Classical Argumentative essay

A Classical argument is the basic form of persuasive argument typically used

in essays and position papers. It has at least five parts:
the introduction, narration, confirmation, refutation, and conclusion. The parts of
a classical argument are arranged logically. That is, one section logically follows from
the one before it. It is styled in this way for ease of transition in thought, especially for
the main purpose of effectively persuading the reader or audience. The following is an
explanation of the different parts of a classical argument.
Introduction
The speaker/writer has at least three tasks in the introductory part of a classical
argument. These are: (1) to warm up to the audience,(2) to establish a connection or
rapport! with the audience, and (3)to state the general claim of the argument.
Narration
This is where the speaker/writer has to provide a summary of the background information
relevant to the argument. This is also where the speaker/writer outlines the circumstances
that lead to the claim and its corresponding conse"uences. In some examples of classical
arguments, the narration comes together with the introduction.
Confirmation
This is where the speaker/writer gives the supporting evidence to the claim. #upporting
facts and opinion from authority are usually included in this section. The stronger the link
between the supporting evidence and the claim, the stronger the argument of the
speaker/writer will be. This is also the part where the claim is elaborated. A typical
techni"ue used in the confirmation section of a classical argument is the Toulmin
techni"ue.
Refutation
This is where the opposing claims are presented or acknowledged, and then addressed
accordingly. In most cases, counter$examples are best used as counter$arguments for the
opposing claims. This is also the part of the classical argument where the speaker/writer
anticipates possible ob%ection to his claim and addresses them appropriately.
Conclusion
This is the final part of the classical argument where the speaker/writer summari&es the
main points and reiterates the claim. In some cases, speakers/writers using this form of
argument end with an appeal to the emotion of the reader or audience.
In summary, the Classical Argument is a basic approach to the art of persuasion. It
contains the essential parts of any persuasive argument. Its transition is logical, making it
an easy$to$use techni"ue without sacrificing the "uality of the transition of thoughts. 'ou
may also want to know more about (hetorical Arguments.
Components of the Classical Argument
The introduction, narration/bacground information, proposition!
proof/confirmation, refutation, concession, and conclusion. The parts of a classical
argument are arranged logically. That is, one section logically follows from the one
before it. It is styled in this way for ease of transition in thought, especially for the main
purpose of effectively persuading the reader or audience
)http://tipsforresearchpapersandessays.blogspot.com/*++,/-*/what$is$classical$argument$
essay.html..
Introduction (one paragrap"#$%& sentences):
Begin with general information of topic and proceed with specific information to the
concise thesis statement.
Introduce the issue and hook! the audience/s attention
0se a strong example
#tate the position as a thesis statement
0se an interesting "uotation or statistic
Narration (as many paragrap"s as needed to address completely):
1ffer summary of issue
#tate any circumstances that lead to sub%ect
2rovide history of the issue or situation )background information.
2resent current status of topic
3efine any key terms as necessary so the reader understands what is under
discussion
3iscuss why this sub%ect is meaningful
Analysis the sub%ect as needed
4hat have authorities said about topic5
'roposition (as many paragrap"s as needed to address completely):
Introduce/state the taken position
2resent the argument
#tate causes and effects
6ive examples, details, and so forth of argument
'roof/Confirmation (as many paragrap"s as needed to address completely):
Prove thesis / Elaborate on claim
3iscuss reasons for position taken: each must be relevant, representative,
illustrative, appropriate
2rovide facts, details, and so forth
7an begin with most important point of support and then go to least important 1( least
important to most important point of support
#upporting grounds backing claim )Toulmin/s model of argument.
2rovide testimony from experts in the field8 that is, the academic sources
9vidence to support claim: examples and so forth
(elate/explain why facts, testimony, and evidence presented support claim
Refutation (as many paragrap"s as needed to address completely):
Gain credibility by showing awareness of opposition
Present research and perspective of opposing argument
Anticipate opposing viewpoints
Acknowledge, recogni&e, and present opposing claims )there are those who will
have differing opinions.
Answer ob%ections
3isprove opposing positions/opinions
#how why opposition/s argument is weak, unsound, not practical
Address in an appropriate manner
Concession (as many paragrap"s as needed to address completely):
3iscuss/find common ground in both sides of argument )(ogerian argument.
7oncede )give in. and compromise on opposing claim)s. that have worth
0se transitional word)s. like granted, certainly, of course, although it is true,
3emonstrate why this does not damage essay/s claim
0se transitional word)s. like however, in contrast, regardless, on the other hand,
Conclusion(
Begin with specific information and go to general information
#ummari&e most important points
(eiterate paper/s claim
Appeal to audience )not directly : using ethos, pathos, or logos.
In some papers, a call for action is appropriate : as topic dictates