Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
What is the sum of all coefficients when the following equation is balanced using the smallest
possible whole numbers?
__ C2H2 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O
A.
B.
C.
11
D.
13
(Total 1 mark)
1.7 g of NaNO3 (Mr = 85) is dissolved in water to prepare 0.20 dm3 of solution. What is the
concentration of the resulting solution in mol dm3?
A.
0.01
B.
0.1
C.
0.2
D.
1.0
(Total 1 mark)
How many molecules are present in a drop of ethanol, C2H5OH, of mass 2.3 103 g?
(L = 6.0 1023 mol1)
A.
3.0 10 19
B.
3.0 1020
C.
6.0 1020
D.
6.0 1026
(Total 1 mark)
1 mol of SO2
B.
2 mol of N2O
C.
2 mol of Ar
D.
4 mol of NH3
(Total 1 mark)
The relative molecular mass of a gas is 56 and its empirical formula is CH2. What is the molecular
formula of the gas?
A.
CH2
B.
C2H4
C.
C3H6
D.
C4H8
(Total 1 mark)
Ethanol is used as a component in fuel for some vehicles. One fuel mixture contains 10 % by mass
of ethanol in unleaded petrol (gasoline). This mixture is often referred to as Gasohol E10.
(a)
Assume that the other 90 % by mass of Gasohol E10 is octane. 1.00 kg of this fuel
mixture was burned.
CH3CH2OH(l) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)
1
C8H18(l) + 12 O2(g) 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l)
2
(i)
HO = 1367 kJ mol1
HO = 5470 kJ mol1
Calculate the mass, in g, of ethanol and octane in 1.00 kg of the fuel mixture.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Calculate the amount, in mol, of ethanol and octane in 1.00 kg of the fuel
mixture.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)
Calculate the total amount of energy, in kJ, released when 1.00 kg of the fuel
mixture is completely burned.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(b)
If the fuel blend was vaporized before combustion, predict whether the amount of
energy released would be greater, less or the same. Explain your answer.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
What mass, in g, of hydrogen is formed when 3 mol of aluminium react with excess hydrochloric
acid according to the following equation?
2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) 2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2(g)
A.
3.0
B.
4.5
C.
6.0
D.
9.0
(Total 1 mark)
What is the total number of hydrogen atoms in 1.0 mol of benzamide, C6H5CONH2?
A.
B.
6.0 1023
C.
3.0 1024
D.
4.2 1024
(Total 1 mark)
What is the sum of the coefficients for the equation when balanced using the smallest possible
whole numbers?
__N2H4(g) + __O2(g) __NO2(g) + __H2O(g)
A.
B.
C.
D.
8
(Total 1 mark)
4.00
B.
8.00
C.
10.0
D.
20.0
(Total 1 mark)
A fixed mass of gas has a certain volume at a temperature of 50 C. What temperature is required
to double its volume while keeping the pressure constant?
A.
100 K
B.
323 K
C.
373 K
D.
646 K
(Total 1 mark)
What is the concentration of NaCl, in mol dm3, when 10.0 cm3 of 0.200 mol dm3 NaCl solution is
added to 30.0 cm3 of 0.600 mol dm3 NaCl solution?
A.
0.450
B.
0.300
C.
0.500
D.
0.800
(Total 1 mark)
Which amount of the following compounds contains the least number of ions?
A.
2 mol of NaOH
B.
1 mol of NH4Cl
C.
2 mol of CaCl2
D.
1 mol of Al2O3
(Total 1 mark)
120
B.
130
C.
138
D.
246
(Total 1 mark)
C5H12
B.
C5H10
C.
C4H8
D.
C4H10
(Total 1 mark)
12 molecules of hydrogen gas, H2(g), and 5 molecules of oxygen gas, O2(g), were mixed together
under conditions which allowed the reaction to go to completion, according to the following
equation.
2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g)
The following diagram represents the mixture of reactants.
Which diagram represents the reaction mixture when the reaction was complete?
A.
B.
C.
D.
(Total 1 mark)
Brass is a copper containing alloy with many uses. An analysis is carried out to determine the
percentage of copper present in three identical samples of brass. The reactions involved in
this analysis are shown below.
Step 1: Cu(s) + 2HNO3(aq) + 2H+(aq) Cu2+(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
Step 2: 4I(aq) + 2Cu2+(aq) 2CuI(s) + I2(aq)
Step 3: I2(aq) + 2S2O32(aq) 2I(aq) + S4O62(aq)
(a)
(i)
Deduce the change in the oxidation numbers of copper and nitrogen in step 1.
Copper:
...........................................................................................................................
Nitrogen:
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii)
(b)
A student carried out this experiment three times, with three identical small brass
nails, and obtained the following results.
Mass of brass = 0.456 g 0.001 g
Titre
0.00
0.00
0.00
28.50
28.60
28.40
28.50
28.60
28.40
28.50
(ii)
(iii)
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(iv)
(v)
The manufacturers claim that the sample of brass contains 44.2 % copper by
mass.
Determine the percentage error in the result.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
With reference to its metallic structure, describe how brass conducts electricity.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 10 marks)
What is the coefficient of Fe3O4 when the following equation is balanced using the lowest whole
numbers?
__ Al(s) + __ Fe3O4(s) __ Al2O3(s) + __ Fe(s)
A.
B.
C.
D.
5
(Total 1 mark)
3.0 1023
B.
5.0 1023
C.
30
D.
1.8 1025
(Total 1 mark)
PCl3
B.
C2H4
C.
H2O2
D.
C6H12O6
(Total 1 mark)
P
= constant (V, n constant)
T
B.
V
= constant (P, n constant)
T
C.
D.
V
= constant (P, T constant)
n
(Total 1 mark)
The percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in eggshell was determined by adding excess
hydrochloric acid to ensure that all the calcium carbonate had reacted. The excess acid left
was then titrated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
(a)
A student added 27.20 cm3 of 0.200 mol dm3 HCl to 0.188 g of eggshell. Calculate
the amount, in mol, of HCl added.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
The excess acid requires 23.80 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm3 NaOH for neutralization.
Calculate the amount, in mol, of acid that is in excess.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
Determine the amount, in mol, of HCl that reacted with the calcium carbonate in the
eggshell.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(d)
State the equation for the reaction of HCl with the calcium carbonate in the eggshell.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(e)
Determine the amount, in mol, of calcium carbonate in the sample of the eggshell.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(f)
Calculate the mass and the percentage by mass of calcium carbonate in the eggshell
sample.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(g)
Deduce one assumption made in arriving at the percentage of calcium carbonate in the
eggshell sample.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 11 marks)
6.0 mol of aluminium reacts with oxygen to form aluminium oxide. What is the amount of oxygen,
in mol, needed for complete reaction?
4Al(s) + 3O2(g) 2Al2O3(s)
A.
1.5
B.
3.0
C.
4.5
D.
6.0
(Total 1 mark)
B.
6.02 1023
C.
1.20 1024
D.
2.41 1024
(Total 1 mark)
On analysis, a compound with molar mass 60 g mol1 was found to contain 12 g of carbon, 2 g of
hydrogen and 16 g of oxygen. What is the molecular formula of the compound?
A.
CH2O
B.
CH4O
C.
C2H4O
D.
C2H4O2
(Total 1 mark)
Equal masses of the metals Na, Mg, Ca and Ag are added to separate samples of excess HCl(aq).
Which metal produces the greatest total volume of H2(g)?
A.
Na
B.
Mg
C.
Ca
D.
Ag
(Total 1 mark)
The graph below represents the relationship between two variables in a fixed amount of gas.
y-axis
A.
pressure
temperature
B.
volume
temperature
C.
pressure
volume
D.
temperature
volume
(Total 1 mark)
8.5 g of NH3 are dissolved in H2O to prepare a 500 cm3 solution. Which statements are correct?
I.
II.
III.
A.
I and II only
B.
C.
D.
I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
The alkane contains 81.7 % by mass of carbon. Determine its empirical formula,
showing your working.
(3)
(b)
Equal volumes of carbon dioxide and the unknown alkane are found to have the same
mass, measured to an accuracy of two significant figures, at the same temperature and
pressure. Deduce the molecular formula of the alkane.
(1)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(d)
(e)
(ii)
Explain the mechanism of this reaction using curly arrows to show the
movement of electron pairs, and draw the structure of the transition state.
(3)
(Total 16 marks)
300 cm3 of water is added to a solution of 200 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm3 sodium chloride. What is the
concentration of sodium chloride in the new solution?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The molar mass of a compound is approximately 56 g mol1. Which formula is possible for this
compound?
A.
NaNO3
B.
AgOH
C.
MgO
D.
KOH
(Total 1 mark)
Which compound has the empirical formula with the largest mass?
A.
C2H6
B.
C2H4
C.
C2H2
D.
C3H6
(Total 1 mark)
What is the coefficient for O2(g) when the equation for the combustion of 1 mole of pentane is
balanced?
C5H12(g) + _O2(g) _CO2(g) + _H2O(g)
A.
B.
C.
D.
16
(Total 1 mark)
What is the maximum mass, in g, of magnesium oxide that can be obtained from the reaction of
oxygen with 2.4 g of magnesium?
A.
2.4
B.
3.0
C.
4.0
D.
5.6
(Total 1 mark)
5 dm3 of carbon monoxide, CO(g), and 2 dm3 of oxygen, O2(g), at the same temperature and
pressure are mixed together. Assuming complete reaction according to the equation given,
what is the maximum volume of carbon dioxide, CO2(g), in dm3, that can be formed?
2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2
A.
B.
C.
D.
7
(Total 1 mark)
When vitamin D dissolves in fat, vitamin D is the solvent and fat is the solute.
B.
In a solution of NaCl in water, NaCl is the solute and water is the solvent.
C.
D.
(a)
Identify the organic functional group present in both vegetable oil and biodiesel.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
For part of her extended essay investigation into the efficiency of the process, a
student reacted a pure sample of a vegetable oil (where R = C17H33) with methanol.
The raw data recorded for the reaction is below.
Mass of oil
Mass of methanol
Mass of sodium hydroxide
Mass of biodiesel produced
= 1013.0 g
= 200.0 g
=
3.5 g
= 811.0 g
The relative molecular mass of the oil used by the student is 885.6. Calculate the
amount (in moles) of the oil and the methanol used, and hence the amount (in moles)
of excess methanol.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(c)
The reversible arrows in the equation indicate that the production of biodiesel is an
equilibrium process.
(i)
(ii)
(1)
(iii)
(1)
(iv)
State and explain the effect that the addition of the sodium hydroxide catalyst
will have on the position of equilibrium.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(d)
The reactants had to be stirred vigorously because they formed two distinct layers in
the reaction vessel. Explain why they form two distinct layers and why stirring
increases the rate of reaction.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(e)
(f)
When biodiesel is combusted it produces carbon dioxide. Explain why the use of
biodiesel as a fuel does not significantly contribute to global warming.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 14 marks)
The percentage of iron(II) ions, Fe2+, in a vitamin tablet can be estimated by dissolving the tablet in
dilute sulfuric acid and titrating with standard potassium manganate(VII) solution,
KMnO4(aq). During the process iron(II) is oxidized to iron(III) and the manganate(VII) ion
is reduced to the manganese(II) ion, Mn2+(aq). It was found that one tablet with a mass of
1.43 g required 11.6 cm3 of 2.00 102 mol dm3 KMnO4(aq) to reach the end-point.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
State the half-equation for the reduction of the MnO4 ions in acidic solution.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
Calculate the amount, in moles, of Fe2+ ions present in the vitamin tablet.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)
Determine the percentage by mass of Fe2+ ions present in the vitamin tablet.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
B.
C.
6.0 1023
D.
5.4 1024
(Total 1 mark)
B.
C.
D.
What volume of sulfur trioxide, in cm3, can be prepared using 40 cm3 sulfur dioxide and 20 cm3
oxygen gas by the following reaction? Assume all volumes are measured at the same
temperature and pressure.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
A.
20
B.
40
C.
60
D.
80
(Total 1 mark)
Which sample of nitrogen gas, N2, contains the greatest number of nitrogen molecules?
A.
1.4 g N2
B.
C.
D.
1.4 mol N2
(Total 1 mark)
Aspirin, one of the most widely used drugs in the world, can be prepared according to the equation
given below.
(a)
(b)
A student reacted some salicylic acid with excess ethanoic anhydride. Impure solid
aspirin was obtained by filtering the reaction mixture. Pure aspirin was obtained by
recrystallization. The following table shows the data recorded by the student.
(i)
3.15 0.02 g
2.50 0.02 g
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
State the number of significant figures associated with the mass of pure aspirin
obtained, and calculate the percentage uncertainty associated with this mass.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(v)
Smog is common in cities throughout the world. One component of smog is PAN
(peroxyacylnitrate) which consists of 20.2 % C, 11.4 % N, 65.9 % O and 2.50 % H by mass.
Determine the empirical formula of PAN, showing your working.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
(Total 3 marks)
Which non-metal forms an oxide XO2 with a relative molecular mass of 60?
A.
B.
C.
Si
D.
S
(Total 1 mark)
How many oxygen atoms are there in 0.20 mol of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH?
A.
1.2 1023
B.
2.4 1023
C.
3.0 1024
D.
6.0 1024
(Total 1 mark)
4.00 mol of a hydrocarbon with an empirical formula of CH2 has a mass of 280 g. What is the
molecular formula of this compound?
A.
C2H4
B.
C3H6
C.
C4H8
D.
C5H10
(Total 1 mark)
What will be the concentration of sulfate ions in mol dm3 when 0.20 mol of KAl(SO4)2 is
dissolved in water to give 100 cm3 of aqueous solution?
A.
0.2
B.
1.0
C.
2.0
D.
4.0
(Total 1 mark)
The volume of an ideal gas at 27.0 C is increased from 3.00 dm3 to 6.00 dm3. At what
temperature, in C, will the gas have the original pressure?
A.
13.5
B.
54.0
C.
327
D.
600
(Total 1 mark)
The data below is from an experiment used to determine the percentage of iron present in a sample
of iron ore. This sample was dissolved in acid and all of the iron was converted to Fe2+. The
resulting solution was titrated with a standard solution of potassium manganate(VII),
KMnO4. This procedure was carried out three times. In acidic solution, MnO4 reacts with
Fe2+ ions to form Mn2+ and Fe3+ and the end point is indicated by a slight pink colour.
titre
(a)
1.00
23.60
10.00
24.60
46.10
32.50
3.682 101
2.152 102
Deduce the balanced redox equation for this reaction in acidic solution.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Calculate the amount, in moles, of Fe present in the 3.682 101 g sample of iron ore.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(e)
Determine the percentage by mass of Fe present in the 3.682 101 g sample of iron
ore.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
HCl
MnCl2
Cl2
H2O
A.
B.
C.
D.
2
(Total 1 mark)
What volume of carbon dioxide, in dm3 under standard conditions, is formed when 7.00 g of ethene
(C2H4, Mr = 28.1) undergoes complete combustion?
A.
22.4 28.1
7.00
B.
22.4 7.00
28.1
C.
2 22.4 28.1
7.00
D.
2 22.4 7.00
28.1
(Total 1 mark)
1.001023
B.
3.611024
C.
5.00
D.
6.00
(Total 1 mark)
What is the coefficient for H2SO4(aq) when the following equation is balanced, using the smallest
possible integers?
__Mg3N2(s) + __H2SO4(aq) __MgSO4(aq) + __(NH4)2SO4(aq)
A.
B.
C.
D.
7
(Total 1 mark)
Air bags in cars inflate when sodium azide decomposes to form sodium and nitrogen:
2NaN3(s) 2Na(s) + 3N2(g)
Calculate the amount, in moles, of nitrogen gas produced by the decomposition of 2.52 mol
of NaN3(s).
A.
1.68
B.
2.52
C.
3.78
D.
7.56
What volume, in cm3, of 0.200 mol dm3 HCl(aq) is required to neutralize 25.0 cm3 of 0.200 mol
dm3 Ba(OH)2(aq)?
A.
12.5
B.
25.0
C.
50.0
D.
75.0
(Total 1 mark)
0.600 mol of aluminium hydroxide is mixed with 0.600 mol of sulfuric acid, and the following
reaction occurs:
2Al(OH)3(s) + 3H2SO4(aq) Al2(SO4)3(aq) + 6H2O(l)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
.....................................................................................................................................
Lewis base
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(e)
H2SO4(aq) is a strong acid. State the name and the formula of any weak acid.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
A toxic gas, A, consists of 53.8 % nitrogen and 46.2 % carbon by mass. At 273 K and
1.01105 Pa, 1.048 g of A occupies 462 cm3. Determine the empirical formula of A.
Calculate the molar mass of the compound and determine its molecular structure.
(Total 3 marks)