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9 780755 940219
ISBN 0-7559-4021-0
Crown copyright 2003
Astron B28060 11-02
This document is also available on the Scottish Exexcutive website www.scotland.gov.uk
10.00
Road Accidents
Scotland 2002
A Scottish Executive
National Statistics publication
w w w . s c o t l a n d . g o v . u k
---'

ROAD ACCIDENTS SCOTLAND
2002
A Scottish Executive National Statistics publication
Brief extracts from this publication may be reproduced provided Road Accidents Scotland is fully
acknowledged as the source. Proposals for larger extracts should be addressed to the enquiries address below.
Conventions
Symbols used: the following are used throughout:
.. not available
- or 0 nil or less than half the final digit shown
n/a not applicable
Rounding: in some tables, where figures have been rounded independently, the sum of constituent items may
not appear to agree exactly with the total shown.
Enquiries
Enquiries of a routine nature, or on the availability of the next edition of the publication, can be made to the
Transport Statistics branch, by contacting:
Mr Scott Brand or Mr Andrew Knight
Transport Statistics branch
Scottish Executive Development Department
Area 2C-13 Victoria Quay
EDINBURGH
EH6 6QQ
Telephone: 0131-244 7255 or 7256
Fax: 0131-244 0888
E-mail: transtat@scotland.gsi.gov.uk
Major enquiries or suggestions for improvement to the publication should be addressed to:
Mr Frank Dixon, Transport Statistician, at the address above.
Readers may request further analyses of the road accident statistics held in the Scottish Executive Transport
Statistics branch database, but three points should be noted:
1. The Transport Statistics branch does not answer requests for local information: these should be addressed to
the appropriate Police Force(s) or Council(s).
2. The amount of information that can be provided in response to requests may be limited, depending upon the
resources that are available to carry out the work, and on any restrictions that may be necessary to maintain the
confidentiality of the data.
3. A charge may be made, depending upon the amount of staff time required to answer a request.
Web version of the publication
Transport Statistics publications may be found on the Scottish Executive Statistics Website.
Go to:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/
and click on the link, in the list of Statistics by topic at the left of the screen, labelled "Transport and Travel"
to get to the Transport Statistics home page. Then click on Publications and Data. You will then see the
links to (e.g.)
All Transport Statistics publications that are available on the SE Web site
Excel spreadsheet versions of the tables in the more recent editions.
Please see also the separate section, later in the publication, which provides more detailed information about the
Transport Statistics pages which are available from the SE Statistics web site.
Further copies are available from
The Stationery Office Bookshop, 71 Lothian Road, Edinburgh EH3 9AZ, Tel: 0870 606 55 66
2
Contents
Page
Introduction 5-8
List of tables in the Statistical Tables section 9-11
Summary 14-18
Commentary
1. Trends in the numbers of Road Accidents and Casualties 21-25
2. Accidents 25-26
3. Motorists, breath testing and drink-driving 27-28
4. Casualties 28-32
5. Comparisons of Scottish figures against those of other countries 32-39
The casualty reduction targets for 2010 41-46
Statistical Tables
Accidents 49-63
Accident costs 64-65
Vehicles involved 66-69
Drivers and riders 70-75
Drivers breath tested 76-81
Drink-drive accidents and casualties 82-83
Casualties 84-161
Annex A Calendar of events affecting road traffic 163-165
Annex B The collection of road accident statistics,
and examples of forms that could be used to collect the data 167-180
Annex C Consultation with users and providers of road accident statistics,
and reviews of the "Stats 19" specification and the statistical publications 181-183
Annex D Definitions used in road accident statistics 184-186
Annex E Local Government reorganisation and the Trunk Road Network 187-190
Annex F Frequency of use of values of most STATS 19 variables 191-195
Index 196-198
Reports of the results of the Road Safety research projects
which were commissioned by the Scottish Executive 200-203
Scottish Executive Transport Statistics publications 204-205
Information available from the Transport Statistics page
on the Scottish Executive Web site 206
3
Combination Map
0 10 20 30 40 50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Miles
Kilometres
Local Authorities / Police Areas
Numbered Areas
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
WEST DUNBARTONSHIRE
EAST DUNBARTONSHIRE
NORTH LANARKSHIRE
GLASGOW CITY
EAST RENFREWSHIRE
RENFREWSHIRE
INVERCLYDE
CLACKMANNANSHIRE
FALKIRK
WEST LOTHIAN
DUMFRIES AND GALLOWAY
SCOTTISH
BORDERS
SOUTH
LANARKSHIRE
FIFE
DUNDEE
CITY
ABERDEEN
CITY
PERTH
AND KINROSS
ANGUS
ABERDEENSHIRE
MORAY
SHETLAND
ORKNEY
WESTERN
ISLES
HIGHLAND
STIRLING
ARGYLL
AND BUTE
NORTH AYRSHIRE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
CITYOF
EDINBURGH
MIDLOTHIAN
EAST
LOTHIAN
EAST
AYRSHIRE
SOUTH
AYRSHIRE
LOCAL AUTHORITIES
POLICE AREAS
Astron Cartographic Centre B32892 10/2003 Crown Copyright
DUMFRIES AND GALLOWAY
CONSTABULARY
LOTHIAN AND BORDERS
POLICE
STRATHCLYDE
POLICE
FIFE
CONSTABULARY
TAYSIDE POLICE
CENTRAL
SCOTLAND
POLICE
NORTHERN CONSTABULARY
GRAMPIAN POLICE
4
Introduction
This publication presents statistics of the numbers of injury road accidents (that is, road accidents
in which one or more people are injured or killed) in Scotland which were reported by the police
using the Stats 19 statistical returns (which are described in Annex B). Each accident is classified
according to the severity of the injury to the most seriously injured person involved in the accident.
Following this Introduction, this publication has several parts. The Summary section shows the
main trends in the numbers of road accidents and casualties in recent years. The Commentary
includes descriptions of the trends in the numbers of road accidents and casualties, more detailed
analyses (of the numbers of accidents, of the statistics about motorists, and of the numbers of
casualties) and comparisons of the Scottish figures with some other countries' numbers. The next
section provides information on the Casualty Reduction Targets for 2010. This is followed by the
Charts and Statistical Tables. There are a number of Annexes, such as a calendar of events
affecting road traffic, notes on the collection of road accident statistics (including examples of the
kinds of forms that might be used), the definitions of various terms, and information about the
changes to the trunk road network and the frequency of use of the values of most of the Stats 19
variables. There is also an Index, and information about Scottish Executive Road Safety Research
publications and Scottish Executive Transport Statistics publications.
The rest of this Introduction consists of sections on:
1. the status of the statistics;
2. the years covered in the tables;
3. road accident casualty reduction targets for the year 2010: comparisons with the annual
averages for 1994-98;
4. estimates of the total volume of road traffic
5. the main changes in this edition.
1. The status of the statistics
Most of the data used in this publication were extracted from the Road Accidents statistical database
early in September 2003. The statistics given here may differ slightly from those published
elsewhere (such as the provisional figures which appeared in Key Road Accident Statistics, or
previous editions figures for the earlier years) because they were extracted on a different date, and
the database may have changed between the two dates (e.g.) due to late returns, or due to late
corrections being made to returns which had been received earlier.
The information held in the Scottish Executive's Road Accident Statistics database was collected by
the police following each accident, and subsequently reported to the Executive. The statistics
produced from the Scottish Executive's database may differ from the figures which the relevant local
authorities would provide, because the statistical data held by the Scottish Executive do not take
account of any changes or corrections that local authorities may have made, for use at local level, to
their copies of the statistical information. For example, local authorities may have corrected, in their
copies of the data, the information about the location of some accidents, based upon their knowledge
of the roads and areas concerned. In some cases, they may have concluded that an accident occurred
in a different local authority area from that which was shown in the statistical return which was made
to the Scottish Executive. Therefore, the numbers of accidents and casualties published here for
some local authorities may differ from the figures that the local authorities themselves would quote.
2. The years covered in the tables
Some tables have figures for several individual years (e.g. for each year from 1998 to 2002) so that
any trends in the key statistics can be seen. However, the more detailed tables provide figures only
in the form of 5-year annual averages (e.g. for the years 1998-2002), and do not give figures for the
5
latest single year. If readers need versions of the detailed tables for single years, they can be
provided on request (a charge may be made).
Some of the detailed tables in some earlier editions of the publication have not been repeated since.
A list of statistics covered in more detail in previous editions can be found at the end of the Index.
Readers may request updated versions of such tables (for which a charge may be made).
3. Road accident casualty reduction targets for the year 2010: comparisons with the
annual averages for 1994-98
In many of the tables, the latest figures are compared with the annual averages for 1994-98. This is
done because, in March 2000, the UK Government, the Scottish Executive and the National
Assembly for Wales announced a new national road safety strategy and casualty reduction targets for
2010. These new targets were introduced to focus on achieving a further substantial improvement in
road safety over the next ten years, with particular emphasis on child casualties. The new targets,
which are given in the document Tomorrow's roads - safer for everyone, are based on the annual
average casualty levels over the period 1994 to 1998. By 2010 it is hoped that there will be,
compared with the average for 1994-98:
a 40% reduction in the number of people killed or seriously injured in road accidents.
a 50% reduction in the number of children killed or seriously injured; and
a 10% reduction in the slight casualty rate, expressed as the number of people slightly injured per
100 million vehicle kilometres.
Annual averages for 1994-98 are therefore included in many tables, so that readers can see how the
latest figures compare with the "baselines" for these targets.
In addition, the section on the Casualty Reduction Targets for 2010 provides statistics related to
these targets, plus a selection of key points. It contains charts and tables for each of the three targets
showing the main trends in casualty numbers compared with the 1994-98 baseline averages, and with
the numbers that might be expected in each year if the targets were to be achieved by means of a
constant percentage reduction in each year.
The previous casualty reduction target, which was adopted by the Government in 1987, was to
reduce the number of road casualties by one third from the 1981-85 average level by the year 2000.
Tables in Road Accidents Scotland 2000 showed for which types of casualty this target was
achieved.
4. Estimates of the total volume of road traffic
Some tables include figures for the total volume of traffic, or accident or casualty rates calculated
from them. The traffic estimates were provided by the Department for Transport (DfT), which
produces estimates of the total volume of road traffic for Scotland and for other parts of Great
Britain, using methods which are described in Chapter 6 of Scottish Transport Statistics. The
estimates for 2002 and earlier years are based on data from a very small cross-section of the roads in
Scotland: traffic counts taken at around 500 sites per year plus data from automatic traffic counters at
about two dozen sites in Scotland (which are combined with data from counters at similar sites in
England and Wales).
The figures which appeared in the previous edition have been revised, following improvements to
DfTs method of estimating the volume of traffic. In summer 2003, DfT produced revised estimates
of traffic volumes, for each year back to 1993. Several points about these estimates should be noted:
a. minor roads: DfT revised greatly the estimated total volume of traffic on minor roads (B, C
and unclassified roads) in Scotland.
6
b. urban / rural and built-up / non built-up roads: DfTs estimates are now based on an
urban / rural classification of roads, not on the built-up / non built-up classification of roads used
previously in traffic estimates (which is still used for the accident and casualty statistics). In general:
an urban road is a road (other than a Motorway) which lies within the boundaries of an
urban area which had a population of 10,000 or more in 2001;
a built-up road is one which has a speed limit of 40 m.p.h. or less.
The two classifications may differ markedly in some areas for example, an area which has only
small settlements will have all its traffic classed as being on roads which are rural (because all of
the settlements populations are under 10,000), but may have a number of accidents which occur on
roads which are classed as built-up (because their speed limits are 40 m.p.h. or less). One would
get the wrong answer if one were to estimate (e.g.) that areas accident rate for built-up roads by
dividing its number of accidents on built-up roads by its estimated volume of traffic on urban
roads. Therefore, estimates of built-up and non built-up accident rates are now provided in
Table 5 only for Scotland as a whole and it must be remembered that those estimates may not be
precise, because of the difference between the two classifications.
c. trunk roads: in DfTs traffic estimates, roads are now classified as trunk roads or local
authority roads on the basis of their trunk road status at a recent date, not on the basis of whether
they were trunk roads in the year to which the estimates relate (the previous basis of traffic
estimates). Therefore, DfT traffic estimates for trunk roads back to 1993 are now on the basis of
the current trunk road network, and the series of figures does not have a discontinuity caused by
the changes to the trunk road network with effect from April 1996. As a result, the traffic estimates
for trunk roads for 1995 and earlier years should now be more directly comparable to the accident
and casualty figures for trunk roads for those years, which are based on the post-1 April 1996
trunk road network. Annex E provides more information on these matters. (NB: Table 41 shows a
few trunk road casualties in Clackmannanshire and East Dunbartonshire - but there are no trunk
roads in those Council areas. It seems that the few accidents concerned have been given incorrect
trunk road indicators or Council codes in the Stats 19 database: their records will be corrected
before the next edition of the publication is produced.)
d. further revisions to the estimates: the traffic estimates used to calculate the accident rates in
Table 5 differ from those used for the other tables. Table 5 used the estimates which DfT provided
early in July 2003, which were used to produce the tables in Scottish Transport Statistics . At that
stage, DfT could supply the overall Scottish totals for minor roads, but not the figures for individual
local authority areas for each year back to 1993. The latter were supplied in mid-October 2003,
when they were needed to prepare Tables 41 and 42. At the same time, DfT provided slightly
revised versions of its estimates of the total volume of traffic for major roads for 1998 and earlier
years. These took account of some further work on the traffic estimates which DfT had done after
providing the figures which were used to produce the tables in Scottish Transport Statistics.
These revisions increased the estimated total volume of traffic on all roads in Scotland by an amount
which varied between 1.2% (for 1993) and 0.1% (for 1998). As the overall effect of these revisions
was small, and the deadline for finalising the material for the printer was approaching, it was
decided not to change Table 5 to use these new estimates. However, Table G and Table 1 were
amended to use the new totals for 1998 and earlier years, as that could be done easily and quickly.
Finally, please note that the DfT traffic estimates provide only a rough indication of the likely
total volume of traffic on local authority roads in each Council area and that the estimated
totals for such areas are not National Statistics. DfT believes that its estimates of the volume of
traffic on minor roads (i.e. B, C and unclassified roads) for Scotland as a whole are of acceptable
quality. However, the 200 or so counts taken per year at minor road sites across Scotland represent
an average of only 6-7 per local authority per year - clearly too few to be the basis of reliable
estimates for individual local authority areas for each year. DfT must therefore estimate the total
volume of traffic on minor roads in individual local authority areas in other ways. The assumptions
which DfT must make in order to produce such estimates are described in "Scottish Transport
Statistics". The resulting estimates, which are consistent with the overall totals for Scotland as a
7
whole, can only provide a broad indication of the likely total volume of traffic on minor roads in
each local authority area. As a result:
it is not possible for DfT to quantify the possible "margins of error" around them;
they are not classed as National Statistics;
more detailed breakdowns of the estimates for individual local authority areas (e.g. separately
for B, C and unclassified roads; or for urban roads and rural roads) are not published.
Similar considerations apply to DfT's estimates of the total volume of traffic on all local authority
roads in each area, which are produced by adding together its estimates of traffic on local authority A
roads and on minor roads.
In addition, DfTs estimates of traffic on local authority A roads are not based on much data: as
manual traffic counts are taken on a rotating census basis, there may be several years between
successive counts at a particular site. Therefore, DfT notes that there could be some large errors in
its traffic estimates for the major roads in some of the smaller local authority areas.
In conclusion: DfT provides its estimates of the total volume of traffic on local authority roads in
each local authority area as the best that it can produce from the limited amount of data available to it
- rough indications of the likely total volume of traffic on local authority roads in each area, for use
with caution, as no better estimates are available.
5. Main changes in this edition
Following the consultations described in section 5 of Annex C, the main changes which have been
made in this edition are:
a map has been added, showing police force and local authority boundaries.
in the Commentary, Figure 1 has been expanded, and now also shows DfTs estimates of the
volume of traffic on all roads (for those years for which this is available).
Figure 2 has been replaced with three charts which show, from 1950, the numbers:-
killed,
killed and seriously injured and seriously injured; and
all casualties and slightly injured casualties.
part (c) of Table 5 no longer provides separate figures for built-up and non built-up local
authority A roads, following the change to DfTs traffic estimates (described earlier)
Table 24 has been changed to:
provide a much more detailed breakdown by age groups;
show road user types (based on groups of modes of transport) which are more like those
which appear in some of the tables of Road Casualties Great Britain;
show the total number of casualties split by sex; and
give the 1994-98 averages.
a new Table 41 has been added showing slight casualty numbers, DfT traffic estimates and the
slight casualty rates (relative to traffic volumes) for each local authority area. These figures are
all broken down to show "trunk roads", "local authority roads" and "all roads". The table covers
1994 to 2002, and also provides the averages for 1994-98 and 1998-2002.
a new Table 42 has been added showing the total number killed and seriously injured, children
killed and seriously injured, slight casualties, DfT traffic estimates and the slight casualty rates
(relative to traffic volumes) for each Police Force area. The table covers 1994 to 2002, and also
provides the averages for 1994-98 and 1998-2002.
a new Annex F shows the frequency of use of the values of most of the variables which were in
the Stats 19 returns for 2002.
8
List of tables in the Statistical Tables section Page
Table 1 Population, vehicles licensed, road lengths, traffic on all roads and on major roads, injury accidents,
vehicles involved and casualties, 1953 to 2002 49
Table 2 Accidents and casualties by severity, 1938 to 2002 50
Accidents
Table 3 Accidents by police force area and severity, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 52
Table 4 Accidents by road type and severity, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 53
Table 5 Accidents and accident rates by severity and road class by built-up and non built-up roads,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002; accident rates on major roads by police
force area and severity, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages 54
Table 6 Accidents by severity, month and road type, 1998-2002 average 58
Table 7 Accidents by light condition, road surface and severity
Built-up and non built-up roads, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 61
Table 8 Accidents by junction detail and severity, separately for built-up and non
built- up roads, 1998-2002 average 62
Accident Costs
Details of calculation 64
Table 9 Average cost per casualty by severity for GB () at 2002 prices 65
Table 10 Costs per accident by element of cost and severity for GB () at 2002 prices 65
Table 11 Cost per accident by road type and severity in Scotland () for 2002 at 2002 prices 65
Table 12 Total estimated accident costs in Scotland ( million) at 2002 prices,
by severity, 1992 to 2002 65
Vehicles Involved
Table 13 Vehicles involved by type, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 66
Table 14 Vehicles involved by manoeuvre and type of vehicle, and junction detail and type of vehicle,
separately for built-up and non built-up roads, 1998-2002 average 67
Table 15 Cars involved in accidents by manoeuvre and type of accident,
separately for built-up and non built-up roads, 1998-2002 average 69
Drivers and Riders
Table 16 Estimated distance between the home of the driver or rider and the location of accident, 2002 70
Table 17 Car drivers involved in accidents by manoeuvre and age of driver,
separately for built-up and non-built-up roads, 1998-2002 average 73
Table 18 Car drivers involved in accidents by age and sex of driver,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002 74
Drivers Breath Tested
Table 19 Motorists involved in accidents, breath tested and breath test results, by
police force, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 76
Table 20 Motorists involved in accidents, breath tested and breath test results, by
day and time, 1998-2002 average 79
9
Table 21 Motorists involved in accidents, breath tested and breath test results, by
time of day, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002 80

Drink-drive Accidents and Casualties
Table 22 Accidents which involved motor vehicle drivers or riders with illegal alcohol levels
by severity of accident; and casualties in such accidents, by severity,
1994-98 and 1997-2001 averages, 1991 to 2001 82
Casualties
Table 23 Casualties by mode of transport and severity, separately
for built-up and non built-up roads, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002 84
Table 24 Casualties by mode of transport, age group, severity and sex,
1994-98 average, 2002 90
Table 25 Child and adult pedestrian, pedal cycle, car and other casualties
by severity, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 92
Table 26 Casualties by mode of motor transport, casualty class and severity,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 94
Table 27 Child casualties by time of day and mode of transport,
separately for weekdays/weekend, 1998-2002 average 96
Table 28 Adult casualties by time of day and mode of transport,
separately for weekdays/weekend, 1998-2002 average 98
Table 29 Child and adult casualties by month and mode of transport,
1998-2002 average 100
Table 30 Child and adult casualties by day of week and mode of transport,
1998-2002 average 102
Table 31 Population estimates, number of casualties and casualty rates
per thousand population, by age groups, 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 104
Table 32 Casualties by age and severity, separately for each mode of transport,
numbers and rates per thousand population, 1998-2002 average 106
Table 33 Casualties by speed limit, mode of transport and severity, 1998-2002 average 111
Table 34 Casualties by age, severity and sex, separately for each casualty class,
numbers and rates per thousand population, 1998-2002 average 112
Table 35 Child and adult pedestrian casualties in single vehicle accidents, by
pedestrian action, and pedestrian crossing details,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 116
Table 36 Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002 118
Table 37 Casualties by police force area, council and severity,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 2002 132
Table 38 Pedestrian casualties by police force area, council and severity,
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 2002 134
Table 39 Estimated distance between the home of the casualty and the location of the
Accident by road user type and police force, 2002 136
10
Table 40 Killed & seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council
and road type: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1994 to 2002 138
Table 41 Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate,
by council and road type: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1994 to 2002 148
Table 42 casualties killed or seriously injured, child killed or seriously injured,
slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty
rate by police force area: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1994 to 2002 159
11
12
SUMMARY
13
Summary chart 1
Summary
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Accidents (Fatal, Serious, Slight, and All severities) and
Vehicles Licensed
1
1975=100
index
1. The figure for Vehicles Licensed for 1993 onwards are on a different basis from those for
earlier years. For details, and for other notes, please see the footnotes in Table 1.
Fatal
Serious
Slight
All
Severities
Vehicles
Licensed
1
14
Summary
On Scotland's roads in 2002 there were:
14,317 injury accidents in which 19,248 people were injured;
3,518 people killed or seriously injured (305 of whom died);
11,822 casualties in cars, 155 of whom died;
3,309 pedestrian casualties, of whom 73 were killed;
1,164 motor cyclist casualties (of whom 46 were killed);
2,745 child casualties, 525 of whom were killed or seriously injured (14 of them died);
1,294 child pedestrian casualties, of whom 338 were killed or seriously injured (12 died).
Between 1992 and 2002:
The number of fatal accidents fell by 35%, from 426 to 275;
The total of fatal and serious accidents fell by 37%, from 4,694 to 2,944;
The total number of accidents (all severities) fell by 20%, from 18,008 to 14,317;
The number of people killed fell by 34%, from 463 to 305;
The total of killed and serious casualties fell by 38%, from 5,639 to 3,518;
The total number of casualties (all severities) fell by 20%, from 24,173 to 19,248;
Car user casualties fell by 13%, from 13,555 to 11,822;
Pedestrian casualties fell by 38%, from 5,350 to 3,309;
Pedal cycle casualties fell by 36%, from 1,293 to 828;
Motor cycle casualties fell by 6%, from 1,237 to 1,164;
Male casualties fell by 22%, from 14,219 to 11,071;
Female casualties fell by 18%, from 9,954 to 8,164;
Casualties aged 16-22 fell by 33% from 5,382 to 3,582;
Casualties aged 23-59 fell by 11% from 11,912 to 10,651;
Casualties aged 60 and over fell by 22% from 2,832 to 2,220;
Children killed fell from 41 to 14;
Child killed and seriously injured casualties fell by 41% from 897 to 525;
The total number of child casualties (all severities) fell by 32% from 4,047 to 2,745;
Child pedestrian killed fell from 26 to 12;
Child pedestrians killed and seriously injured casualties fell by 46% from 624 to 338;
The total number of child pedestrian casualties fell by 41% from 2,199 to 1,294;
The estimated number of drink-drive accidents fell by 19%, from about 990 (in 1991) to roughly
800 (in 2001 the latest year for which estimates are available), and the estimated number of
people killed in such accidents fell from about 80 to around 70 in the same period;
The estimated total cost of all road accidents (including "damage only" accidents) at 2002 prices
fell by 31%, from 1,942 million to 1,344 million.
Over the longer-term:
Between 1952 and 2002 (inclusive), almost 31,400 people were killed, and a total of about 1.326
million people were either killed or injured, in accidents on Scotland's roads;
In 1962 (the earliest year for which a figure is readily available), there were roughly 775,000
vehicles licensed in Scotland, whereas in 2002 the vehicle population stood at 2.330 million.
Over the same period, the number of casualties fell from about 26,700 to around 19,200. Thus,
whilst the vehicle stock has more than trebled, the number of casualties has actually fallen by over
a quarter.
15
Summary chart 2
Summary
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-
7
1
1
9
6
9
-
7
3
1
9
7
1
-
7
5
1
9
7
3
-
7
7
1
9
7
5
-
7
9
1
9
7
7
-
8
1
1
9
7
9
-
8
3
1
9
8
1
-
8
5
1
9
8
3
-
8
7
1
9
8
5
-
8
9
1
9
8
7
-
9
1
1
9
8
9
-
9
3
1
9
9
1
-
9
5
1
9
9
3
-
9
7
1
9
9
5
-
9
9
1
9
9
7
-
0
1
All
Slight
Killed & Serious
Serious
Killed
Casualties: 5 year moving average (1947/51 to 1998/02)
16
Summary road accident and casualty statistics: 1992 to 2002
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Accidents
Fatal 426 359 319 361 316 340 339 285 297 309 275
Fatal & serious 4,694 4,010 4,643 4,432 3,631 3,652 3,657 3,494 3,303 3,146 2,944
All severities 18,008 16,686 16,768 16,534 16,073 16,646 16,519 15,416 15,120 14,722 14,317
Accidents on built-up
(1)
roads
Fatal 167 129 102 124 111 89 116 95 93 91 71
Fatal & serious 2,753 2,270 2,769 2,633 2,043 1,988 2,000 1,936 1,766 1,646 1,591
All severities 12,165 10,994 11,402 11,123 10,710 10,920 10,743 9,989 9,766 9,434 9,166
Accidents on non built-up
(1)
roads
Fatal 259 230 217 237 205 251 223 190 204 218 204
Fatal & serious 1,941 1,740 1,874 1,799 1,588 1,664 1,657 1,558 1,537 1,500 1,353
All severities 5,843 5,692 5,366 5,411 5,363 5,726 5,776 5,427 5,354 5,288 5,151
Drink-drive accidents and casualties
(2)
Accidents 860 840 790 790 750 790 740 750 780 800 ..
Casualties (all severities) 1,230 1,280 1,170 1,210 1,170 1,220 1,090 1,110 1,150 1,190 ..
Killed 60 60 80 50 50 40 50 60 40 70 ..
Killed by mode of transport
Pedestrian 161 127 111 121 106 87 96 89 72 76 73
Pedal cycle 12 18 5 11 15 9 13 8 12 10 8
Motor cycle 38 33 24 33 29 37 33 30 39 49 46
Car 221 198 197 221 185 219 223 169 183 194 155
Other (eg taxi, bus, good 31 23 26 23 22 25 20 14 20 19 23
All modes of transport 463 399 363 409 357 377 385 310 326 348 305
Killed or seriously injured casualties by mode
Pedestrian 1,744 1,450 1,647 1,587 1,279 1,211 1,156 1,143 996 917 886
Pedal cycle 222 232 316 292 216 210 210 189 176 171 150
Motor cycle 491 400 353 395 300 358 371 431 474 454 457
Car 2,749 2,388 2,804 2,653 2,293 2,365 2,390 2,004 1,979 1,950 1,775
Other (eg taxi, bus, good 433 383 451 412 310 280 330 308 268 263 250
All modes of transport 5,639 4,853 5,571 5,339 4,398 4,424 4,457 4,075 3,893 3,755 3,518
All casualties by mode, by sex and by age
Pedestrian 5,350 4,716 4,730 4,635 4,326 4,155 4,077 3,763 3,602 3,406 3,309
Pedal cycle 1,293 1,192 1,384 1,323 1,297 1,272 1,140 1,017 882 916 828
Motor cycle 1,237 1,105 930 971 850 948 976 1,025 1,128 1,177 1,164
Car 13,555 12,899 12,927 12,974 13,033 14,034 13,834 12,906 12,651 12,288 11,822
Other (eg taxi, bus, good 2,738 2,503 2,602 2,291 2,210 2,220 2,440 2,292 2,245 2,119 2,125
All modes of transport 24,173 22,415 22,573 22,194 21,716 22,629 22,467 21,003 20,508 19,906 19,248
Male 14,219 12,844 13,122 12,874 12,367 12,788 12,707 11,889 11,529 11,302 11,071
Female 9,954 9,571 9,451 9,320 9,349 9,841 9,760 9,114 8,954 8,576 8,164
Child: 0 - 15 4,047 3,691 4,163 3,935 3,827 3,798 3,535 3,196 3,000 2,920 2,745
Young adult: 16-22 5,382 4,541 4,511 4,274 4,262 4,314 4,170 3,968 3,592 3,703 3,582
Adult: 23-59 11,912 11,466 11,391 11,414 11,081 12,017 12,268 11,504 11,496 10,926 10,651
Older adults: 60+ 2,832 2,717 2,508 2,571 2,546 2,500 2,494 2,291 2,339 2,288 2,220
Child killed by mode of transport
Pedestrian 26 21 18 16 16 15 18 17 13 14 12
Pedal cycle 7 6 4 3 6 1 3 1 4 4 -
Car 6 9 10 11 3 9 9 6 4 2 2
Other (eg m/c, taxi, bus.. 2 3 5 - 2 1 2 1 - - -
All modes of transport 41 39 37 30 27 26 32 25 21 20 14
Child killed or seriously injured casualties by mode
Pedestrian 624 515 674 638 540 505 455 430 378 353 338
Pedal cycle 91 85 144 113 100 78 64 69 65 56 46
Car 144 143 161 153 118 138 153 108 94 109 111
Other (eg m/c, taxi, bus.. 38 33 50 46 32 24 26 18 24 25 30
All modes of transport 897 776 1,029 950 790 745 698 625 561 543 525
All child casualties by mode
Pedestrian 2,199 1,982 2,078 2,048 1,909 1,894 1,762 1,617 1,486 1,475 1,294
Pedal cycle 539 468 629 550 571 518 415 374 330 307 277
Car 1,034 993 1,066 1,059 1,047 1,180 1,117 981 965 947 928
Other (eg m/c, taxi, bus.. 275 248 390 278 300 206 241 224 219 191 246
All modes of transport 4,047 3,691 4,163 3,935 3,827 3,798 3,535 3,196 3,000 2,920 2,745
Accident costs ( million)
(
1,942.1 1,715.5 1,775.7 1,786.1 1,588.0 1,636.2 1,643.9 1,468.6 1,450.1 1,440.2 1,344.5
1. "Built-up" roads have a speed limit of up to 40mph; "Non built-up" roads have a speed limit of over 40mph
2. Estimates, adjusted for under-reporting as described in the text accompanying Table 22. The latest year's estimates are not yet available.
3. Estimated total costs (including "damage only" accidents) at 2001 prices, calculated as described in the text accompanying Tables 9 to 12.
17
Summary of accidents and casualties by police force area, council and severity: 2002
Accidents Casualties Child casualties
Fatal Serious Slight Total Killed Serious Slight Total All severities
Northern 25 176 543 744 27 231 850 1,108 138
Highland 21 145 462 628 23 190 714 927 110
Orkney Islands - 7 33 40 - 9 54 63 10
Shetland Islands 2 9 17 28 2 13 25 40 6
Eilean Siar 2 15 31 48 2 19 57 78 12
Grampian 45 207 891 1,143 50 263 1,219 1,532 176
Aberdeen City 6 58 327 391 6 64 409 479 52
Aberdeenshire 29 112 441 582 32 150 637 819 92
Moray 10 37 123 170 12 49 173 234 32
Tayside 23 255 890 1,168 27 314 1,242 1,583 252
Dundee City 3 60 296 359 3 71 399 473 99
Angus 6 78 279 363 7 89 406 502 93
Perth & Kinross 14 117 315 446 17 154 437 608 60
Fife 26 187 527 740 29 249 802 1,080 145
Lothian & Borders 33 425 2,592 3,050 38 498 3,387 3,923 523
Edinburgh, City of 11 196 1,447 1,654 12 209 1,755 1,976 261
West Lothian 5 52 435 492 5 62 596 663 100
Midlothian 3 42 185 230 3 58 258 319 56
East Lothian 5 36 183 224 9 52 272 333 51
Scottish Borders 9 99 342 450 9 117 506 632 55
Central 21 193 528 742 24 230 734 988 114
Clackmannanshire 3 29 64 96 4 40 90 134 23
Stirling 7 83 214 304 8 99 297 404 40
Falkirk 11 81 250 342 12 91 347 450 51
Strathclyde 88 1,146 5,070 6,304 92 1,318 7,036 8,446 1,313
Glasgow, City 13 365 1,753 2,131 13 379 2,277 2,669 392
Argyll & Bute 8 81 200 289 8 124 325 457 69
West Dunbartonshire 1 42 200 243 1 48 249 298 52
East Dunbartonshire 1 37 186 224 1 39 255 295 50
Inverclyde 3 34 160 197 3 35 246 284 39
Renfrewshire 6 85 388 479 6 91 541 638 98
East Renfrewshire 2 30 100 132 2 40 146 188 27
North Lanarkshire 15 122 666 803 15 140 966 1,121 194
South Lanarkshire 17 146 701 864 18 171 996 1,185 195
North Ayrshire 4 64 262 330 4 74 345 423 71
East Ayrshire 9 69 235 313 11 81 343 435 67
South Ayrshire 9 71 219 299 10 96 347 453 59
Dumfries & Galloway 14 80 332 426 18 110 460 588 84
Scotland 275 2,669 11,373 14,317 305 3,213 15,730 19,248 2,745
of which:
Built up roads 71 1,520 7,575 9,166 74 1,636 9,684 11,394 2,088
Non- built up roads 204 1,149 3,798 5,151 231 1,577 6,046 7,854 657
18
Commentary
19
Figure 1 Accidents by severity, 1966 to 2002
Accidents Traffic
Numbers million
vehicle
kilometres
(1) The traffic figures for 1993 to 2001 (inclusive) differ from those which were available previously,
as DfT has revised its method of estimating traffic volumes for 1993 onwards - for details see
"Scottish Transport Statistics" .
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001
Fatal & Serious accidents
All injury accidents
Traffic - M and A roads
Traffic all roads
20
Commentary
1. Trends in the numbers of Road Accidents and Casualties
1.1 Main Points
Table 1 provides figures for the population of Scotland, the numbers of vehicles licensed, the total
road length in Scotland, the volume of traffic on both major roads (motorways and A roads) and on
all roads, the numbers of injury road accidents, the numbers of vehicles involved and the numbers of
casualties. The numbers of injury road accidents were first recorded separately in 1966, while the
numbers of casualties are available back to 1938. Information on the severities of the accidents, and
of the injuries suffered by the casualties, is provided in Table 2. Figure 1 shows the trends since
1966 in the numbers of injury road accidents, and Figure 2 to 4 show the trends since 1950 for the
numbers of casualties.
The numbers of injury road accidents have fallen in most of the past ten years. In 2002, the number
of fatal accidents fell to the lowest number since the current records of their numbers began in 1970.
The number of serious injury accidents in 2002 (2,669) fell by 168 to the lowest number since the
records of serious accidents began in 1970. The number of slight injury accidents (11,373) in
2002 was 2% less than in the previous year, and also the lowest number since current records began
in 1970.
The number of people killed in road accidents in Scotland in 2002 was 305, 43 (12%) less than in
2001. The 2002 figure was the lowest for more than 50 years.
There were 3,213 people recorded as seriously injured in road accidents in 2002, 194 (6%) fewer
than in 2001. This was the lowest number since records of the numbers of serious injuries began in
1950.
In 2002, 15,730 people were recorded as slightly injured. This is the lowest figure recorded since
1955, and was 421 (3%) fewer than in 2001.
The total number of casualties in 2002 was 19,248. This was 658 (3%) less than in 2001, and was
the lowest figure for more than 45 years.
The reductions in the numbers of accidents and casualties in recent years are even more significant
given that (for example) in 2002 the number of vehicles licensed in Scotland was about a quarter
higher than in 1993 and that traffic on Scottish roads was estimated to have grown by about a sixth
since 1993.
1.2 Accidents
In 1966 there were just over 23,200 injury road accidents and the annual total remained around this
level until 1973. Numbers then dropped considerably in 1974 and 1975 to about 20,600. This was
the time of a fuel crisis when a national speed limit of 50 mph was introduced and the volume of
traffic in Great Britain fell by 3% in 1974. Accident numbers increased again in 1976 and reached a
peak of nearly 23,100 in 1979.
In the early 1980s numbers began to fall, and did so particularly sharply in 1983 when the total
number of injury accidents fell by 7% in a single year to 19,400, serious accidents fell by 13% to just
over 6,400, and fatal accidents fell by 11% to 568. The year 1983 was when the 1981 Transport Act
came into force and changed the law relating to drink driving, with the introduction of evidential
21
Figure 2
Figure 3
Killed casualties - from 1950
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1950 1953 1956 1959 1962 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001
Killed & Serious casualties and
Seriously injured casualties - from 1950
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
1950 1953 1956 1959 1962 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001
Killed & Serious casualties Seriously injured casualties
22
breath testing. Compulsory front seat belt wearing and new procedures for licensing learner motor
cyclists were also introduced in 1983. After 1983 the total number of injury accidents increased
again to over 20,600 in 1985, and the number of serious accidents rose to just over 6,500 while fatal
accidents continued to fall.
By 1987 the total number of injury accidents had fallen to under 18,700, but in 1989 it was up again
to just over 20,600. 1989 was the most recent peak in the total number of injury accidents. Since
1989, the total number of injury accidents has fallen in 10 out of 13 years, and in 2002 it was at the
lowest level ever recorded. The 2002 figure of 14,317 was 3% less than in 2001.
Since the late 1980s, the number of fatal accidents has fallen considerably from 517 in 1987 to 275
in 2002. For serious accidents, the trend has also been downwards. The number of serious accidents
has fallen from (for example) 5,814 in 1989 to 2,669 in 2002, the lowest number ever recorded. The
numbers of slight accidents have not changed as much over the years: while sometimes rising and
sometimes falling, they remained between 12,000 and 15,000 throughout the period from 1970 to
1998. The most recent "peak" level was 14,443 in 1990. However, they fell below 12,000 in 1999,
and the 2002 figure of 11,373 was the lowest since slight accident numbers were first recorded in
1970.
1.3 Casualties
As the numbers of accidents have fallen, so have the numbers of casualties. Therefore, this section
does not repeat the previous sections detailed analysis of how the numbers have changed.
Numbers killed
The number of people killed in road accidents in Scotland in 2002 was 305. This was the lowest
figure for more than 50 years. With a few exceptions, there has been a fall in each year since 1978,
and for most of that period the figures show a clear, steady long-term downward trend, particularly
between 1982 and 1994. Since then, the numbers appear to have been fluctuating around a less
pronounced downwards trend. The number in 2002 was 13% below the average for the previous five
years (349).
Numbers seriously injured
There were 3,213 people recorded as seriously injured in road accidents in 2002: 194 (6%) fewer
than in 2001. The 2002 figure is the lowest number since the current records of the numbers of
serious injuries began in 1950. The long term trend shows that the number of serious casualties
peaked in the early 1970's at around 10,000 and has generally been falling since the early 1980's.
However, there has been some fluctuation around the long-term downwards trend, and there
appeared to be a levelling-off when the figures for 1996, 1997 and 1998 were all around 4,050. But
the number of people seriously injured in 2002 was about 840 below that level, so it appears that the
downward trend has resumed.
Numbers slightly injured
There were 15,730 people recorded as slightly injured in 2002: 421 (3%) fewer than in 2001, and the
lowest number since 1955. Between 1970 and 1990, the figures fluctuated in a range which was
broadly 17,000 to 21,000. The fall between 1990 and 1995 in the number of people with slight
injuries, followed by an apparent levelling-off at around 17-18,000 in each of the years from 1996 to
1999, could have been a continuation of that pattern. However, the figures for 2000, 2001 and 2002
were all below the bottom of that range and are suggesting a downward trend.
23
All casualties and
Slightly injured casualties - from 1950
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
1950 1953 1956 1959 1962 1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001
All casualties Slightly injured casualties
Figure 4
24
Total numbers of casualties
The total number of casualties (of all severities) in 2002 was 19,248, 658 (3%) fewer than in 2001.
This represented the lowest number of casualties since 1954. Between about 1970 and 1990, the
figures appeared to fluctuate greatly about a general downward trend. Subsequently, the total
number of casualties fell markedly from the level of the most recent "short-term" peak (which was
over 27,000 in both 1989 and 1990), before appearing to level off: the figures for each of the years
from 1993 to 1998 were all within about 600 (3%) of the average of around 22,330 for those six
years. However, as the totals for 1999 to 2002 were all under 21,100, it appears that the downward
trend has resumed.
Government targets for reductions in the numbers of road accident casualties.
In 1987 the Government adopted a target to reduce road casualties by one third from the 1981-85
annual average by the year 2000. The number of people killed on the roads in Scotland in 2000 was
49% below the 1981-85 average number of fatalities per year, and therefore the target of a one-third
reduction by the year 2000 was exceeded for fatalities. For seriously injured casualties, the 2000
figure was 57% below the 1981-85 average, so the target was bettered for seriously injured
casualties. However, the figure of 16,615 slight casualties in 2000 was only 9% below the 1981-85
average and so the target of a one-third reduction was not achieved for slight casualties. And, the
total number of casualties (of all severities) in 2000 was 24% below the 1981-85 average, and
therefore the target of a one-third reduction in the total number of casualties was not met.
In March 2000, the UK Government, the Scottish Executive and the National Assembly for Wales
announced a new national road safety strategy and casualty reduction targets for 2010. A separate
section on the casualty reduction targets for 2010 (which appears after this Commentary) provides
statistics related to these targets, plus a selection of key points. It contains charts and tables for each
of the three targets showing the main trends in casualty numbers in comparison to the 1994-98
baseline averages, and to the numbers that might be expected in each year if the targets were to be
achieved by means of a constant percentage reduction in each year.
2. Accidents
2.1 Accidents by road type and severity (see Table 4)
Table 4 shows separate figures for trunk roads and for local authority roads. Trunk roads accounted
for only small proportions of the total numbers of accidents in 2002: very roughly, around a third of
fatal accidents, around a sixth of the total of fatal and serious accidents, and around a seventh of all
accidents. The trunk road networks shares of accident numbers in previous years were broadly
similar.
When looking at changes over time in the numbers of accidents by type of road, one must remember
that the changes for different types of road will be affected by the transfer of traffic away from some
roads by the opening of city and town bypasses, and by the construction of new roads with higher
average traffic volumes. Therefore, such figures do not provide an accurate measure of the
comparative change in the road safety performance of different types of road.
Several changes were made to the trunk road network with effect from 1st April 1996. Annex E
refers to them, and explains why the 1994-98 averages for trunk roads and for local authority major
roads have been calculated by counting accidents which occurred prior to 1st April 1996 on the basis
of whether they occurred on roads which were part of the post- 1 April 1996 trunk road network.
25
2.2 Accident rates (see Table 5)
Accident rates showing the number of accidents per 100 million vehicle kilometres are contained in
parts B and C of table 5. These are calculated by dividing the numbers of accidents on each type of
road by the estimated volumes of traffic on those roads, which were provided by the Department for
Transport, and which are available for all types of road with effect from 1993.
Accident rates have fallen markedly since the early 1990s. The overall fatal accident rate has
dropped from 0.82 per 100 million vehicle kilometres in 1993 to 0.53 in 2002; the "fatal and serious"
accident rate fell from 9.13 to 5.69; and the overall accident rate (all severities) reduced from 37.98
per 100 million vehicle kilometres to 27.67. Motorways had consistently lower accident rates than A
roads. Leaving aside the relatively low rate for fatal accidents, minor roads (taken together as a
group) tend to have higher accident rates than major roads, and accident rates tend to be higher for
"built-up" roads (roads with speed limits of up to 40mph) than for "non built-up" roads (ones with
higher speed limits).
Estimates for the total volume of traffic by police force area are now available for all roads back to
1993 on a consistent basis. Part C of the table shows that estimated accident rates vary considerably
by police force area. Some of this variation may be attributed to the distribution of traffic by road
type within individual areas. The accident rates were calculated by dividing the total number of
accidents which occurred in each five year period by the total of the estimated volumes of traffic for
the same period.
2.3 Accidents by month by road type (see Table 6)
The numbers of injury accidents over the years 1998-2002 were fairly evenly spread throughout the
year, with a minor peak in November, which was 13% above the average monthly number of
accidents. Fatal and serious accidents (taken together) were similarly well spread across the months,
and their minor peak, which occurred in August, was 16% above the monthly average. (To allow
more equitable comparisons the months are standardised to 30 days.)
On average, there were 25 fatal accidents per month in the years 1998 to 2002. The number did not
vary greatly between the months: the lowest average was 21, and the highest was 31.
2.4 Accidents by light condition and road surface condition (see Table 7)
The severity of accidents is associated with the light and road surface conditions, and also with
whether the accident occurs on a built-up road or on a non built-up road. Presumably, because of the
higher average speeds on non built-up roads, severity rates are higher on non built-up roads than on
built-up roads. And presumably, because of poorer visibility, severity rates are higher in darkness
than in daylight. For example, taking the annual averages for 1998-2002, 4.7% of injury road
accidents on non built-up roads in darkness (75 out of 1,588) resulted in one (or more) deaths
compared with 1.5% of accidents on built-up roads in darkness (42 out of 2,732) and 3.5% of
accidents on non built-up roads in daylight (133 out of 3,812). Similarly, the percentage of accidents
classified as either fatal or serious is higher for non built-up roads in darkness than for either built-up
roads in darkness or non built-up roads in daylight.
Severity rates did not appear to be higher when the road surface condition was wet, damp or flooded,
or affected by snow, frost or ice. For example, taking the annual averages for 1998 to 2002, the
percentage of accidents on non built-up roads classified as fatal or serious when the road surface
condition was dry was 31.2% (737 out of 2,362) compared with 26.7% (688 out of 2,578) when the
surface was wet and 19.6% (84 out of 428) when it was affected by snow, frost or ice.
26
3. Motorists, breath testing and drink-driving
3.1 Car driver accident rates (see Table 18)
All car drivers involved in injury accidents are included in this table, whether they were injured or
not, on the basis of whatever information is known about their ages and their sex. For example,
someone whose sex was known, but whose age was not known, will be included in the all ages
total for the appropriate sex. The grand total includes those for whom neither the age nor the sex
was known.
As the car driver accident rates that are shown for each sex and age group are on a per head of
population basis, rather than being based upon the numbers of driving licence holders or upon the
distance driven, they can provide only a general indication of the relative accident rates for each
group. The statistics do not provide a measure of the relative risk of each group as car drivers,
because they do not take account of the differing levels of car driving by each group.
Car driver accident rates per head of population vary markedly by age and sex. In 2002, the overall
rate was 4.3 per thousand population aged 17+. The peak occurs for males in the 17-22 age group,
with a rate of 10.3 per thousand population in 2002. This rate is more than double that for females of
the same age (4.3 per thousand in 2002), and is almost double the rate for males aged 30-59 (5.7 per
thousand in 2002).
The overall male car driver accident rate in 2002 (5.8 per thousand) was less than in the previous
year, and this was the case for each group apart from the 60+ age group, for whom the rate increased
from 2.9 to 3.0 per thousand population. The overall female car driver accident rate in 2002 (2.9 per
thousand) was a reduction on the previous year, and this was the case for each group apart from the
60+ for whom the rate did not change.
Between 1992 and 2002, the male car driver accident rate fell from 7.8 to 5.8 per thousand
population, whereas the female car driver accident rate remained around 3.0 per thousand population
(with some year-to-year fluctuations). As a result, the overall, ratio of male to female car driver
accident rates has fallen from 2.7 : 1 for 1992 to 2.0 : 1 in 2002.
3.2 Breath testing of drivers (see Tables 19, 20 and 21)
These tables cover all motorists who were known to be involved in injury road accidents (the figures
do not include, for example, those involved in hit and run accidents who were not traced). For
these tables, a motorist is defined as the driver or the rider of a motor vehicle, including (e.g.) a
motorcyclist.
In 2002, 63% of motorists involved in accidents were asked for a breath test (the percentage varied
among the police forces, from about 46% to around 83%). The breath test proved positive (or the
motorist refused to take the test) for 3.5% of those drivers breathalysed. This represented 2.2% of
the total number of motorists involved (including those who were not asked for a breath test). While
these percentages have not changed much in the past five years, the number of positive / refused
breath test cases fell from 548 in 1998 to 506 in 2002.
Tables 20 and 21 show the figures for each time of day on different days of the week (Table 20 gives
the averages for 1998 to 2002), and for a number of years (Table 21). In 2002, 42% of the positive /
refused cases occurred between 9 p.m. and 3 a.m.: 83 between 9 p.m. and midnight, plus 129
between midnight and 3 a.m., out of a total of 506. The number of positive / refused cases,
expressed as a percentage of motorists involved in accidents, was highest (at 15 16%) between
midnight and 6 a.m., but varied depending upon the day of the week, from 9.2% (the average for 3
a.m. to 6 a.m. for Mondays to Thursdays) to 21.4% (3 a.m. to 6 a.m. on Sundays), using 1998 to
27
2002 averages. The period from 9 p.m. to midnight had the second highest number of positive /
refused cases, but the equivalent percentages were not as high (varying between about 4% and 8%),
because between 9 p.m. and midnight there were many more accidents than between midnight and 3
a.m.
3.3 Drink-drive accidents and casualties (see Table 22)
Table 22 shows the estimates (made by the Department for Transport) of the numbers of injury road
accidents involving illegal alcohol levels. They are higher than the number of drivers with positive
breath test results (or who refused to take the breath test) because they include allowances for the
numbers of cases where drivers were not breath tested because of the severity of their injuries, or
because they left the scene of the accident. Information about the blood alcohol levels of road users
who died within 12 hours of being injured in a road accident is supplied by the Procurators Fiscal.
The estimates show that the numbers of drink-drive accidents and casualties fell by 19% and 21%
respectively between 1991 and 2001 (the latest year for which estimates are available): from about
990 to roughly 800 (accidents) and from around 1,510 to some 1,190 (casualties). While fluctuating
from year to year, the number of people killed as a result of drink-drive accidents is estimated to
have fallen from about 80 in 1991 to around 70 in 2001. The number of serious casualties is
estimated to have dropped by around two fifths (from roughly 400 in 1991 to some 250 in 2001).
4. Casualties
4.1 Casualties by type of road (see Table 23)
In 2002, non built-up roads accounted for two-fifths of the total number of casualties (41%: 7,854
out of 19,248). However, presumably because average speeds are higher on non built-up roads than
elsewhere, they accounted for over three quarters of those killed (76%: 231 out of 305) and for over
half of the total number of killed and seriously injured combined (51%: 1,808 out of 3,518).
Compared with 1992, the fall in the total number of casualties has been greater for built-up roads
(23%) than elsewhere (16%), and the difference between the two types of road is even greater for the
numbers killed (down by 56% for built-up roads compared with 22% elsewhere). However, over the
years, some traffic will have been transferred away from built-up roads by the opening of city and
town bypasses, and by the construction of non built-up roads with higher average traffic volumes.
Therefore, these figures do not provide an accurate measure of the comparative change in the road
safety performance of built-up and non built-up roads.
4.2 Casualties by mode of transport (see Table 23)
A total of 11,822 car users were injured in road accidents in 2002, representing 61% of all casualties.
Of these car users, 155 died. There were 3,309 pedestrian casualties (17% of the total), of whom 73
died, 828 pedal cycle casualties (4% of the total), of whom 8 died, and 1,164 motorcycle casualties
(6% of the total), of whom 46 died. Because of the numbers of car user, pedestrian, pedal cyclist
and motor cyclist casualties, the figures for each of these four groups of road users are the subject of
separate sections, which follow this one, and are followed by a section on child casualties, which
gives details of their modes of transport.
Together, all the modes of transport other than the four mentioned above accounted for 2,125
casualties in 2002 (11% of the total), and for smaller percentages of the numbers of killed and
seriously injured. These included 859 bus and coach users injured in 2002, of whom 59 suffered
serious injuries (none died) - these low proportions presumably being due to the greater protection of
their passengers by buses and coaches. There were also 390 casualties who were travelling in light
28
goods vehicles, 369 people in heavy goods vehicles, 248 users of taxis, 114 users of minibuses and
145 people with another means of transport.
4.3 Car user casualties
A total of 11,822 car users were injured in road accidents in 2002, representing 61% of all casualties.
Of these people, a total of 1,775 were either killed or seriously injured, 155 of whom died. Non
built-up roads accounted for a little over half of all car user casualties (53%: 6,280 out of 11,822).
Presumably because average speeds are higher on non-built up roads, they accounted for much
higher percentages of the total numbers of car users who were killed (91%: 141 out of 155) or were
killed or seriously injured (72%: 1,280 out of 1,775). (see Table 23)
The number of car users killed in 2002 was 20% less than the 2001 figure, the number who were
killed or seriously injured fell by 9% and in the total number of casualties of all severities was down
by 4%. Since 1992, the number killed has dropped by 30%, and there have been falls of 35% in the
number who were killed or seriously injured and of 13% in the total number of car user casualties.
(see Table 23)
Looking at annual averages over the years 1998-2002, the killed and seriously injured casualty rate
for 16-22 year old car users was 1.12 per thousand population. This was much higher than the rate
for car users in the older age groups, which varied from 0.27 to 0.66 per thousand population . (see
Table 32)
On average, over the years 1998-2002, about three-quarters of car user fatalities occurred on roads
with a speed limit of 60mph. Such roads accounted for about two thirds of those car users who were
killed or seriously injured, but for only around two fifths of the total number of car user casualties (of
all severities). (see Table 33)
Adult car users
On weekdays, the peak time for adult car user casualties was from 4pm to 6pm. The 5pm to 6pm
average of 739 (the annual average for the years 1998-2002) was 22% higher than the average of 605
in the morning 8am to 9am peak. (see Table 28)
Adult car user casualties varied by month, with fewer in the period between March and May
(inclusive) and more between October and December. The peak month was November, which had
31% more adult car user casualties than the lowest month, March (annual averages over the years
1998-2002; months standardised to 30 days). (see Table 29)
Friday had the peak numbers of adult car user casualties over the years 1998-2002 with 17% more
than the average daily number of adult car user casualties. (see Table 30)
4.4 Pedestrian casualties
There were 3,309 pedestrian casualties in 2002: 17% of all casualties. Of these, 886 were killed or
seriously injured (73 died). Presumably because of the greater vulnerability of pedestrians, a high
proportion (25%) of the total number of people who were killed or seriously injured were
pedestrians. In addition, 27% of pedestrian casualties were fatally or seriously injured (886 out of
3,309) compared with 18% of all casualties (3,518 out of 19,248). About 95% of pedestrian
casualties occurred on built-up roads (3,136 out of 3,309). Perhaps because of higher average speeds
on non built-up roads, 45% of the pedestrian casualties on such roads were killed or seriously injured
(78 out of 173) compared with 26% on built-up roads (808 out of 3,136). (see Table 23)
Both the number of pedestrians killed and seriously injured and the overall number of pedestrian
casualties in 2002 were 3% less than in 2001. Since 1992, the number of pedestrians killed has
fallen by 55%, the number who were killed or seriously injured has dropped by 49%, and there has
29
been a 38% reduction in the total number of pedestrian casualties. Looking at the annual average for
the period 1998 to 2002, the pedestrian fatality rate was higher for those aged 70+ (0.04 per thousand
population) than for any other age-group. However, the 12-15 age-group had the highest killed and
serious and all severities pedestrian casualty rates (0.51 and 2.02 per thousand population,
respectively). The corresponding casualty rates for the 5-11 age-group were only slightly lower.
(see Tables 23 & 32)
The overall pedestrian all severities casualty rate for males was 0.91 per thousand population,
compared with 0.54 per thousand for females, using the averages for the period 1998 to 2002. (see
Table 34)
Adult pedestrian casualties
On average, in the period 1998 to 2002, on weekdays, the peak time for adult pedestrian casualties
was from 4pm to 6pm; at weekends it was from midnight to 2am. (see Table 28)
December was the peak month for adult pedestrian casualties, with 40% more than the monthly
average. Adult pedestrian casualties in the four winter months, November to February, were 25%
more than the monthly average (annual averages over the years 1998-2002; months standardised to
30 days). (see Table 29)
Friday has the highest number of adult pedestrian casualties; 22% more than the daily average over
the period 1998 to 2002. (see Table 30)
In 2002, 10% of adult pedestrian casualties involved in single vehicle accidents were recorded as
crossing the road within 50 metres of a pedestrian crossing, 1% were within the zig-zag around the
crossing, and 10% were recorded as being on a pedestrian crossing. (see Table 35)
4.5 Pedal Cycle Casualties
There were 828 pedal cycle casualties in 2002, 10% less than the previous year. The combined total
of killed and seriously injured pedal cycle casualties in 2002 was 150, 12% less than in 2001. There
were 8 pedal cycle fatalities in 2002, two fewer than in 2001. Since 1992 there has been a 36%
reduction in all pedal cycle casualties, the number who were killed or seriously injured has fallen by
32%, and the number of fatalities has fluctuated between 5 and 18. 88% of pedal cycle casualties in
2002 were on built-up roads. (see Table 23)
In terms of the averages for the period 1998 to 2002, the pedal cycle casualty rate per head of
population was highest for those aged 12-15 (0.52 per thousand population). The other age groups
with above-average casualty rates were: 5-11, 16-22, 23-29 and 30-39. Of course, it must be
remembered that, as noted earlier, per capita casualty rates do not provide a measure of the relative
risk, because they do not take account of the levels of usage of (in this case) pedal cycles. (see Table
32)
Adult pedal cycle casualties
Using the averages for the period 1998 to 2002, on weekdays, the peak numbers of adult pedal cycle
casualties were from 4pm to 6pm and from 7 am to 9 am. At weekends the numbers were smaller,
and there was no clear peak. (see Table 28)
The peak month of the year for adult pedal cycle casualties was August, which was 35% more than
the monthly average (1998-2002 annual averages, standardised to 30 days). (see Table 29)
The days of the week with the peak numbers of adult pedal cycle casualties were Tuesday and
Wednesday, 25% higher than the daily average, over the years 1998-2002. There were substantially
30
fewer adult pedal cycle casualties on Saturday and Sunday, with 38% and 42% less than the daily
average respectively. (see Table 30)
4.6 Motorcyclist casualties
A total of 1,164 motorcyclists were injured in road accidents in 2002, representing 6% of all
casualties. Of these, 457 were either killed or seriously injured, of whom 46 died. Under half of all
motorcyclist casualties occurred on non built-up roads but (presumably because of their higher
average speeds) such roads accounted for about three-fifths of those killed or seriously injured, and
over four-fifths of those killed. (see Table 23)
The number of motorcyclist casualties in 2002 was 1% less than in the previous year. The number
killed also fell by 6% - but there was a rise of 1% in the number who were killed or seriously injured.
Over the period since 1992, the total number of motorcyclist casualties at first fell (from 1,237 in
1992 to 850 in 1996) before rising in each of the next five years. The figure for all casualties in 2002
was 6% lower than in 1992. However, 8 more motorcyclists died in 2002 than in 1992. (see Table
23)
On average, over the years 1998 to 2002, the motorcyclist casualty rate was highest for the 16-22
year old age group (0.49 per thousand population), closely followed by the 23-29 and 30-39 age
groups (both 0.48 per thousand population). Other age-groups had much smaller casualty rates. (see
Table 32)
Looking at the averages for the period 1998 to 2002, the peak time of day for motorcyclist casualties
was 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. on weekdays (See Table 28), the peak month of the year was August, with
relatively high numbers in the other months from May to September (see Table 29) and there were
more casualties on Sundays than on any of the other days (see Table 30)
4.7 Child casualties
There were 2,745 child casualties in 2002, representing a seventh of the total number of casualties of
all ages (14%: 2,745 out of 19,248). Of the child casualties, 525 were killed or seriously injured, of
whom 14 died (see Table 24).
The number of child fatalities in 2002 was six fewer than in 2001 and there were falls of 3% and 6%
respectively in the number of children killed or seriously injured and in the total number of child
casualties. Since 1998, the number of children killed has fallen by eighteen, there has been a
reduction of 25% in child killed and seriously injured casualties, and a 22% fall in the total number
of child casualties. (see Table 25)
In terms of the averages for the period 1998 to 2002, on weekdays, the peak time for child casualties
was from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m., with 28% of all weekday casualties in those two hours. A further 28%
occurred in the three hours between 5 p.m. and 8 p.m.. There was a smaller peak in the morning,
between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m.. There was no real clear peak at weekends: the numbers of casualties
were very broadly the same each hour from 1 p.m. to 7 p.m.. (see Table 27)
August was the peak month for child casualties, with 21% more than in an average month. May had
10% more than an average month, and September 6% more (1998-2002 annual averages,
standardised to 30 days). (see Table 29)
Using the averages for 1998 to 2002, Friday was the peak day of the week for child casualties, with
21% more than an average day. Sunday, on the other hand, had 21% fewer than an average day. (see
Table 30)
31
Child casualties by mode of transport
In 2002, there were 1,294 child pedestrian casualties. They accounted for 39% of all pedestrian
casualties of all ages (1,294 out of 3,309). Of the child pedestrian casualties, 338 were killed or
seriously injured (12 died). (see Table 24)
There were 277 child pedal cycle casualties in 2002 (33% of the total of 828 pedal cycle casualties of
all ages). The child pedal cycle casualties included 46 killed and seriously injured, of whom none
died. (see Table 24)
In 2002, there were 928 child casualties in cars, 8% of the total number of car user casualties of all
ages (928 out of 11,822). Of the child casualties in cars, 111 were killed or seriously injured (2
died). (see Tables 23 & 25)
Child casualty rates (per head of population)
Childrens casualty rates (per head of population) increase with age: for children aged 0-4 the rate
was 1.53 per thousand population (the average for the period 1998 to 2002), whereas it was 3.53 per
thousand for those aged 5-11 and for the 12-15 age group it was 4.22 per thousand. The pedestrian
casualty rate for younger children (0-4 years) was only about a third of those for 5-11 and 12-15 year
olds. (see Table 32)
The pedestrian casualty rate for boys in the 5-11 age group was almost twice that for girls, but for
12-15 year olds the gap was less marked (1.74 per thousand females and 2.28 per thousand males).
The difference between the sexes was even more pronounced in the case of the driver or rider
casualty rates, particularly for the 12-15 age group. (see Table 34)
Child pedestrian casualty rates in 2002 for killed and seriously injured (combined) and for all
severities, at 0.40 and 1.56 per thousand child population respectively, were roughly double the
corresponding rates for pedestrian casualties of all ages. (see Table 32)
5. Comparisons of Scottish figures against those of other countries
5.1 Casualty rates: against England & Wales (see Tables A to D on the pages which follow)
Historically, the killed and killed and seriously injured casualty rates per head of population in
Scotland have been above those for England & Wales, whereas the all severities casualty rate has
been lower in Scotland than in England & Wales. In 2002, Scotlands casualty rates were 1% higher
(killed), 2% higher (killed and serious) and 30% lower (all severities). In all three cases, this
represented an improvement in the position in Scotland relative to that in England & Wales
(compared with 1994-98).
For years, the Scottish child casualty rates per head of population have been higher than those of
England & Wales for killed and seriously injured and slightly lower for all severities. The
(relatively low) rate per head of population for killed used to be higher in Scotland but in 2002 was
below that of England and Wales. In 2002, the Scottish rates were 8% lower (killed), 40% higher
(killed and seriously injured) and 6% lower (all severities). In all these cases, this represented an
improvement in Scotlands figures relative to England & Wales compared with the 1994-98 average.
It should be noted that the ratio of the fatality rates for Scotland and for England and Wales can
fluctuate markedly from year to year, particularly for the child fatality rates due to the relatively
small numbers in Scotland, (which may be subject to year-to-year changes which are large in
percentage terms). Therefore subsequent paragraphs do not refer to the fatality rates for children
using different modes of transport. In addition, it should be remembered that the rates for some other
32
sub-groups may be affected by year-to-year fluctuations: for example, the numbers are relatively
small for most categories of child "killed and seriously injured" casualties in Scotland.
The casualty rates of car users in Scotland have for many years been substantially higher than those
of England & Wales for "killed" and killed and seriously injured casualties, while for "all
severities" the rate has been much lower. In 2002, Scotlands car user fatality rate was only 2%
higher than that of England & Wales, the killed and seriously injured rate was 10% higher, while
the "all severity" car user rate was 33% lower. For child car users, the "killed and seriously injured"
rate was 49% higher in Scotland and the all severities rate was 18% less than that of England and
Wales.
In 2002, the pedestrian fatality rate per capita was 8% higher in Scotland than England & Wales, the
killed and seriously injured" rate in Scotland was 19% higher and the all severities rate was 3%
lower. The child pedestrian casualty rates in Scotland were much higher than those for England &
Wales: 48% higher ("killed and seriously injured") and 9% higher (all severities).
The casualty rates for pedal cyclists of all ages in Scotland were substantially lower than in England
& Wales in 2002 for "killed and seriously injured" (32% lower) and for "all severities" (47% lower).
The child pedal cycle casualty all severities rate was also lower in Scotland than in England &
Wales. These differences may reflect the fact that, according to the National Travel Survey, on
average, people in Scotland do not travel as far by bicycle as people in England and Wales.
Further information about the numbers of casualties in England and Wales, and for Great Britain as a
whole, can be found in "Road Casualties Great Britain 2002", which is published by the Department
for Transport.
5.2 Road deaths : international comparison 2001 (see Tables E and F)
This section compares Scotlands road death rates in 2001 with the fatality rates of some countries in
Western Europe and some developed countries world-wide. The comparisons involve a total of 30
countries (including Scotland, and counting England and Wales as one country, and Northern Ireland
as another country) and also figures for the European Union as a whole. The fatality rates were
calculated on a per capita basis (the statistics given are rates per million population), and the
countries were then listed in order of their fatality rates in Table E sections (a), (b) and (c). Section
(d) of the table ranks countries by a set of car user fatality rates which were calculated on a per
motor vehicle basis (the statistics given are rates per million motor vehicles).
The figures used for foreign countries were obtained in October 2003 from tables on the
International Road Traffic and Accident Database (IRTAD) Web site. The IRTAD Web site
address is
http://www.bast.de/htdocs/fachthemen/irtad//english/englisch.html .
In accordance with the commonly agreed international definition, most countries define a fatality as
being due to a road accident if death occurs within 30 days of the accident. However, the official
road accident statistics of some countries limit the fatalities to those occurring within shorter periods
after the accident. The numbers of deaths, and the death rates, which appear in the IRTAD tables
take account of the adjustment factors used by the Economic Commission for Europe and the
European Conference of Ministers of Transport to represent standardised 30-day numbers of deaths.
In 2001, Scotlands overall road death rate of 69 per million population was the sixth lowest of the
30 countries surveyed, and was only 65% of the EU average (which was 106 per million population).
33
However, Scotlands overall road safety position does not appear as good when the fatality rates of
pedestrians are considered separately. In 2001, Scotlands pedestrian fatality rate was 15 per million
population, the same as the EU average. Scotland ranked seventeenth of the 30 countries surveyed.
When the car user fatality rate is calculated on a per capita basis, Scotland has a low car user fatality
rate (39 per million population the seventh lowest). However, it may be argued that the car user
fatality rate should be calculated on per motor vehicle basis, in order to try to approximate better
the differing levels of car use in different countries, and hence reflect differences between countries
in car drivers exposure to risk. (Rates based on the amount of car traffic in each country would be
even better, but the data required to calculate them are not available for some countries.) When car
user fatality rates are calculated on a per motor vehicle basis, Scotlands car user fatality rate of 88
per million motor vehicles was the tenth best out of the 30 countries surveyed. The rate for England
and Wales was 57 per million motor vehicles, and the EU average was 99.
The fatality rates per head of population for 28 countries (including Scotland) are shown, for each of
four broad age-groups, in Table F. In this table, reflecting the availability of figures from IRTAD
there are figures for the United Kingdom, but no separate figures for "England and Wales" and
"Northern Ireland"; also there are no figures for the EU as a whole. In most cases, Scotland has one
of the lowest rates per capita. The Scottish rate is the tenth lowest for child casualties aged 0-14, the
ninth lowest for those aged 15-24, the sixth lowest for those aged 25-64 and the lowest for those
aged 65+.
34
Casualties in Scotland, England & Wales by severity Table A
Number of casualties : All ages and child casualties
Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious severities Killed Serious severities
1. All Ages
(a) Numbers
1994-98 ave 378 4,838 22,316 3,199 42,823 297,624
1998 385 4,457 22,467 3,036 39,806 302,756
1999 310 4,075 21,003 3,113 38,501 299,473
2000 326 3,893 20,508 3,084 37,687 299,808
2001 348 3,755 19,906 3,103 36,814 293,453
2002 305 3,518 19,248 3,127 35,897 283,356
1998-2002 ave 335 3,940 20,626 3,093 37,741 295,769
(b) Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -12 -6 -3 1 -2 -3
2002 on 1994-98 ave. -19 -27 -14 -2 -16 -5
1998-02 ave. on 94-98 ave -11 -19 -8 -3 -12 -1
2. Child casualties
(1)
(a) Numbers
1994-98 ave 30 842 3,852 230 6,018 40,504
1998 32 698 3,535 174 5,382 39,914
1999 25 625 3,196 196 5,073 38,872
2000 21 561 3,000 170 4,641 36,715
2001 20 543 2,920 199 4,447 35,361
2002 14 525 2,745 165 4,075 31,952
1998-2002 ave 22 590 3,079 181 4,724 36,563
(b) Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -30 -3 -6 -17 -8 -10
2002 on 1994-98 ave. -53 -38 -29 -28 -32 -21
1998-02 ave. on 94-98 ave -25 -30 -20 -21 -22 -10
Casualties in Scotland, England & Wales by severity Table B
Rates per 1,000 population : All ages and child casualties
Scotland England & Wales Scotland % of England & Wales
Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious severities Killed Serious severities Killed Serious severities
1. All Ages
percentages
(a) Rates per 1,000 population
1994-98 ave .07 .95 4.38 .06 .82 5.72 121 115 77
1998 .08 .88 4.43 .06 .76 5.77 131 116 77
1999 .06 .80 4.14 .06 .73 5.68 103 110 73
2000 .06 .77 4.05 .06 .71 5.66 111 108 72
2001 .07 .74 3.93 .06 .71 5.63 115 105 70
2002 .06 .70 3.81 .06 .68 5.40 101 102 70
1998-2002 ave .07 .78 4.07 .06 .72 5.63 112 108 72
(b) Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -12 -6 -3 0 -3 -4
2002 on 1994-98 ave. -19 -27 -13 -3 -17 -6
1998-02 ave. on 94-98 ave -11 -18 -7 -4 -13 -2
2. Child casualties
(1)
percentages
(a) Rates per 1,000 population
(2)
1994-98 ave .03 .83 3.78 .02 .56 3.80 136 146 99
1998 .03 .70 3.53 .02 .50 3.74 196 138 94
1999 .03 .63 3.21 .02 .47 3.63 137 132 88
2000 .02 .57 3.05 .02 .44 3.44 134 131 89
2001 .02 .56 3.01 .02 .42 3.37 109 132 89
2002 .01 .55 2.87 .02 .39 3.07 92 140 94
1998-2002 ave .02 .60 3.14 .02 .45 3.45 134 135 91
(b) Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -29 -2 -5 -16 -8 -9
2002 on 1994-98 ave. -50 -34 -24 -27 -31 -19
1998-02 ave. on 94-98 ave -23 -27 -17 -21 -21 -9
(1)
Child 0-15 years
(2)
Mid-2002 population estimates used for Scotland and England and Wales.
Scotland England & Wales
35
Casualties in Scotland, England & Wales by mode of transport Table C
and severity, 2002
Number of casualties : All ages and child casualties
Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious severities Killed Serious severities
1. All ages
Pedestrian 73 886 3,309 702 7,748 35,470
Pedal cycle 8 150 828 122 2,299 16,278
Car 155 1,775 11,822 1,580 16,699 181,946
Bus/coach - 59 859 19 492 8,144
Other 69 648 2,430 704 8,659 41,518
Total 305 3,518 19,248 3,127 35,897 283,356
2. Child casualties
(1)
Pedestrian 12 338 1,294 67 2,493 12,939
Pedal cycle - 46 277 22 547 4,532
Car 2 111 928 70 812 12,298
Bus/coach - 15 183 3 44 1,221
Other - 14 51 3 179 962
Total 14 524 2,733 165 4,075 31,952
Casualties in Scotland, England & Wales by mode of transport Table D
and severity, 2002
Rate per 1,000 population
(2)
: All ages and child casualties
Scotland England & Wales Scotland % of England & Wales
Killed Killed & All Killed Killed & All Killed Killed & All
Serious severities Serious severities Serious severities
1. All ages percentages
Pedestrian .01 .18 .65 .01 .15 .68 108 119 97
Pedal cycle .00 .03 .16 .00 .04 .31 68 68 53
Car .03 .35 2.34 .03 .32 3.47 102 110 67
Bus/coach - .01 .17 .00 .01 .16 n/a 124 109
Other .01 .13 .48 .01 .17 .79 102 78 61
Total .06 .70 3.81 .06 .68 5.40 101 102 70
2. Child casualties
(1)
Pedestrian .01 .35 1.35 .01 .24 1.24 195 148 109
Pedal cycle - .05 .29 .00 .05 .44 n/a 92 67
Car .00 .12 .97 .01 .08 1.18 31 149 82
Bus/coach - .02 .19 .00 .00 .12 n/a 371 163
Other - .01 .05 .00 .02 .09 n/a 85 58
Total .01 .55 2.86 .02 .39 3.07 92 140 93
(1)
Child 0-15 years
(2)
Mid-2002 population estimates used for Scotland and England and Wales
England & Wales Scotland
36
International Comparisons Table E
Fatality rates per capita, for (a) all road users, (b) pedestrians, (c) car users; and (d) per motor
vehicle for car users: ranked by respective rates - 2001 (as recorded in IRTAD
(1)
)
(a) All road users (b) Pedestrians
Numbers Rate Index Numbers Rate Index
Turkey 3,840 56 82 Iceland 1 3 24
England & Wales 3,103 60 87 Netherlands 106 7 45
Norway 275 61 89 Denmark 50 9 63
Netherlands 993 62 91 Norway 43 10 64
Sweden 554 62 91 Sweden 87 10 66
Scotland 347 69 100 Germany 900 11 74
Switzerland 544 76 110 Finland 62 12 81
Japan 10,060 79 115 Canada (2000) 372 12 81
Denmark 431 81 118 Turkey 918 13 90
Finland 433 84 122 New Zealand 52 14 91
Iceland 24 84 122 Belgium (2000) 142 14 93
Germany 6,977 85 124 France 822 14 94
Northern Ireland 148 88 128 England & Wales 751 14 97
Australia 1,737 89 131 Switzerland 104 14 97
Canada (2000) 2,927 94 137 Austria 117 15 98
E.U. 39,724 106 154 Italy (2000) 848 15 99
Irish Republic 411 107 156 Scotland 75 15 100
Italy (2000) 6,410 111 162 Australia 290 15 101
New Zealand 455 118 172 E.U. 5,650 15 101
Hungary 1,239 121 177 USA 4,882 17 116
Austria 976 122 177 Northern Ireland 32 19 128
Czech Republic 1,334 130 190 Spain 846 21 142
Spain 5,517 138 201 Japan 2,835 22 150
France 8,160 138 202 Irish Republic 89 23 157
Poland 5,534 143 209 Luxembourg 11 25 168
Belgium 1,486 145 211 Czech Republic 322 31 212
USA 42,116 148 216 Hungary 355 35 235
Luxembourg 70 159 232 Portugal 337 36 240
Republic of Korea 8,097 171 250 Greece (2000) 375 36 240
Portugal 1,671 176 257 Poland 1,866 48 326
Greece (2000) 2,037 193 282 Republic of Korea 3,137 66 447
(1) Source: International Road Traffic and Accident Database (OECD). The basis of the numbers is described in the text.
Some of the countries may have updated their figures since they provided the data to OECD.
Per million population Per million population
37
International Comparisons Table E (continued)
Fatality rates per capita, for (a) all road users, (b) pedestrians, (c) car users; and (d) per motor
vehicle for car users: ranked by respective rates - 2001 (as recorded in IRTAD
(1)
)
(c) Car users (d) Car users - fatality rates per million motor vehicles
Motor Vehicles
population motor vehicles per 1,000
Numbers Rate Index Numbers Rate Index
Japan 2,774 22 55 Japan 2,774 35 40 631
Turkey 1,630 24 61 Switzerland 245 52 59 653
England & Wales 1,550 30 76 England & Wales 1,550 57 65 518
Netherlands 477 30 76 Netherlands 477 58 66 514
Switzerland 245 34 87 Norway 189 70 80 599
Sweden 346 39 99 Sweden 346 71 81 549
Scotland 199 39 100 Portugal 636 76 87 880
Norway 189 42 107 Germany 4,023 77 87 638
Republic of Korea 2,007 42 108 Canada (2000) 1,556 86 98 582
Denmark 241 45 115 Scotland 199 88 100 447
Germany 4,023 49 124 Italy (2000) 3,535 89 101 690
Hungary 502 49 125 USA 20,233 91 104 777
Canada (2000) 1,556 50 127 Australia 1,138 94 107 625
Finland 262 51 129 Denmark 241 99 113 455
N. Ireland 99 59 149 E.U. 22,463 99 113 601
Australia (1999) 1,138 59 149 Finland 262 102 116 494
E.U. 22,463 60 152 Austria 570 109 124 651
Irish Republic 230 60 152 Iceland 22 111 126 696
Italy (2000) 3,535 61 156 N. Ireland 99 129 147 454
Poland 2,438 63 161 Spain 3,146 130 147 604
Portugal 636 67 171 Irish Republic 230 130 148 461
Czech Republic 716 70 177 New Zealand 344 131 149 684
Austria 570 71 181 Republic of Korea 2,007 145 164 293
USA 20,233 71 181 France 5,283 152 173 589
Iceland 22 77 196 Belgium 922 158 180 569
Spain 3,146 78 200 Luxembourg 53 159 181 755
Greece (2000) 891 84 215 Poland 2,438 166 188 381
New Zealand 344 89 227 Turkey 1,630 166 189 143
France 5,283 89 228 Czech Republic 716 167 190 418
Belgium (2000) 922 90 229 Greece (2000) 891 176 200 480
Luxembourg (2000) 53 120 306 Hungary 502 177 201 278
(1) Source: International Road Traffic and Accident Database (OECD). The basis of the numbers is described in the text.
Some of the countries may have updated their figures since they provided the data to OECD.
population
Per million Per million
38
International Comparisons
(1)
Table F
Road accident fatality rates per capita, by age group, ranked by respective rates - 2001
(a) 0-14 years (b) 15-24 years
Per million population Per million population
Rate Index Rate Index
Norway 8 40 Japan 104 72
Sweden 11 56 Netherlands 115 80
Italy (2000) 15 76 Sweden 120 83
Japan 16 81 United Kingdom 124 86
Netherlands 16 81 Hungary 128 89
United Kingdom 17 86 Norway 128 89
Germany 18 91 Switzerland 130 90
Switzerland 18 91 Republic of Korea 134 93
Austria 19 96 Scotland 144 100
Scotland 20 100 Denmark 150 104
Finland 20 101 Finland 158 110
Denmark 21 106 Poland 168 117
Australia 22 111 Australia 175 122
Hungary 22 111 Czech Republic 179 124
Czech Republic 23 116 Canada (2000) 186 129
Canada (2000) 25 126 Iceland 186 129
France 27 136 Italy (2000) 199 138
Spain 27 136 Ireland 201 140
Belgium (2000) 29 146 Germany 204 142
Ireland 32 162 Spain 207 144
Greece (1999) 33 167 New Zealand 221 153
Iceland 33 167 Austria 230 160
USA 36 182 USA 266 185
Luxembourg (2000) 37 187 France 287 199
Poland 37 187 Belgium (2000) 308 214
New Zealand 38 192 Greece (1999) 327 227
Republic of Korea 50 253 Portugal (1999) 337 234
Portugal (1999) 52 263 Luxembourg (2000) 354 246
(c) 25-64 years (d) 65+ years
Per million population Per million population
Rate Index Rate Index
Norway 55 76 Scotland 68 100
Netherlands 57 79 United Kingdom 70 103
United Kingdom 59 82 Sweden 86 126
Sweden 60 83 Iceland 91 134
Japan 62 86 Germany 94 138
Scotland 72 100 Norway 99 146
Switzerland 72 100 Netherlands 102 150
Denmark 73 101 Ireland 110 162
Finland 76 106 Switzerland 115 169
Iceland 76 106 Australia 121 178
Germany 77 107 Finland 124 182
Australia 86 119 Italy (2000) 127 187
Canada (2000) 88 122 Spain 127 187
Ireland 102 142 Denmark 129 190
Italy (2000) 103 143 Canada (2000) 130 191
New Zealand 109 151 Belgium (2000) 139 204
Austria 117 163 France 143 210
Hungary 136 189 Austria 150 221
Czech Republic 137 190 New Zealand 153 225
France 137 190 Hungary 161 237
Belgium (2000) 143 199 Japan 166 244
Spain 145 201 Czech Republic 169 249
USA 150 208 Luxembourg (2000) 172 253
Poland 161 224 Poland 188 276
Luxembourg (2000) 184 256 USA 190 279
Republic of Korea 192 267 Greece (1999) 230 339
Greece (1999) 201 279 Portugal (1999) 232 341
Portugal (1999) 215 299 Republic of Korea 442 650
(1) Source: International Road Traffic and Accident Database (OECD). The basis of the numbers is described in the text.
39
40
The casualty reduction
targets for 2010
41
Figure 5 Progress towards the 2010 casualty reduction targets
(A) Killed or Seriously Injured casualties
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Baseline average
Average annual rate of reduction
required from 1996
(B) Child Killed or Seriously Injured casualties
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Child KSI Casualties
Average annual rate of reduction
required from 1996
Baseline average
(C) Slight casualties: rate per 100 million vehicle kilometres
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Baseline average
Average annual rate of reduction
required from 1996
Slight casualty rate
KSI Casualties
42
The casualty reduction targets for the year 2010
In March 2000, the UK Government, the Scottish Executive and the National Assembly for
Wales announced a new national road safety strategy and casualty reduction targets for 2010.
These new targets were introduced to focus on achieving a further substantial improvement in
road safety over the next ten years, with particular emphasis on child casualties. The new
targets, which are given in the document "Tomorrow's roads - safer for everyone", are based
on the annual average casualty levels over the period 1994 to 1998. By 2010 it is hoped that
there will be, compared with the average for 1994-98:
a 40% reduction in the number of people killed or seriously injured in road accidents.
a 50% reduction in the number of children killed or seriously injured; and
a 10% reduction in the slight casualty rate, expressed as the number of people slightly
injured per 100 million vehicle kilometres.
Progress towards the 2010 casualty reduction targets
The charts on the page opposite show progress towards the casualty reduction targets for
2010. The thick black lines show the figures that have been recorded so far, the horizontal
dashed lines show the baseline averages, and the dotted lines going downwards indicate how
the figures would have to fall if the targets for 2010 were to be achieved by means of a
constant percentage reduction in each year. The method of deriving these 'target lines' is
described at the end of this section.
With this method, the target lines imply the following reductions from the 1994-98 baselines
by the year 2002:
Killed or seriously injured: 19.7%
Child killed or seriously injured: 25.7%
Slight casualty rate (per 100m veh-km) 4.4%
Therefore any falls which are greater than these suggest more rapid progress than the
relevant indicative target line.
The figures relating to each target:
There were 3,518 people killed or seriously injured in 2002, 27% (1,320) below the 1994-
98 average of 4,838. The figure for 2002 is below the relevant indicative target line, and
therefore the reduction so far has been greater than would be needed to achieve the 2010
target fall of 40% by means of a constant annual percentage reduction.
525 children were killed or seriously injured in 2002, 38% (317) below the 1994-98
average of 842. The figure for 2002 is also below the relevant indicative target line,
representing rapid progress towards the 2010 target of a 50% reduction.
The slight casualty rate of 38.11 casualties per 100 million vehicle kilometres in 2002
was 18% below the 1994-98 baseline average of 46.30, so the 2010 target of a 10%
reduction has been achieved.
Killed or seriously injured casualties by mode of transport
As noted above, the relevant indicative "target line" figure for 2002 is 19.7% below the 1994-
98 baseline average. The top part of Table G shows that, in 2002, the numbers of killed or
seriously injured (KSI) casualties for most modes of transport were well below this target
line, with falls such as 36% for pedestrian KSI casualties and 29% for car KSI casualties.
However, there were two exceptions: motorcycle KSI casualties rose by 29% and the fall of
18% for goods vehicle KSI casualties was less rapid than the indicative line.
43
Table G
Killed and seriously injured casualties by mode of transport
Pedestrian Pedal Motor Car Bus/ Goods
(1)
Other
(2)
All
cycle cycle coach road users
1994-98 average 1,376 249 355 2,501 96 172 89 4,838
1994 1,647 316 353 2,804 150 211 90 5,571
1995 1,587 292 395 2,653 105 211 96 5,339
1996 1,279 216 300 2,293 96 137 77 4,398
1997 1,211 210 358 2,365 55 136 89 4,424
1998 1,156 210 371 2,390 76 163 91 4,457
1999 1,143 189 431 2,004 83 144 81 4,075
2000 996 176 474 1,979 80 121 67 3,893
2001 917 171 454 1,950 62 129 72 3,755
2002 886 150 457 1,775 59 141 50 3,518
Percent changes:
2002 on 2001 -3 -12 1 -9 -5 9 -31 -6
2002 on 1994-98 average -36 -40 29 -29 -39 -18 -44 -27
Child killed and seriously injured casualties by mode of transport
Pedestrian Pedal Motor Car Bus/ Goods
(1)
Other
(2)
All
cycle cycle coach road users
1994-98 average 562 100 6 145 11 8 10 842
1994 674 144 6 161 24 12 8 1,029
1995 638 113 7 153 9 13 17 950
1996 540 100 4 118 15 3 10 790
1997 505 78 4 138 3 7 10 745
1998 455 64 8 153 6 6 6 698
1999 430 69 5 108 2 2 9 625
2000 378 65 7 94 7 5 5 561
2001 353 56 7 109 5 6 7 543
2002 338 46 7 111 9 7 7 525
Percent changes:
(3)
2002 on 2001 -4 -18 n/a 2 n/a n/a n/a -3
2002 on 1994-98 average -40 -54 n/a -23 n/a n/a n/a -38
Slight casualties by mode of transport
Pedestrian Pedal Motor Car Bus/ Goods
(1)
Other
(2)
All Traffic
(4)
Slight
cycle cycle coach road users casualty rate
numbers mill veh-km per 100 mill veh-km
1994-98 average 3,009 1,034 580 10,859 912 583 501 17,478 37,754 46.30
1994 3,083 1,068 577 10,123 1,084 669 398 17,002 36,271 46.87
1995 3,048 1,031 576 10,321 802 579 498 16,855 36,935 45.63
1996 3,047 1,081 550 10,740 902 499 499 17,318 37,908 45.68
1997 2,944 1,062 590 11,669 886 525 529 18,205 38,509 47.28
1998 2,921 930 605 11,444 887 643 580 18,010 39,145 46.01
1999 2,620 828 594 10,902 841 609 534 16,928 39,591 42.76
2000 2,606 706 654 10,672 854 541 582 16,615 39,310 42.27
2001 2,489 745 723 10,338 761 596 499 16,151 39,806 40.57
2002 2,423 678 707 10,047 800 618 457 15,730 41,279 38.11
Percent changes:
2002 on 2001 -3 -9 -2 -3 5 4 -8 -3 4 -6
2002 on 1994-98 average -19 -34 22 -7 -12 6 -9 -10 9 -18
1. Light goods vehicles and heavy goods vehicles.
2. Taxis, minibuses and other modes of transport
3. A percentage change is not shown if the baseline figure is small.
4. The traffic figures for 1994 to 2002 (inclusive) differ from those that were available previously, as DfT has revised its method of estimating traffic volume for 1993 onwards.
A fuller explanation of this can be found in "Scottish Transport Statistics".
44
About half of all the 3,518 KSI casualties in 2002 were car users. The total of 1,775 car KSI
casualties in 2002 was 29% below the 1994-98 baseline average of 2,501, and therefore better
than the indicative target line reduction. There were 886 pedestrian KSI casualties in 2002,
36% fewer than the annual average of 1,376 for the period 1994-98. However, the number of
motorcycle KSI casualties in 2002 was 457, an increase of 29% (102) from the 1994-98
average: this was the only category of road user for which the figure in 2002 was greatly
above the indicative target line. There were 150 pedal cycle KSI casualties, 40% below the
1994-98 average. The numbers of KSI casualties were smaller for each of the remaining
categories of road user (bus/coach, goods vehicle, and others).
Child killed or seriously injured casualties by mode of transport
The indicative target line figure for 2002 is 25.7% below the 1994-98 average. The middle
part of Table G shows that, in 2002, the figures for the three main categories of child road
user casualty were only slightly above, or well below, the relevant indicative target lines,
with falls ranging from 23% to 54%
.
About two-thirds of the 525 child killed or seriously injured (KSI) casualties in 2002 were
pedestrians. The number of child pedestrian KSI casualties in 2002 was 338, 224 (40%)
below the 1994-98 average of 562, and therefore better than the indicative target line
reduction. There were 111 child car KSI casualties in 2002, a fall of 34 (23%) from the 1994-
98 average of 145, and therefore not quite as rapid a reduction as the indicative target line.
Child pedal cycle KSI casualties in 2002 were below the indicative target line: there were 46,
a reduction of 54% from the 1994-98 average of 100. There are few child KSI casualties for
other modes of transport, so small fluctuations in their numbers can cause apparently large
percentage changes from the 1994-98 baseline average levels.
Slightly injured casualties by mode of transport
By 2002, the indicative target line has a reduction of 4.4% in the slight casualty rate.
Because of the limited availability of detailed reliable road traffic estimates for Scotland, the
bottom part of Table G shows the numbers of slight casualties (rather than slight casualty
rates) for various categories of road user. The table also shows the overall total volume of
traffic and the overall slight casualty rate. Most of the road user categories had percentage
falls in their numbers of slight casualties that were better than that of the slight casualty rate's
indicative target line. Almost two-thirds of slight casualties in 2002 were car users. The total
number of car user slight casualties in 2002 was 10,047, 7% below the 1994-98 average of
10,859, and therefore better than the slight casualty rate's indicative target line fall of 4.4%.
There were 2,423 slight pedestrian casualties 19% less than the 1994-98 average of 3,009, a
reduction much better than that of the indicative target line for the slight casualty rate. Bus
and coach user slight casualties totalled 800 in 2002, 12% fewer than the 1994-98 average,
the number of pedal cyclist slight casualties (678) was 34% below the baseline average, and
"other" road user slight casualties (457) were 9% less than the baseline average. However,
there were rises in motorcyclist slight casualties (707 in 2002, 22% above the 1994-98
average), and in goods vehicle user slight casualties (618: 6% more than baseline average).
Assessing progress towards the casualty reduction targets
The indicative target lines shown in Figure 3
One way of assessing progress towards the targets is to compare actual casualty numbers in
each year with an indicative line that starts at the baseline figure in 1996 and falls, by a
constant percentage reduction in each subsequent year, to the target for 2010. This is the
45
approach adopted by the GB Road Safety Advisory Panel. The indicative line starts at the
baseline figure in 1996 because that is the middle year of the 'baseline' period. Other
approaches could have been used: there are many ways of producing lines that indicate how
casualty numbers might fall fairly steadily to the targets for 2010.
The method adopted to produce the indicative target lines shown in Figure 3 involves a
constant percentage reduction in each year after 1996. The resulting indicative target lines
represent the percentages of the baseline averages which are shown in the table below. They
are not straight lines, because of the "compounding over the years" effect of constant annual
percentage reductions (to two decimal places, the falls are: 3.58% p.a. for killed or seriously
injured casualties; 4.83% p.a. for child killed or seriously injured casualties; and 0.75% p.a.
for the slight casualty rate).
Killed or Seriously Children Killed Slight casualty rate
Injured or Seriously Injured (per 100 million vkm)
% of baseline % reduction
from baseline
% of baseline % reduction
from baseline
% of baseline % reduction
from baseline
1996 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
1997 96.4% 3.6% 95.2% 4.8% 99.3% 0.7%
1998 93.0% 7.0% 90.6% 9.4% 98.5% 1.5%
1999 89.6% 10.4% 86.2% 13.8% 97.8% 2.2%
2000 86.4% 13.6% 82.0% 18.0% 97.0% 3.0%
2001 83.3% 16.7% 78.1% 21.9% 96.3% 3.7%
2002 80.3% 19.7% 74.3% 25.7% 95.6% 4.4%
2003 77.5% 22.5% 70.7% 29.3% 94.9% 5.1%
2004 74.7% 25.3% 67.3% 32.7% 94.2% 5.8%
2005 72.0% 28.0% 64.0% 36.0% 93.5% 6.5%
2006 69.4% 30.6% 61.0% 39.0% 92.8% 7.2%
2007 66.9% 33.1% 58.0% 42.0% 92.1% 7.9%
2008 64.5% 35.5% 55.2% 44.8% 91.4% 8.6%
2009 62.2% 37.8% 52.5% 47.5% 90.7% 9.3%
2010 60.0% 40.0% 50.0% 50.0% 90.0% 10.0%
Other statistics for monitoring progress
Table 40 in the main section of this publication shows the "baseline" figures for each local
authority area for the first two targets (separately for trunk roads, local authority roads and all
roads), along with the corresponding figures for each year from 1994 and the latest five years'
averages. Table 41 provides figures for each local authority area related to the third target,
and Table 42 shows figures for each Police Force area related to all three targets.
In addition, many other tables include the 1994-98 baseline averages.
46
STATISTICAL TABLES
47
48
Table 1
Population, vehicles licensed, road lengths, traffic on all roads and on M & A roads, injury accidents,
vehicles involved and casualties: Years: 1953 to 2002
Population
(1)
Vehicles Road Traffic on Traffic on Injury Vehicles
Year licensed
(2)
lengths all roads
(3)
M & A roads
(1)
accidents involved Casualties
Million Million Thousand km million vehicle km million vehicle km Number Number Number
1953 5.100 .. .. .. .. .. 18,343
1954 5.104 .. .. .. .. .. 18,901
1955 5.111 .. 44.1 .. .. .. .. 20,899
1956 5.120 .. 44.4 .. .. .. .. 21,459
1957 5.125 .. 44.6 .. .. .. .. 21,417
1958 5.141 .. 44.8 .. .. .. .. 22,830
1959 5.163 .. 45.0 .. .. .. .. 25,011
1960 5.178 .. 45.2 .. .. .. .. 26,315
1961 5.184 .. 45.4 .. .. .. .. 27,362
1962 5.198 0.775 45.6 .. .. .. .. 26,703
1963 5.205 0.836 45.8 .. .. .. .. 27,728
1964 5.209 0.900 45.9 .. .. .. .. 30,527
1965 5.210 0.951 46.2 .. .. .. .. 31,827
1966 5.201 0.991 46.4 .. .. 23,225 .. 32,280
1967 5.198 1.035 46.4 .. .. 22,838 .. 31,760
1968 5.200 1.065 46.4 .. .. 22,120 .. 30,649
1969 5.208 1.106 47.0 .. .. 21,863 31,885 31,056
1970 5.214 1.124 47.2 .. .. 22,133 33,430 31,240
1971 5.236 1.135 47.5 .. .. 22,332 32,165 31,194
1972 5.231 1.181 47.9 .. .. 22,703 32,832 31,762
1973 5.234 1.252 48.0 .. .. 22,580 32,951 31,404
1974 5.241 1.274 48.3 .. .. 20,581 30,073 28,783
1975 5.232 1.304 48.3 .. .. 20,652 30,613 28,621
1976 5.233 1.314 48.9 .. .. 21,751 32,547 29,933
1977 5.226 .. 48.9 .. .. 21,678 32,893 29,783
1978 5.212 1.308 48.9 .. .. 22,107 33,965 30,506
1979 5.204 1.353 49.3 .. .. 23,064 35,512 31,387
1980 5.193 1.398 49.4 .. .. 21,788 33,626 29,286
1981 5.180 1.397 50.0 .. .. 21,485 33,311 28,766
1982 5.165 1.416 50.2 .. .. 20,850 32,192 28,273
1983 5.148 1.448 50.4 .. .. 19,434 29,918 25,224
1984 5.139 1.489 50.6 .. .. 19,974 31,236 26,158
1985 5.128 1.514 50.7 .. 17,219 20,644 32,446 27,287
1986 5.112 1.546 50.8 .. 17,647 19,819 30,983 26,117
1987 5.099 1.575 51.2 .. 18,767 18,657 29,454 24,748
1988 5.077 1.657 51.3 .. 20,098 19,097 30,465 25,425
1989 5.078 1.729 51.6 .. 21,404 20,605 33,221 27,532
1990 5.081 1.788 51.7 .. 21,786 20,171 32,423 27,228
1991 5.083 1.830 51.9 .. 21,947 19,004 30,897 25,346
1992 5.086 1.884 52.0 .. 22,575 18,008 29,306 24,173
1993 5.092 1.874 52.1 35,468 22,958 16,686 27,358 22,415
1994 5.102 1.900 52.3 36,271 23,571 16,768 27,694 22,573
1995 5.104 1.910 52.8 36,395 24,185 16,534 27,232 22,194
1996 5.092 1.966 53.1 37,908 24,969 16,073 26,676 21,716
1997 5.083 2.023 53.1 38,509 25,378 16,646 28,207 22,629
1998 5.077 2.073 53.3 39,145 25,861 16,519 27,781 22,467
1999 5.072 2.131 53.5 39,591 26,006 15,416 25,835 21,003
2000 5.063 2.188 53.9 39,310 25,686 15,120 25,538 20,508
2001 5.064 2.262 54.1 39,806 26,083 14,722 24,868 19,906
2002 5.055 2.330 54.6 41,279 27,007 14,317 24,105 19,248
1994-98 average 5.092 1.974 52.9 37,646 24,793 16,508 27,518 22,316
1998-2002 average 5.066 2.197 53.9 39,826 26,129 15,219 25,625 20,626
Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -0.2 3.0 1.0 3.7 3.5 -2.8 -3.1 -3.3
2002 on 1994-98 ave -0.7 18.0 3.2 9.7 8.9 -13.3 -12.4 -13.7
1. The population estimates have been revised, as is described in the Introduction.
2. Figures from 1993 onwards are on a different basis from those for previous years, due to a change in the source of the data.
3. The figures for 1993 to 2001 (inclusive) differ from those which were available previously, as DfT has revised its method of estimating
traffic volumes for 1993 onwards. The figures for minor roads have been revised greatly from those published previously following DfT's
introduction of a new and improved method of estimating the volume of traffic on minor roads - see the Introduction.
49
Table 2 Accidents
Casualties
(a) Accidents by severity
Years: 1950 to 2002
(b) Casualties by severity
Years: 1950 to 2002
0
4,000
8,000
12,000
16,000
20,000
24,000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
Fatal Serious
Slight &
All Severities
0
4,000
8,000
12,000
16,000
20,000
24,000
28,000
32,000
36,000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
1,200
1,000
800
400
200
Fatal Serious
Slight &
All Severities
1,400
1,600
1,800
14,000
16,000
18,000
All Severities
Serious
Fatal
Slight
All Severities
Killed
Serious
Slight
0 0
0 0
600
50
Table 2 Accidents
Casualties
Accidents and Casualties by severity
Years: 1938 to 2002
Accidents Casualties
Fatal & All Serious Slight Killed & All
Year Fatal Serious Slight Serious Severities Killed injury injury Serious Severities
numbers
1938 .. .. .. .. .. 655 5,309 14,451 5,964 20,415
1947 .. .. .. .. .. 554 .. .. .. 14,655
1948 .. .. .. .. .. 534 .. .. .. 13,635
1949 .. .. .. .. .. 535 .. .. .. 14,706
1950 .. .. .. .. .. 529 4,553 10,774 5,082 15,856
1951 .. .. .. .. .. 544 4,545 11,806 5,089 16,895
1952 .. .. .. .. .. 485 4,424 11,638 4,909 16,547
1953 .. .. .. .. .. 579 5,170 12,594 5,749 18,343
1954 .. .. .. .. .. 545 4,875 13,481 5,420 18,901
1955 .. .. .. .. .. 610 5,096 15,193 5,706 20,899
1956 .. .. .. .. .. 540 5,049 15,870 5,589 21,459
1957 .. .. .. .. .. 550 5,006 15,861 5,556 21,417
1958 .. .. .. .. .. 605 5,302 16,923 5,907 22,830
1959 .. .. .. .. .. 604 6,336 18,071 6,940 25,011
1960 .. .. .. .. .. 648 6,632 19,035 7,280 26,315
1961 .. .. .. .. .. 671 7,228 19,463 7,899 27,362
1962 .. .. .. .. .. 664 7,052 18,987 7,716 26,703
1963 .. .. .. .. .. 712 7,227 19,789 7,939 27,728
1964 .. .. .. .. .. 754 8,136 21,637 8,890 30,527
1965 .. .. .. .. .. 743 8,744 22,340 9,487 31,827
1966 .. .. .. .. 23,225 790 9,253 22,237 10,043 32,280
1967 .. .. .. .. 22,838 778 9,258 21,724 10,036 31,760
1968 .. .. .. .. 22,120 769 9,493 20,387 10,262 30,649
1969 .. .. .. .. 21,863 892 9,831 20,333 10,723 31,056
1970 758 7,860 13,515 8,618 22,133 815 10,027 20,398 10,842 31,240
1971 785 7,867 13,680 8,652 22,332 866 9,947 20,381 10,813 31,194
1972 770 7,965 13,968 8,735 22,703 855 10,000 20,907 10,855 31,762
1973 783 8,056 13,741 8,839 22,580 855 10,094 20,455 10,949 31,404
1974 763 7,548 12,270 8,311 20,581 825 9,522 18,436 10,347 28,783
1975 699 6,912 13,041 7,611 20,652 769 8,779 19,073 9,548 28,621
1976 687 6,923 14,141 7,610 21,751 783 8,720 20,430 9,503 29,933
1977 727 7,063 13,888 7,790 21,678 811 8,850 20,122 9,661 29,783
1978 739 7,442 13,926 8,181 22,107 820 9,349 20,337 10,169 30,506
1979 728 7,536 14,800 8,264 23,064 810 9,241 21,336 10,051 31,387
1980 644 7,218 13,926 7,862 21,788 700 8,839 19,747 9,539 29,286
1981 610 7,265 13,610 7,875 21,485 677 8,840 19,249 9,517 28,766
1982 640 7,421 12,789 8,061 20,850 701 9,260 18,312 9,961 28,273
1983 568 6,429 12,437 6,997 19,434 624 7,633 16,967 8,257 25,224
1984 537 6,547 12,890 7,084 19,974 599 7,727 17,832 8,326 26,158
1985 550 6,507 13,587 7,057 20,644 602 7,786 18,899 8,388 27,287
1986 537 6,182 13,100 6,719 19,819 601 7,422 18,094 8,023 26,117
1987 517 5,568 12,572 6,085 18,657 556 6,707 17,485 7,263 24,748
1988 499 5,602 12,996 6,101 19,097 554 6,732 18,139 7,286 25,425
1989 496 5,814 14,295 6,310 20,605 553 6,998 19,981 7,551 27,532
1990 491 5,237 14,443 5,728 20,171 546 6,252 20,430 6,798 27,228
1991 443 4,724 13,837 5,167 19,004 491 5,638 19,217 6,129 25,346
1992 426 4,268 13,314 4,694 18,008 463 5,176 18,534 5,639 24,173
1993 359 3,651 12,676 4,010 16,686 399 4,454 17,562 4,853 22,415
1994 319 4,324 12,125 4,643 16,768 363 5,208 17,002 5,571 22,573
1995 361 4,071 12,102 4,432 16,534 409 4,930 16,855 5,339 22,194
1996 316 3,315 12,442 3,631 16,073 357 4,041 17,318 4,398 21,716
1997 340 3,312 12,994 3,652 16,646 377 4,047 18,205 4,424 22,629
1998 339 3,318 12,862 3,657 16,519 385 4,072 18,010 4,457 22,467
1999 285 3,209 11,922 3,494 15,416 310 3,765 16,928 4,075 21,003
2000 297 3,006 11,817 3,303 15,120 326 3,567 16,615 3,893 20,508
2001 309 2,837 11,576 3,146 14,722 348 3,407 16,151 3,755 19,906
2002 275 2,669 11,373 2,944 14,317 305 3,213 15,730 3,518 19,248
1994-98 average 335 3,668 12,505 4,003 16,508 378 4,460 17,478 4,838 22,316
1998-2002 average 301 3,008 11,910 3,309 15,219 335 3,605 16,687 3,940 20,626
Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -11.0 -5.9 -1.8 -6.4 -2.8 -12.4 -5.7 -2.6 -6.3 -3.3
2002 on 94-98 average -17.9 -27.2 -9.1 -26.5 -13.3 -19.4 -28.0 -10.0 -27.3 -13.7
51
Table 3 Accidents
Accidents by police force area and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Police force area Year Fatal Serious Slight Fatal & All
Serious Severities
Northern 1994-98 average 34 266 577 300 877
1998 39 263 646 302 948
1999 35 245 629 280 909
2000 41 212 549 253 802
2001 31 257 526 288 814
2002 25 176 543 201 744
1998-2002 average 34 231 579 265 843
Grampian 1994-98 average 44 280 1,168 324 1,493
1998 51 268 1,090 319 1,409
1999 35 236 969 271 1,240
2000 45 248 936 293 1,229
2001 46 223 876 269 1,145
2002 45 207 891 252 1,143
1998-2002 average 44 236 952 281 1,233
Tayside 1994-98 average 32 385 888 417 1,304
1998 25 376 857 401 1,258
1999 34 314 909 348 1,257
2000 22 291 861 313 1,174
2001 42 298 893 340 1,233
2002 23 255 890 278 1,168
1998-2002 average 29 307 882 336 1,218
Fife 1994-98 average 18 191 556 209 765
1998 18 151 562 169 731
1999 14 160 538 174 712
2000 11 195 578 206 784
2001 19 178 537 197 734
2002 26 187 527 213 740
1998-2002 average 18 174 548 192 740
Lothian & Borders 1994-98 average 53 485 2,904 538 3,442
1998 61 377 3,114 438 3,552
1999 48 430 2,753 478 3,231
2000 49 483 2,770 532 3,302
2001 36 449 2,715 485 3,200
2002 33 425 2,592 458 3,050
1998-2002 average 45 433 2,789 478 3,267
Central 1994-98 average 18 226 548 244 793
1998 23 186 591 209 800
1999 9 198 528 207 735
2000 18 171 483 189 672
2001 16 178 442 194 636
2002 21 193 528 214 742
1998-2002 average 17 185 514 203 717
Strathclyde 1994-98 average 119 1,695 5,588 1,814 7,401
1998 106 1,559 5,698 1,665 7,363
1999 98 1,521 5,325 1,619 6,944
2000 99 1,289 5,348 1,388 6,736
2001 106 1,159 5,259 1,265 6,524
2002 88 1,146 5,070 1,234 6,304
1998-2002 average 99 1,335 5,340 1,434 6,774
Dumfries & Galloway 1994-98 average 18 139 276 157 433
1998 16 138 304 154 458
1999 12 105 271 117 388
2000 12 117 292 129 421
2001 13 95 328 108 436
2002 14 80 332 94 426
1998-2002 average 13 107 305 120 426
52
Table 4 Accidents
Accidents by road type and severity
(1)
1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Severity/Year Trunk Local Authority All Trunk %
Major roads Minor roads
Roads
of total
Non Built Total Non Built Non Built Total
built up built up built up
up up up
(a) numbers
Fatal
1998 94 3 97 81 41 48 72 242 339 29
1999 69 4 73 74 35 47 56 212 285 26
2000 96 7 103 69 31 39 55 194 297 35
2001 74 7 81 95 34 49 50 228 309 26
2002 87 4 91 71 25 46 42 184 275 33
Fatal & Serious
1998 560 80 640 621 609 476 1,311 3,017 3,657 18
1999 496 83 579 594 560 468 1,293 2,915 3,494 17
2000 549 76 625 529 519 459 1,171 2,678 3,303 19
2001 500 75 575 585 453 415 1,118 2,571 3,146 18
2002 428 69 497 514 475 411 1,047 2,447 2,944 17
All Severities
1998 1,950 415 2,365 2,103 3,359 1,723 6,969 14,154 16,519 14
1999 1,847 383 2,230 1,890 2,948 1,690 6,658 13,186 15,416 14
2000 1,869 345 2,214 1,829 2,872 1,656 6,549 12,906 15,120 15
2001 1,887 369 2,256 1,857 2,686 1,544 6,379 12,466 14,722 15
2002 1,780 333 2,113 1,825 2,739 1,546 6,094 12,204 14,317 15
(b) annual averages
Fatal
1994-98 average
(1)
95 5 100 82 40 50 63 235 335 30
1998-2002 average 84 5 89 78 33 46 55 212 301 30
Fatal & Serious
1994-98 average
(1)
586 90 676 626 705 505 1,491 3,327 4,003 17
1998-2002 average 507 77 583 569 523 446 1,188 2,726 3,309 18
All Severities
1994-98 average
(1)
1,886 424 2,310 1,984 3,421 1,659 7,134 14,198 16,508 14
1998-2002 average 1,867 369 2,236 1,901 2,921 1,632 6,530 12,983 15,219 15
(c) Per cent changes
2002 on 2001
Fatal 18 -43 12 -25 -26 -6 -16 -19 -11
Fatal & Serious -14 -8 -14 -12 5 -1 -6 -5 -6
All Severities -6 -10 -6 -2 2 0 -4 -2 -3
2002 on 1994-98 average
Fatal -8 -26 -9 -13 -38 -8 -33 -22 -18
Fatal & Serious -27 -24 -27 -18 -33 -19 -30 -26 -26
All Severities -6 -22 -9 -8 -20 -7 -15 -14 -13
1998-2002 average on 1994-98 average
Fatal -11 -7 -11 -5 -17 -8 -12 -10 -10
Fatal & Serious -14 -15 -14 -9 -26 -12 -20 -18 -17
All Severities -1 -13 -3 -4 -15 -2 -8 -9 -8
(1) based on the road network following the 1 April 1996 changes - see Annex E
53
Table 5 Accidents
(a) Accidents by severity and road class for built-up and non built-up roads
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Major roads Minor roads All
Motor- All All roads
ways major minor
Non Non roads Non Non roads
built Built built Built built Built built Built
up up up up up up up up
Fatal
1994-98 ave 10 85 5 82 40 222 34 19 16 44 113 335
1992 14 89 13 100 63 279 44 21 12 70 147 426
1993 18 79 5 87 53 242 31 16 15 55 117 359
1994 11 82 6 79 40 218 34 19 11 37 101 319
1995 10 92 7 85 43 237 38 22 12 52 124 361
1996 6 78 7 76 40 207 28 19 17 45 109 316
1997 15 86 4 88 37 230 43 13 19 35 110 340
1998 6 88 3 81 41 219 25 21 23 51 120 339
1999 8 61 4 74 35 182 34 10 13 46 103 285
2000 14 82 7 69 31 203 22 14 17 41 94 297
2001 11 63 7 95 34 210 34 8 15 42 99 309
2002 17 70 4 71 25 187 32 12 14 30 88 275
1998-2002 ave 11 73 5 78 33 200 29 13 16 42 101 301
Fatal & Serious
1994-98 ave 83 503 90 626 705 2,007 304 294 200 1,197 1,996 4,003
1992 86 542 132 731 907 2,398 362 319 220 1,395 2,296 4,694
1993 75 496 100 650 717 2,038 283 284 236 1,169 1,972 4,010
1994 96 526 97 678 854 2,251 334 369 240 1,449 2,392 4,643
1995 91 544 102 653 842 2,232 301 329 210 1,360 2,200 4,432
1996 61 488 92 557 611 1,809 301 257 181 1,083 1,822 3,631
1997 92 472 81 619 610 1,874 291 249 190 1,048 1,778 3,652
1998 76 484 80 621 609 1,870 295 264 181 1,047 1,787 3,657
1999 76 420 83 594 560 1,733 288 214 180 1,079 1,761 3,494
2000 84 465 76 529 519 1,673 269 204 190 967 1,630 3,303
2001 73 427 75 585 453 1,613 263 186 152 932 1,533 3,146
2002 74 354 69 514 475 1,486 253 196 158 851 1,458 2,944
1998-2002 ave 77 430 77 569 523 1,675 274 213 172 975 1,634 3,309
All severities
1994-98 ave 361 1,524 424 1,984 3,421 7,715 959 1,293 700 5,841 8,793 16,508
1992 359 1,534 508 2,151 4,019 8,571 1,037 1,379 762 6,259 9,437 18,008
1993 282 1,538 439 2,117 3,576 7,952 980 1,254 775 5,725 8,734 16,686
1994 334 1,512 386 1,939 3,622 7,793 892 1,398 689 5,996 8,975 16,768
1995 344 1,509 447 1,979 3,468 7,747 889 1,281 690 5,927 8,787 16,534
1996 310 1,533 428 1,844 3,282 7,397 971 1,245 705 5,755 8,676 16,073
1997 401 1,535 446 2,055 3,374 7,811 1,003 1,220 732 5,880 8,835 16,646
1998 418 1,532 415 2,103 3,359 7,827 1,038 1,322 685 5,647 8,692 16,519
1999 427 1,420 383 1,890 2,948 7,068 979 1,120 711 5,538 8,348 15,416
2000 448 1,421 345 1,829 2,872 6,915 953 1,006 703 5,543 8,205 15,120
2001 508 1,379 369 1,857 2,686 6,799 911 1,043 633 5,336 7,923 14,722
2002 467 1,313 333 1,825 2,739 6,677 868 1,035 678 5,059 7,640 14,317
1998-2002 ave 454 1,413 369 1,901 2,921 7,057 950 1,105 682 5,425 8,162 15,219
(1) The figures for the earlier years are based on the road network following the 1 April 1996 changes,
rather than the road network at the time of the accident (see Annex E).
C & Unclassified
roads
(1)
LA A Trunk A B roads
roads
(1)
54
Table 5 Accidents
(b) Accident rates by severity and road class for built-up and non built-up roads
rates per 100 million vehicle km
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1993 to 2002
(1)
Major roads Minor roads
(2)
All
Motor- All All roads
ways roads major minor
Non Non roads Non Non roads
built Built built Built built Built built Built
up
(3)
up
(3)
up
(3)
up
(3)
up
(3)
up
(3)
up
(3)
up
(3)
Fatal
1994-98 ave 0.21 1.08 0.61 1.17 0.94 0.90 1.42 1.37 0.49 0.75 0.51 0.72
1993 0.46 1.09 0.59 1.35 1.32 1.07 1.36 1.18 0.47 0.96 0.55 0.82
1994 0.27 1.10 0.69 1.19 0.98 0.94 1.46 1.39 0.34 0.64 0.47 0.71
1995 0.23 1.20 0.79 1.24 1.02 0.99 1.63 1.61 0.37 0.90 0.57 0.79
1996 0.13 0.98 0.78 1.09 0.93 0.84 1.18 1.38 0.51 0.77 0.49 0.67
1997 0.31 1.05 0.45 1.24 0.85 0.91 1.78 0.94 0.56 0.59 0.49 0.71
1998 0.12 1.06 0.34 1.12 0.94 0.85 1.04 1.51 0.67 0.84 0.53 0.70
1999 0.16 0.73 0.47 1.02 0.80 0.70 1.39 0.72 0.37 0.74 0.44 0.58
2000 0.26 1.02 0.80 0.97 0.71 0.79 0.91 1.04 0.48 0.65 0.40 0.60
2001 0.20 0.77 0.80 1.32 0.79 0.81 1.41 0.61 0.42 0.65 0.42 0.62
2002 0.30 0.81 0.44 0.95 0.57 0.69 1.29 0.91 0.37 0.45 0.36 0.53
1998-2002 ave 0.21 0.87 0.57 1.07 0.76 0.77 1.21 0.96 0.46 0.66 0.43 0.61
Fatal & Serious
1994-98 ave 1.83 6.35 10.25 8.98 16.56 8.17 12.83 21.37 6.00 20.38 9.00 8.56
1993 1.90 6.83 11.72 10.08 17.84 9.04 12.45 20.91 7.46 20.45 9.22 9.13
1994 2.34 7.04 11.19 10.19 20.93 9.71 14.32 27.07 7.38 25.18 11.02 10.34
1995 2.13 7.09 11.58 9.56 20.02 9.35 12.90 24.10 6.44 23.50 10.09 9.71
1996 1.35 6.12 10.30 7.96 14.18 7.32 12.68 18.72 5.43 18.48 8.23 7.75
1997 1.92 5.76 9.13 8.72 14.08 7.40 12.06 18.07 5.58 17.66 7.91 7.64
1998 1.50 5.85 9.07 8.59 13.96 7.25 12.22 18.99 5.27 17.32 7.85 7.53
1999 1.49 5.00 9.66 8.16 12.82 6.66 11.81 15.43 5.13 17.26 7.54 7.08
2000 1.58 5.80 8.72 7.42 11.90 6.51 11.07 15.14 5.37 15.33 6.94 6.72
2001 1.34 5.19 8.53 8.11 10.51 6.18 10.91 14.09 4.27 14.49 6.46 6.32
2002 1.32 4.07 7.67 6.91 10.88 5.50 10.16 14.84 4.21 12.68 5.89 5.69
1998-2002 ave 1.44 5.17 8.72 7.83 12.02 6.41 11.23 15.73 4.84 15.36 6.92 6.65
All severities
1994-98 ave 7.94 19.25 48.12 28.49 80.35 31.40 40.39 94.13 20.98 99.40 39.65 35.31
1993 7.13 21.18 51.47 32.82 88.96 35.28 43.10 92.34 24.51 100.16 40.84 37.98
1994 8.14 20.23 44.52 29.13 88.77 33.62 38.23 102.57 21.20 104.21 41.35 37.36
1995 8.06 19.68 50.74 28.96 82.45 32.47 38.09 93.85 21.15 102.42 40.31 36.21
1996 6.84 19.23 47.93 26.36 76.17 29.94 40.92 90.68 21.16 98.19 39.20 34.32
1997 8.36 18.73 50.28 28.94 77.90 30.86 41.58 88.53 21.48 99.11 39.32 34.83
1998 8.27 18.51 47.05 29.08 76.99 30.33 43.00 95.11 19.94 93.42 38.18 34.01
1999 8.37 16.90 44.59 25.97 67.49 27.18 40.16 80.75 20.26 88.61 35.76 31.24
2000 8.44 17.73 39.56 25.66 65.86 26.92 39.22 74.68 19.85 87.90 34.96 30.76
2001 9.31 16.76 41.98 25.75 62.32 26.07 37.80 79.02 17.79 82.95 33.41 29.56
2002 8.32 15.11 37.00 24.53 62.73 24.72 34.87 78.35 18.08 75.35 30.89 27.67
1998-2002 ave 8.55 16.98 42.01 26.19 67.09 27.02 38.99 81.69 19.16 85.43 34.57 30.61
1. The figures for 1993 to 2001 (inclusive) differ from those which were available previously, as DfT has revised its method of estimating
traffic volumes for 1993 onwards. As the traffic estimates for 1992 are on a different basis, that year is not shown in the table.
2. The figures for minor roads have been revised greatly from those published previously following DfT's introduction of
a new and improved method of estimating the volume of traffic on minor roads - see section 4.3 of the text.
3. Traffic estimates are now based on an "urban/rural" split which differs slightly from the "built-up/non built-up" classification used
for the number of accidents. Therefore, these rates are approximations: the "non-built up" rate is the number of accidents
on "non-built up" roads divided by the estimated volume of traffic on "rural" roads, for example.
roads
C & Unclassified Trunk A LA A B roads
55
Table 5 Accidents
(c) Accident rates on major roads by police force area and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages
Severity/ Trunk Local Authority All
Motorways A roads A roads
(1)
Major
Police force area Roads
Accident rate per 100 million vehicle km - for 1994-98 average
Fatal
Northern - 1.0 1.8 1.3
Grampian - 1.0 1.2 1.1
Tayside 0.1 0.9 1.2 0.9
Fife - 0.9 0.8 0.7
Lothian & Borders 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.8
Central 0.3 1.6 1.0 0.9
Strathclyde 0.2 1.1 1.0 0.8
Dumfries & Galloway 0.2 1.3 1.4 1.1
Scotland 0.2 1.0 1.1 0.9
Fatal & Serious
Northern - 8.6 12.1 9.9
Grampian - 4.3 8.9 6.6
Tayside 1.8 6.0 13.4 8.2
Fife 1.1 4.8 8.4 6.3
Lothian & Borders 1.1 3.7 9.6 6.6
Central 2.2 11.9 11.9 8.7
Strathclyde 2.1 8.7 14.5 9.4
Dumfries & Galloway 1.4 6.9 12.4 6.9
Scotland 1.8 6.7 11.9 8.2
All severities
Northern - 23.3 32.1 26.6
Grampian - 18.2 39.2 28.6
Tayside 5.5 16.4 38.7 23.3
Fife 5.4 15.3 30.8 22.6
Lothian & Borders 5.9 20.3 58.4 39.3
Central 6.7 29.9 37.1 26.0
Strathclyde 10.0 29.7 57.9 36.8
Dumfries & Galloway 3.6 17.2 36.2 18.5
Scotland 7.9 22.1 48.2 31.4
Percentage above/below Scottish average - for 1994-98 average
Fatal & Serious
Northern n/a 27 2 21
Grampian n/a -36 -25 -20
Tayside -3 -12 13 -
Fife -39 -29 -29 -23
Lothian & Borders -38 -46 -19 -20
Central 18 77 1 7
Strathclyde 14 29 22 15
Dumfries & Galloway -24 3 4 -15
All severities
Northern n/a 5 -33 -15
Grampian n/a -18 -19 -9
Tayside -31 -26 -20 -26
Fife -33 -31 -36 -28
Lothian & Borders -26 -8 21 25
Central -16 35 -23 -17
Strathclyde 26 34 20 17
Dumfries & Galloway -54 -22 -25 -41
1. DfT has changed the method of estimating traffic volumes, with the result that estimates of rates for
"built-up" and "non built-up" roads may be unreliable for some areas - see the footnote in part (b) of Table 5.
Therefore, this table does not provide the breakdown that appeared in previous editions.
56
Table 5 Accidents
(c) Accident rates on major roads by police force area and severity - continued
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages
Severity/ Trunk Local Authority All
Motorways A roads A roads
(1)
Major
Police force area Roads
Accident rate per 100 million vehicle km - for 1998-2002 average
Fatal
Northern - 1.1 1.6 1.3
Grampian - 0.8 1.3 1.0
Tayside 0.2 0.7 1.1 0.8
Fife 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.7
Lothian & Borders 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.6
Central 0.3 1.4 0.9 0.8
Strathclyde 0.2 0.9 0.8 0.7
Dumfries & Galloway 0.2 0.9 1.2 0.7
Scotland 0.2 0.9 1.0 0.8
Fatal & Serious
Northern - 7.5 10.1 8.5
Grampian - 3.9 7.0 5.4
Tayside 1.7 4.5 10.7 6.5
Fife 1.2 3.5 7.1 5.1
Lothian & Borders 0.9 3.1 7.7 5.2
Central 1.4 10.8 9.9 7.0
Strathclyde 1.6 6.8 11.2 7.2
Dumfries & Galloway 1.3 5.7 9.0 5.0
Scotland 1.4 5.5 9.4 6.4
All severities
Northern - 22.1 28.0 24.3
Grampian - 14.3 28.7 21.4
Tayside 5.7 14.1 36.1 21.2
Fife 6.9 14.8 26.5 20.0
Lothian & Borders 8.4 15.1 48.5 31.9
Central 5.9 27.4 32.8 22.5
Strathclyde 10.4 26.1 51.6 32.4
Dumfries & Galloway 5.3 16.8 33.1 16.8
Scotland 8.6 19.4 41.5 27.0
Percentage above/below Scottish average - for 1998-2002 average
Fatal & Serious
Northern n/a 36 8 32
Grampian n/a -30 -26 -16
Tayside 17 -18 14 1
Fife -14 -36 -25 -20
Lothian & Borders -35 -44 -19 -20
Central -6 96 5 9
Strathclyde 13 23 19 12
Dumfries & Galloway -10 4 -4 -21
All severities
Northern n/a 14 -33 -10
Grampian n/a -26 -31 -21
Tayside -33 -27 -13 -22
Fife -19 -24 -36 -26
Lothian & Borders -2 -22 17 18
Central -31 41 -21 -17
Strathclyde 21 35 24 20
Dumfries & Galloway -38 -14 -20 -38
1. DfT has changed the method of estimating traffic volumes, with the result that estimates of rates for
"built-up" and "non built-up" roads may be unreliable for some areas - see the footnote in part (b) of Table 5.
Therefore, this table does not provide the breakdown that appeared in previous editions.
57
Table 6 Accidents
Fatal and serious accidents by month, separately for each road type
Years: 1998-2002 average
(Months adjusted to 30 day standard)
Trunk roads LA non built-up major roads
LA non built-up minor roads LA built-up major roads
LA built-up minor roads All roads
0
5
10
15
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
% of year total
0
5
10
15
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
% of year total
0
5
10
15
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
0
5
10
15
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
% of year total % of year total
0
5
10
15
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
0
5
10
15
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
% of year total % of year total
58
Table 6 Accidents
Accidents by severity, month and road type
Years: 1998-2002 average
(figures adjusted to standard 30 day month)
Trunk Local Authority Total Trunk Local Authority Total
All All
Major Minor Major Minor Roads Major Minor Major Minor Roads
Fatal numbers percentages
January 9 6 2 3 5 23 9.9 7.6 3.4 7.7 8.6 7.8
February 8 6 2 4 3 24 9.0 8.3 5.2 13.0 5.9 8.1
March 5 5 4 3 3 21 6.0 6.5 9.9 8.3 6.1 7.0
April 7 6 4 2 3 22 7.5 7.5 8.9 7.3 5.9 7.4
May 6 7 3 3 4 23 6.6 8.6 7.3 8.9 7.9 7.7
June 5 6 4 2 4 21 6.2 7.5 9.3 4.9 7.4 7.1
July 9 8 4 2 4 27 10.4 9.8 9.4 6.5 7.9 9.2
August 8 9 7 3 4 31 8.8 11.6 15.0 9.4 8.2 10.4
September 8 9 5 2 5 28 9.1 11.4 11.1 4.9 8.9 9.5
October 8 7 3 2 5 24 8.8 8.8 6.4 5.9 9.3 8.2
November 9 6 5 3 7 30 10.5 7.8 10.2 9.1 13.7 10.2
December 6 3 2 5 6 22 7.3 4.5 3.9 14.2 10.4 7.4
Year total 88 77 45 33 54 297 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Fatal &
Serious
January 45 34 28 37 87 231 7.8 6.1 6.3 7.2 7.4 7.1
February 43 46 33 43 95 261 7.5 8.2 7.5 8.4 8.1 8.0
March 38 38 29 44 91 240 6.6 6.7 6.6 8.5 7.8 7.3
April 45 41 32 42 81 240 7.8 7.4 7.2 8.1 6.9 7.4
May 44 51 39 39 108 281 7.7 9.1 8.8 7.6 9.2 8.6
June 50 55 44 35 93 277 8.7 9.8 10.0 6.7 8.0 8.5
July 59 59 46 35 93 292 10.3 10.5 10.4 6.9 7.9 8.9
August 58 56 50 44 109 316 10.0 9.9 11.4 8.4 9.3 9.7
September 51 48 40 41 101 281 9.0 8.5 9.1 8.0 8.6 8.6
October 50 47 36 50 104 286 8.6 8.3 8.3 9.7 8.9 8.8
November 44 45 36 50 113 288 7.7 8.1 8.2 9.7 9.7 8.8
December 48 41 27 55 97 268 8.3 7.3 6.2 10.7 8.3 8.2
Year total 574 561 439 516 1,171 3,261 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
All Severities
January 180 152 116 231 519 1,198 8.2 8.1 7.2 8.0 8.1 8.0
February 182 164 133 263 535 1,277 8.3 8.7 8.2 9.1 8.3 8.5
March 155 120 109 229 514 1,127 7.0 6.4 6.8 7.9 8.0 7.5
April 156 138 115 220 495 1,123 7.1 7.3 7.2 7.6 7.7 7.5
May 161 146 124 229 550 1,210 7.3 7.8 7.7 8.0 8.5 8.1
June 178 161 147 232 522 1,241 8.1 8.6 9.1 8.1 8.1 8.3
July 197 177 147 205 460 1,186 9.0 9.4 9.2 7.1 7.1 7.9
August 225 171 161 240 552 1,349 10.2 9.1 10.0 8.3 8.6 9.0
September 187 151 143 228 544 1,253 8.5 8.1 8.9 7.9 8.5 8.4
October 192 160 139 258 571 1,321 8.7 8.6 8.7 9.0 8.9 8.8
November 195 173 145 283 616 1,412 8.9 9.2 9.0 9.8 9.6 9.4
December 194 164 129 263 559 1,308 8.8 8.7 8.0 9.1 8.7 8.7
Year total 2,202 1,876 1,609 2,881 6,437 15,005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Note: As figures in this table have been adjusted to be 30 day months, they may not be comparable with other tables in
this publication.
Built-up Non Built-up Non Built-up Built-up
59
60
Table 7 Accidents
Accidents by light condition, road surface condition
(1)
, severity
Built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Built-up Non built-up Total
Light and Road Fatal Fatal & All Fatal Fatal & All Fatal Fatal & All
Surface Condition Serious Severities Serious Severities Serious Severities
Light Condition
Daylight
1994-98 average 60 1,471 7,857 138 1,140 3,869 198 2,611 11,726
1998 69 1,315 7,832 141 1,122 4,058 210 2,437 11,890
1999 44 1,272 7,288 113 1,058 3,825 157 2,330 11,113
2000 54 1,206 7,056 137 1,040 3,733 191 2,246 10,789
2001 50 1,034 6,774 139 1,049 3,765 189 2,083 10,539
2002 40 1,032 6,490 133 954 3,677 173 1,986 10,167
1998-2002 average 51 1,172 7,088 133 1,045 3,812 184 2,216 10,900
Darkness
1994-98 average 49 816 3,122 89 576 1,660 137 1,392 4,782
1998 47 685 2,911 82 535 1,718 129 1,220 4,629
1999 51 664 2,701 77 500 1,602 128 1,164 4,303
2000 39 560 2,710 67 497 1,621 106 1,057 4,331
2001 41 612 2,660 79 451 1,523 120 1,063 4,183
2002 31 559 2,676 71 399 1,474 102 958 4,150
1998-2002 average 42 616 2,732 75 476 1,588 117 1,092 4,319
Road Surface Condition
Dry
1994-98 average 60 1,397 6,760 124 872 2,592 184 2,269 9,352
1998 65 1,203 6,328 119 803 2,568 184 2,006 8,896
1999 63 1,197 6,087 99 771 2,376 162 1,968 8,463
2000 54 1,088 5,852 105 763 2,370 159 1,851 8,222
2001 50 994 5,840 113 722 2,324 163 1,716 8,164
2002 40 951 5,366 96 626 2,170 136 1,577 7,536
1998-2002 average 54 1,087 5,895 106 737 2,362 161 1,824 8,256
Wet/Damp/Flood
1994-98 average 47 848 3,975 93 737 2,485 141 1,585 6,460
1998 49 771 4,225 96 777 2,790 145 1,548 7,015
1999 31 696 3,645 83 686 2,503 114 1,382 6,148
2000 39 651 3,677 91 680 2,541 130 1,331 6,218
2001 39 605 3,286 96 648 2,407 135 1,253 5,693
2002 30 623 3,634 104 647 2,651 134 1,270 6,285
1998-2002 average 38 669 3,693 94 688 2,578 132 1,357 6,272
Snow/Frost/Ice
1994-98 average 1 41 245 9 108 451 10 149 696
1998 2 26 190 8 77 418 10 103 608
1999 1 41 245 7 89 514 8 130 759
2000 0 26 229 8 80 392 8 106 621
2001 2 46 301 8 113 523 10 159 824
2002 1 15 154 4 62 291 5 77 445
1998-2002 average 1 31 224 7 84 428 8 115 651
All conditions
(1)
1994-98 average 108 2,287 10,980 227 1,716 5,528 335 4,003 16,508
1998 116 2,000 10,743 223 1,657 5,776 339 3,657 16,519
1999 95 1,936 9,989 190 1,558 5,427 285 3,494 15,416
2000 93 1,766 9,766 204 1,537 5,354 297 3,303 15,120
2001 91 1,646 9,434 218 1,500 5,288 309 3,146 14,722
2002 71 1,591 9,166 204 1,353 5,151 275 2,944 14,317
1998-2002 average 93 1,788 9,820 208 1,521 5,399 301 3,309 15,219
1. Separate codes for the road surface conditions 'Oil or Diesel' and 'Mud' were used for the first time in 1999.
The accidents for which these codes were used are included in the 'All conditions' figures, but not under any of the other categories "Dry",
"Wet/Damp/Flood" or "Snow/Frost/Ice".
61
Table 8 Accidents
Accidents by junction detail and severity
Year: 1998 to 2002 average
Built-up roads
Non built-up roads
0 20 40 60 80 100
Other junction
Private drive
Multiple junction
Cross roads
Slip road
T/Y/staggered junction
Mini-roundabout
Roundabout
More than 20m from junction
Fatal
Serious
Slight
0 20 40 60 80 100
Other junction
Private drive
Multiple junction
Cross roads
Slip road
T/Y/staggered junction
Mini-roundabout
Roundabout
More than 20m from junction
Fatal
Serious
Slight
% of severity total for built-up roads
% of severity total for non built-up roads
62
Table 8 Accidents
Accidents by junction detail and severity
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Year: 1998 to 2002 average
Fatal Serious Slight
All
Severities
Fatal Serious Slight
All
Severities
numbers percentage of total
Built-up
More than 20m from
junction 45 772 2,995 3,812 48 46 37 39
Roundabout 3 60 521 583 3 4 6 6
Mini-roundabout - 6 42 48 - - 1 -
T/Y/staggered junction 31 596 2,994 3,621 34 35 37 37
Slip road - 9 55 64 - 1 1 1
Cross roads 10 172 1,014 1,197 11 10 13 12
Multiple junction - 22 115 138 - 1 1 1
Private drive 1 18 93 112 1 1 1 1
Other junction 2 40 202 244 2 2 3 2
Total 93 1,695 8,032 9,820 100 100 100 100
Non built-up
More than 20m from
junction 160 959 2,696 3,815 77 73 70 71
Roundabout 1 26 199 226 - 2 5 4
Mini-roundabout - 1 1 2 - - - -
T/Y/staggered junction 31 203 571 805 15 15 15 15
Slip road 5 32 150 187 2 2 4 3
Cross roads 5 34 88 126 2 3 2 2
Multiple junction - 3 10 13 - - - -
Private drive 4 30 88 121 2 2 2 2
Other junction 2 26 74 103 1 2 2 2
Total 208 1,313 3,878 5,399 100 100 100 100
Total
More than 20m from
junction 205 1,731 5,691 7,627 68 58 48 50
Roundabout 3 86 720 810 1 3 6 5
Mini-roundabout - 6 43 49 - - - -
T/Y/staggered junction 63 799 3,564 4,426 21 27 30 29
Slip road 5 41 205 252 2 1 2 2
Cross roads 15 206 1,102 1,323 5 7 9 9
Multiple junction - 25 126 151 - 1 1 1
Private drive 5 47 181 234 2 2 2 2
Other junction 4 66 276 347 1 2 2 2
Total 301 3,008 11,910 15,219 100 100 100 100
63
Accident Costs
Accident Costs: Details of Calculations
Tables 9 and 10 opposite provide the Department for Transports estimates of the values assigned to the cost of road
casualties and accidents in Great Britain in 2002, for use in cost-benefit analysis of the prevention of road casualties and
accidents in road schemes.
The valuation of casualty costs calculated for Great Britain for all levels of severity are now based on a willingness to
pay human cost approach. This is intended to encompass all aspects of the costs of casualties including both the human
cost and the direct economic cost. The human cost covers an amount to reflect the pain, grief and suffering to the
casualty, relatives and friends, and, for fatal casualties, the intrinsic loss of enjoyment of life over and above the
consumption of goods and services. The economic cost covers loss of output due to injury and medical costs.
The cost of an accident also includes:
i. the cost of damage to vehicles and property; and
ii. the cost of police and insurance administration.
Further information about the methods used by DfT to produce the estimates shown in Tables 9 and 10 is available from:-
Road Safety Branch 4
Department for Transport
Zone 2/09
Great Minster House
76 Marsham Street
LONDON
SW1P 4DR
(Tel: 020 7944 2040)
The cost per accident in Scotland and the total cost of all accidents in Scotland are given in Tables 11 and 12 opposite.
These costs for Scotland are calculated using the casualty costs for Great Britain and the number of casualties by severity
in accidents in Scotland. The costs per accident are higher in Scotland than in Great Britain because Scotland has more
casualties per accident and has a higher proportion of fatal and serious casualties in an accident.
Also estimated are the number of damage only accidents and their average costs.
The estimated total costs at 2002 prices of accidents in 2001 and earlier years are calculated by applying the estimated
per accident costs for 2002 to the number of accidents of each type in 2001 and earlier years.
64
Table 9 Accident Costs
Average cost per casualty by severity for Great Britain () at 2002 prices
Killed Seriously Slightly Average
Injured Injured all casualties
Average cost per casualty for Great Britain 1,249,890 140,450 10,830 40,290
Table 10
Costs per accident by element of cost and severity for Great Britain () at 2002 prices
Fatal Serious Slight Damage
only
Casualty related costs for GB:
Lost output 479,750 19,520 2,320
Medical/ambulance 5,400 11,700 980
Pain, grief, suffering 952,100 132,820 11,030
Police and damage to property costs for GB:
Police/administration 1,460 200 40 3
Damage to property - Motorways 12,890 11,000 5,570 1,940
- Non built-up roads 10,140 4,620 3,060 2,020
- Built-up roads 5,980 3,200 1,890 1,350
Total costs per accident for GB 1,447,490 168,260 16,750 1,490
Table 11
Cost per accident by road type and severity in Scotland () for 2002 at 2002 prices
Average Damage Average
Category of road Fatal Serious Slight for all only for all
injury accidents
accidents
Non built-up roads 1,493,976 188,371 18,240 116,819 2,023 15,068
Built-up roads 1,334,648 156,260 15,206 48,818 1,353 3,891
Motorways 1,858,353 172,140 20,822 106,182 1,943 14,064
All roads 1,475,366 169,737 16,308 72,936 1,484 6,206
Trunk roads only 1,635,828 189,063 18,527 121,043 1,808 13,364
Table 12
Total estimated accident costs in Scotland ( million) at 2002 prices, by severity
Years: 1992 to 2002
Injury Road Accidents Damage All
Non All injury only accidents
Motorway built-up Built-up accidents Fatal Serious Slight
1992 40.9 761.3 756.7 1,559.0 614.0 732.8 212.2 383.2 1,942.1
1993 42.2 683.4 637.1 1,362.7 526.6 633.1 203.0 352.8 1,715.5
1994 42.0 687.0 689.3 1,418.3 485.3 740.6 192.4 357.4 1,775.7
1995 37.1 712.9 684.7 1,434.7 546.6 695.0 193.0 351.4 1,786.1
1996 24.0 638.1 585.0 1,247.2 469.3 576.7 201.2 340.8 1,588.0
1997 41.2 695.9 547.6 1,284.7 501.4 572.1 211.2 351.5 1,636.2
1998 29.8 676.6 589.5 1,295.9 509.7 577.3 208.9 348.0 1,643.9
1999 31.8 575.7 536.8 1,144.2 406.4 541.8 196.0 324.4 1,468.6
2000 42.2 583.9 506.0 1,132.2 430.6 507.3 194.4 317.9 1,450.1
2001 34.4 614.4 482.5 1,131.4 459.0 483.1 189.2 308.9 1,440.2
2002 49.6 547.2 447.5 1,044.2 405.7 453.0 185.5 300.3 1,344.5
Accident Severity
Accident Severity
65
Table 13 Vehicles Involved
Vehicles involved by type
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Year Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(2)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(2)
Total
cycle cycle
(1)
Coach goods goods
numbers
1994-98
average 1,320 940 20,975 527 153 1,156 1,201 891 356 27,518
1992 1,331 1,233 21,739 373 191 1,433 1,504 1,209 293 29,306
1993 1,225 1,119 20,420 384 186 1,253 1,356 1,089 326 27,358
1994 1,416 935 20,843 408 154 1,308 1,307 988 335 27,694
1995 1,361 975 20,576 508 181 1,096 1,227 961 347 27,232
1996 1,346 867 20,343 571 140 1,095 1,137 805 372 26,676
1997 1,309 951 21,785 555 145 1,098 1,143 853 368 28,207
1998 1,167 972 21,328 594 145 1,181 1,189 847 358 27,781
1999 1,062 1,032 19,623 552 125 1,040 1,073 944 384 25,835
2000 898 1,154 19,273 589 134 1,110 984 923 473 25,538
2001 942 1,206 18,605 548 101 1,086 933 1,013 434 24,868
2002 853 1,196 18,162 499 115 1,057 853 996 374 24,105
1998-2002 984 1,112 19,398 556 124 1,095 1,006 945 405 25,625
average
Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001 -9 -1 -2 -9 14 -3 -9 -2 -14 -3
2002 on
1994-98 average -35 27 -13 -5 -25 -9 -29 12 5 -12
1. Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
2. Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
66
Table 14 Vehicles Involved
(a) Vehicles involved by manoeuvre and type of vehicle
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1998-2002 average
Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(2)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(2)
Total
(3)
cycle cycle
(1)
coach goods goods
Built-up
Reversing 5 2 278 14 5 8 34 14 10 370
Parked 2 2 568 15 6 84 44 27 14 762
Stopping 10 22 437 20 5 152 23 10 6 684
Starting 7 2 113 14 1 61 8 4 2 212
U turn 2 3 120 12 1 - 5 3 2 147
Turning/waiting turn left 24 15 406 15 1 35 19 17 9 541
Turning/waiting turn right 51 28 1,428 45 5 48 48 34 19 1,707
Changing lane 14 3 111 5 1 11 8 7 3 164
Overtaking 25 50 336 13 3 18 18 12 9 484
Going round bend 23 41 549 16 3 21 18 29 9 708
Waiting/going ahead 706 426 7,656 341 35 550 331 213 122 10,380
Total
(3)
867 595 12,003 509 67 987 555 370 206 16,160
Non built-up
Reversing 1 - 24 1 - - 2 6 3 36
Parked - - 79 1 2 6 12 17 9 125
Stopping 1 10 289 2 2 6 18 14 5 346
Starting - 1 17 - - 1 1 1 1 23
U turn - 1 22 - - - 2 1 1 27
Turning/waiting turn left 2 8 94 - 1 2 5 6 4 123
Turning/waiting turn right 8 10 482 5 5 5 27 27 33 603
Changing lane 5 6 109 - 1 1 8 28 3 161
Overtaking 1 53 343 1 2 5 20 21 4 450
Going round bend 13 196 1,734 11 15 19 85 116 34 2,223
Waiting/going ahead 86 232 4,201 25 29 62 271 338 103 5,346
Total
(3)
117 517 7,395 47 57 107 452 575 199 9,465
Total
Reversing 5 2 302 15 5 8 36 20 13 406
Parked 2 3 647 16 7 89 55 44 22 887
Stopping 11 32 726 22 6 158 41 24 12 1,031
Starting 8 3 131 14 2 62 9 5 2 235
U turn 2 3 142 12 1 - 7 3 3 174
Turning/waiting turn left 26 23 501 15 2 36 24 23 13 663
Turning/waiting turn right 60 38 1,910 50 10 54 75 61 52 2,310
Changing lane 19 9 220 5 2 13 16 35 6 325
Overtaking 25 102 679 14 5 24 38 33 13 934
Going round bend 36 238 2,283 27 19 40 102 145 43 2,931
Waiting/going ahead 791 659 11,856 366 64 611 603 550 225 15,726
Total
(3)
984 1,112 19,398 556 124 1,095 1,006 945 405 25,625
1. Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
2. Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
3. Totals include a small number of cases where the manoeuvre is unknown
67
Table 14 Vehicles Involved
(b) Vehicles involved by junction detail and type of vehicle
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1998-2002 average
Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(2)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(2)
Total
cycle cycle
(1)
coach goods goods
Built-up
Over 20m from junction 264 194 4,265 165 26 415 212 146 82 5,769
Roundabout 71 49 778 18 5 48 32 33 12 1,047
Mini roundabout 7 3 61 2 - 5 2 2 1 83
T/Y or staggered junction 390 252 4,539 189 25 337 213 118 68 6,131
Slip road 5 3 89 3 - 5 4 4 2 114
Crossroads 87 66 1,631 101 7 131 65 42 25 2,156
Multiple junction 9 5 177 12 - 17 6 7 4 238
Private drive 17 10 151 4 1 7 11 7 3 211
Other junction 16 14 311 16 2 23 10 10 8 411
Total 867 595 12,003 509 67 987 555 370 206 16,160
Non built-up
Over 20m from junction 76 355 4,955 28 42 68 315 419 129 6,387
Roundabout 8 26 312 3 1 6 13 25 5 400
Mini roundabout - - 2 - - - - - - 3
T/Y or staggered junction 22 83 1,255 9 9 20 77 79 35 1,589
Slip road 3 10 294 2 1 4 13 21 4 352
Crossroads 3 9 209 2 1 3 11 9 7 254
Multiple junction - 1 22 - - - 1 2 - 26
Private drive 2 18 179 2 3 4 15 12 12 247
Other junction 3 13 165 1 1 2 7 8 6 207
Total 117 517 7,395 47 57 107 452 575 199 9,465
Total
Over 20m from junction 340 549 9,220 193 68 483 527 565 211 12,156
Roundabout 79 75 1,090 22 6 54 45 59 17 1,446
Mini roundabout 7 4 63 2 - 5 2 2 1 86
T/Y or staggered junction 412 335 5,794 198 33 357 289 197 104 7,720
Slip road 8 13 384 5 1 9 17 24 6 467
Crossroads 90 75 1,840 103 9 134 76 51 32 2,410
Multiple junction 9 6 200 12 - 17 7 9 4 263
Private drive 19 28 331 6 3 10 26 19 15 458
Other junction 19 27 476 17 3 25 18 19 14 618
Total 984 1,112 19,398 556 124 1,095 1,006 945 405 25,625
1. Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
2. Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
68
Table 15 Cars Involved
Cars involved in accidents by manoeuvre and type of accident
(1)
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1998-2002 average
Type of Accident Type of Accident
Single Single Two Three/ Total Single Single Two Three/ Total
vehicle vehicle & vehicles more vehicle vehicle & vehicles more
pedestrian vehicles pedestrian vehicles
numbers percentages
Built-up
Reversing 5 151 113 9 278 1.0 5.9 1.6 0.5 2.3
Parked 1 5 271 291 568 0.2 0.2 3.8 15.6 4.7
Stopping 9 53 269 106 437 1.8 2.0 3.8 5.7 3.6
Starting 4 31 67 11 113 0.8 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.9
U Turn 1 6 102 10 120 0.2 0.2 1.5 0.5 1.0
Turning/wtg turn left 16 67 291 31 406 3.1 2.6 4.1 1.7 3.4
Turning/wtg turn right 22 91 1,178 137 1,428 4.2 3.5 16.7 7.3 11.9
Changing lane 1 5 94 11 111 0.2 0.2 1.3 0.6 0.9
Overtaking 7 118 179 33 336 1.2 4.6 2.5 1.8 2.8
Going round bend 168 55 286 40 549 31.5 2.2 4.1 2.1 4.6
Going/waiting go ahead 297 1,985 4,184 1,190 7,656 55.8 77.3 59.5 63.6 63.8
Total 532 2,567 7,035 1,869 12,003 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non built-up
Reversing 2 1 17 4 24 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.2 0.3
Parked 1 - 44 34 79 - 0.4 1.1 1.9 1.1
Stopping 8 2 139 140 289 0.5 1.5 3.6 8.0 3.9
Starting - - 14 2 17 - 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2
U Turn - - 20 2 22 - - 0.5 0.1 0.3
Turning/wtg turn left 12 - 70 12 94 0.7 0.2 1.8 0.7 1.3
Turning/wtg turn right 9 1 387 85 482 0.6 0.7 10.0 4.8 6.5
Changing lane 15 - 66 27 109 0.9 - 1.7 1.5 1.5
Overtaking 30 5 212 96 343 1.8 4.2 5.5 5.5 4.6
Going round bend 830 9 758 137 1,734 50.2 8.2 19.6 7.8 23.4
Going/waiting go ahead 745 91 2,144 1,221 4,201 45.1 83.4 55.4 69.3 56.8
Total 1,654 110 3,871 1,760 7,395 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total
Reversing 7 152 130 13 302 0.3 5.7 1.2 0.4 1.6
Parked 2 5 315 325 647 0.1 0.2 2.9 9.0 3.3
Stopping 18 54 408 246 726 0.8 2.0 3.7 6.8 3.7
Starting 5 31 82 13 131 0.2 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.7
U Turn 2 6 122 12 142 0.1 0.2 1.1 0.3 0.7
Turning/wtg turn left 29 67 361 43 501 1.3 2.5 3.3 1.2 2.6
Turning/wtg turn right 32 91 1,565 222 1,910 1.5 3.4 14.3 6.1 9.8
Changing lane 16 5 160 38 220 0.7 0.2 1.5 1.1 1.1
Overtaking 37 123 391 129 679 1.7 4.6 3.6 3.6 3.5
Going round bend 998 64 1,044 177 2,283 45.6 2.4 9.6 4.9 11.8
Going/waiting go ahead 1,042 2,076 6,328 2,410 11,856 47.7 77.6 58.0 66.4 61.1
Total 2,186 2,677 10,906 3,630 19,398 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1. Totals include a small number of cases where the manoeuvre is unknown.
69
Table 16 Drivers and riders
Estimated distance between the home of the driver or rider and the location of
the accident by type of vehicle: Scottish residents only
excluding cases for which the distance cannot be estimated
Year: 2002
All vehicles
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home (km)
Number of drivers
Cars
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home (km)
Motor cycles
0
50
100
150
200
250
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home (km)
Pedal cycles
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home (km)
Other vehicles
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home (km)
Number of drivers
Number of riders
Number of riders
Number of drivers
70
Table 16 Drivers and riders
Estimated distance between the home of the driver or rider and the location of
the accident by type of vehicle and police force area in which the accident occurred
(1)
Year: 2002
Lothian & Dumfries &
Northern Grampian Tayside Fife Borders Central Strathclyde Galloway Total
Pedal cycle rider
Postcode, invalid or not known 16 4 4 3 25 7 43 8 110
Driver from elsewhere in the UK 3 - - - - - 4 - 7
Scottish driver, distance not known - - - - - - 9 - 9
Vehicle parked and unattended - - - - - - - - -
Non - UK driver - 1 - - - - - - 1
Up to 2 km 14 52 45 19 145 20 153 12 460
Over 2 up to 5 km 5 12 9 5 64 7 45 1 148
Over 5 up to 10 km 2 5 3 2 20 2 19 - 53
Over 10 up to 20 km 2 5 - 2 9 1 15 - 34
Over 20 up to 50 km 1 2 2 - 4 - 3 2 14
Over 50 km 11 - 1 - 3 - 1 1 17
Total 54 81 64 31 270 37 292 24 853
Motor cycle rider
Postcode, invalid or not known 28 6 4 13 15 11 71 9 157
Driver from elsewhere in the UK 12 3 - - 16 - 4 2 37
Scottish driver, distance not known 2 - 1 - - - 19 - 22
Vehicle parked and unattended - - - - - - 2 - 2
Non - UK driver 10 1 1 - - 2 3 - 17
Up to 2 km 10 36 19 20 57 11 76 9 238
Over 2 up to 5 km 8 25 15 18 47 14 67 1 195
Over 5 up to 10 km 5 27 11 14 49 10 44 2 162
Over 10 up to 20 km 7 19 11 10 42 9 45 3 146
Over 20 up to 50 km 10 18 22 10 19 13 23 3 118
Over 50 km 28 8 21 2 11 9 18 5 102
Total 120 143 105 87 256 79 372 34 1,196
Car driver
Postcode, invalid or not known 189 95 98 92 445 132 1,658 113 2,822
Driver from elsewhere in the UK 45 41 24 13 118 19 146 41 447
Scottish driver, distance not known 6 2 2 11 8 17 253 12 311
Vehicle parked and unattended 5 6 - - - 1 143 - 155
Non - UK driver 31 4 8 - - 7 14 - 64
Up to 2 km 94 325 364 267 880 239 2,061 91 4,321
Over 2 up to 5 km 72 247 270 206 657 198 1,329 63 3,042
Over 5 up to 10 km 73 227 193 160 528 129 1,140 50 2,500
Over 10 up to 20 km 84 209 209 164 429 92 850 54 2,091
Over 20 up to 50 km 73 192 161 92 334 88 563 40 1,543
Over 50 km 190 92 111 29 153 42 204 45 866
Total 862 1,440 1,440 1,034 3,552 964 8,361 509 18,162
Other driver or rider
(2)
Postcode, invalid or not known 40 27 66 18 139 36 386 34 746
Driver from elsewhere in the UK 10 8 5 6 36 5 37 29 136
Scottish driver, distance not known - 1 - 2 3 4 53 1 64
Vehicle parked and unattended 1 2 - - - - 20 - 23
Non - UK driver 8 1 - - - 2 13 - 24
Up to 2 km 9 35 30 19 89 14 181 13 390
Over 2 up to 5 km 7 33 40 29 151 19 227 8 514
Over 5 up to 10 km 10 33 23 24 198 28 310 9 635
Over 10 up to 20 km 16 30 40 30 213 23 237 6 595
Over 20 up to 50 km 15 45 55 24 144 31 155 17 486
Over 50 km 38 34 59 12 55 12 61 10 281
Total 154 249 318 164 1,028 174 1,680 127 3,894
All drivers and riders
Postcode, invalid or not known 273 132 172 126 624 186 2,158 164 3,835
Driver from elsewhere in the UK 70 52 29 19 170 24 191 72 627
Scottish driver, distance not known 8 3 3 13 11 21 334 13 406
Vehicle parked and unattended 6 8 - - - 1 165 - 180
Non - UK driver 49 7 9 - - 11 30 - 106
Up to 2 km 127 448 458 325 1,171 284 2,471 125 5,409
Over 2 up to 5 km 92 317 334 258 919 238 1,668 73 3,899
Over 5 up to 10 km 90 292 230 200 795 169 1,513 61 3,350
Over 10 up to 20 km 109 263 260 206 693 125 1,147 63 2,866
Over 20 up to 50 km 99 257 240 126 501 132 744 62 2,161
Over 50 km 267 134 192 43 222 63 284 61 1,266
Total 1,190 1,913 1,927 1,316 5,106 1,254 10,705 694 24,105
1. The distance is estimated using the postcode of the house of the driver or rider, if this is available - please see Annex B.
2. 'Other' includes taxis, minibus, bus or coach, ridden horse, agricultural vehicles and goods vehicles.
71
72
Table 17 Car Drivers
Cars drivers involved in accidents by manoeuvre and age of driver
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1998-2002 average
not not
known known
or or
under under
17-22 23-29 30-59 60 and
over
17 Total 17-22 23-29 30-59 60 and
over
17 Total
numbers percentages
Built-up
Reversing 36 45 149 28 20 278 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.5 3.1 2.3
Parked 24 38 207 27 272 568 1.3 1.9 3.2 2.4 41.9 4.7
Stopping 61 76 255 31 14 437 3.4 3.8 3.9 2.8 2.2 3.6
Starting 13 16 61 15 9 113 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 0.9
U Turn 17 20 63 16 4 120 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 0.7 1.0
Turning/wtg turn left 59 61 219 46 21 406 3.3 3.1 3.4 4.1 3.2 3.4
Turning/wtg turn right 220 232 784 158 34 1,428 12.3 11.7 12.1 14.0 5.2 11.9
Changing lane 12 20 56 10 13 111 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 0.9
Overtaking 55 57 183 28 13 336 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.0 2.8
Going round bend 143 104 257 33 12 549 8.0 5.2 4.0 2.9 1.9 4.6
Going/wtg go ahead 1,146 1,317 4,223 734 235 7,656 64.2 66.3 65.4 65.1 36.2 63.8
Total
(1)
1,785 1,985 6,457 1,128 648 12,003 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non built-up
Reversing 4 2 14 4 0 24 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3
Parked 5 8 42 5 18 79 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.7 14.3 1.1
Stopping 29 51 178 28 3 289 2.2 4.0 4.5 3.9 2.5 3.9
Starting 1 3 9 3 0 17 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2
U Turn 3 4 12 3 0 22 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.3
Turning/wtg turn left 15 12 53 13 2 94 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.3
Turning/wtg turn right 60 61 262 94 6 482 4.6 4.8 6.6 12.9 4.6 6.5
Changing lane 16 20 55 10 7 109 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.3 5.3 1.5
Overtaking 75 67 166 24 12 343 5.7 5.3 4.2 3.2 9.3 4.6
Going round bend 461 315 813 127 18 1,734 35.2 24.9 20.5 17.3 14.3 23.4
Going/wtg go ahead 640 724 2,356 422 60 4,201 48.9 57.1 59.5 57.6 47.0 56.8
Total
(1)
1,308 1,268 3,959 733 127 7,395 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total
Reversing 39 47 163 32 21 302 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 2.7 1.6
Parked 29 47 249 32 290 647 0.9 1.4 2.4 1.7 37.4 3.3
Stopping 90 126 432 60 17 726 2.9 3.9 4.1 3.2 2.2 3.7
Starting 14 19 70 18 9 131 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.1 0.7
U Turn 19 24 75 19 4 142 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.7
Turning/wtg turn left 74 73 272 59 23 501 2.4 2.3 2.6 3.2 2.9 2.6
Turning/wtg turn right 279 293 1,045 253 40 1,910 9.0 9.0 10.0 13.6 5.1 9.8
Changing lane 28 40 112 20 20 220 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 2.6 1.1
Overtaking 130 124 349 52 25 679 4.2 3.8 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.5
Going round bend 604 419 1,069 159 31 2,283 19.5 12.9 10.3 8.6 3.9 11.8
Going/wtg go ahead 1,786 2,040 6,579 1,157 295 11,856 57.7 62.7 63.2 62.1 38.0 61.1
Total
(1)
3,093 3,253 10,416 1,861 775 19,398 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1. Totals include a small number of cases where the manoeuvre is unknown
Age of Driver Age of Driver
73
Table 18 Car drivers
Car drivers involved in accidents by age and sex
Years: 1992 to 2002
0
5
10
15
20
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Male
Female
Rate per thousand population
(a) 17-22
0
5
10
15
20
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Male
Female
Rate per thousand population
(b) 23-29
0
5
10
15
20
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Male
Female
Rate per thousand population
(c) 30-59
0
5
10
15
20
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Male
Female
Rate per thousand population
(d) 60+
0
5
10
15
20
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
17-22
23-29
30-59
60+
Rate per thousand population
(e) Male
0
5
10
15
20
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
17-22
23-29
30-59
60+
Rate per thousand population
(f) Female
74
Table 18 Car Drivers
Car drivers involved in accidents by age and sex
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Year Numbers Rates per thousand population
17-22 23-29 30-59 60+ Total
(2)
17-22 23-29 30-59 60+ Total
(3)
Male 1994-98 average 2,600 2,660 6,616 1,375 13,514 13.5 10.2 6.6 3.2 7.0
1992 3,175 3,000 7,125 1,413 14,875 14.5 10.5 7.4 3.3 7.8
1993 2,672 2,853 6,351 1,376 13,415 12.6 10.1 6.5 3.2 7.0
1994 2,674 2,808 6,531 1,297 13,578 13.3 10.1 6.6 3.0 7.0
1995 2,635 2,764 6,404 1,332 13,415 13.6 10.1 6.4 3.1 6.9
1996 2,574 2,541 6,334 1,354 13,060 13.6 9.6 6.3 3.1 6.8
1997 2,641 2,657 6,901 1,482 13,993 14.1 10.5 6.8 3.4 7.2
1998 2,476 2,531 6,911 1,410 13,523 13.1 10.5 6.7 3.2 7.0
1999 2,157 2,190 6,491 1,342 12,287 11.4 9.5 6.3 3.0 6.4
2000 2,118 1,940 6,340 1,385 11,869 11.0 8.9 6.1 3.1 6.2
2001 2,039 1,787 6,077 1,331 11,304 10.4 8.5 5.8 2.9 5.9
2002 2,036 1,612 6,013 1,366 11,111 10.3 7.8 5.7 3.0 5.8
1998-2002 average 2,165 2,012 6,366 1,367 12,019 11.2 9.1 6.1 3.1 6.3
Female 1994-98 average 1,072 1,475 3,610 417 6,643 5.6 5.5 3.5 0.7 3.1
1992 1,213 1,438 3,113 369 6,160 5.6 5.0 3.1 0.6 2.9
1993 1,065 1,364 3,156 391 6,010 5.1 4.8 3.1 0.6 2.8
1994 1,120 1,430 3,318 352 6,269 5.6 5.0 3.2 0.6 2.9
1995 1,008 1,503 3,287 389 6,257 5.3 5.4 3.2 0.6 2.9
1996 1,080 1,427 3,547 429 6,557 5.7 5.3 3.4 0.7 3.1
1997 1,114 1,520 3,857 454 7,020 5.9 5.9 3.7 0.7 3.3
1998 1,040 1,497 4,040 459 7,112 5.5 6.0 3.8 0.7 3.3
1999 971 1,344 3,850 472 6,652 5.1 5.6 3.6 0.8 3.1
2000 841 1,178 3,951 509 6,501 4.4 5.1 3.6 0.8 3.1
2001 897 1,095 3,920 504 6,437 4.7 5.0 3.6 0.8 3.0
2002 827 1,037 3,880 509 6,270 4.3 4.9 3.5 0.8 2.9
1998-2002 average 915 1,230 3,928 491 6,594 4.8 5.4 3.6 0.8 3.1
Total
(4)
1994-98 average 3,687 4,153 10,287 1,794 20,975 9.6 7.8 5.0 1.7 5.0
1992 4,390 4,440 10,408 1,783 21,739 10.1 7.7 5.3 1.7 5.3
1993 3,738 4,218 9,925 1,770 20,420 8.9 7.4 5.0 1.7 4.9
1994 3,834 4,261 9,889 1,649 20,843 9.6 7.6 4.9 1.6 4.9
1995 3,646 4,269 9,694 1,722 20,576 9.5 7.8 4.8 1.7 4.8
1996 3,661 3,973 9,921 1,786 20,343 9.7 7.4 4.8 1.7 4.8
1997 3,774 4,230 10,923 1,942 21,785 10.1 8.3 5.3 1.9 5.2
1998 3,519 4,031 11,006 1,871 21,328 9.3 8.2 5.3 1.8 5.1
1999 3,139 3,547 10,461 1,819 19,623 8.3 7.6 5.0 1.7 4.7
2000 2,973 3,129 10,414 1,900 19,273 7.8 7.0 4.9 1.8 4.6
2001 2,952 2,895 10,136 1,837 18,605 7.6 6.7 4.7 1.7 4.4
2002 2,883 2,661 10,063 1,878 18,162 7.4 6.4 4.7 1.7 4.3
1998-2002 average 3,093 3,253 10,416 1,861 19,398 8.1 7.2 4.9 1.8 4.6
Male 1994-98 average 2.4 1.8 1.8 3.3 2.0 2.4 1.8 1.9 4.7 2.3
to 1992 2.6 2.1 2.3 3.8 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.4 5.5 2.7
Female 1993 2.5 2.1 2.0 3.5 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.1 5.1 2.5
Ratio 1994 2.4 2.0 2.0 3.7 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.0 5.3 2.4
1995 2.6 1.8 1.9 3.4 2.1 2.6 1.9 2.0 4.9 2.4
1996 2.4 1.8 1.8 3.2 2.0 2.4 1.8 1.9 4.5 2.2
1997 2.4 1.7 1.8 3.3 2.0 2.4 1.8 1.9 4.6 2.2
1998 2.4 1.7 1.7 3.1 1.9 2.4 1.8 1.8 4.3 2.1
1999 2.2 1.6 1.7 2.8 1.8 2.2 1.7 1.8 3.9 2.1
2000 2.5 1.6 1.6 2.7 1.8 2.5 1.7 1.7 3.7 2.0
2001 2.3 1.6 1.6 2.6 1.8 2.2 1.7 1.6 3.6 2.0
2002 2.5 1.6 1.5 2.7 1.8 2.4 1.6 1.6 3.6 2.0
1998-2002 average 2.4 1.6 1.6 2.8 1.8 2.3 1.7 1.7 3.8 2.0
(1) In some cases, a driver's age and/or sex was not known. Such drivers are counted in the table on the basis of whatever details are known - i.e. in the appropriate age-groups
if their ages are known, and in the appropriate sex category if their sex is known. The 'all ages' totals include those whose ages were not traced, and the 'both sexes' totals include
those of unknown sex. The grand totals include those for whom neither the age nor the sex was known, most of whom will be the drivers of cars
which were parked at the time of the accident.
(2) Including drivers whose age is not known.
(3) Excludes drivers under 17 and those where ages and sex are not known.
(4) Including drivers whose age is not known.
75
Table 19 Drivers Breath Tested
Motorists involved in accidents with positive or refused breath test
Years: 1994-98 average and 2002
Police Force
0 1 2 3 4 5
Percent of motorists involved
Northern
Grampian
Tayside
Fife
Lothian & Borders
Central
Strathclyde
Dumfries & Galloway
Scotland
1994-98 ave
2000
76
Table 19 Drivers Breath Tested
Motorists involved in accidents, breath tested and breath test results, by police force
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Lothian Dumfries
Year Northern Grampian Tayside Fife & Central Strathclyde & Scotland
Borders Galloway
(a) Numbers
Motorists involved 1994-98 average 1,328 2,329 2,085 1,272 5,344 1,239 11,894 685 26,176
1998 1,459 2,214 2,018 1,213 5,644 1,264 12,057 724 26,593
1999 1,377 1,941 1,994 1,174 5,137 1,202 11,323 599 24,747
2000 1,243 1,959 1,893 1,337 5,231 1,085 11,173 693 24,614
2001 1,254 1,859 2,001 1,205 5,089 1,036 10,764 690 23,898
2002 1,134 1,828 1,861 1,285 4,834 1,217 10,402 670 23,231
1998-2002 average 1,293 1,960 1,953 1,243 5,187 1,161 11,144 675 24,617
Breath test 1994-98 average 1,017 1,749 1,689 966 3,249 757 7,859 516 17,802
requested 1998 1,100 1,623 1,688 915 3,578 738 7,940 553 18,135
1999 1,052 1,433 1,651 884 3,200 684 7,273 457 16,634
2000 866 1,433 1,678 933 3,166 581 6,817 503 15,977
2001 867 1,306 1,702 844 3,115 542 6,334 489 15,199
2002 846 1,251 1,536 892 3,053 559 6,020 471 14,628
1998-2002 average 946 1,409 1,651 894 3,222 621 6,877 495 16,115
Positive/ refused 1994-98 average 62 65 45 26 81 29 238 21 566
1998 56 63 50 26 80 25 219 29 548
1999 69 54 54 23 75 14 209 14 512
2000 50 55 45 21 90 30 208 30 529
2001 39 51 33 33 81 29 213 29 508
2002 36 58 53 25 80 28 204 22 506
1998-2002 average 50 56 47 26 81 25 211 25 521
(b) Percentages
Breath test 1994-98 average 76.5 75.1 81.0 76.0 60.8 61.1 66.1 75.3 68.0
requested as 1998 75.4 73.3 83.6 75.4 63.4 58.4 65.9 76.4 68.2
percent of 1999 76.4 73.8 82.8 75.3 62.3 56.9 64.2 76.3 67.2
motorists involved 2000 69.7 73.1 88.6 69.8 60.5 53.5 61.0 72.6 64.9
2001 69.1 70.3 85.1 70.0 61.2 52.3 58.8 70.9 63.6
2002 74.6 68.4 82.5 69.4 63.2 45.9 57.9 70.3 63.0
1998-2002 average 73.2 71.9 84.5 71.9 62.1 53.5 61.7 73.3 65.5
Positive/refused 1994-98 average 4.6 2.8 2.1 2.1 1.5 2.3 2.0 3.1 2.2
as percent of 1998 3.8 2.8 2.5 2.1 1.4 2.0 1.8 4.0 2.1
motorists involved 1999 5.0 2.8 2.7 2.0 1.5 1.2 1.8 2.3 2.1
2000 4.0 2.8 2.4 1.6 1.7 2.8 1.9 4.3 2.1
2001 3.1 2.7 1.6 2.7 1.6 2.8 2.0 4.2 2.1
2002 3.2 3.2 2.8 1.9 1.7 2.3 2.0 3.3 2.2
1998-2002 average 3.9 2.9 2.4 2.1 1.6 2.2 1.9 3.7 2.1
Positive/refused 1994-98 average 6.1 3.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 3.8 3.0 4.1 3.2
as percent of 1998 5.1 3.9 3.0 2.8 2.2 3.4 2.8 5.2 3.0
those where 1999 6.6 3.8 3.3 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.9 3.1 3.1
breath test 2000 5.8 3.8 2.7 2.3 2.8 5.2 3.1 6.0 3.3
requested 2001 4.5 3.9 1.9 3.9 2.6 5.4 3.4 5.9 3.3
2002 4.3 4.6 3.5 2.8 2.6 5.0 3.4 4.7 3.5
1998-2002 average 5.3 4.0 2.8 2.9 2.5 4.1 3.1 5.0 3.2
77
78
Table 20 Drivers Breath Tested
Motorists involved in accidents, breath tested and breath test results,
by day and time, 1998-2002 average
Time Monday- Friday Saturday Sunday Total
(1)
Thursday
(average per day)
(a) Numbers
Motorists involved 00-03 63 83 234 268 838
03-06 42 56 109 114 447
06-09 508 493 186 106 2,816
09-12 548 543 499 283 3,516
12-15 637 796 845 686 4,875
15-18 941 1,180 755 681 6,381
18-21 552 679 542 449 3,878
21-24 241 366 308 228 1,867
Total 3,532 4,197 3,478 2,815 24,617
Breath test requested 00-03 42 58 157 190 574
03-06 27 36 74 74 290
06-09 331 308 129 73 1,835
09-12 350 328 330 184 2,242
12-15 401 506 557 466 3,131
15-18 606 769 496 462 4,153
18-21 366 460 369 312 2,605
21-24 166 256 206 159 1,285
Total 2,288 2,721 2,319 1,921 16,115
Positive/refused 00-03 10 14 37 40 131
03-06 4 8 21 24 69
06-09 2 5 9 7 29
09-12 2 4 6 5 24
12-15 3 4 7 4 26
15-18 7 10 11 9 58
18-21 9 16 19 14 84
21-24 10 22 24 15 100
Total 46 83 134 119 521
(b) Percentages
Breath test requested 00-03 67.0 70.2 67.0 70.8 68.5
as a percentage of 03-06 63.2 63.3 68.1 64.9 64.9
motorists involved 06-09 65.2 62.5 69.5 69.5 65.1
09-12 63.9 60.3 66.2 65.2 63.8
12-15 62.9 63.5 65.9 67.9 64.2
15-18 64.4 65.2 65.7 67.9 65.1
18-21 66.3 67.8 68.0 69.4 67.2
21-24 68.8 70.1 67.1 69.4 68.8
Total 64.8 64.8 66.7 68.2 65.5
Positive/refused 00-03 15.8 16.9 15.8 14.9 15.6
as a percentage of 03-06 9.2 14.2 19.6 21.4 15.5
motorists involved 06-09 0.4 1.0 4.7 6.4 1.0
09-12 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.7 0.7
12-15 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5
15-18 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.4 0.9
18-21 1.6 2.3 3.6 3.1 2.2
21-24 4.1 6.1 7.7 6.7 5.4
Total 1.3 2.0 3.9 4.2 2.1
Positive/refused as a 00-03 23.5 24.1 23.6 21.0 22.8
percentage of those where 03-06 14.5 22.5 28.8 33.0 23.9
breath test requested 06-09 0.6 1.6 6.8 9.3 1.6
09-12 0.7 1.2 1.8 2.6 1.1
12-15 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.9 0.8
15-18 1.1 1.4 2.2 2.0 1.4
18-21 2.4 3.4 5.3 4.5 3.2
21-24 5.9 8.7 11.4 9.6 7.8
Total 2.0 3.0 5.8 6.2 3.2
(1) Includes four times the daily average for Monday - Thursday.
79
Table 21 Drivers Breath Tested
Motorists involved in accidents with positive or refused breath test
Years: 1992 to 2002
(a) Late afternoon/evening to night time (3pm-3am)
0
50
100
150
200
250
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Midnight-3am
3pm-6pm
6pm-9pm
9pm-Midnight
(b) Early morning to early afternoon (3am-3pm)
0
50
100
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
3am-6am
6am-9am
9am-Midday
Midday-3pm
80
Table 21 Drivers Breath Tested
Motorists involved in accidents and breath tested, by time of day
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Motorists breath test results, by time of day, 1998 to 2002
Time of day
Year
00.00
to
02.59
03.00
to
05.59
06.00
to
08.59
09.00
to
11.59
12.00
to
14.59
15.00
to
17.59
18.00
to
20.59
21.00
to
23.59 Total
(a) Numbers
Motorists involved 1994-98 average 961 398 2,943 3,619 5,096 6,794 4,296 2,068 26,176
1998 842 444 3,143 3,660 5,350 6,958 4,167 2,029 26,593
1999 819 486 2,904 3,609 4,807 6,258 4,021 1,843 24,747
2000 875 409 2,717 3,632 4,901 6,340 3,932 1,808 24,614
2001 837 445 2,847 3,335 4,706 6,232 3,683 1,813 23,898
2002 815 451 2,469 3,343 4,609 6,117 3,585 1,842 23,231
1998-2002 average 838 447 2,816 3,516 4,875 6,381 3,878 1,867 24,617
Breath tests requested 1994-98 average 680 264 1,901 2,417 3,406 4,601 3,056 1,478 17,802
1998 611 306 2,064 2,466 3,607 4,665 2,940 1,476 18,135
1999 569 341 1,970 2,393 3,142 4,185 2,759 1,275 16,634
2000 587 247 1,762 2,270 3,094 4,174 2,611 1,232 15,977
2001 550 271 1,847 2,059 2,962 3,872 2,394 1,244 15,199
2002 553 285 1,530 2,021 2,848 3,871 2,321 1,199 14,628
1998-2002 average 574 290 1,835 2,242 3,131 4,153 2,605 1,285 16,115
Positive/refused 1994-98 average 149 54 32 20 27 63 99 122 566
1992 190 61 26 16 25 56 110 149 633
1993 186 44 18 18 44 61 104 140 615
1994 162 40 23 18 24 79 102 116 564
1995 150 50 26 26 24 57 117 127 577
1996 160 49 31 11 19 66 89 131 556
1997 146 62 39 23 37 57 101 122 587
1998 128 69 40 24 30 57 87 113 548
1999 128 68 24 32 28 50 82 100 512
2000 135 66 27 19 26 62 88 106 529
2001 133 68 33 22 18 64 71 99 508
2002 129 75 21 23 28 55 92 83 506
1998-2002 average 131 69 29 24 26 58 84 100 521
(b) Percentages
Breath test requested 1994-98 average 70.7 66.3 64.6 66.8 66.8 67.7 71.1 71.4 68.0
as percent of motorists 1998 72.6 68.9 65.7 67.4 67.4 67.0 70.6 72.7 68.2
involved 1999 69.5 70.2 67.8 66.3 65.4 66.9 68.6 69.2 67.2
2000 67.1 60.4 64.9 62.5 63.1 65.8 66.4 68.1 64.9
2001 65.7 60.9 64.9 61.7 62.9 62.1 65.0 68.6 63.6
2002 67.9 63.2 62.0 60.5 61.8 63.3 64.7 65.1 63.0
1998-2002 average 68.5 64.9 65.1 63.8 64.2 65.1 67.2 68.8 65.5
Positive/refused as 1994-98 average 15.5 13.6 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.9 2.3 5.9 2.2
percent of motorists 1998 15.2 15.5 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.8 2.1 5.6 2.1
involved 1999 15.6 14.0 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 2.0 5.4 2.1
2000 15.4 16.1 1.0 0.5 0.5 1.0 2.2 5.9 2.1
2001 15.9 15.3 1.2 0.7 0.4 1.0 1.9 5.5 2.1
2002 15.8 16.6 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.9 2.6 4.5 2.2
1998-2002 average 15.6 15.5 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.9 2.2 5.4 2.1
Positive/refused as 1994-98 average 22.0 20.4 1.7 0.8 0.8 1.4 3.2 8.2 3.2
percent of those where 1998 20.9 22.5 1.9 1.0 0.8 1.2 3.0 7.7 3.0
breath test requested 1999 22.5 19.9 1.2 1.3 0.9 1.2 3.0 7.8 3.1
2000 23.0 26.7 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.5 3.4 8.6 3.3
2001 24.2 25.1 1.8 1.1 0.6 1.7 3.0 8.0 3.3
2002 23.3 26.3 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.4 4.0 6.9 3.5
1998-2002 average 22.8 23.9 1.6 1.1 0.8 1.4 3.2 7.8 3.2
81
Table 22 Drink-drive accidents and casualties
(a) Accidents which involved motor vehicle drivers or riders with illegal alcohol levels
Years: 1991 to 2001
(b) Casualties in accidents which involved motor vehicle drivers or riders with
illegal alcohol levels
Years: 1991 to 2001
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
All severities
Slight
Serious
Fatal
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Serious
Killed
All severities
Slight
82
Drink-drive accidents and casualties
Drink-drive estimates: background
1. Each year, the Department for Transport, estimates the numbers of injury road accidents involving illegal alcohol
levels (i.e. above the current drink-drive limit of 80 milligrams (mg) of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of blood). DfT
publishes its estimates for Great Britain as a whole in an article in its Road Casualties Great Britain statistical
volume (which was formerly called Road Accidents Great Britain). Although that article does not provide separate
figures for Scotland (or for other parts of Great Britain), DfT produces them as part of its calculations, and these appear
in the table below. Because of the uncertainty involved, each estimate is rounded to the nearest ten. The totals, and the
annual averages for the five-year periods, have been calculated from the unrounded estimates, and then rounded to the
nearest ten.
2. The basis of the estimates is described in the DfT publication. Briefly, they use information from the Road
Accidents statistical returns about the numbers of injury road accidents in which one (or more) motor vehicle drivers or
riders refused to give a breath test specimen or failed the breath test (by registering over 35 micrograms per 100
millilitres of breath) and information from Procurators Fiscal (and Coroners in England and Wales) about the blood
alcohol levels of road users who died within 12 hours of being injured in a road accident. These two sets of
information must be used because, for example, some drivers are too seriously injured to be breath tested. The
calculations are intended to produce estimates which include allowances for the numbers of cases (e.g.) where drivers
or riders were not breath tested because they left the scene of the accident, or where their blood alcohol levels were not
reported, for example because they died more than 12 hours after the accident.
3. Estimates for 2002 are not yet available because of the timing of the provision of the results of the blood alcohol
tests to DfT.
4. There are no estimates for Scotland of the number of alcohol-related injury road accidents which involve legal
alcohol levels (i.e. alcohol levels up to the current drink-drive limit of 80mg of alcohol per 100ml of blood), nor are
there any estimates for Scotland of the numbers of non-injury (damage only) road accidents involving illegal alcohol
levels.
5. The figures given here differ from the numbers of drivers with positive (or refused) breath tests. While the Police
aim to breath test all drivers involved in an accident, wherever possible, they cannot do so in some cases (for example,
hit and run drivers, or where they cannot administer a breath test due to the nature of the injury). In recent years,
around two-thirds of motorists involved in injury road accidents in Scotland have been breath tested.
Table 22
Accidents which involved motor vehicle drivers or riders with illegal alcohol levels
(1)
, by severity of accident; and
casualties in such accidents, by severity
Years: 1991 to 2001, 1994-98 average and 1997-2001 average
Estimated numbers, adjusted for under-reporting
(2)
Number of accidents Number of casualties
Fatal Serious Slight Total Killed Serious Slight Total
1994-98 average 50 210 520 770 50 290 830 1,170
1991 60 270 650 990 80 400 1,040 1,510
1992 40 240 580 860 60 310 860 1,230
1993 50 190 600 840 60 280 940 1,280
1994 60 260 470 790 80 340 760 1,170
1995 40 210 530 790 50 310 850 1,210
1996 30 200 520 750 50 280 840 1,170
1997 40 200 550 790 40 290 890 1,220
1998 50 170 520 740 50 250 790 1,090
1999 50 190 520 750 60 250 800 1,110
2000 40 190 550 780 40 240 860 1,150
2001 60 180 560 800 70 250 870 1,190
1997-2001 average 50 190 540 770 50 260 840 1,150
(1) above the current drink-drive limit of 80mg of alcohol per 100ml of blood.
(2) see the explanatory note 2 above.
83
Table 23 Casualties
Casualties: Pedestrians, car users and other road users, on built-up and non built-up roads
Separate charts for each severity
Years: 1992 to 2002
(a) Killed
0
100
200
300
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Pedestrians
0
100
200
300
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Car Users
0
100
200
300
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Built-up
Non Built-up
Total
Other road users
(b) Killed and Serious
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Pedestrians
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Car Users
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Built-up
Non built-up
Total
Other road users
(c) All Severities
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Pedestrians
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Car Users
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
15,000
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002
Built-up
Non built-up
Total
Other road users
84
Table 23 Casualties
Casualties by mode of transport and severity
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Mode of Year Built-up Non built-up Total
transport Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
(a) Numbers
Pedestrian 1994-98 average 72 1,256 4,165 32 120 219 104 1,376 4,385
1992 121 1,592 5,067 40 152 283 161 1,744 5,350
1993 90 1,309 4,462 37 141 254 127 1,450 4,716
1994 78 1,503 4,483 33 144 247 111 1,647 4,730
1995 83 1,442 4,392 38 145 243 121 1,587 4,635
1996 72 1,156 4,106 34 123 220 106 1,279 4,326
1997 57 1,109 3,962 30 102 193 87 1,211 4,155
1998 71 1,068 3,883 25 88 194 96 1,156 4,077
1999 61 1,030 3,571 28 113 192 89 1,143 3,763
2000 49 910 3,434 23 86 168 72 996 3,602
2001 51 834 3,247 25 83 159 76 917 3,406
2002 49 808 3,136 24 78 173 73 886 3,309
1998-2002 average 56 930 3,454 25 90 177 81 1,020 3,631
Pedal cycle 1994-98 average 4 196 1,130 6 53 153 11 249 1,283
1992 5 165 1,121 7 57 172 12 222 1,293
1993 9 161 1,019 9 71 173 18 232 1,192
1994 3 248 1,219 2 68 165 5 316 1,384
1995 4 223 1,150 7 69 173 11 292 1,323
1996 4 171 1,156 11 45 141 15 216 1,297
1997 4 168 1,117 5 42 155 9 210 1,272
1998 7 169 1,009 6 41 131 13 210 1,140
1999 5 163 916 3 26 101 8 189 1,017
2000 6 138 788 6 38 94 12 176 882
2001 4 127 792 6 44 124 10 171 916
2002 - 123 727 8 27 101 8 150 828
1998-2002 average 4 144 846 6 35 110 10 179 957
Motor cycle
(1)
1994-98 average 5 148 509 26 207 426 31 355 935
1992 6 232 750 32 259 487 38 491 1,237
1993 6 178 645 27 222 460 33 400 1,105
1994 5 178 569 19 175 361 24 353 930
1995 6 179 530 27 216 441 33 395 971
1996 6 120 477 23 180 373 29 300 850
1997 3 130 493 34 228 455 37 358 948
1998 6 133 475 27 238 501 33 371 976
1999 5 161 518 25 270 507 30 431 1,025
2000 7 187 585 32 287 543 39 474 1,128
2001 7 160 612 42 294 565 49 454 1,177
2002 8 183 629 38 274 535 46 457 1,164
1998-2002 average 7 165 564 33 273 530 39 437 1,094
Car 1994-98 average 28 718 6,236 181 1,783 7,125 209 2,501 13,360
1992 30 784 6,207 191 1,965 7,348 221 2,749 13,555
1993 20 657 5,697 178 1,731 7,202 198 2,388 12,899
1994 18 858 6,095 179 1,946 6,832 197 2,804 12,927
1995 31 818 6,108 190 1,835 6,866 221 2,653 12,974
1996 32 621 6,015 153 1,672 7,018 185 2,293 13,033
1997 22 632 6,521 197 1,733 7,513 219 2,365 14,034
1998 36 663 6,440 187 1,727 7,394 223 2,390 13,834
1999 27 576 6,053 142 1,428 6,853 169 2,004 12,906
2000 31 522 5,971 152 1,457 6,680 183 1,979 12,651
2001 32 538 5,727 162 1,412 6,561 194 1,950 12,288
2002 14 495 5,542 141 1,280 6,280 155 1,775 11,822
1998-2002 average 28 559 5,947 157 1,461 6,754 185 2,020 12,700
85
Table 23 (continued) Casualties
Casualties: selected other road user categories
Separate charts for each severity
Years: 1992 to 2002
(a) Killed
0
25
50
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Motor cycle
Light goods
Pedal cycle
Bus/coach
(b) Killed and Serious
0
250
500
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Motor cycle
Light goods
Pedal cycle
Bus/coach
(c) All Severities
0
500
1000
1500
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Motor cycle
Light goods
Pedal cycle
Bus/coach
86
Table 23 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by mode of transport and severity
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Mode of Year Built-up Non built-up Total
transport Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Taxi 1994-98 average 1 25 261 1 10 38 2 34 299
1992 - 15 173 - 3 9 - 18 182
1993 - 14 188 - 3 28 - 17 216
1994 - 20 201 1 9 19 1 29 220
1995 - 29 243 1 11 43 1 40 286
1996 1 25 266 1 8 41 2 33 307
1997 3 21 269 3 14 53 6 35 322
1998 - 29 328 - 6 32 - 35 360
1999 - 21 278 1 12 44 1 33 322
2000 1 21 279 1 4 51 2 25 330
2001 1 15 254 - 8 53 1 23 307
2002 1 17 215 - 2 33 1 19 248
1998-2002 average 1 21 271 0 6 43 1 27 313
Minibus
(2)
1994-98 average 0 5 46 1 22 110 2 27 156
1992 - 3 51 - 37 186 - 40 237
1993 2 8 61 1 27 124 3 35 185
1994 - 6 33 1 19 97 1 25 130
1995 1 7 42 1 17 132 2 24 174
1996 - 4 40 1 14 94 1 18 134
1997 - 5 61 - 31 118 - 36 179
1998 1 3 52 4 27 110 5 30 162
1999 - 6 43 1 19 86 1 25 129
2000 1 7 43 1 7 76 2 14 119
2001 - 7 37 4 14 57 4 21 94
2002 - 2 37 - 9 77 - 11 114
1998-2002 average 0 5 42 2 15 81 2 20 124
Bus/coach 1994-98 average 2 75 835 1 21 174 3 96 1,009
1992 1 99 981 3 16 153 4 115 1,134
1993 3 76 950 2 31 128 5 107 1,078
1994 6 125 1,048 3 25 186 9 150 1,234
1995 1 80 761 - 25 146 1 105 907
1996 3 72 792 - 24 206 3 96 998
1997 - 42 749 2 13 192 2 55 941
1998 1 57 824 - 19 139 1 76 963
1999 1 66 726 - 17 198 1 83 924
2000 1 68 810 - 12 124 1 80 934
2001 - 51 707 - 11 116 - 62 823
2002 - 53 782 - 6 77 - 59 859
1998-2002 average 1 59 770 0 13 131 1 72 901
Light goods 1994-98 average 1 27 180 8 84 335 9 111 514
1992 3 43 294 12 110 451 15 153 745
1993 2 30 219 4 94 410 6 124 629
1994 - 32 192 10 108 401 10 140 593
1995 1 41 180 12 90 334 13 131 514
1996 - 18 150 5 65 282 5 83 432
1997 - 20 167 11 70 306 11 90 473
1998 4 25 209 4 85 351 8 110 560
1999 - 19 162 6 67 310 6 86 472
2000 1 11 143 7 55 244 8 66 387
2001 - 9 147 8 58 265 8 67 412
2002 2 15 138 9 65 252 11 80 390
1998-2002 average 1 16 160 7 66 284 8 82 444
87
Table 23 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by mode of transport and severity
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Mode of Year Built-up Non built-up Total
transport Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Heavy goods 1994-98 average 1 13 59 5 48 181 6 61 240
1992 - 16 76 6 63 258 6 79 334
1993 1 18 67 5 58 213 6 76 280
1994 1 10 59 3 61 228 4 71 287
1995 1 22 73 5 58 203 6 80 276
1996 2 12 59 7 42 145 9 54 204
1997 1 9 45 4 37 143 5 46 188
1998 - 12 60 5 41 186 5 53 246
1999 2 13 84 3 45 197 5 58 281
2000 - 11 87 7 44 188 7 55 275
2001 1 11 82 5 51 231 6 62 313
2002 - 9 115 10 52 254 10 61 369
1998-2002 average 1 11 86 6 47 211 7 58 297
Other
(2)
1994-98 average - 11 61 1 17 74 1 28 135
1992 1 8 50 5 20 56 6 28 106
1993 1 8 48 2 16 67 3 24 115
1994 - 16 73 1 20 65 1 36 138
1995 - 15 63 - 17 71 - 32 134
1996 - 6 49 2 20 86 2 26 135
1997 - 8 54 1 10 63 1 18 117
1998 - 9 65 1 17 84 1 26 149
1999 - 10 75 - 13 89 - 23 164
2000 - 8 98 - 20 102 - 28 200
2001 - 10 87 - 18 83 - 28 170
2002 - 5 73 1 15 72 1 20 145
1998-2002 average 0 8 80 0 17 86 0 25 166
Total 1994-98 average 115 2,474 13,481 263 2,364 8,834 378 4,838 22,316
1992 167 2,957 14,770 296 2,682 9,403 463 5,639 24,173
1993 134 2,459 13,356 265 2,394 9,059 399 4,853 22,415
1994 111 2,996 13,972 252 2,575 8,601 363 5,571 22,573
1995 128 2,856 13,542 281 2,483 8,652 409 5,339 22,194
1996 120 2,205 13,110 237 2,193 8,606 357 4,398 21,716
1997 90 2,144 13,438 287 2,280 9,191 377 4,424 22,629
1998 126 2,168 13,345 259 2,289 9,122 385 4,457 22,467
1999 101 2,065 12,426 209 2,010 8,577 310 4,075 21,003
2000 97 1,883 12,238 229 2,010 8,270 326 3,893 20,508
2001 96 1,762 11,692 252 1,993 8,214 348 3,755 19,906
2002 74 1,710 11,394 231 1,808 7,854 305 3,518 19,248
1998-2002 average 99 1,918 12,219 236 2,022 8,407 335 3,940 20,626
(1) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(2) Comparisons of the figures for 1999 and earlier years are affected by a change in the way in which motor caravans are counted:
for years up to 1998 they are included under 'minibus'; from 1999 they were counted in 'other' (see Annex C).
88
Table 23 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by mode of transport and severity
Separately for built-up and non built-up roads
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1992 to 2002
Mode of Built-up Non built-up Total
Transport Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
(b) Change in numbers: 2002 on 2001
Pedestrian -2 -26 -111 -1 -5 14 -3 -31 -97
Pedal cycle -4 -4 -65 2 -17 -23 -2 -21 -88
Motor cycle
(1)
1 23 17 -4 -20 -30 -3 3 -13
Car -18 -43 -185 -21 -132 -281 -39 -175 -466
Taxi - 2 -39 - -6 -20 - -4 -59
Minibus
(2)
- -5 - -4 -5 20 -4 -10 20
Bus/coach - 2 75 - -5 -39 - -3 36
Light goods 2 6 -9 1 7 -13 3 13 -22
Heavy goods -1 -2 33 5 1 23 4 -1 56
Other
(2)
- -5 -14 1 -3 -11 1 -8 -25
Total -22 -52 -298 -21 -185 -360 -43 -237 -658
(c) Per cent changes:
2002 on 2001
Pedestrian -4 -3 -3 -4 -6 9 -4 -3 -3
Pedal cycle -100 -3 -8 33 -39 -19 -20 -12 -10
Motor cycle
(1)
14 14 3 -10 -7 -5 -6 1 -1
Car -56 -8 -3 -13 -9 -4 -20 -9 -4
Taxi - 13 -15 n/a -75 -38 - -17 -19
Minibus
(2)
n/a -71 - -100 -36 35 -100 -48 21
Bus/coach n/a 4 11 n/a -45 -34 n/a -5 4
Light goods n/a 67 -6 13 12 -5 38 19 -5
Heavy goods -100 -18 40 100 2 10 67 -2 18
Other
(2)
n/a -50 -16 n/a -17 -13 n/a -29 -15
Total -23 -3 -3 -8 -9 -4 -12 -6 -3
2002 on 1994-98 average
Pedestrian -32 -36 -25 -25 -35 -21 -30 -36 -25
Pedal cycle -100 -37 -36 29 -49 -34 -25 -40 -35
Motor cycle
(1)
54 24 24 46 32 26 47 29 24
Car -50 -31 -11 -22 -28 -12 -26 -29 -12
Taxi 25 -31 -18 -100 -79 -12 -50 -45 -17
Minibus
(2)
-100 -60 -19 -100 -58 -30 -100 -59 -27
Bus/coach -100 -30 -6 -100 -72 -56 -100 -39 -15
Light goods 100 -45 -23 7 -22 -25 17 -28 -24
Heavy goods -100 -31 94 108 9 40 72 0 54
Other
(2)
n/a -54 20 - -11 -2 - -28 8
Total -36 -31 -15 -12 -24 -11 -19 -27 -14
(1) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(2) Comparisons of the figures for 1999 and earlier years are affected by a change in the way in which motor caravans are counted:
for years up to 1998 they are included under 'minibus'; from 1999 they were counted in 'other' (see Annex C).
89
Table 24 Casualties
Casualties by mode of transport, age-group, severity and sex
Years:1994-98 average, 2002
1994-98 average 2002
Killed & All severities Killed & All severities
Mode of Transport Age Killed Serious Male Female All
(1)
Killed Serious Male Female All
(1)
Pedestrian 0-4 4 83 167 96 262 3 41 92 45 139
5-7 3 131 319 143 462 2 56 164 72 236
8-11 5 167 384 211 595 1 108 293 148 441
12-15 5 181 355 264 619 6 133 290 188 478
16-19 7 86 193 121 313 6 66 183 106 290
20-24 5 79 195 114 309 5 57 185 100 286
25-29 6 65 170 84 254 5 35 110 50 160
30-39 7 106 257 121 378 12 81 239 113 352
40-49 6 88 179 98 277 1 70 162 100 262
50-59 10 92 147 97 243 7 52 121 78 199
60-69 11 94 132 118 250 5 50 80 71 151
70-79 18 120 103 150 253 10 81 79 92 171
80+ 19 83 68 101 168 10 56 41 87 128
All ages
(2)
104 1,376 2,668 1,717 4,385 73 886 2,045 1,256 3,309
Child 0-15 17 562 1,225 714 1,938 12 338 839 453 1,294
Adult 16+ 88 814 1,443 1,003 2,446 61 548 1,200 797 1,999
Pedal cycle 0-4 - 2 11 2 14 - - 2 - 2
5-7 1 21 93 20 114 - 10 36 11 47
8-11 1 36 161 42 202 - 23 88 22 111
12-15 1 41 180 27 207 - 13 104 13 117
16-19 1 19 89 20 108 - 8 39 5 44
20-24 1 21 105 30 135 1 12 52 16 68
25-29 1 21 100 24 124 - 16 65 9 74
30-39 2 35 159 27 187 2 24 136 29 166
40-49 1 24 83 16 98 1 22 94 18 112
50-59 1 16 42 12 54 1 10 34 18 52
60-69 1 8 22 4 26 2 8 20 3 23
70-79 1 4 11 1 11 1 4 6 3 9
80+ - 1 2 - 3 - - - - -
All ages
(2)
11 249 1,058 225 1,283 8 150 679 147 828
Child 0-15 3 100 445 91 537 - 46 230 46 277
Adult 16+ 7 149 612 134 747 8 104 446 101 548
Motor cycle
(3)
0-4 - - - - - - - - 1 1
5-7 - - 1 - 1 - - - - -
8-11 - 1 2 2 4 - 2 3 - 3
12-15 - 4 10 2 13 - 5 13 4 17
16-19 2 37 105 12 118 1 43 136 21 157
20-24 6 57 134 26 160 6 46 114 21 135
25-29 9 84 178 29 207 10 57 121 20 141
30-39 9 102 239 29 268 15 171 344 37 381
40-49 3 46 96 13 108 9 88 184 24 208
50-59 1 16 30 6 36 2 34 77 16 93
60-69 - 6 12 2 14 2 9 19 3 22
70-79 - 2 4 1 4 1 1 3 - 3
80+ - - 1 - 1 - 1 1 - 1
All ages
(2)
31 355 813 122 935 46 457 1,016 147 1,164
Child 0-15 - 6 13 5 18 - 7 16 5 21
Adult 16+ 31 350 800 117 917 46 450 999 142 1,141
Car/taxi driver 0-4 - - - - - - - - - -
5-7 - - - - - - 1 - 1 1
8-11 - - - - - - - - - -
12-15 - 6 13 - 13 - 2 9 1 10
16-19 16 180 595 266 861 13 111 495 210 705
20-24 19 243 777 543 1,320 13 163 638 448 1,086
25-29 17 208 689 532 1,222 13 130 472 384 856
30-39 27 310 1,051 871 1,923 17 233 1,007 909 1,916
40-49 18 227 686 535 1,220 11 182 714 645 1,359
50-59 12 149 432 307 739 13 124 460 389 849
60-69 11 97 290 126 416 11 82 276 165 441
70-79 9 67 162 75 236 6 63 171 89 260
80+ 5 29 57 22 78 6 34 69 34 103
All ages
(2)
134 1,516 4,752 3,278 8,030 103 1,125 4,314 3,277 7,591
Child 0-15 - 6 13 - 14 - 3 9 2 11
Adult 16+ 134 1,511 4,739 3,277 8,016 103 1,122 4,302 3,273 7,575
(1) Includes those whose sex was 'not known'.
(2) Includes those whose age was 'not known'.
(3) Motorcycles includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
90
Table 24 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by mode of transport, age-group, severity and sex
Years:1994-98 average, 2002
1994-98 average 2002
Killed & All severities Killed & All severities
Mode of Transport Age Killed Serious Male Female All
(1)
Killed Serious Male Female All
(1)
Car/taxi passenger 0-4 2 26 117 125 242 1 22 98 83 181
5-7 1 19 95 94 189 - 15 99 79 178
8-11 2 29 128 153 280 - 27 137 133 270
12-15 3 66 167 216 383 1 45 127 173 300
16-19 14 213 538 472 1,010 11 120 404 386 790
20-24 12 149 368 405 773 10 87 269 289 558
25-29 7 95 219 319 538 4 47 154 175 329
30-39 7 115 265 429 694 2 65 201 326 527
40-49 6 77 150 337 487 5 58 138 273 411
50-59 5 74 99 313 412 4 70 86 288 374
60-69 9 72 65 254 319 4 46 53 196 249
70-79 7 59 38 180 218 6 46 44 176 220
80+ 4 24 18 66 84 5 19 13 74 87
All ages
(2)
77 1,019 2,267 3,363 5,630 53 669 1,826 2,653 4,479
Child 0-15 8 140 507 588 1,095 2 109 461 468 929
Adult 16+ 69 879 1,760 2,775 4,535 51 558 1,362 2,183 3,545
Bus/coach/minibus 0-4 - 2 23 28 51 - - 15 12 27
5-7 - 1 13 15 28 - 1 10 8 18
8-11 1 6 21 27 47 - 6 29 31 60
12-15 1 8 38 43 81 - 8 30 48 78
16-19 - 4 22 28 50 - 2 14 18 32
20-24 - 4 24 36 60 - 3 19 23 42
25-29 1 8 41 37 78 - 2 23 22 45
30-39 - 15 69 77 146 - 4 60 56 116
40-49 1 10 50 59 109 - 2 49 58 107
50-59 - 12 36 82 118 - 7 47 76 123
60-69 1 19 40 124 164 - 11 37 77 114
70-79 1 20 34 122 156 - 9 28 90 118
80+ - 15 12 65 77 - 15 19 56 76
All ages
(2)
5 123 423 741 1,164 - 70 385 586 973
Child 0-15 1 17 95 112 207 - 15 84 99 183
Adult 16+ 4 106 328 629 958 - 55 296 476 773
Goods vehicles 0-4 - 1 3 1 4 - 2 3 1 4
5-7 - 1 3 1 4 - 2 2 - 2
8-11 - 2 6 3 9 - 2 5 4 9
12-15 - 4 10 3 13 - 1 4 2 6
16-19 1 8 38 8 46 1 4 22 7 29
20-24 1 20 84 12 96 - 7 48 10 58
25-29 2 26 117 10 127 1 14 76 10 86
30-39 3 46 193 14 207 6 35 234 11 245
40-49 3 31 121 8 129 5 47 168 12 180
50-59 2 24 83 6 88 4 17 97 6 103
60-69 1 8 25 2 28 4 10 29 4 33
70-79 - 2 3 1 4 - - 1 1 2
80+ - - - - 1 - - - - -
All ages
(2)
15 172 686 69 755 21 141 690 69 759
Child 0-15 - 8 22 8 30 - 7 14 7 21
Adult 16+ 15 163 664 61 725 21 134 675 61 736
All users
(4)
0-4 6 114 321 254 575 4 65 210 142 354
5-7 5 174 527 273 800 2 85 311 172 483
8-11 9 242 704 439 1,143 1 168 558 338 897
12-15 11 312 778 557 1,334 7 207 580 431 1,011
16-19 41 549 1,588 930 2,517 32 356 1,301 755 2,057
20-24 44 576 1,699 1,170 2,869 35 376 1,335 913 2,249
25-29 42 510 1,530 1,038 2,568 33 304 1,035 673 1,708
30-39 55 735 2,259 1,576 3,835 55 616 2,248 1,490 3,739
40-49 38 506 1,380 1,066 2,446 32 475 1,533 1,132 2,665
50-59 30 387 878 826 1,704 31 316 941 874 1,815
60-69 33 307 594 631 1,225 28 218 519 520 1,039
70-79 36 274 355 530 885 24 204 334 451 785
80+ 28 152 159 255 413 21 126 144 251 396
All ages
(2)
378 4,838 12,772 9,544 22,316 305 3,518 11,071 8,164 19,248
Child 0-15 30 842 2,330 1,522 3,852 14 525 1,659 1,083 2,745
Adult 16+ 348 3,995 10,442 8,023 18,464 291 2,991 9,390 7,059 16,453
(1) Includes those whose sex was 'not known'.
(2) Includes those whose age was 'not known'.
(3) Motorcycles includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
(4) Includes other types of road user not shown separately
91
Table 25 Casualties
Child and adult killed and seriously injured casualties by mode of transport
Years: 1998 to 2002
(a) Child killed and seriously injured casualties
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Pedestrian
Pedal Cycle
Cars
All modes
Other
(b) Adult killed and seriously injured casualties
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Pedestrian
Pedal Cycle
Cars
All Modes
Other
92
Table 25 Casualties
Child and adult pedestrian, pedal cycle, car and other casualties
(1)
by severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Mode of Child
(2)
Adult
transport Year Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
(a) Numbers
Pedestrian 1994-98 average 17 562 1,938 88 814 2,446
1998 18 455 1,762 78 701 2,315
1999 17 430 1,617 72 713 2,123
2000 13 378 1,486 59 617 2,086
2001 14 353 1,475 62 564 1,913
2002 12 338 1,294 61 548 1,999
1998-2002 average 15 391 1,527 66 629 2,087
Pedal cycle 1994-98 average 3 100 537 7 149 747
1998 3 64 415 10 146 725
1999 1 69 374 7 120 642
2000 4 65 330 8 111 547
2001 4 56 307 6 115 600
2002 - 46 277 8 104 548
1998-2002 average 2 60 341 8 119 612
Car 1994-98 average 8 145 1,094 201 2,356 12,267
1998 9 153 1,117 214 2,237 12,717
1999 6 108 981 163 1,895 11,917
2000 4 94 965 179 1,881 11,666
2001 2 109 947 192 1,840 11,327
2002 2 111 928 153 1,662 10,884
1998-2002 average 5 115 988 180 1,903 11,702
Other
(3)
1994-98 average 2 36 283 52 676 3,005
1998 2 26 241 51 675 3,175
1999 1 18 224 43 721 3,081
2000 - 24 219 59 717 3,128
2001 - 25 191 68 692 3,077
2002 - 30 246 69 677 3,022
1998-2002 average 1 25 224 58 696 3,097
All road users 1994-98 average 30 842 3,852 348 3,995 18,464
1998 32 698 3,535 353 3,759 18,932
1999 25 625 3,196 285 3,449 17,763
2000 21 561 3,000 305 3,326 17,427
2001 20 543 2,920 328 3,211 16,917
2002 14 525 2,745 291 2,991 16,453
1998-2002 average 22 590 3,079 312 3,347 17,498
(b) Percent changes:
2002 on 2001
Pedestrian -14 -4 -12 -2 -3 4
Pedal cycle -100 -18 -10 33 -10 -9
Car 0 2 -2 -20 -10 -4
Other - 20 29 1 -2 -2
All road users -30 -3 -6 -11 -7 -3
2002 on 1994-98 average
Pedestrian -28 -40 -33 -30 -33 -18
Pedal cycle -100 -54 -48 11 -30 -27
Car -76 -23 -15 -24 -29 -11
Other -100 -16 -13 32 0 1
All road users -54 -38 -29 -16 -25 -11
(1) This table does not include any casualties whose ages were unknown.
(2) Child 0-15 years.
(3) Other includes all road users excluding pedestrians, pedal cyclists and car users.
93
Table 26 Casualties
Casualties by mode of motor transport, casualty class and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Driver or Rider
Mode of Transport Year Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
(a) Numbers
Motor cycle
(1)
1994-98 average 27 319 832 4 36 103
1998 29 336 878 4 35 98
1999 29 391 932 1 40 93
2000 37 447 1,055 2 27 73
2001 48 424 1,085 1 30 92
2002 46 422 1,076 - 35 88
1998-2002 average 38 404 1,005 2 33 89
Car 1994-98 average 132 1,501 7,918 77 1,000 5,443
1998 138 1,403 8,394 85 987 5,440
1999 118 1,272 7,866 51 732 5,040
2000 128 1,244 7,830 55 735 4,821
2001 131 1,194 7,612 63 756 4,676
2002 103 1,117 7,477 52 658 4,345
1998-2002 average 124 1,246 7,836 61 774 4,864
Taxi 1994-98 average 1 15 112 1 19 187
1998 - 19 137 - 16 223
1999 1 16 123 - 17 199
2000 2 8 132 - 17 198
2001 - 10 129 1 13 178
2002 - 8 114 1 11 134
1998-2002 average 1 12 127 0 15 186
Minibus
(2)
1994-98 average 1 8 39 1 19 117
1998 2 11 47 3 19 115
1999 - 8 36 1 17 93
2000 - 2 33 2 12 86
2001 1 4 23 3 17 71
2002 - - 28 - 11 86
1998-2002 average 1 5 33 2 15 90
Bus/Coach 1994-98 average 0 8 73 3 88 936
1998 - 9 88 1 67 875
1999 - 8 54 1 75 870
2000 - 4 58 1 76 876
2001 - 3 68 - 59 755
2002 - 3 76 - 56 783
1998-2002 average - 5 69 1 67 832
Passenger Vehicle/pillion
94
Table 26 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by mode of motor transport, casualty class and severity - continued
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Driver or Rider
Mode of Transport Year Killed & All Killed & All
Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Light goods 1994-98 average 6 75 347 3 36 168
1998 3 64 379 5 46 181
1999 4 64 322 2 22 150
2000 6 42 278 2 24 109
2001 4 41 297 4 26 115
2002 7 56 277 4 24 113
1998-2002 average 5 53 311 3 28 134
Heavy goods 1994-98 average 5 51 195 1 10 45
1998 3 43 201 2 10 45
1999 5 50 233 - 8 48
2000 7 45 221 - 10 54
2001 6 51 252 - 11 61
2002 9 48 288 1 13 81
1998-2002 average 6 47 239 1 10 58
Other
(2)
1994-98 average 1 17 86 - 11 49
1998 1 18 107 - 8 42
1999 - 14 107 - 9 57
2000 - 18 127 - 10 73
2001 - 21 106 - 7 64
2002 - 15 96 1 5 49
1998-2002 average 0 17 109 0 8 57
All modes of 1994-98 average 174 1,994 9,601 89 1,219 7,047
motor transport 1998 176 1,903 10,231 100 1,188 7,019
1999 157 1,823 9,673 56 920 6,550
2000 180 1,810 9,734 62 911 6,290
2001 190 1,748 9,572 72 919 6,012
2002 165 1,669 9,432 59 813 5,679
1998-2002 average 174 1,791 9,728 70 950 6,310
(b) Percent changes:
2002 on 1994-98 average
Motor cycle 68 32 29 -100 -3 -14
Car -22 -26 -6 -32 -34 -20
Taxi -100 -47 2 25 -43 -28
Minibus
(2)
-100 -100 -28 -100 -42 -26
Bus/Coach -100 -63 5 -100 -37 -16
Light goods 9 -25 -20 33 -33 -33
Heavy goods 96 -6 47 -17 33 81
Other
(2)
-100 -10 12 - -55 -
All modes -5 -16 -2 -34 -33 -19
(1) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(2) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
Includes a small number of casualties who were using a "non-motor" mode of transport
(other than pedestrian and pedal cyclists, who are excluded from this table).
Passenger Vehicle/pillion
95
Table 27 Casualties
Child casualties by time of day
Years: 1998-2002 average
Total for Weekdays
0
100
200
300
400
500
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Time (hours)
Killed and Seriously
injured
All Severities
Total for Weekends
0
100
200
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Time (hours)
96
Table 27 Casualties
Child
(1)
casualties by time of day and mode of transport
Separately for weekdays/weekends
Years: 1998-2002 average
Day/hour Pedes- Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(3)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(3)
Total
trian cycle cycle
(2)
coach goods goods
Total for Weekdays
00.00 to 00.59 - - - 6 - - - - - - 6
01.00 to 01.59 - - - 3 - - - - - - 3
02.00 to 02.59 - - - 1 - 1 - - - - 3
03.00 to 03.59 - - - 1 - - - - - - 1
04.00 to 04.59 - - - 3 - - - - - - 3
05.00 to 05.59 - - - 1 - - - - - - 2
06.00 to 06.59 - 2 - 1 - - - - - - 5
07.00 to 07.59 7 5 - 6 - - 1 1 - - 21
08.00 to 08.59 125 10 - 40 1 2 25 - - - 204
09.00 to 09.59 30 2 - 25 1 1 5 - - - 66
10.00 to 10.59 13 4 - 20 - - 4 - - 1 42
11.00 to 11.59 19 6 1 26 - - 9 - - - 62
12.00 to 12.59 51 11 - 33 - 1 9 - - - 106
13.00 to 13.59 83 12 1 44 - - 6 - 1 1 147
14.00 to 14.59 39 11 1 34 1 1 8 - 1 - 96
15.00 to 15.59 224 24 1 64 1 3 24 - - 1 343
16.00 to 16.59 167 38 1 63 1 2 16 1 1 1 290
17.00 to 17.59 133 37 1 58 1 - 5 2 - - 238
18.00 to 18.59 124 33 1 56 1 - 3 1 - 1 220
19.00 to 19.59 93 23 1 54 - - 2 1 - - 175
20.00 to 20.59 58 21 1 35 - - 3 1 - 1 120
21.00 to 21.59 28 8 1 31 - 1 2 - - - 71
22.00 to 22.59 11 3 - 16 - - - - - - 31
23.00 to 23.59 4 - - 10 1 - 1 - - - 16
Total 1,211 252 11 631 10 13 123 9 6 6 2,271
Total for Weekends
00.00 to 00.59 1 - - 4 - - - - - - 5
01.00 to 01.59 1 - - 5 - - - - - - 7
02.00 to 02.59 - - - 3 - - - - - - 3
03.00 to 03.59 - - - 2 - - - - - - 2
04.00 to 04.59 - - - 2 - - - - - - 2
05.00 to 05.59 - - - 1 - - - - - - 1
06.00 to 06.59 - - - 2 - - - - - - 3
07.00 to 07.59 - 1 - 4 - - - 1 - - 6
08.00 to 08.59 1 1 - 5 - - - - - - 8
09.00 to 09.59 1 1 - 7 - - - - - - 10
10.00 to 10.59 6 2 - 19 - - - - - - 29
11.00 to 11.59 13 5 - 23 - - 1 1 - 1 44
12.00 to 12.59 29 6 1 29 1 - 1 - 1 - 69
13.00 to 13.59 37 8 1 35 - - 2 - - 1 84
14.00 to 14.59 34 10 1 36 - 1 2 - - 1 84
15.00 to 15.59 35 10 1 29 - 2 2 - - - 80
16.00 to 16.59 32 9 1 35 - 1 2 - - - 80
17.00 to 17.59 28 11 1 27 1 1 3 1 - 1 72
18.00 to 18.59 33 9 1 25 - 1 1 1 - - 73
19.00 to 19.59 32 7 - 22 - - - - - 1 62
20.00 to 20.59 16 6 1 11 - - 1 - - - 35
21.00 to 21.59 8 2 - 14 - - - - - - 25
22.00 to 22.59 5 - - 12 - - - - - - 18
23.00 to 23.59 1 - - 5 - - - - - - 7
Total 316 89 9 357 4 5 16 5 2 5 808
(1) Child 0-15 years
(2) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(3) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
97
Table 28 Casualties
Adult casualties by time of day
Years: 1998-2002 average
Total for Weekdays
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Time (hours)
Killed and Seriously injured
All Severities
Total for Weekends
0
100
200
300
400
500
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Time (hours)
98
Table 28 Casualties
Adult casualties by time of day and mode of transport
Separately for weekdays/weekends
Years: 1998-2002 average
Day/hour Pedes- Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(2)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(2)
Total
trian cycle cycle
(1)
coach goods goods
Total for Weekdays
00.00 to 00.59 21 2 3 118 7 - - 3 4 2 160
01.00 to 01.59 10 1 2 75 5 - - 1 3 - 99
02.00 to 02.59 10 1 1 56 3 1 2 4 4 - 83
03.00 to 03.59 8 - 1 54 3 - - 2 4 1 75
04.00 to 04.59 3 1 1 32 2 2 - 2 5 1 50
05.00 to 05.59 3 3 4 54 3 1 1 7 7 1 83
06.00 to 06.59 8 11 11 123 3 2 3 12 14 3 190
07.00 to 07.59 32 42 40 381 5 8 9 40 16 5 578
08.00 to 08.59 77 51 51 605 9 4 39 36 18 8 898
09.00 to 09.59 84 26 23 436 10 6 36 24 17 9 672
10.00 to 10.59 77 25 23 355 6 7 34 23 20 8 579
11.00 to 11.59 89 18 29 404 8 5 49 26 23 9 661
12.00 to 12.59 99 24 36 458 11 4 56 16 18 9 732
13.00 to 13.59 99 21 47 490 7 2 56 22 17 10 772
14.00 to 14.59 104 25 43 478 11 3 68 19 19 9 779
15.00 to 15.59 113 31 51 544 12 7 79 21 16 8 881
16.00 to 16.59 141 46 76 676 11 8 64 30 14 5 1,070
17.00 to 17.59 144 62 78 739 12 7 40 27 11 10 1,130
18.00 to 18.59 97 39 52 534 11 2 19 10 7 5 776
19.00 to 19.59 84 29 44 475 10 2 15 9 5 4 678
20.00 to 20.59 60 17 36 350 7 4 11 6 3 2 497
21.00 to 21.59 59 17 30 339 9 1 11 5 3 2 475
22.00 to 22.59 51 9 23 276 9 1 6 3 4 2 383
23.00 to 23.59 48 5 12 206 9 1 11 6 3 1 302
Total 1,521 507 718 8,257 185 79 609 357 255 115 12,601
Total for Weekends
00.00 to 00.59 53 2 4 115 12 1 - 3 2 1 192
01.00 to 01.59 48 1 2 118 11 1 2 1 - 2 188
02.00 to 02.59 28 1 4 95 13 - 1 1 - 1 144
03.00 to 03.59 27 - 2 87 8 2 1 3 1 1 132
04.00 to 04.59 6 - 1 51 4 3 1 3 - 1 70
05.00 to 05.59 4 1 1 42 1 1 - 2 1 1 54
06.00 to 06.59 2 1 2 40 1 - - 4 2 - 51
07.00 to 07.59 3 3 3 69 2 - 1 8 2 1 91
08.00 to 08.59 3 3 3 83 1 2 3 6 3 3 111
09.00 to 09.59 8 4 11 94 1 - 4 3 2 2 130
10.00 to 10.59 13 8 13 139 2 - 9 4 2 2 192
11.00 to 11.59 25 7 26 176 3 2 11 3 2 1 256
12.00 to 12.59 22 10 33 222 3 - 15 6 3 3 318
13.00 to 13.59 27 8 29 269 4 1 14 4 3 2 360
14.00 to 14.59 30 9 38 257 3 1 15 3 2 2 359
15.00 to 15.59 27 9 39 240 4 3 15 4 2 3 345
16.00 to 16.59 29 6 38 236 3 - 11 3 1 3 330
17.00 to 17.59 40 10 36 233 3 2 11 3 - 1 340
18.00 to 18.59 29 6 22 208 3 1 8 5 1 3 285
19.00 to 19.59 32 6 15 184 5 - 7 3 1 1 255
20.00 to 20.59 28 4 13 141 5 1 2 1 1 2 199
21.00 to 21.59 29 3 8 129 5 1 3 1 1 2 182
22.00 to 22.59 26 1 7 112 7 - 3 1 - 1 158
23.00 to 23.59 29 1 5 104 8 2 2 1 1 1 154
Total 567 105 356 3,446 114 26 138 73 33 40 4,897
(1) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(2) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
99
Table 29 Casualties
Child and adult casualties by month and mode of transport
Years: 1998-2002 average
(figures adjusted to standard 30 day months)
Pedal Cycle
0
100
200
300
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Month
Child
Adult
Pedestrian
0
100
200
300
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Month
All other modes
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Month
Car
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Month
100
Table 29 Casualties
Child
(1)
and adult casualties by month and mode of transport
Years: 1998-2002 average
(figures adjusted to standard 30 day months)
Child/ Pedes- Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(3)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(3)
Total
Adult/ trian cycle cycle
(2)
coach goods goods
Month
Child
January 100 9 1 70 1 1 11 - 1 1 194
February 131 13 1 92 - 1 15 1 1 - 256
March 139 17 1 73 1 1 14 1 - - 245
April 124 30 2 87 1 2 8 2 1 - 257
May 147 45 1 67 1 2 12 2 1 2 279
June 126 43 2 72 2 - 18 1 - 3 267
July 99 47 3 99 2 4 8 2 1 2 265
August 131 56 4 101 2 2 7 1 2 2 307
September 149 39 1 64 1 - 12 1 1 1 269
October 124 19 2 91 2 3 14 - - - 255
November 135 9 2 77 1 2 10 1 1 1 238
December 103 8 1 81 2 1 8 1 - - 204
Year Total 1,507 335 19 974 14 18 137 14 8 11 3,036
Adult
January 192 48 40 973 27 7 47 34 34 10 1,412
February 193 44 42 1,013 24 11 79 44 32 15 1,498
March 165 43 61 829 21 8 61 37 22 11 1,258
April 144 41 86 842 27 12 57 32 20 10 1,271
May 146 55 126 862 21 6 54 36 15 13 1,334
June 137 50 119 948 23 6 81 34 22 14 1,436
July 126 54 132 934 21 6 58 34 18 13 1,396
August 150 68 141 1,010 19 13 63 34 26 15 1,540
September 148 56 118 927 20 5 60 32 23 12 1,401
October 184 52 79 1,056 28 11 69 32 21 15 1,548
November 234 53 68 1,090 28 12 57 37 25 11 1,614
December 240 39 42 1,054 35 6 53 37 25 13 1,544
Year Total 2,059 603 1,055 11,538 294 103 738 424 285 152 17,253
Total
(4)
January 293 57 41 1,044 28 8 58 35 35 11 1,610
February 326 57 43 1,106 24 13 96 46 33 15 1,758
March 305 61 61 903 21 9 75 38 22 11 1,506
April 269 72 88 929 28 14 66 34 21 10 1,531
May 293 100 127 929 22 8 66 38 16 15 1,616
June 265 93 121 1,021 25 6 101 35 22 17 1,707
July 225 101 135 1,033 23 10 66 36 19 15 1,664
August 282 124 145 1,112 21 15 71 35 28 17 1,851
September 298 95 119 992 21 5 74 33 24 13 1,674
October 310 71 81 1,149 29 14 85 32 21 16 1,809
November 371 62 70 1,169 29 14 68 37 26 12 1,858
December 345 47 43 1,136 37 7 64 38 25 13 1,754
Year Total 3,583 941 1,075 12,522 309 122 890 438 293 163 20,337
(1) Child 0-15 years.
(2) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
(3) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
(4) Includes those ages 'not known'.
Note: As the figures in this table have been adjusted to be for "30 day months", they may not be comparable with other tables
in this publication.
101
Table 30 Casualties
Child and adult casualties by day of week and mode of transport
Years: 1998-2002 average
Pedal Cycle
0
100
200
300
400
M T W T F S S
Day
Child
Adult
Pedestrian
0
100
200
300
400
M T W T F S S
Day
All other modes
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
M T W T F S S
Day
Car
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
M T W T F S S
Day
102
Table 30 Casualties
Child
(1)
and adult casualties by day of week and mode of transport
Years: 1998-2002 average
Day of Pedes- Pedal Motor Car Taxi Minibus
(3)
Bus/ Light Heavy Other
(3)
Total
Week trian cycle cycle
(2)
coach goods goods
Child
Monday 211 49 2 121 3 5 20 1 2 2 417
Tuesday 235 48 2 113 2 1 20 2 1 1 425
Wednesday 232 47 2 122 2 1 25 2 1 1 435
Thursday 256 56 2 115 1 3 29 1 - 1 463
Friday 277 51 3 160 3 4 29 2 2 1 531
Saturday 195 47 3 195 3 2 10 2 2 3 461
Sunday 121 42 6 162 2 3 6 3 - 1 347
Total 1,527 341 19 988 14 19 139 14 8 11 3,079
Adult
Monday 283 97 141 1,577 33 12 113 78 62 28 2,424
Tuesday 283 107 134 1,547 38 13 125 68 51 23 2,390
Wednesday 277 111 140 1,590 34 25 118 67 48 19 2,429
Thursday 313 103 145 1,595 35 11 110 69 49 23 2,452
Friday 364 90 157 1,948 45 18 143 75 45 22 2,906
Saturday 342 54 175 1,833 57 13 106 43 20 22 2,664
Sunday 225 51 181 1,612 57 13 32 31 13 18 2,233
Total 2,087 612 1,073 11,702 299 105 747 430 288 155 17,498
Total
(4)
Monday 497 146 143 1,699 36 18 133 79 63 30 2,846
Tuesday 521 157 137 1,661 40 14 149 71 53 24 2,825
Wednesday 511 159 142 1,713 35 26 145 69 49 21 2,871
Thursday 572 160 147 1,710 36 14 141 70 49 23 2,921
Friday 643 141 160 2,110 48 22 174 77 47 23 3,445
Saturday 539 101 178 2,029 60 15 119 45 22 25 3,132
Sunday 348 93 187 1,777 59 17 40 33 14 19 2,587
Total 3,631 957 1,094 12,700 313 124 901 444 297 166 20,626
(1) Child 0-15 years.
(2) Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
(3) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
(4) Includes those whose ages were 'not known'.
103
Table 31 Casualties
Casualty rates per thousand population, by age and sex
Year: 2002
Males
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
Females
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
104
Table 31 Population
Casualties
Population estimates, number of casualties and casualty rates per thousand population
by age groups
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
Year 0-4 5-11 12-15 16-22 23-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70+ All Ages
(1)
Population
(2)
thousands
1994-98 average 309.9 452.6 256.0 445.9 529.7 786.5 687.1 579.2 499.5 545.3 5,091.7
1998 296.4 451.4 254.7 439.6 489.3 796.6 689.3 606.5 500.3 552.8 5,077.1
1999 290.3 447.5 257.6 439.9 469.1 795.6 695.7 618.8 501.1 556.4 5,072.0
2000 283.2 440.3 261.3 444.9 447.2 789.8 704.7 628.9 501.9 560.8 5,062.9
2001 276.3 434.8 259.4 453.1 429.4 784.5 717.1 641.0 501.0 567.7 5,064.2
2002 268.5 429.4 257.3 454.4 418.9 772.8 730.9 647.9 501.3 573.4 5,054.8
1998-2002 average 282.9 440.7 258.1 446.4 450.8 787.9 707.5 628.6 501.1 562.2 5,066.2
Casualties number
1994-98 average 575 1,942 1,334 4,306 3,648 3,835 2,446 1,704 1,225 1,299 22,316
1998 514 1,832 1,189 4,170 3,501 4,242 2,615 1,910 1,246 1,248 22,467
1999 477 1,652 1,067 3,968 3,186 4,015 2,553 1,750 1,119 1,172 21,003
2000 437 1,484 1,079 3,592 2,918 4,059 2,679 1,840 1,103 1,236 20,508
2001 384 1,435 1,101 3,703 2,639 3,890 2,601 1,796 1,119 1,169 19,906
2002 354 1,380 1,011 3,582 2,432 3,739 2,665 1,815 1,039 1,181 19,248
1998-2002 average 433 1,557 1,089 3,803 2,935 3,989 2,623 1,822 1,125 1,201 20,626
2002 Male 210 869 580 2,237 1,434 2,248 1,533 941 519 478 11,071
2002 Female 142 510 431 1,343 998 1,490 1,132 874 520 702 8,164
Casualty rates rates per thousand population
1994-98 average 1.9 4.3 5.2 9.7 6.9 4.9 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.4 4.4
1998 1.7 4.1 4.7 9.5 7.2 5.3 3.8 3.1 2.5 2.3 4.4
1999 1.6 3.7 4.1 9.0 6.8 5.0 3.7 2.8 2.2 2.1 4.1
2000 1.5 3.4 4.1 8.1 6.5 5.1 3.8 2.9 2.2 2.2 4.1
2001 1.4 3.3 4.2 8.2 6.1 5.0 3.6 2.8 2.2 2.1 3.9
2002 1.3 3.2 3.9 7.9 5.8 4.8 3.6 2.8 2.1 2.1 3.8
1998-2002 average 1.5 3.5 4.2 8.5 6.5 5.1 3.7 2.9 2.2 2.1 4.1
Male
1994-98 average 2.0 5.3 6.0 11.8 8.3 5.9 4.1 3.1 2.6 2.6 5.2
1998 1.8 5.0 5.2 11.4 8.5 6.5 4.2 3.3 2.6 2.4 5.2
1999 1.8 4.5 4.6 10.8 8.0 6.1 4.1 3.0 2.5 2.4 4.9
2000 1.7 4.0 4.5 9.8 7.9 6.2 4.2 3.2 2.3 2.2 4.7
2001 1.7 3.8 4.7 9.7 7.3 6.0 4.3 3.0 2.3 2.3 4.6
2002 1.5 4.0 4.4 9.7 6.9 6.0 4.3 2.9 2.2 2.2 4.6
1998-2002 average 1.7 4.3 4.7 10.3 7.7 6.2 4.2 3.1 2.4 2.3 4.8
Female
1994-98 average 1.7 3.2 4.4 7.5 5.5 3.9 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.3 3.6
1998 1.6 3.1 4.1 7.6 5.8 4.2 3.4 3.0 2.4 2.1 3.7
1999 1.5 2.9 3.6 7.2 5.7 4.1 3.2 2.7 2.0 1.9 3.5
2000 1.3 2.7 3.8 6.3 5.3 4.1 3.4 2.7 2.1 2.2 3.4
2001 1.0 2.7 3.8 6.6 5.0 3.9 3.0 2.6 2.2 1.9 3.3
2002 1.1 2.4 3.4 6.0 4.7 3.7 3.0 2.7 2.0 2.0 3.1
1998-2002 average 1.3 2.8 3.8 6.7 5.3 4.0 3.2 2.7 2.1 2.0 3.4
(1) Includes those whose ages were 'not known'.
(2) The basis of the population estimates is described in the Introduction.
105
Table 32 Casualties
Casualty rates per thousand population by mode of transport, age group and severity
Years: 1998-2002 average
Pedestrian
0
1
2
3
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
Killed
Killed & Seriously injured
All Severities
Car
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
Killed
Killed & Seriously injured
All Severities
106
Table 32 Casualties
Casualties by age and severity, separately for each mode of transport
Numbers and rates per thousand population
Years: 1998-2002 average
Killed & All Killed & All
Mode of Transport Age group Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
numbers rates per thousand population
(4)
Pedestrian 0 - 4 2 54 175 .01 .19 .62
5 - 11 6 204 831 .01 .46 1.89
12 - 15 6 133 520 .02 .51 2.02
16 - 22 8 105 456 .02 .23 1.02
23 - 29 6 72 285 .01 .16 .63
30 - 39 9 90 352 .01 .11 .45
40 - 49 5 70 249 .01 .10 .35
50 - 59 8 68 209 .01 .11 .33
60 - 69 7 68 192 .01 .13 .38
70 & over 23 156 344 .04 .28 .61
Total
(1)
81 1,020 3,631 .02 .20 .72
Child 0-15 15 391 1,527 .02 .40 1.56
Adult 16+ 66 629 2,087 .02 .15 .51
Pedal Cycle 0 - 4 - 2 8 - .01 .03
5 - 11 1 34 200 .00 .08 .45
12 - 15 1 24 133 .00 .09 .52
16 - 22 - 18 115 - .04 .26
23 - 29 - 18 124 - .04 .28
30 - 39 2 31 175 .00 .04 .22
40 - 49 1 24 108 .00 .03 .15
50 - 59 2 18 53 .00 .03 .08
60 - 69 1 7 26 .00 .01 .05
70 & over 1 3 11 .00 .01 .02
Total
(1)
10 179 957 .00 .04 .19
Child 0-15 2 60 341 .00 .06 .35
Adult 16+ 8 119 612 .00 .03 .15
Motorcycle
(2)
0 - 4 - - 1 - - .00
5 - 11 - 1 4 - - .01
12 - 15 - 6 15 - .02 .06
16 - 22 5 69 219 .01 .15 .49
23 - 29 9 89 218 .02 .20 .48
30 - 39 16 162 379 .02 .21 .48
40 - 49 7 75 173 .01 .11 .24
50 - 59 1 26 63 .00 .04 .10
60 - 69 1 8 17 .00 .02 .03
70 & over 1 2 5 .00 .00 .01
Total
(1)
39 437 1,094 .01 .09 .22
Child 0-15 - 7 19 - .01 .02
Adult 16+ 39 431 1,073 .01 .11 .26
Car 0 - 4 1 23 208 .00 .08 .73
5 - 11 1 38 439 .00 .09 1.00
12 - 15 2 54 341 .01 .21 1.32
16 - 22 48 498 2,800 .11 1.12 6.27
23 - 29 28 297 2,039 .06 .66 4.52
30 - 39 27 350 2,588 .03 .44 3.29
40 - 49 24 249 1,744 .03 .35 2.46
50 - 59 19 209 1,217 .03 .33 1.94
60 - 69 13 137 705 .03 .27 1.41
70 & over 21 162 609 .04 .29 1.08
Total
(1)
185 2,020 12,700 .04 .40 2.51
Child 0-15 5 115 988 .00 .12 1.01
Adult 16+ 180 1,903 11,702 .04 .47 2.87
(1) Includes those whose age was 'not known'
(2) Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(3) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way motor caravans were counted -see Annex C.
(4) The basis of the population estimates is described in the Introduction.
107
Table 32 Casualties
Casualty rates per thousand population by mode of transport, age group and severity
Years: 1998-2002 average
Pedal Cycle
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per thousand population
Killed
Killed & Seriously injured
All Severities
Motor Cycle
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per thousand population
Bus/Coach
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per thousand population
Light Goods
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per thousand population
Heavy Goods
0.0
0.5
1.0
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per thousand population
108
Table 32 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by age and severity, separately for each mode of transport
Numbers and rates per thousand population
Years: 1998-2002 average
Killed & All Killed & All
Road User Age group Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
numbers rates per thousand population
(4)
Taxi 0 - 4 - - 4 - - .01
5 - 11 - - 5 - - .01
12 - 15 - 1 6 - .00 .02
16 - 22 - 3 31 - .01 .07
23 - 29 - 2 42 - .01 .09
30 - 39 - 4 78 - .01 .10
40 - 49 - 6 66 - .01 .09
50 - 59 - 5 48 - .01 .08
60 - 69 - 3 22 - .01 .04
70 & over - 3 13 - .00 .02
Total
(1)
1 27 313 - .01 .06
Child 0-15 - 1 14 - .00 .01
Adult 16+ 1 26 299 - .01 .07
Minibus
(3)
0 - 4 - - 1 - - .00
5 - 11 - 2 9 - .00 .02
12 - 15 - 1 8 - .01 .03
16 - 22 - 3 18 - .01 .04
23 - 29 - 2 15 - .01 .03
30 - 39 - 3 27 - .00 .03
40 - 49 - 1 18 - .00 .03
50 - 59 - 2 12 - .00 .02
60 - 69 - 2 7 - .00 .01
70 & over 1 3 6 - .00 .01
Total
(1)
2 20 124 - .00 .02
Child 0-15 - 3 19 - .00 .02
Adult 16+ 2 17 105 .00 .00 .03
Bus/Coach 0 - 4 - - 33 - - .12
5 - 11 - 2 54 - .00 .12
12 - 15 - 3 51 - .01 .20
16 - 22 - 4 66 - .01 .15
23 - 29 - 3 50 - .01 .11
30 - 39 - 6 112 - .01 .14
40 - 49 - 4 91 - .01 .13
50 - 59 - 9 101 - .01 .16
60 - 69 - 13 122 - .03 .24
70 & over - 27 205 - .05 .36
Total
(1)
1 72 901 .00 .01 .18
Child 0-15 - 6 139 - .01 .14
Adult 16+ - 66 747 - .02 .18
Light goods 0 - 4 - 1 2 - .00 .01
5 - 11 - 1 6 - .00 .01
12 - 15 - 2 6 - .01 .02
16 - 22 1 13 60 .00 .03 .13
23 - 29 1 13 86 .00 .03 .19
30 - 39 3 21 134 .00 .03 .17
40 - 49 1 15 78 .00 .02 .11
50 - 59 1 12 52 .00 .02 .08
60 - 69 1 4 16 .00 .01 .03
70 & over - 1 4 - - .01
Total
(1)
8 82 444 .00 .02 .09
Child 0-15 - 4 14 - .00 .01
Adult 16+ 8 78 430 .00 .02 .11
(1) Includes those whose age was 'not known'
(2) Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(3) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way motor caravans were counted -see Annex C.
(4) The basis of the population estimates is described in the Introduction.
109
Table 32 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by age and severity, separately for each mode of transport
Numbers and rates per thousand population
Years: 1998-2002 average
Killed & All Killed & All
Road User Age group Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
numbers rates per thousand population
(4)
Heavy goods 0 - 4 - - 1 - - -
5 - 11 - - 4 - - .01
12 - 15 - 1 3 - .00 .01
16 - 22 - 3 17 - .01 .04
23 - 29 1 8 48 .00 .02 .11
30 - 39 1 16 98 .00 .02 .12
40 - 49 3 16 66 .00 .02 .09
50 - 59 1 10 47 .00 .02 .07
60 - 69 1 3 11 .00 .01 .02
70 & over - - 1 - - .00
Total
(1)
7 58 297 .00 .01 .06
Child 0-15 - 1 8 - .00 .01
Adult 16+ 7 56 288 .00 .01 .07
Other
(3)
0 - 4 - - 1 - - .00
5 - 11 - 1 4 - .00 .01
12 - 15 - 1 5 - .00 .02
16 - 22 - 4 20 - .01 .04
23 - 29 - 3 28 - .01 .06
30 - 39 - 7 45 - .01 .06
40 - 49 - 3 30 - .00 .04
50 - 59 - 4 21 - .01 .03
60 - 69 - 1 7 - .00 .01
70 & over - 1 4 - .00 .01
Total
(1)
- 25 166 - .00 .03
Child 0-15 - 3 11 - .00 .01
Adult 16+ - 22 155 - .01 .04
Total 0 - 4 4 80 433 .01 .28 1.53
5 - 11 9 284 1,557 .02 .64 3.53
12 - 15 9 226 1,089 .04 .88 4.22
16 - 22 62 720 3,803 .14 1.61 8.52
23 - 29 45 508 2,935 .10 1.13 6.51
30 - 39 58 690 3,989 .07 .88 5.06
40 - 49 43 462 2,623 .06 .65 3.71
50 - 59 33 362 1,822 .05 .58 2.90
60 - 69 25 246 1,125 .05 .49 2.25
70 & over 47 358 1,201 .08 .64 2.14
Total
(1)
335 3,940 20,626 .07 .78 4.07
Child 0-15 22 590 3,079 .02 .60 3.14
Adult 16+ 312 3,347 17,498 .08 .82 4.28
(1) Includes those whose age was 'not known'
(2) Motorcycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(3) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way motor caravans were counted -see Annex C.
(4) The basis of the population estimates is described in the Introduction.
110
Table 33 Casualties
Casualties by speed limit, mode of transport and severity
Years: 1998-2002 average
Severity/
Mode of 30 mph 40 mph 50 mph 60 mph 70 mph Other Total
Transport
Killed
Pedestrian 51 6 2 14 9 - 81
Pedal cycle 4 1 - 4 1 - 10
Motor cycle
(1)
7 - - 31 2 - 39
Car 21 7 1 134 22 - 185
Bus/coach - - - - - - 1
Other
(2)
2 1 - 12 3 - 19
Total 84 15 4 194 38 - 335
Killed & Serious
Pedestrian 886 42 10 59 21 2 1,020
Pedal cycle 136 7 2 29 4 1 179
Motor cycle
(1)
145 19 8 244 20 1 437
Car 474 82 27 1,258 176 3 2,020
Bus/coach 56 3 - 12 1 - 72
Other
(2)
51 10 6 116 29 - 212
Total 1,747 163 54 1,718 251 8 3,940
All Severities
Pedestrian 3,344 97 18 124 35 13 3,631
Pedal cycle 808 34 7 94 10 4 957
Motor cycle
(1)
506 56 19 463 47 2 1,094
Car 5,228 697 230 5,325 1,199 22 12,700
Bus/coach 726 39 18 95 18 4 901
Other
(2)
572 64 26 528 152 2 1,344
Total 11,185 987 318 6,628 1,461 47 20,626
(1) Motor cycle includes all two wheeled motor vehicles
(2) Affected by the change in 1999 in the way that motor caravans were counted - see Annex C.
Speed Limit
111
Table 34 Casualties
Killed and seriously injured casualties by age group and casualty class
Years: 1998-2002 average
Pedestrian
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
Male
Female
Driver or rider
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
Passenger in vehicle or on pillion
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 - 4 5 - 11 12 - 15 16 - 22 23 - 29 30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70+
Age
Rates per
thousand population
112
Table 34 Casualties
Casualties by age, severity and sex, separately for each casualty class
Numbers and rates per thousand population
Years: 1998-2002 average
Male Female Total
(1)
Casualty Killed and All Killed and All Killed and All
class/age Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
(a) Numbers
Pedestrian
0 - 4 2 36 113 1 17 61 2 54 176
5 - 11 4 139 548 3 65 282 6 204 832
12 - 15 3 83 302 3 49 219 6 133 520
16 - 22 7 72 282 1 33 174 8 105 457
23 - 29 4 51 187 1 21 98 6 72 285
30 - 39 8 70 233 1 20 120 9 90 353
40 - 49 3 47 151 2 22 98 5 70 249
50 - 59 6 44 128 3 24 81 8 68 209
60 - 69 4 39 109 3 29 83 7 68 192
70 & over 12 67 146 12 90 197 23 156 345
Total
(1)
51 648 2,208 30 371 1,418 81 1,020 3,631
Child 0-15 8 259 963 6 132 562 15 391 1,529
Adult 16+ 43 389 1,235 23 239 850 66 629 2,089
Driver or rider
0 - 4 - 2 7 - - 1 - 2 8
5 - 11 1 27 155 - 7 43 1 34 198
12 - 15 1 28 131 - 3 16 1 31 146
16 - 22 29 279 1,282 5 68 566 34 347 1,849
23 - 29 26 258 1,191 4 69 717 30 328 1,908
30 - 39 36 385 1,787 5 109 1,026 41 494 2,813
40 - 49 26 239 1,132 6 75 672 31 315 1,804
50 - 59 15 152 688 5 61 388 19 213 1,076
60 - 69 9 75 353 3 31 152 11 107 506
70 & over 10 64 245 4 34 115 14 98 361
Total
(1)
151 1,510 6,974 32 459 3,698 184 1,969 10,675
Child 0-15 2 56 292 - 11 59 2 67 352
Adult 16+ 149 1,454 6,678 32 448 3,637 181 1,902 10,317
Passenger
vehicle/pillion
0 - 4 1 12 130 - 12 121 1 25 250
5 - 11 1 26 256 - 19 271 2 45 528
12 - 15 1 34 184 1 29 238 2 63 423
16 - 22 13 161 746 7 107 752 20 268 1,498
23 - 29 6 61 336 3 47 407 9 108 743
30 - 39 4 49 337 3 58 486 7 107 823
40 - 49 3 29 189 3 49 380 6 78 569
50 - 59 2 22 140 4 58 397 6 81 537
60 - 69 2 16 93 4 55 335 6 72 428
70 & over 2 18 98 8 86 397 10 104 498
Total
(1)
36 430 2,518 34 521 3,798 70 951 6,320
Child 0-15 4 73 571 2 60 629 5 133 1,201
Adult 16+ 32 358 1,939 32 459 3,155 65 817 5,097
(1). Includes those whose sex and/or age was not known.
(2) The basis of the population estimates is described in the Introduction.
113
Table 34 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by age, severity and sex, separately for each casualty class
(1)
Numbers and rates per thousand population
Years: 1998-2002 average
Male Female Total
(2)
Casualty Killed and All Killed and All Killed and All
class/age Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
(b) Rates per thousand population
(3)
Pedestrian
0 - 4 .01 .25 .78 .00 .13 .44 .01 .19 .62
5 - 11 .02 .62 2.43 .01 .30 1.31 .01 .46 1.89
12 - 15 .02 .63 2.28 .02 .39 1.74 .02 .51 2.02
16 - 22 .03 .32 1.26 .01 .15 .78 .02 .23 1.02
23 - 29 .02 .23 .84 .01 .09 .43 .01 .16 .63
30 - 39 .02 .18 .61 .00 .05 .29 .01 .11 .45
40 - 49 .01 .14 .44 .01 .06 .27 .01 .10 .35
50 - 59 .02 .14 .41 .01 .08 .25 .01 .11 .33
60 - 69 .02 .17 .46 .01 .11 .31 .01 .13 .38
70 & over .05 .31 .69 .03 .26 .57 .04 .28 .61
Total
(2)
.02 .27 .91 .01 .14 .54 .02 .20 .72
Child 0-15 .02 .51 1.92 .01 .28 1.17 .02 .40 1.56
Adult 16+ .02 .20 .64 .01 .11 .39 .02 .15 .51
Driver or rider
0 - 4 .00 .01 .05 .00 .00 .01 .00 .01 .03
5 - 11 .00 .12 .69 .00 .03 .20 .00 .08 .45
12 - 15 .01 .21 .99 - .02 .12 .00 .12 .57
16 - 22 .13 1.24 5.71 .02 .31 2.55 .08 .78 4.14
23 - 29 .12 1.17 5.39 .02 .30 3.12 .07 .73 4.23
30 - 39 .09 1.01 4.68 .01 .27 2.53 .05 .63 3.57
40 - 49 .07 .69 3.25 .02 .21 1.87 .04 .44 2.55
50 - 59 .05 .49 2.22 .01 .19 1.22 .03 .34 1.71
60 - 69 .04 .32 1.51 .01 .12 .57 .02 .21 1.01
70 & over .05 .30 1.15 .01 .10 .33 .02 .17 .64
Total
(2)
.06 .62 2.86 .01 .17 1.41 .04 .39 2.11
Child 0-15 .00 .11 .58 .00 .02 .12 .00 .07 .36
Adult 16+ .08 .75 3.46 .01 .21 1.69 .04 .47 2.53
Passenger
vehicle/pillion
0 - 4 .01 .09 .89 .00 .09 .87 .00 .09 .89
5 - 11 .01 .12 1.14 .00 .09 1.26 .00 .10 1.20
12 - 15 .01 .26 1.40 .01 .23 1.89 .01 .24 1.64
16 - 22 .06 .72 3.32 .03 .48 3.39 .04 .60 3.36
23 - 29 .03 .28 1.52 .01 .20 1.77 .02 .24 1.65
30 - 39 .01 .13 .88 .01 .14 1.20 .01 .14 1.05
40 - 49 .01 .08 .54 .01 .14 1.06 .01 .11 .80
50 - 59 .01 .07 .45 .01 .18 1.24 .01 .13 .85
60 - 69 .01 .07 .40 .02 .21 1.26 .01 .14 .85
70 & over .01 .08 .46 .02 .25 1.14 .02 .18 .89
Total
(2)
.01 .18 1.03 .01 .20 1.44 .01 .19 1.25
Child 0-15 .01 .14 1.14 .00 .13 1.31 .01 .14 1.22
Adult 16+ .02 .19 1.00 .01 .21 1.47 .02 .20 1.25
(1) Due to a small problem with a few records, some of the figures in this table will not match exactly those of other tables.
(2) Includes those whose sex and/or age was not known.
(3) The basis of the population estimates is described in the Introduction.
114
115
Table 35 Casualties
Child and adult pedestrian casualties in single vehicle accidents by pedestrian action,
and pedestrian crossing details
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
On Within zig Within Crossing Other/ Total
Pedestrian zag of 50 metres of Road Unknown
Crossing Pedestrian Pedestrian Elsewhere
Crossing Crossing
(a) Child Pedestrian
(2)
Crossing road not concealed by vehicle
1994-98 average 76 16 72 939 94 1,198
1998 68 16 65 863 84 1,096
1999 79 3 55 746 87 970
2000 63 7 48 784 53 955
2001 71 7 54 703 88 923
2002 52 7 53 580 74 766
1998-2002 average 67 8 55 735 77 942
Crossing road concealed by vehicle
1994-98 average 11 2 30 443 37 522
1998 12 - 31 412 37 492
1999 5 4 18 389 34 450
2000 7 1 14 309 27 358
2001 9 - 20 275 29 333
2002 8 1 26 291 22 348
1998-2002 average 8 1 22 335 30 396
Standing/walking
1994-98 average - - - - 111 111
1998 - - - - 89 89
1999 - - - - 92 92
2000 - - - - 77 77
2001 - - - 1 102 103
2002 - - - - 82 82
1998-2002 average - - - - 88 89
Other/unknown
1994-98 average - - - 5 43 48
1998 - - - 3 33 36
1999 1 - - 10 47 58
2000 - - - 6 39 45
2001 2 - 1 6 73 82
2002 1 - 3 6 53 63
1998-2002 average 1 - 1 6 49 57
Total
1994-98 average 87 18 102 1,387 284 1,879
1998 80 16 96 1,278 243 1,713
1999 85 7 73 1,145 260 1,570
2000 70 8 62 1,099 196 1,435
2001 82 7 75 985 292 1,441
2002 61 8 82 877 231 1,259
1998-2002 average 76 9 78 1,077 244 1,484
(1) Excludes those persons whose age was unknown.
(2) Child 0-15 years.
116
Table 35 (continued) Casualties
Child and adult pedestrian casualties in single vehicle accidents by pedestrian action,
and pedestrian crossing details
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998 to 2002
On Within zig Within Crossing Other/ Total
Pedestrian zag of 50 metres of Road Unknown
Crossing Pedestrian Pedestrian Elsewhere
Crossing Crossing
(b) Adult Pedestrian
Crossing road not concealed by vehicle
1994-98 average 191 26 199 1,045 129 1,591
1998 217 20 191 986 99 1,513
1999 200 19 133 824 106 1,282
2000 123 18 100 946 117 1,304
2001 138 6 123 740 129 1,136
2002 161 16 148 747 121 1,193
1998-2002 average 168 16 139 849 114 1,286
Crossing road concealed by vehicle
1994-98 average 19 5 46 179 14 263
1998 18 5 53 178 11 265
1999 19 2 36 148 13 218
2000 9 1 18 154 22 204
2001 9 2 35 108 22 176
2002 17 2 42 127 24 212
1998-2002 average 14 2 37 143 18 215
Standing/walking
1994-98 average - - - - 330 330
1998 - - - - 325 325
1999 - - - - 326 326
2000 - - - - 289 289
2001 - - - - 249 249
2002 - - - - 272 272
1998-2002 average - - - - 292 292
Other/unknown
1994-98 average 2 - 1 12 105 120
1998 - - - 8 75 83
1999 2 - 1 31 138 172
2000 1 - 2 23 146 172
2001 5 - 5 30 186 226
2002 2 - 4 36 164 206
1998-2002 average 2 - 2 26 142 172
Total
1994-98 average 212 32 246 1,236 578 2,304
1998 235 25 244 1,172 510 2,186
1999 221 21 170 1,003 583 1,998
2000 133 19 120 1,123 574 1,969
2001 152 8 163 878 586 1,787
2002 180 18 194 910 581 1,883
1998-2002 average 184 18 178 1,017 567 1,965
(1) Excludes those persons whose age was unknown.
(2) Child 0-15 years.
117
Table 36 Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Northern
Highland
1994-98 average 16 12 1 13 29 169 69 50 12 42 172 342
1998 21 15 1 16 37 158 82 51 12 41 186 344
1999 19 7 3 10 29 145 47 52 13 28 140 285
2000 21 10 6 16 37 135 63 41 7 36 147 282
2001 12 17 2 19 31 175 71 45 11 41 168 343
2002 10 9 4 13 23 114 38 23 11 27 99 213
1998-2002 average 17 12 3 15 31 145 60 42 11 35 148 293
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -38 -24 186 -2 -22 -33 -45 -54 -5 -36 -43 -38
1998-2002 average 2 -2 129 12 7 -14 -13 -15 -7 -18 -14 -14
Orkney Islands
1994-98 average 0 2 0 2 2 0 9 4 2 2 17 17
1998 0 3 0 3 3 0 12 2 3 0 17 17
1999 0 4 1 5 5 0 15 11 5 1 32 32
2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 1 7 7
2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 1 10 10
2002 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 1 2 9 9
1998-2002 average 0 1 0 2 2 0 7 5 2 1 15 15
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. -100 -100 -100 -100 .. -66 -21 -55 -9 -47 -47
1998-2002 average .. -36 0 -33 -33 .. -20 37 -18 -55 -12 -12
Shetland Islands
1994-98 average 0 3 0 3 3 0 14 5 2 2 24 24
1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 3 1 1 21 21
1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 4 0 2 18 18
2000 0 3 1 4 4 0 5 3 2 0 10 10
2001 0 3 0 3 3 0 14 0 1 1 16 16
2002 0 2 0 2 2 0 11 0 3 1 15 15
1998-2002 average 0 2 0 2 2 0 12 2 1 1 16 16
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. -33 .. -33 -33 .. -23 -100 25 -44 -36 -36
1998-2002 average .. -47 .. -40 -40 .. -18 -62 -42 -44 -32 -32
Eilean Siar
1994-98 average 0 2 1 3 3 0 16 5 6 2 29 29
1998 0 1 2 3 3 0 19 4 8 3 34 34
1999 0 2 0 2 2 0 14 6 6 5 31 31
2000 0 2 0 2 2 0 3 5 3 3 14 14
2001 0 4 1 5 5 0 9 4 8 2 23 23
2002 0 1 1 2 2 0 7 4 5 5 21 21
1998-2002 average 0 2 1 3 3 0 10 5 6 4 25 25
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. -58 0 -41 -41 .. -56 -20 -19 127 -28 -28
1998-2002 average .. -17 -20 -18 -18 .. -34 -8 -3 64 -16 -16
Grampian
Aberdeen City
1994-98 average 1 2 7 8 9 9 6 8 35 54 103 112
1998 2 2 9 11 13 12 6 10 33 46 95 107
1999 0 0 6 6 6 4 4 9 23 47 83 87
2000 1 1 2 3 4 8 1 13 20 42 76 84
2001 2 4 4 8 10 11 0 10 9 37 56 67
2002 2 0 4 4 6 10 0 3 25 32 60 70
1998-2002 average 1 1 5 6 8 9 2 9 22 41 74 83
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 100 -100 -39 -52 -36 16 -100 -63 -29 -41 -42 -37
1998-2002 average 40 -22 -24 -24 -17 5 -61 13 -38 -24 -28 -26
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
118
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Northern
Highland
1994-98 average 522 184 180 41 197 603 1,125
1998 520 220 227 33 211 691 1,211
1999 537 179 202 36 192 609 1,146
2000 470 206 167 39 148 560 1,030
2001 550 168 154 30 169 521 1,071
2002 444 151 136 33 163 483 927
1998-2002 average 504 185 177 34 177 573 1,077
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -15 -18 -25 -20 -17 -20 -18
1998-2002 average -3 0 -2 -17 -10 -5 -4
Orkney Islands
1994-98 average 0 24 13 8 7 52 52
1998 0 24 16 12 4 56 56
1999 0 35 19 15 7 76 76
2000 0 17 9 3 4 33 33
2001 0 24 9 7 5 45 45
2002 0 28 20 3 12 63 63
1998-2002 average 0 26 15 8 6 55 55
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. 15 56 -62 62 20 20
1998-2002 average .. 5 14 3 -14 4 4
Shetland Islands
1994-98 average 0 47 18 10 8 82 82
1998 0 47 19 16 4 86 86
1999 0 41 11 7 8 67 67
2000 0 23 8 13 4 48 48
2001 0 37 6 4 3 50 50
2002 0 20 5 6 9 40 40
1998-2002 average 0 34 10 9 6 58 58
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. -57 -72 -38 13 -51 -51
1998-2002 average .. -28 -44 -4 -30 -29 -29
Eilean Siar
1994-98 average 0 43 22 20 9 94 94
1998 0 52 19 24 7 102 102
1999 0 35 28 16 18 97 97
2000 0 35 15 15 17 82 82
2001 0 27 19 21 11 78 78
2002 0 21 18 17 22 78 78
1998-2002 average 0 34 20 19 15 87 87
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. -51 -17 -16 139 -17 -17
1998-2002 average .. -21 -8 -8 63 -7 -7
Grampian
Aberdeen City
1994-98 average 58 21 47 225 365 658 716
1998 58 18 59 191 327 595 653
1999 59 18 47 131 303 499 558
2000 56 11 61 123 315 510 566
2001 48 7 47 102 298 454 502
2002 44 16 38 111 270 435 479
1998-2002 average 53 14 50 132 303 499 552
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -24 -25 -19 -51 -26 -34 -33
1998-2002 average -9 -34 7 -42 -17 -24 -23
Non built-up Built-up
119
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
Aberdeenshire
1994-98 average 9 19 2 21 30 44 66 70 11 24 171 215
1998 8 21 1 22 30 41 75 73 7 29 184 225
1999 2 18 4 22 24 44 60 59 14 16 149 193
2000 12 20 2 22 34 45 68 76 7 25 176 221
2001 7 21 4 25 32 39 74 52 3 20 149 188
2002 4 23 5 28 32 25 60 68 6 23 157 182
1998-2002 average 7 21 3 24 30 39 67 66 7 23 163 202
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -56 24 127 35 7 -43 -9 -3 -45 -3 -8 -15
1998-2002 average -27 11 45 14 2 -12 2 -6 -33 -5 -5 -6
Moray
1994-98 average 5 5 0 5 11 22 16 18 4 9 47 69
1998 5 9 1 10 15 22 17 25 2 8 52 74
1999 1 3 1 4 5 11 7 7 1 8 23 34
2000 5 10 0 10 15 26 17 15 1 7 40 66
2001 1 6 1 7 8 19 16 18 3 10 47 66
2002 6 6 0 6 12 20 11 21 1 8 41 61
1998-2002 average 4 7 1 7 11 20 14 17 2 8 41 60
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 11 25 -100 15 13 -9 -30 14 -74 -9 -12 -11
1998-2002 average -33 42 50 42 4 -11 -14 -7 -58 -7 -13 -13
Tayside
Dundee City
1994-98 average 1 1 4 4 5 9 8 2 18 87 115 124
1998 4 1 3 4 8 9 9 0 9 78 96 105
1999 0 4 2 6 6 14 10 2 14 61 87 101
2000 0 0 6 6 6 10 0 4 12 52 68 78
2001 1 1 3 4 5 17 2 8 20 51 81 98
2002 0 0 3 3 3 2 4 0 21 47 72 74
1998-2002 average 1 1 3 5 6 10 5 3 15 58 81 91
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -100 -100 -17 -32 -44 -77 -47 -100 14 -46 -38 -40
1998-2002 average 0 50 -6 5 4 18 -34 27 -17 -34 -30 -26
Angus
1994-98 average 3 6 1 7 9 21 48 41 9 30 128 149
1998 1 1 1 2 3 18 48 44 9 28 129 147
1999 4 8 3 11 15 15 42 39 10 26 117 132
2000 1 5 0 5 6 11 31 44 9 21 105 116
2001 3 9 2 11 14 22 36 24 11 25 96 118
2002 2 5 0 5 7 11 26 33 8 18 85 96
1998-2002 average 2 6 1 7 9 15 37 37 9 24 106 122
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -23 -17 -100 -24 -24 -47 -46 -20 -7 -39 -33 -35
1998-2002 average -15 -7 100 3 -2 -26 -24 -11 9 -20 -17 -18
Perth & Kinross
1994-98 average 11 9 2 10 21 82 68 39 23 24 154 236
1998 7 6 4 10 17 83 77 35 26 30 168 251
1999 10 7 2 9 19 74 49 22 7 39 117 191
2000 7 4 0 4 11 64 49 32 9 24 114 178
2001 20 10 1 11 31 87 64 39 13 21 137 224
2002 10 6 1 7 17 35 63 42 18 13 136 171
1998-2002 average 11 7 2 8 19 69 60 34 15 25 134 203
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -7 -30 -38 -31 -19 -57 -8 9 -21 -47 -12 -27
1998-2002 average 0 -23 0 -20 -10 -16 -12 -12 -36 4 -13 -14
120
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Non built-up Built-up
Aberdeenshire
1994-98 average 192 254 301 72 140 766 959
1998 167 287 314 53 140 794 961
1999 156 239 240 51 135 665 821
2000 117 231 290 43 125 689 806
2001 167 258 222 39 132 651 818
2002 137 253 262 38 129 682 819
1998-2002 average 149 254 266 45 132 696 845
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -29 0 -13 -47 -8 -11 -15
1998-2002 average -23 0 -12 -38 -6 -9 -12
Moray
1994-98 average 81 64 75 21 55 215 296
1998 71 68 87 10 54 219 290
1999 54 57 50 9 46 162 216
2000 91 60 57 8 64 189 280
2001 74 62 74 17 54 207 281
2002 63 43 67 15 46 171 234
1998-2002 average 71 58 67 12 53 190 260
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -22 -33 -10 -27 -16 -20 -21
1998-2002 average -13 -10 -10 -43 -4 -12 -12
Tayside
Dundee City
1994-98 average 54 21 7 79 354 461 515
1998 72 20 1 75 308 404 476
1999 64 19 7 75 332 433 497
2000 54 3 10 62 324 399 453
2001 66 6 16 90 308 420 486
2002 43 18 3 124 285 430 473
1998-2002 average 60 13 7 85 311 417 477
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -20 -15 -57 57 -19 -7 -8
1998-2002 average 11 -38 6 8 -12 -10 -7
Angus
1994-98 average 63 148 123 38 135 445 508
1998 61 157 121 40 128 446 507
1999 44 142 123 45 131 441 485
2000 39 115 134 59 112 420 459
2001 58 107 89 50 108 354 412
2002 52 136 138 62 114 450 502
1998-2002 average 51 131 121 51 119 422 473
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -18 -8 12 61 -16 1 -1
1998-2002 average -20 -11 -2 33 -12 -5 -7
Perth & Kinross
1994-98 average 246 180 124 94 106 503 749
1998 236 191 110 92 100 493 729
1999 254 199 118 48 147 512 766
2000 176 156 128 57 125 466 642
2001 293 193 130 75 101 499 792
2002 135 169 140 75 89 473 608
1998-2002 average 219 182 125 69 112 489 707
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -45 -6 13 -20 -16 -6 -19
1998-2002 average -11 1 1 -26 6 -3 -6
121
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
Fife
1994-98 average 6 9 5 15 21 36 59 58 38 76 231 266
1998 7 10 7 17 24 29 51 49 20 70 190 219
1999 2 11 2 13 15 11 41 42 28 70 181 192
2000 4 2 6 8 12 42 39 55 26 87 207 249
2001 4 11 6 17 21 28 56 50 18 80 204 232
2002 6 19 4 23 29 45 76 60 32 65 233 278
1998-2002 average 5 11 5 16 20 31 53 51 25 74 203 234
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 0 102 -23 58 41 26 29 3 -15 -14 1 4
1998-2002 average -23 13 -4 7 -2 -13 -11 -12 -34 -2 -12 -12
Lothian & Borders
Edinburgh, City of
1994-98 average 1 3 13 16 18 8 17 8 108 148 281 290
1998 3 3 18 21 24 9 9 9 72 115 205 214
1999 0 1 14 15 15 6 9 4 83 136 232 238
2000 0 6 15 21 21 7 16 10 96 145 267 274
2001 0 1 15 16 16 7 4 7 100 150 261 268
2002 0 1 11 12 12 4 7 9 84 117 217 221
1998-2002 average 1 2 15 17 18 7 9 8 87 133 236 243
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -100 -69 -17 -27 -33 -52 -59 13 -22 -21 -23 -24
1998-2002 average -57 -25 11 4 -1 -21 -47 -3 -19 -11 -16 -16
West Lothian
1994-98 average 2 10 2 12 14 9 38 20 16 38 113 122
1998 2 16 5 21 23 10 50 15 16 36 117 127
1999 0 4 3 7 7 3 34 13 3 24 74 77
2000 0 10 0 10 10 7 43 6 7 31 87 94
2001 1 6 4 10 11 10 18 23 5 42 88 98
2002 1 3 1 4 5 2 17 8 6 34 65 67
1998-2002 average 1 8 3 10 11 6 32 13 7 33 86 93
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -44 -70 -58 -68 -65 -77 -56 -60 -63 -11 -42 -45
1998-2002 average -56 -22 8 -16 -21 -26 -16 -34 -55 -13 -24 -24
Midlothian
1994-98 average 1 1 2 3 4 12 13 8 7 14 42 55
1998 3 3 2 5 8 20 11 7 10 9 37 57
1999 1 3 1 4 5 8 14 10 4 7 35 43
2000 2 1 0 1 3 15 14 9 7 18 48 63
2001 1 1 0 1 2 10 7 6 1 17 31 41
2002 1 1 1 2 3 18 17 7 1 18 43 61
1998-2002 average 2 2 1 3 4 14 13 8 5 14 39 53
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -17 -17 -38 -29 -25 45 33 -10 -86 25 2 12
1998-2002 average 33 50 -50 -7 5 15 -2 0 -36 -4 -8 -3
East Lothian
1994-98 average 2 3 1 4 7 10 9 15 7 12 44 55
1998 0 3 0 3 3 2 6 16 4 6 32 34
1999 5 2 1 3 8 14 13 14 3 16 46 60
2000 3 1 4 5 8 14 11 17 4 24 56 70
2001 1 3 0 3 4 9 19 7 1 10 37 46
2002 7 0 2 2 9 24 11 8 4 14 37 61
1998-2002 average 3 2 1 3 6 13 12 12 3 14 42 54
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 192 -100 100 -52 36 131 22 -48 -46 13 -16 12
1998-2002 average 33 -44 40 -24 -3 21 33 -19 -57 13 -6 -1
122
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Non built-up Built-up
Fife
1994-98 average 136 214 205 169 340 928 1,064
1998 153 213 189 147 311 860 1,013
1999 103 212 244 115 339 910 1,013
2000 185 184 195 136 376 891 1,076
2001 129 185 201 108 389 883 1,012
2002 173 228 187 144 348 907 1,080
1998-2002 average 149 204 203 130 353 890 1,039
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 27 6 -9 -15 2 -2 1
1998-2002 average 9 -5 -1 -23 4 -4 -2
Lothian & Borders
Edinburgh, City of
1994-98 average 81 127 38 903 1,243 2,311 2,392
1998 126 105 42 893 1,283 2,323 2,449
1999 93 59 50 774 1,237 2,120 2,213
2000 118 119 59 739 1,334 2,251 2,369
2001 126 76 57 704 1,167 2,004 2,130
2002 78 64 78 709 1,047 1,898 1,976
1998-2002 average 108 85 57 764 1,214 2,119 2,227
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -4 -50 104 -21 -16 -18 -17
1998-2002 average 33 -33 50 -15 -2 -8 -7
West Lothian
1994-98 average 54 194 112 120 283 709 763
1998 75 210 79 156 297 742 817
1999 58 178 104 73 284 639 697
2000 54 177 68 69 295 609 663
2001 75 163 100 53 348 664 739
2002 41 148 79 53 342 622 663
1998-2002 average 61 175 86 81 313 655 716
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -25 -24 -29 -56 21 -12 -13
1998-2002 average 11 -10 -23 -33 11 -8 -6
Midlothian
1994-98 average 63 80 43 49 120 292 354
1998 59 85 51 58 109 303 362
1999 65 68 46 50 103 267 332
2000 61 80 58 59 128 325 386
2001 40 66 28 43 132 269 309
2002 66 65 27 22 139 253 319
1998-2002 average 58 73 42 46 122 283 342
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 5 -18 -37 -55 16 -13 -10
1998-2002 average -7 -9 -2 -6 2 -3 -4
East Lothian
1994-98 average 54 46 57 53 105 262 316
1998 35 53 53 63 103 272 307
1999 74 73 61 28 122 284 358
2000 47 57 69 22 168 316 363
2001 66 77 75 18 108 278 344
2002 80 52 56 18 127 253 333
1998-2002 average 60 62 63 30 126 281 341
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 47 13 -2 -66 20 -3 5
1998-2002 average 11 36 9 -44 19 7 8
123
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
Scottish Borders
1994-98 average 7 10 2 11 18 27 48 25 4 11 88 115
1998 6 8 1 9 15 23 35 14 2 12 63 86
1999 1 16 0 16 17 20 38 46 2 22 108 128
2000 6 9 0 9 15 29 38 27 4 16 85 114
2001 0 7 1 8 8 10 52 29 0 12 93 103
2002 1 5 3 8 9 23 49 34 3 17 103 126
1998-2002 average 3 9 1 10 13 21 42 30 2 16 90 111
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -85 -49 88 -30 -51 -15 3 36 -25 55 18 10
1998-2002 average -59 -8 -38 -12 -30 -22 -11 20 -45 44 3 -3
Central
Clackmannanshire
1994-98 average 0 1 1 2 2 0 11 5 8 17 42 42
1998 0 0 2 2 2 0 6 6 9 9 30 30
1999 0 1 2 3 3 0 6 2 8 15 31 31
2000 0 2 3 5 5 2 16 4 7 13 40 42
2001 0 2 0 2 2 0 15 9 5 6 35 35
2002 0 4 0 4 4 0 22 2 9 11 44 44
1998-2002 average 0 2 1 3 3 0 13 5 8 11 36 36
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. 400 -100 100 100 -100 96 -63 10 -37 4 4
1998-2002 average .. 125 17 60 60 100 16 -15 -7 -38 -15 -14
Stirling
1994-98 average 4 4 2 6 10 42 46 16 18 19 100 142
1998 9 5 1 6 15 61 48 10 9 16 83 144
1999 2 1 0 1 3 29 57 16 12 17 102 131
2000 4 6 1 7 11 39 41 9 10 11 71 110
2001 5 2 0 2 7 39 35 16 4 14 69 108
2002 3 5 0 5 8 23 51 7 5 21 84 107
1998-2002 average 5 4 0 4 9 38 46 12 8 16 82 120
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -17 25 -100 -17 -17 -45 10 -56 -72 8 -16 -25
1998-2002 average 28 -5 -80 -30 -8 -9 0 -28 -56 -19 -18 -15
Falkirk
1994-98 average 2 3 3 6 8 13 16 10 22 45 93 106
1998 2 2 5 7 9 5 13 4 16 36 69 74
1999 0 2 2 4 4 3 15 3 22 32 72 75
2000 0 1 1 2 2 3 27 6 12 31 76 79
2001 3 2 3 5 8 13 23 7 14 33 77 90
2002 5 4 3 7 12 15 21 14 14 39 88 103
1998-2002 average 2 2 3 5 7 8 20 7 16 34 76 84
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 150 18 0 9 43 19 33 40 -36 -14 -5 -2
1998-2002 average 0 -35 -7 -22 -17 -38 25 -32 -28 -25 -18 -20
Strathclyde
Glasgow City
1994-98 average 2 0 25 25 27 24 8 3 171 364 547 570
1998 1 0 27 27 28 13 14 6 156 337 513 526
1999 1 0 17 17 18 21 10 4 127 317 458 479
2000 10 0 15 15 25 34 4 3 121 224 352 386
2001 3 0 18 18 21 15 11 5 122 246 384 399
2002 0 1 12 13 13 20 7 3 121 241 372 392
1998-2002 average 3 0 18 18 21 21 9 4 129 273 416 436
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -100 150 -52 -49 -52 -15 -15 -12 -29 -34 -32 -31
1998-2002 average 67 -50 -29 -29 -23 -13 12 24 -25 -25 -24 -23
124
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Non built-up Built-up
Scottish Borders
1994-98 average 147 211 148 35 86 480 627
1998 137 247 151 28 80 506 643
1999 91 182 207 18 132 539 630
2000 119 198 153 20 124 495 614
2001 83 225 150 13 107 495 578
2002 100 202 182 21 127 532 632
1998-2002 average 106 211 169 20 114 513 619
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -32 -4 23 -40 48 11 1
1998-2002 average -28 0 14 -43 33 7 -1
Central
Clackmannanshire
1994-98 average 1 35 18 25 59 137 138
1998 2 38 22 33 51 144 146
1999 0 27 15 25 60 127 127
2000 2 33 15 35 39 122 124
2001 0 33 21 18 28 100 100
2002 0 47 9 32 46 134 134
1998-2002 average 1 36 16 29 45 125 126
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -100 35 -51 29 -22 -2 -3
1998-2002 average 0 2 -10 15 -24 -8 -8
Stirling
1994-98 average 120 140 50 67 77 334 454
1998 154 155 51 54 75 335 489
1999 98 131 50 67 61 309 407
2000 94 125 43 51 63 282 376
2001 119 97 43 26 67 233 352
2002 99 139 34 46 86 305 404
1998-2002 average 113 129 44 49 70 293 406
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -18 -1 -31 -32 12 -9 -11
1998-2002 average -6 -7 -11 -28 -8 -12 -11
Falkirk
1994-98 average 50 65 46 110 210 432 482
1998 42 68 47 97 211 423 465
1999 36 58 37 131 189 415 451
2000 37 91 41 103 166 401 438
2001 73 74 29 71 160 334 407
2002 53 89 43 95 170 397 450
1998-2002 average 48 76 39 99 179 394 442
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 7 36 -7 -14 -19 -8 -7
1998-2002 average -3 16 -15 -10 -15 -9 -8
Strathclyde
Glasgow City
1994-98 average 172 42 21 915 1,960 2,938 3,110
1998 163 52 22 935 1,971 2,980 3,143
1999 194 43 28 831 1,727 2,629 2,823
2000 206 35 9 834 1,649 2,527 2,733
2001 211 46 22 850 1,603 2,521 2,732
2002 230 31 25 777 1,606 2,439 2,669
1998-2002 average 201 41 21 845 1,711 2,619 2,820
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 34 -26 20 -15 -18 -17 -14
1998-2002 average 17 -1 2 -8 -13 -11 -9
125
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
Argyll & Bute
1994-98 average 8 4 1 6 13 80 44 21 13 17 95 175
1998 7 4 1 5 12 77 50 19 9 11 89 166
1999 5 3 2 5 10 57 50 14 22 28 114 171
2000 14 2 1 3 17 68 26 12 13 19 70 138
2001 11 6 3 9 20 54 31 15 7 12 65 119
2002 5 2 1 3 8 69 34 5 11 13 63 132
1998-2002 average 8 3 2 5 13 65 38 13 12 17 80 145
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -34 -55 -29 -48 -40 -14 -22 -76 -18 -24 -34 -25
1998-2002 average 11 -23 14 -14 0 -19 -13 -38 -7 -3 -16 -17
West Dunbartonshire
1994-98 average 2 2 3 4 7 18 14 0 23 30 67 85
1998 4 2 4 6 10 25 13 0 27 25 65 90
1999 3 1 2 3 6 19 13 0 14 17 44 63
2000 1 0 1 1 2 14 5 0 15 22 42 56
2001 1 5 2 7 8 11 15 2 6 19 42 53
2002 0 0 1 1 1 2 8 1 11 27 47 49
1998-2002 average 2 2 2 4 5 14 11 1 15 22 48 62
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -100 -100 -62 -77 -85 -89 -42 400 -51 -10 -29 -42
1998-2002 average -18 -11 -23 -18 -18 -21 -22 200 -35 -27 -28 -26
East Dunbartonshire
1994-98 average 0 1 1 2 2 0 13 9 18 27 67 68
1998 0 2 0 2 2 1 14 9 17 18 58 59
1999 0 0 1 1 1 0 14 8 20 23 65 65
2000 0 2 4 6 6 0 7 5 12 20 44 44
2001 0 1 1 2 2 0 10 6 12 15 43 43
2002 0 0 1 1 1 0 6 12 9 13 40 40
1998-2002 average 0 1 1 2 2 0 10 8 14 18 50 50
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 .. -100 -17 -58 -58 -100 -53 28 -49 -52 -40 -41
1998-2002 average .. -17 17 0 0 -50 -20 -15 -21 -35 -26 -26
Inverclyde
1994-98 average 2 0 0 1 2 19 5 3 10 34 51 70
1998 2 0 0 0 2 16 7 8 14 22 51 67
1999 2 0 1 1 3 12 3 9 6 25 43 55
2000 0 0 2 2 2 8 0 2 3 27 32 40
2001 2 0 2 2 4 14 4 1 1 23 29 43
2002 2 0 1 1 3 19 3 0 2 14 19 38
1998-2002 average 2 0 1 1 3 14 3 4 5 22 35 49
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 11 -100 150 67 25 2 -35 -100 -80 -58 -63 -46
1998-2002 average -11 -100 200 100 17 -26 -26 25 -48 -34 -32 -31
Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 3 2 5 7 11 18 14 22 32 71 139 157
1998 0 2 4 6 6 6 7 18 22 68 115 121
1999 0 3 6 9 9 15 12 15 20 58 105 120
2000 3 2 8 10 13 31 5 8 23 56 92 123
2001 0 1 2 3 3 17 20 12 22 51 105 122
2002 2 1 3 4 6 15 11 8 18 45 82 97
1998-2002 average 1 2 5 6 7 17 11 12 21 56 100 117
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -41 -58 -38 -44 -43 -17 -21 -64 -43 -37 -41 -38
1998-2002 average -71 -25 -4 -11 -30 -7 -21 -46 -34 -22 -28 -26
126
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Non built-up Built-up
Argyll & Bute
1994-98 average 232 125 69 51 79 324 556
1998 226 130 58 42 72 302 528
1999 184 136 76 74 93 379 563
2000 153 108 66 41 64 279 432
2001 163 108 46 58 69 281 444
2002 181 118 39 45 74 276 457
1998-2002 average 181 120 57 52 74 303 485
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -22 -5 -44 -12 -6 -15 -18
1998-2002 average -22 -4 -18 1 -5 -6 -13
West Dumbartonshire
1994-98 average 72 45 1 109 176 330 402
1998 83 49 0 109 189 347 430
1999 57 39 1 100 117 257 314
2000 105 29 0 103 129 261 366
2001 83 45 3 68 130 246 329
2002 47 34 5 91 121 251 298
1998-2002 average 75 39 2 94 137 272 347
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -34 -24 525 -16 -31 -24 -26
1998-2002 average 5 -13 125 -13 -22 -18 -14
East Dumbartonshire
1994-98 average 2 51 47 116 141 354 356
1998 1 44 39 111 142 336 337
1999 0 48 36 111 140 335 335
2000 0 37 51 99 143 330 330
2001 0 29 48 94 152 323 323
2002 0 21 42 110 122 295 295
1998-2002 average 0 36 43 105 140 324 324
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -100 -59 -10 -5 -13 -17 -17
1998-2002 average -91 -30 -8 -9 -1 -8 -9
Inverclyde
1994-98 average 113 18 15 55 204 292 405
1998 111 26 19 64 178 287 398
1999 86 8 25 29 176 238 324
2000 109 13 9 35 187 244 353
2001 88 18 5 35 166 224 312
2002 92 9 20 27 136 192 284
1998-2002 average 97 15 16 38 169 237 334
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -19 -51 30 -51 -33 -34 -30
1998-2002 average -14 -19 1 -31 -17 -19 -18
Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 85 75 74 152 371 672 758
1998 76 72 64 146 346 628 704
1999 107 45 67 130 344 586 693
2000 142 33 47 134 289 503 645
2001 93 61 51 150 248 510 603
2002 120 45 55 132 286 518 638
1998-2002 average 108 51 57 138 303 549 657
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 41 -40 -26 -13 -23 -23 -16
1998-2002 average 26 -32 -23 -9 -19 -18 -13
127
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
East Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 2 3 1 4 6 10 8 9 6 25 48 58
1998 0 2 2 4 4 4 7 14 7 20 48 52
1999 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 11 8 21 43 45
2000 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 11 3 25 41 44
2001 0 1 2 3 3 3 1 8 7 20 36 39
2002 1 1 0 1 2 6 3 12 7 14 36 42
1998-2002 average 0 1 1 2 2 4 3 11 6 20 41 44
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -50 -62 -100 -72 -64 -39 -63 36 9 -44 -26 -28
1998-2002 average -90 -62 0 -44 -61 -63 -60 27 0 -21 -16 -24
North Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 5 6 8 15 19 38 32 25 52 129 238 276
1998 2 5 7 12 14 31 30 29 51 106 216 247
1999 1 6 9 15 16 26 30 25 30 106 191 217
2000 3 4 5 9 12 30 22 37 50 108 217 247
2001 5 3 4 7 12 25 28 13 34 80 155 180
2002 6 3 6 9 15 20 23 21 32 59 135 155
1998-2002 average 3 4 6 10 14 26 27 25 39 92 183 209
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 25 -53 -27 -38 -23 -47 -28 -15 -38 -54 -43 -44
1998-2002 average -29 -34 -24 -29 -29 -31 -17 1 -24 -29 -23 -24
South Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 4 8 8 16 20 45 54 31 38 96 219 264
1998 2 8 11 19 21 56 37 31 39 99 206 262
1999 5 11 7 18 23 48 56 27 41 86 210 258
2000 7 2 4 6 13 55 46 31 31 74 182 237
2001 1 5 3 8 9 24 47 26 19 72 164 188
2002 10 7 1 8 18 36 40 30 19 64 153 189
1998-2002 average 5 7 5 12 17 44 45 29 30 79 183 227
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 150 -8 -88 -49 -9 -21 -26 -2 -51 -33 -30 -29
1998-2002 average 25 -13 -37 -25 -15 -4 -16 -5 -22 -18 -16 -14
North Ayrshire
1994-98 average 1 2 2 4 6 32 19 29 12 41 101 133
1998 1 1 0 1 2 27 29 25 11 36 101 128
1999 4 3 2 5 9 36 13 19 11 30 73 109
2000 3 2 0 2 5 21 10 17 9 17 53 74
2001 3 6 1 7 10 20 13 20 12 21 66 86
2002 2 1 1 2 4 12 2 21 12 31 66 78
1998-2002 average 3 3 1 3 6 23 13 20 11 27 72 95
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 67 -58 -50 -55 -29 -63 -89 -28 2 -25 -35 -42
1998-2002 average 117 8 -60 -23 7 -28 -29 -30 -7 -35 -29 -29
East Ayrshire
1994-98 average 4 6 3 8 12 27 29 27 14 44 114 140
1998 2 5 0 5 7 22 27 21 7 43 98 120
1999 3 5 0 5 8 30 25 26 14 32 97 127
2000 2 3 1 4 6 14 16 27 10 19 72 86
2001 4 11 0 11 15 18 33 20 10 24 87 105
2002 4 7 0 7 11 19 22 20 7 24 73 92
1998-2002 average 3 6 0 6 9 21 25 23 10 28 85 106
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 11 25 -100 -17 -8 -29 -24 -25 -51 -45 -36 -34
1998-2002 average -17 11 -93 -24 -22 -23 -15 -14 -32 -35 -25 -25
128
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Non built-up Built-up
East Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 37 21 42 43 128 235 272
1998 14 10 44 53 140 247 261
1999 18 23 32 56 147 258 276
2000 23 11 47 52 112 222 245
2001 10 14 37 56 86 193 203
2002 19 11 36 37 85 169 188
1998-2002 average 17 14 39 51 114 218 235
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -49 -49 -15 -14 -33 -28 -31
1998-2002 average -55 -36 -8 18 -11 -7 -14
North Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 193 133 121 270 594 1,118 1,311
1998 228 172 151 283 600 1,206 1,434
1999 197 129 104 274 573 1,080 1,277
2000 201 118 127 289 643 1,177 1,378
2001 172 136 122 289 587 1,134 1,306
2002 168 117 105 238 493 953 1,121
1998-2002 average 193 134 122 275 579 1,110 1,303
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -13 -12 -14 -12 -17 -15 -14
1998-2002 average 0 1 0 2 -3 -1 -1
South Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 234 225 149 226 494 1,093 1,327
1998 299 191 150 263 513 1,117 1,416
1999 283 205 172 211 479 1,067 1,350
2000 282 201 126 214 434 975 1,257
2001 209 191 121 182 475 969 1,178
2002 221 202 138 162 462 964 1,185
1998-2002 average 259 198 141 206 473 1,018 1,277
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -6 -10 -7 -28 -7 -12 -11
1998-2002 average 11 -12 -5 -9 -4 -7 -4
North Ayrshire
1994-98 average 145 71 98 49 177 395 540
1998 120 78 100 48 173 399 519
1999 128 60 99 46 159 364 492
2000 110 68 86 48 131 333 443
2001 118 56 94 58 135 343 461
2002 116 41 79 44 143 307 423
1998-2002 average 118 61 92 49 148 349 468
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -20 -42 -19 -10 -19 -22 -22
1998-2002 average -18 -14 -7 0 -16 -12 -13
East Ayrshire
1994-98 average 98 99 89 59 154 402 500
1998 95 101 67 47 145 360 455
1999 105 102 100 50 126 378 483
2000 66 82 100 46 123 351 417
2001 67 120 106 42 135 403 470
2002 71 97 73 52 142 364 435
1998-2002 average 81 100 89 47 134 371 452
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -28 -2 -18 -12 -8 -9 -13
1998-2002 average -18 1 0 -20 -13 -8 -10
129
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
Trunk Local Authority Total Total Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Non Built-up Local All Local All
Council built-up Authority Roads Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Killed
Non built-up Built-up
Killed & Serious
South Ayrshire
1994-98 average 3 2 1 3 6 37 15 20 18 30 83 120
1998 3 5 0 5 8 34 15 24 17 30 86 120
1999 2 0 2 2 4 27 14 28 27 38 107 134
2000 3 1 1 2 5 29 14 16 18 26 74 103
2001 3 4 3 7 10 22 12 23 6 12 53 75
2002 6 4 0 4 10 40 13 15 11 27 66 106
1998-2002 average 3 3 1 4 7 30 14 21 16 27 77 108
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 131 100 -100 25 72 8 -13 -25 -40 -9 -20 -12
1998-2002 31 40 0 25 28 -18 -9 6 -13 -11 -7 -10
Dumfries & Galloway
1994-98 average 14 7 1 8 22 89 38 45 16 26 125 214
1998 11 5 1 6 17 71 37 44 15 22 118 189
1999 8 5 0 5 13 63 23 46 11 10 90 153
2000 6 7 1 8 14 58 34 45 11 16 106 164
2001 3 10 0 10 13 50 30 23 4 22 79 129
2002 14 4 0 4 18 62 21 20 8 17 66 128
1998-2002 average 8 6 0 7 15 61 29 36 10 17 92 153
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 0 -44 -100 -52 -20 -30 -45 -56 -50 -34 -47 -40
1998-2002 average -40 -14 -67 -21 -33 -32 -24 -21 -39 -33 -27 -29
Scotland
1994-98 average 120 149 109 258 378 949 868 652 775 1,593 3,889 4,838
1998 115 150 120 270 385 885 877 625 660 1,410 3,572 4,457
1999 81 132 97 229 310 757 753 593 609 1,363 3,318 4,075
2000 118 118 90 208 326 822 674 595 562 1,240 3,071 3,893
2001 97 163 88 251 348 769 774 533 489 1,190 2,986 3,755
2002 110 125 70 195 305 691 687 514 525 1,101 2,827 3,518
1998-2002 average 104 138 93 231 335 785 753 572 569 1,261 3,155 3,940
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -8 -16 -36 -24 -19 -27 -21 -21 -32 -31 -27 -27
1998-2002 average -13 -8 -15 -11 -11 -17 -13 -12 -27 -21 -19 -19
130
Table 36 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force, council, severity and road type
Years: 1994-1998 and 1998-2002 averages, 1998-2002
All Severities
Trunk Local Authority Total Total
Police force/ Local All
Council Major Minor Major Minor Authority Roads
Non built-up Built-up
South Ayrshire
1994-98 average 136 62 75 83 114 334 469
1998 106 52 93 69 119 333 439
1999 129 75 96 91 128 390 519
2000 112 59 89 84 136 368 480
2001 101 68 98 90 104 360 461
2002 131 32 93 80 117 322 453
1998-2002 average 116 57 94 83 121 355 470
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -3 -48 25 -4 3 -4 -3
1998-2002 average -15 -8 26 0 6 6 0
Dumfries & Galloway
1994-98 average 234 107 129 61 93 389 623
1998 244 102 143 62 90 397 641
1999 197 100 155 57 88 400 597
2000 200 104 154 72 91 421 621
2001 200 112 111 54 101 378 578
2002 221 75 117 54 121 367 588
1998-2002 average 212 99 136 60 98 393 605
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -6 -30 -9 -11 31 -6 -6
1998-2002 average -9 -8 5 -1 6 1 -3
Scotland
1994-98 average 3,676 3,171 2,557 4,328 8,585 18,640 22,316
1998 3,734 3,337 2,608 4,307 8,481 18,733 22,467
1999 3,471 2,965 2,650 3,774 8,143 17,532 21,003
2000 3,429 2,819 2,491 3,707 8,062 17,079 20,508
2001 3,482 2,889 2,334 3,515 7,686 16,424 19,906
2002 3,225 2,722 2,349 3,473 7,479 16,023 19,248
1998-2002 average 3,468 2,946 2,486 3,755 7,970 17,158 20,626
% change on 1994-1998 average
2002 -12 -14 -8 -20 -13 -14 -14
1998-2002 average -6 -7 -3 -13 -7 -8 -8
131
Table 37 Casualties
Casualties by police force area, council and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 2002
1994-98 average Numbers in 2002 1998-2002 average
Police force Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Council Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Northern 38 412 1,353 27 258 1,108 38 349 1,277
Highland 29 342 1,125 23 213 927 31 293 1,077
Orkney Islands 2 17 52 - 9 63 2 15 55
Shetland Islands 3 24 82 2 15 40 2 16 58
Eilean Siar 3 29 94 2 21 78 3 25 87
Grampian 50 395 1,971 50 313 1,532 49 345 1,657
Aberdeen City 9 112 716 6 70 479 8 83 552
Aberdeenshire 30 215 959 32 182 819 30 202 845
Moray 11 69 296 12 61 234 11 60 260
Tayside 36 508 1,772 27 341 1,583 34 416 1,657
Dundee City 5 124 515 3 74 473 6 91 477
Angus 9 149 508 7 96 502 9 122 473
Perth & Kinross 21 236 749 17 171 608 19 203 707
Fife 21 266 1,064 29 278 1,080 20 234 1,039
Lothian & Borders 61 635 4,453 38 536 3,923 52 554 4,245
Edinburgh, City of 18 290 2,392 12 221 1,976 18 243 2,227
West Lothian 14 122 763 5 67 663 11 93 716
Midlothian 4 55 354 3 61 319 4 53 342
East Lothian 7 55 316 9 61 333 6 54 341
Scottish Borders 18 115 627 9 126 632 13 111 619
Central 20 290 1,073 24 254 988 19 241 974
Clackmannanshire 2 42 138 4 44 134 3 36 126
Stirling 10 142 454 8 107 404 9 120 406
Falkirk 8 106 482 12 103 450 7 84 442
Strathclyde 131 2,117 10,006 92 1,410 8,446 108 1,648 9,172
Glasgow, City of 27 570 3,110 13 392 2,669 21 436 2,820
Argyll & Bute 13 175 556 8 132 457 13 145 485
West Dunbartonshire 7 85 402 1 49 298 5 62 347
East Dunbartonshire 2 68 356 1 40 295 2 50 324
Inverclyde 2 70 405 3 38 284 3 49 334
Renfrewshire 11 157 758 6 97 638 7 117 657
East Renfrewshire 6 58 272 2 42 188 2 44 235
North Lanarkshire 19 276 1,311 15 155 1,121 14 209 1,303
South Lanarkshire 20 264 1,327 18 189 1,185 17 227 1,277
North Ayrshire 6 133 540 4 78 423 6 95 468
East Ayrshire 12 140 500 11 92 435 9 106 452
South Ayrshire 6 120 469 10 106 453 7 108 470
Dumfries & Galloway 22 214 623 18 128 588 15 153 605
Scotland 378 4,838 22,316 305 3,518 19,248 335 3,940 20,626
132
Table 37 (continued) Casualties
Casualties by police force area, council and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 2002
2002 % change 2002
on 1994-98 average
Police force Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Council Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Northern -29 -37 -18 -2 -15 -6 0.10 0.94 4.02
Highland -22 -38 -18 7 -14 -4 0.11 1.02 4.45
Orkney Islands -100 -47 20 -33 -12 4 - 0.47 3.28
Shetland Islands -33 -36 -51 -40 -32 -29 0.09 0.68 1.82
Eilean Siar -41 -28 -17 -18 -16 -7 0.08 0.80 2.98
Grampian - -21 -22 -1 -13 -16 0.10 0.60 2.93
Aberdeen City -36 -37 -33 -17 -26 -23 0.03 0.33 2.29
Aberdeenshire 7 -15 -15 2 -6 -12 0.14 0.80 3.60
Moray 13 -11 -21 4 -12 -12 0.14 0.70 2.70
Tayside -24 -33 -11 -6 -18 -6 0.07 0.88 4.09
Dundee City -44 -40 -8 4 -26 -7 0.02 0.51 3.28
Angus -24 -35 -1 -2 -18 -7 0.06 0.89 4.64
Perth & Kinross -19 -27 -19 -10 -14 -6 0.13 1.27 4.50
Fife 41 4 1 -2 -12 -2 0.08 0.79 3.08
Lothian & Borders -38 -16 -12 -14 -13 -5 0.04 0.60 4.42
Edinburgh, City of -33 -24 -17 -1 -16 -7 0.03 0.49 4.41
West Lothian -65 -45 -13 -21 -24 -6 0.03 0.42 4.14
Midlothian -25 12 -10 5 -3 -4 0.04 0.76 3.96
East Lothian 36 12 5 -3 -1 8 0.10 0.67 3.67
Scottish Borders -51 10 1 -30 -3 -1 0.08 1.17 5.88
Central 20 -12 -8 -5 -17 -9 0.09 0.91 3.53
Clackmannanshire 100 4 -3 60 -14 -8 0.08 0.92 2.80
Stirling -17 -25 -11 -8 -15 -11 0.09 1.24 4.69
Falkirk 43 -2 -7 -17 -20 -8 0.08 0.71 3.09
Strathclyde -30 -33 -16 -17 -22 -8 0.04 0.64 3.83
Glasgow, City of -52 -31 -14 -23 -23 -9 0.02 0.68 4.62
Argyll & Bute -40 -25 -18 0 -17 -13 0.09 1.45 5.02
West Dunbartonshire -85 -42 -26 -18 -26 -14 0.01 0.53 3.21
East Dunbartonshire -58 -41 -17 0 -26 -9 0.01 0.37 2.75
Inverclyde 25 -46 -30 17 -31 -18 0.04 0.45 3.40
Renfrewshire -43 -38 -16 -30 -26 -13 0.03 0.56 3.71
East Renfrewshire -64 -28 -31 -61 -24 -14 0.02 0.47 2.10
North Lanarkshire -23 -44 -14 -29 -24 -1 0.05 0.48 3.49
South Lanarkshire -9 -29 -11 -15 -14 -4 0.06 0.63 3.92
North Ayrshire -29 -42 -22 7 -29 -13 0.03 0.58 3.12
East Ayrshire -8 -34 -13 -22 -25 -10 0.09 0.77 3.63
South Ayrshire 72 -12 -3 28 -10 0 0.09 0.95 4.06
Dumfries & Galloway -20 -40 -6 -33 -29 -3 0.12 0.87 3.99
Scotland -19 -27 -14 -11 -19 -8 0.06 0.70 3.81
on 1994-98 ave
1998-2002 ave % change
Rates per thousand population
133
Table 38 Casualties
Pedestrian casualties by police force area, council and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 2002
1994-98 average Numbers in 2002 1998-2002 average
Police force Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Council Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Northern 5 49 132 4 29 87 5 36 108
Highland 2 38 102 4 21 73 4 29 90
Orkney Islands 1 3 8 - 1 3 - 2 5
Shetland Islands 1 4 9 - 4 5 - 3 5
Eilean Siar 1 4 13 - 3 6 - 3 8
Grampian 10 83 345 6 40 202 8 61 259
Aberdeen City 4 49 214 4 20 118 4 34 151
Aberdeenshire 5 24 92 1 12 58 3 21 81
Moray 1 10 39 1 8 26 1 7 27
Tayside 8 112 311 5 63 229 6 77 256
Dundee City 3 62 166 3 26 108 2 37 126
Angus 1 22 72 1 17 64 2 17 64
Perth & Kinross 3 27 73 1 20 57 2 23 66
Fife 4 64 188 6 50 148 4 52 167
Lothian & Borders 20 204 934 13 144 764 15 158 803
Edinburgh, City of 10 136 634 8 98 529 10 112 563
West Lothian 4 28 112 1 16 76 2 19 87
Midlothian 1 16 67 1 8 56 1 8 52
East Lothian 2 13 58 1 12 55 1 9 52
Scottish Borders 3 11 63 2 10 48 1 9 49
Central 7 73 175 6 52 139 5 51 140
Clackmannanshire 1 16 38 - 9 24 1 9 26
Stirling 2 22 51 2 13 44 1 16 41
Falkirk 4 34 87 4 30 71 3 26 72
Strathclyde 50 765 2,229 30 490 1,654 36 566 1,833
Glasgow, City of 18 312 965 10 221 766 13 238 805
Argyll & Bute 2 16 45 - 10 31 - 13 39
West Dunbartonshire 3 31 89 - 16 59 2 23 71
East Dunbartonshire 1 20 56 - 14 51 1 14 52
Inverclyde 1 30 106 3 16 50 2 20 78
Renfrewshire 5 58 164 2 32 104 3 39 121
East Renfrewshire 1 19 50 - 10 29 - 13 41
North Lanarkshire 8 104 283 8 59 214 7 75 242
South Lanarkshire 6 74 222 1 46 171 3 56 179
North Ayrshire 1 37 101 2 25 68 2 25 76
East Ayrshire 2 37 81 1 21 63 1 25 69
South Ayrshire 2 26 66 3 20 48 1 23 60
Dumfries & Galloway 1 28 71 3 18 86 2 18 66
Scotland 104 1,376 4,385 73 886 3,309 81 1,020 3,631
134
Table 38 (continued) Casualties
Pedestrian casualties by police force area, council and severity
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 2002
2002 % change 2002
on 1994-98 average
Police force Killed & All Killed & All Killed & All
Council Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities Killed Serious Severities
Northern -13 -41 -34 4 -26 -18 .01 .11 .32
Highland 67 -44 -29 67 -23 -12 .02 .10 .35
Orkney Islands - -69 -62 -33 -38 -33 - .05 .16
Shetland Islands - -5 -44 - -38 -42 - .18 .23
Eilean Siar - -25 -55 -50 -30 -42 - .11 .23
Grampian -41 -52 -41 -22 -26 -25 .01 .08 .39
Aberdeen City -9 -59 -45 - -31 -29 .02 .10 .56
Aberdeenshire -79 -50 -37 -42 -13 -12 .00 .05 .26
Moray - -22 -33 -20 -33 -31 .01 .09 .30
Tayside -34 -44 -26 -21 -31 -18 .01 .16 .59
Dundee City -6 -58 -35 -31 -41 -24 .02 .18 .75
Angus - -24 -11 80 -24 -11 .01 .16 .59
Perth & Kinross -71 -25 -22 -41 -14 -10 .01 .15 .42
Fife 50 -22 -21 -5 -19 -11 .02 .14 .42
Lothian & Borders -34 -29 -18 -24 -22 -14 .01 .16 .86
Edinburgh, City of -23 -28 -17 -4 -18 -11 .02 .22 1.18
West Lothian -72 -43 -32 -39 -31 -23 .01 .10 .48
Midlothian 25 -51 -17 - -48 -23 .01 .10 .70
East Lothian -55 -8 -5 -64 -29 -10 .01 .13 .61
Scottish Borders -29 -7 -23 -57 -15 -22 .02 .09 .45
Central -12 -28 -21 -21 -29 -20 .02 .19 .50
Clackmannanshire - -44 -36 25 -44 -30 - .19 .50
Stirling 0 -42 -13 -40 -29 -19 .02 .15 .51
Falkirk 0 -12 -18 -20 -22 -17 .03 .21 .49
Strathclyde -40 -36 -26 -28 -26 -18 .01 .22 .75
Glasgow, City of -45 -29 -21 -26 -24 -17 .02 .38 1.33
Argyll & Bute - -39 -32 -75 -21 -15 - .11 .34
West Dunbartonshire - -49 -34 -8 -27 -20 - .17 .64
East Dunbartonshire - -31 -10 75 -29 -7 - .13 .48
Inverclyde 150 -46 -53 67 -31 -26 .04 .19 .60
Renfrewshire -57 -45 -37 -39 -32 -27 .01 .19 .60
East Renfrewshire - -47 -42 -75 -32 -19 - .11 .32
North Lanarkshire -5 -43 -24 -17 -28 -14 .02 .18 .67
South Lanarkshire -84 -38 -23 -56 -25 -19 .00 .15 .57
North Ayrshire 43 -32 -33 43 -31 -25 .01 .18 .50
East Ayrshire -58 -44 -22 -75 -33 -15 .01 .18 .53
South Ayrshire 50 -22 -27 -30 -9 -9 .03 .18 .43
Dumfries & Galloway 275 -35 21 125 -37 -7 .02 .12 .58
Scotland -30 -36 -25 -22 -26 -17 .01 .18 .65
on 1994-98 ave Rates per thousand population
1998-2002 ave % change
135
Table 39 Casualties
Estimated distance between the home of the casualty and the location of the
accident, by road user type
excluding cases for which the distance cannot be estimated: Scottish residents only
Year: 2002
All casualties
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home (km)
Number of casualties
Car users
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home ( km)
Motor cycle users
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home ( km)
Pedal cycle users
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Di stance from home (km)
Pedestrians
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
0-2 >2-5 >5-10 >10-20 >20-50 >50
Distance from home ( km )
Number of casualties
Number of casualties
Number of casualties
Number of casualties
136
Table 39 Casualties
Estimated distance
(1)
between the home of the casualty and the location of the
accident, by road user type and police force area in which the accident occurred
Year: 2002
Lothian Dumfries
Northern Grampian Tayside Fife & Borders Central Strathclyde & Galloway Total
Pedestrian
Postcode blank, invalid or not known 24 20 7 17 129 23 317 18 555
Casualty from elsewhere in the UK 6 2 - 3 14 - 3 7 35
Scottish casualty, distance not known 1 - 1 2 1 2 58 - 65
Non - UK casualty 1 4 - - - 1 4 - 10
Up to 2 km 35 125 150 88 418 87 882 33 1,818
Over 2 up to 5 km 4 25 32 18 81 12 172 9 353
Over 5 up to 10 km 3 12 13 13 51 7 102 9 210
Over 10 up to 20 km 2 5 5 3 36 3 74 5 133
Over 20 up to 50 km 2 4 15 4 21 3 33 4 86
Over 50 km 9 5 6 - 13 1 9 1 44
Total 87 202 229 148 764 139 1,654 86 3,309
Pedal cycle user
Postcode blank, invalid or not known 16 2 2 1 22 1 40 8 92
Casualty from elsewhere in the UK 3 - - - - - 3 - 6
Scottish casualty, distance not known 1 - - - - - 9 - 10
Non - UK casualty - 2 - - - - - - 2
Up to 2 km 14 48 46 18 151 22 151 10 460
Over 2 up to 5 km 5 10 9 6 62 8 44 1 145
Over 5 up to 10 km 2 7 3 3 19 3 18 - 55
Over 10 up to 20 km 1 5 - - 9 - 15 - 30
Over 20 up to 50 km 1 2 2 - 4 - 3 2 14
Over 50 km 8 - 1 - 3 - 1 1 14
Total 51 76 63 28 270 34 284 22 828
Motor cycle user
Postcode blank, invalid or not known 29 10 3 7 10 10 64 10 143
Casualty from elsewhere in the UK 12 2 - - 15 - 5 3 37
Scottish casualty, distance not known 2 - 1 1 - - 9 - 13
Non - UK casualty 12 1 1 - - 2 1 - 17
Up to 2 km 8 36 19 18 61 11 79 9 241
Over 2 up to 5 km 8 26 15 21 44 14 68 1 197
Over 5 up to 10 km 5 29 11 13 44 10 39 1 152
Over 10 up to 20 km 6 21 12 11 37 8 47 4 146
Over 20 up to 50 km 12 17 21 10 19 13 25 3 120
Over 50 km 26 5 20 1 11 9 21 5 98
Total 120 147 103 82 241 77 358 36 1,164
Car user
Postcode blank, invalid or not known 185 52 49 55 143 90 814 75 1,463
Casualty from elsewhere in the UK 46 27 19 15 76 18 128 36 365
Scottish casualty, distance not known 4 1 2 8 3 5 191 7 221
Non - UK casualty 41 3 4 - - 5 18 - 71
Up to 2 km 59 188 200 148 423 146 1,206 48 2,418
Over 2 up to 5 km 65 176 209 143 423 127 954 44 2,141
Over 5 up to 10 km 65 167 151 138 373 91 762 56 1,803
Over 10 up to 20 km 76 154 157 121 311 70 577 41 1,507
Over 20 up to 50 km 66 159 116 73 235 69 412 29 1,159
Over 50 km 162 69 93 23 105 27 148 47 674
Total 769 996 1,000 724 2,092 648 5,210 383 11,822
Other
(2)
Postcode blank, invalid or not known 22 13 24 17 62 24 195 9 366
Casualty from elsewhere in the UK 6 8 2 3 21 2 31 31 104
Scottish casualty, distance not known - 1 - - 2 2 34 1 40
Non - UK casualty 4 1 - - - 1 2 - 8
Up to 2 km 8 17 24 16 133 19 183 5 405
Over 2 up to 5 km 5 14 15 21 108 17 175 3 358
Over 5 up to 10 km 3 10 16 17 76 8 148 3 281
Over 10 up to 20 km 3 17 53 10 67 7 89 2 248
Over 20 up to 50 km 4 14 20 12 54 5 56 3 168
Over 50 km 26 16 34 2 33 5 27 4 147
Total 81 111 188 98 556 90 940 61 2,125
All casualties
Postcode blank, invalid or not known 276 97 85 97 366 148 1,430 120 2,619
Casualty from elsewhere in the UK 73 39 21 21 126 20 170 77 547
Scottish casualty, distance not known 8 2 4 11 6 9 301 8 349
Non - UK casualty 58 11 5 - - 9 25 - 108
Up to 2 km 124 414 439 288 1,186 285 2,501 105 5,342
Over 2 up to 5 km 87 251 280 209 718 178 1,413 58 3,194
Over 5 up to 10 km 78 225 194 184 563 119 1,069 69 2,501
Over 10 up to 20 km 88 202 227 145 460 88 802 52 2,064
Over 20 up to 50 km 85 196 174 99 333 90 529 41 1,547
Over 50 km 231 95 154 26 165 42 206 58 977
Total 1,108 1,532 1,583 1,080 3,923 988 8,446 588 19,248
1. Estimated using the postcode of the casualty's home, if available - please see Annex B.
2. 'Other' includes taxis, minibus, bus or coach, etc.
137
Table 40 Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualtiesand all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Northern
Highland
1994-98 average 12 24 35 169 172 342
1994 13 22 35 168 141 309
1995 15 24 39 180 169 349
1996 15 27 42 195 196 391
1997 9 18 27 146 170 316
1998 6 27 33 158 186 344
1999 10 15 25 145 140 285
2000 4 17 21 135 147 282
2001 10 20 30 175 168 343
2002 11 17 28 114 99 213
1998-2002 average 8 19 27 145 148 293
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -5 -28 -20 -33 -43 -38
1998-2002 average -29 -19 -22 -14 -14 -14
Orkney Islands
1994-98 average - 3 3 - 17 17
1994 - 5 5 - 19 19
1995 - 4 4 - 20 20
1996 - 1 1 - 10 10
1997 - 2 2 - 19 19
1998 - 1 1 - 17 17
1999 - 3 3 - 32 32
2000 - - - - 7 7
2001 - - - - 10 10
2002 - - - - 9 9
1998-2002 average - 1 1 - 15 15
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 .. -100 -100 .. -47 -47
1998-2002 average .. -69 -69 .. -12 -12
Shetland Islands
1994-98 average - 4 4 - 24 24
1994 - 1 1 - 25 25
1995 - 8 8 - 24 24
1996 - 6 6 - 22 22
1997 - 1 1 - 26 26
1998 - 2 2 - 21 21
1999 - 3 3 - 18 18
2000 - - - - 10 10
2001 - 2 2 - 16 16
2002 - 5 5 - 15 15
1998-2002 average - 2 2 - 16 16
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 .. 39 39 .. -36 -36
1998-2002 average .. -33 -33 .. -32 -32
Eilean Siar
1994-98 average - 5 5 - 29 29
1994 - 5 5 - 32 32
1995 - 3 3 - 15 15
1996 - 7 7 - 38 38
1997 - 2 2 - 27 27
1998 - 6 6 - 34 34
1999 - 2 2 - 31 31
2000 - 2 2 - 14 14
2001 - 3 3 - 23 23
2002 - 1 1 - 21 21
1998-2002 average - 3 3 - 25 25
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 .. -78 -78 .. -28 -28
1998-2002 average .. -39 -39 .. -16 -16
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
138
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Grampian
Aberdeen City
1994-98 average 1 15 16 9 103 112
1994 - 19 19 5 123 128
1995 - 12 12 9 110 119
1996 3 16 19 6 102 108
1997 2 12 14 11 85 96
1998 1 17 18 12 95 107
1999 1 12 13 4 83 87
2000 - 9 9 8 76 84
2001 - 8 8 11 56 67
2002 1 2 3 10 60 70
1998-2002 average 1 10 10 9 74 83
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -17 -87 -82 16 -42 -37
1998-2002 average -50 -37 -38 5 -28 -26
Aberdeenshire
1994-98 average 2 17 19 44 171 215
1994 1 17 18 41 158 199
1995 3 13 16 46 159 205
1996 2 15 17 37 184 221
1997 3 17 20 55 170 225
1998 2 22 24 41 184 225
1999 2 15 17 44 149 193
2000 2 16 18 45 176 221
2001 1 11 12 39 149 188
2002 - 13 13 25 157 182
1998-2002 average 1 15 17 39 163 202
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -23 -32 -43 -8 -15
1998-2002 average -36 -8 -12 -12 -5 -6
Moray
1994-98 average 2 7 9 22 47 69
1994 5 6 11 25 45 70
1995 1 4 5 23 43 66
1996 1 14 15 13 42 55
1997 1 6 7 27 52 79
1998 1 6 7 22 52 74
1999 - 5 5 11 23 34
2000 1 4 5 26 40 66
2001 1 7 8 19 47 66
2002 5 5 10 20 41 61
1998-2002 average 2 5 7 20 41 60
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 178 -31 11 -9 -12 -11
1998-2002 average -11 -25 -22 -11 -13 -13
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
139
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Tayside
Dundee City
1994-98 average 1 34 35 9 115 124
1994 2 40 42 6 145 151
1995 - 33 33 9 125 134
1996 3 39 42 9 106 115
1997 2 33 35 11 104 115
1998 - 25 25 9 96 105
1999 2 20 22 14 87 101
2000 1 15 16 10 68 78
2001 1 18 19 17 81 98
2002 - 20 20 2 72 74
1998-2002 average 1 20 20 10 81 91
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -41 -44 -77 -38 -40
1998-2002 average -43 -42 -42 18 -30 -26
Angus
1994-98 average 1 20 21 21 128 149
1994 1 25 26 17 124 141
1995 - 21 21 20 134 154
1996 1 19 20 28 123 151
1997 1 15 16 21 129 150
1998 1 20 21 18 129 147
1999 2 12 14 15 117 132
2000 1 16 17 11 105 116
2001 1 17 18 22 96 118
2002 - 12 12 11 85 96
1998-2002 average 1 15 16 15 106 122
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -40 -42 -47 -33 -35
1998-2002 average 25 -23 -21 -26 -17 -18
Perth & Kinross
1994-98 average 4 17 21 82 154 236
1994 4 19 23 110 171 281
1995 6 18 24 73 138 211
1996 5 15 20 71 154 225
1997 4 20 24 71 140 211
1998 2 13 15 83 168 251
1999 3 17 20 74 117 191
2000 2 18 20 64 114 178
2001 7 17 24 87 137 224
2002 1 17 18 35 136 171
1998-2002 average 3 16 19 69 134 203
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -76 0 -15 -57 -12 -27
1998-2002 average -29 -4 -8 -16 -13 -14
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
140
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Fife
1994-98 average 3 41 44 36 231 266
1994 1 47 48 28 250 278
1995 7 48 55 39 268 307
1996 5 40 45 41 217 258
1997 - 37 37 41 229 270
1998 3 34 37 29 190 219
1999 - 36 36 11 181 192
2000 3 35 38 42 207 249
2001 - 31 31 28 204 232
2002 2 26 28 45 233 278
1998-2002 average 2 32 34 31 203 234
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -38 -37 -37 26 1 4
1998-2002 average -50 -21 -23 -13 -12 -12
Lothian & Borders
Edinburgh, City of
1994-98 average 0 45 45 8 281 290
1994 - 71 71 7 437 444
1995 1 69 70 9 339 348
1996 - 35 35 14 225 239
1997 - 27 27 3 201 204
1998 1 21 22 9 205 214
1999 - 41 41 6 232 238
2000 - 52 52 7 267 274
2001 - 38 38 7 261 268
2002 - 32 32 4 217 221
1998-2002 average 0 37 37 7 236 243
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -28 -29 -52 -23 -24
1998-2002 average -50 -17 -18 -21 -16 -16
West Lothian
1994-98 average 1 20 21 9 113 122
1994 4 30 34 10 133 143
1995 3 26 29 17 142 159
1996 - 11 11 5 62 67
1997 - 12 12 1 111 112
1998 - 20 20 10 117 127
1999 - 12 12 3 74 77
2000 - 13 13 7 87 94
2001 - 22 22 10 88 98
2002 - 10 10 2 65 67
1998-2002 average - 15 15 6 86 93
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -49 -53 -77 -42 -45
1998-2002 average -100 -22 -27 -26 -24 -24
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
141
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualtiesand all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Midlothian
1994-98 average 2 9 11 12 42 55
1994 3 15 18 18 47 65
1995 - 12 12 4 50 54
1996 3 9 12 12 41 53
1997 2 6 8 8 36 44
1998 - 3 3 20 37 57
1999 - 2 2 8 35 43
2000 1 5 6 15 48 63
2001 1 4 5 10 31 41
2002 - 5 5 18 43 61
1998-2002 average 0 4 4 14 39 53
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -44 -53 45 2 12
1998-2002 average -75 -58 -60 15 -8 -3
East Lothian
1994-98 average 0 8 8 10 44 55
1994 - 11 11 14 44 58
1995 - 11 11 18 58 76
1996 - 5 5 4 47 51
1997 2 6 8 14 40 54
1998 - 6 6 2 32 34
1999 - 7 7 14 46 60
2000 - 9 9 14 56 70
2001 - 4 4 9 37 46
2002 1 8 9 24 37 61
1998-2002 average 0 7 7 13 42 54
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 150 3 10 131 -16 12
1998-2002 average -50 -13 -15 21 -6 -1
Scottish Borders
1994-98 average 1 7 9 27 88 115
1994 2 15 17 40 113 153
1995 2 9 11 30 95 125
1996 - 3 3 23 76 99
1997 2 4 6 19 91 110
1998 1 6 7 23 63 86
1999 2 10 12 20 108 128
2000 - 13 13 29 85 114
2001 - 4 4 10 93 103
2002 3 8 11 23 103 126
1998-2002 average 1 8 9 21 90 111
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 114 8 25 -15 18 10
1998-2002 average -14 11 7 -22 3 -3
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
142
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualtiesand all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Central
Clackmannanshire
1994-98 average - 13 13 0 42 42
1994 - 17 17 - 52 52
1995 - 15 15 - 47 47
1996 - 10 10 1 35 36
1997 - 13 13 - 47 47
1998 - 9 9 - 30 30
1999 - 6 6 - 31 31
2000 - 6 6 2 40 42
2001 - 3 3 - 35 35
2002 - 8 8 - 44 44
1998-2002 average - 6 6 0 36 36
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 .. -38 -38 -100 4 4
1998-2002 average .. -50 -50 100 -15 -14
Stirling
1994-98 average 3 13 16 42 100 142
1994 3 17 20 39 122 161
1995 3 16 19 31 113 144
1996 3 13 16 44 89 133
1997 2 11 13 35 92 127
1998 3 10 13 61 83 144
1999 2 11 13 29 102 131
2000 3 10 13 39 71 110
2001 2 10 12 39 69 108
2002 - 7 7 23 84 107
1998-2002 average 2 10 12 38 82 120
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -48 -57 -45 -16 -25
1998-2002 average -29 -28 -28 -9 -18 -15
Falkirk
1994-98 average 1 23 23 13 93 106
1994 1 27 28 19 116 135
1995 - 19 19 11 80 91
1996 - 28 28 10 114 124
1997 1 18 19 18 86 104
1998 2 21 23 5 69 74
1999 - 9 9 3 72 75
2000 - 15 15 3 76 79
2001 - 17 17 13 77 90
2002 - 17 17 15 88 103
1998-2002 average 0 16 16 8 76 84
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -25 -27 19 -5 -2
1998-2002 average -50 -30 -31 -38 -18 -20
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
143
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Strathclyde
Glasgow City
1994-98 average 2 143 145 24 547 570
1994 4 165 169 48 635 683
1995 1 165 166 22 647 669
1996 3 138 141 10 449 459
1997 3 127 130 25 490 515
1998 1 119 120 13 513 526
1999 1 125 126 21 458 479
2000 - 82 82 34 352 386
2001 1 92 93 15 384 399
2002 1 79 80 20 372 392
1998-2002 average 1 99 100 21 416 436
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -58 -45 -45 -15 -32 -31
1998-2002 average -67 -30 -31 -13 -24 -23
Argyll & Bute
1994-98 average 4 12 16 80 95 175
1994 2 11 13 85 114 199
1995 5 13 18 79 104 183
1996 4 9 13 90 85 175
1997 9 16 25 68 84 152
1998 - 11 11 77 89 166
1999 3 8 11 57 114 171
2000 6 13 19 68 70 138
2001 3 4 7 54 65 119
2002 9 13 22 69 63 132
1998-2002 average 4 10 14 65 80 145
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 125 8 38 -14 -34 -25
1998-2002 average 5 -18 -13 -19 -16 -17
West Dunbartonshire
1994-98 average 1 18 19 18 67 85
1994 - 18 18 16 87 103
1995 2 23 25 17 79 96
1996 2 21 23 15 52 67
1997 - 16 16 17 50 67
1998 - 14 14 25 65 90
1999 1 11 12 19 44 63
2000 - 16 16 14 42 56
2001 2 14 16 11 42 53
2002 - 9 9 2 47 49
1998-2002 average 1 13 13 14 48 62
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -51 -53 -89 -29 -42
1998-2002 average -25 -30 -30 -21 -28 -26
East Dunbartonshire
1994-98 average - 16 16 0 67 68
1994 - 26 26 - 79 79
1995 - 21 21 - 88 88
1996 - 8 8 - 50 50
1997 - 16 16 1 61 62
1998 - 11 11 1 58 59
1999 - 14 14 - 65 65
2000 - 9 9 - 44 44
2001 - 8 8 - 43 43
2002 - 9 9 - 40 40
1998-2002 average - 10 10 0 50 50
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 .. -45 -45 -100 -40 -41
1998-2002 average .. -38 -38 -50 -26 -26
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
144
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Inverclyde
1994-98 average 1 15 16 19 51 70
1994 1 15 16 15 60 75
1995 1 20 21 24 72 96
1996 2 9 11 21 34 55
1997 - 19 19 17 40 57
1998 1 10 11 16 51 67
1999 - 8 8 12 43 55
2000 2 8 10 8 32 40
2001 2 8 10 14 29 43
2002 3 3 6 19 19 38
1998-2002 average 2 7 9 14 35 49
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 200 -79 -62 2 -63 -46
1998-2002 average 60 -49 -42 -26 -32 -31
Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 1 34 35 18 139 157
1994 1 47 48 16 167 183
1995 - 42 42 34 181 215
1996 - 21 21 18 108 126
1997 1 34 35 16 125 141
1998 1 27 28 6 115 121
1999 - 19 19 15 105 120
2000 5 17 22 31 92 123
2001 - 18 18 17 105 122
2002 - 20 20 15 82 97
1998-2002 average 1 20 21 17 100 117
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -42 -43 -17 -41 -38
1998-2002 average 100 -41 -39 -7 -28 -26
East Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 1 11 11 10 48 58
1994 - 11 11 13 52 65
1995 2 14 16 13 65 78
1996 - 8 8 11 36 47
1997 1 13 14 8 41 49
1998 - 8 8 4 48 52
1999 - 6 6 2 43 45
2000 - 9 9 3 41 44
2001 - 7 7 3 36 39
2002 1 6 7 6 36 42
1998-2002 average 0 7 7 4 41 44
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 67 -44 -39 -39 -26 -28
1998-2002 average -67 -33 -35 -63 -16 -24
North Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 1 66 67 38 238 276
1994 - 87 87 50 280 330
1995 2 73 75 42 268 310
1996 - 57 57 30 214 244
1997 2 63 65 37 210 247
1998 1 52 53 31 216 247
1999 2 46 48 26 191 217
2000 - 48 48 30 217 247
2001 4 46 50 25 155 180
2002 - 41 41 20 135 155
1998-2002 average 1 47 48 26 183 209
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -100 -38 -39 -47 -43 -44
1998-2002 average 40 -30 -29 -31 -23 -24
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
145
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualtiesand all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
South Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 3 51 54 45 219 264
1994 4 63 67 46 252 298
1995 3 58 61 48 238 286
1996 3 53 56 34 194 228
1997 2 30 32 43 205 248
1998 4 49 53 56 206 262
1999 3 41 44 48 210 258
2000 3 26 29 55 182 237
2001 3 31 34 24 164 188
2002 2 25 27 36 153 189
1998-2002 average 3 34 37 44 183 227
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -38 -51 -50 -21 -30 -29
1998-2002 average -6 -32 -30 -4 -16 -14
North Ayrshire
1994-98 average 5 26 31 32 101 133
1994 4 39 43 40 118 158
1995 5 20 25 29 107 136
1996 5 27 32 26 94 120
1997 6 21 27 39 86 125
1998 4 22 26 27 101 128
1999 5 20 25 36 73 109
2000 1 5 6 21 53 74
2001 - 9 9 20 66 86
2002 1 17 18 12 66 78
1998-2002 average 2 15 17 23 72 95
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -79 -34 -41 -63 -35 -42
1998-2002 average -54 -43 -45 -28 -29 -29
East Ayrshire
1994-98 average 3 25 28 27 114 140
1994 1 30 31 18 137 155
1995 3 22 25 46 113 159
1996 8 20 28 34 104 138
1997 - 31 31 14 116 130
1998 1 23 24 22 98 120
1999 2 20 22 30 97 127
2000 1 9 10 14 72 86
2001 - 11 11 18 87 105
2002 3 15 18 19 73 92
1998-2002 average 1 16 17 21 85 106
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 15 -40 -35 -29 -36 -34
1998-2002 average -46 -38 -39 -23 -25 -25
South Ayrshire
1994-98 average 2 18 21 37 83 120
1994 2 25 27 50 102 152
1995 3 22 25 49 90 139
1996 2 13 15 24 67 91
1997 2 16 18 29 70 99
1998 3 15 18 34 86 120
1999 1 18 19 27 107 134
2000 - 12 12 29 74 103
2001 2 8 10 22 53 75
2002 4 9 13 40 66 106
1998-2002 average 2 12 14 30 77 108
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 67 -51 -37 8 -20 -12
1998-2002 average -17 -32 -30 -18 -7 -10
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
146
Table 40 (continued) Casualties
Killed & Seriously injured casualties: child casualties and all ages, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
Dumfries & Galloway
1994-98 average 6 19 25 89 125 214
1994 2 22 24 105 142 247
1995 7 17 24 114 122 236
1996 6 17 23 67 135 202
1997 10 16 26 87 109 196
1998 6 23 29 71 118 189
1999 1 8 9 63 90 153
2000 1 15 16 58 106 164
2001 - 10 10 50 79 129
2002 5 13 18 62 66 128
1998-2002 average 3 14 16 61 92 153
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -19 -32 -29 -30 -47 -40
1998-2002 average -58 -27 -35 -32 -27 -29
Scotland
1994-98 average 65 778 842 949 3,889 4,838
1994 61 968 1,029 1,049 4,522 5,571
1995 75 875 950 1,036 4,303 5,339
1996 76 714 790 893 3,505 4,398
1997 67 678 745 882 3,542 4,424
1998 45 653 698 885 3,572 4,457
1999 43 582 625 757 3,318 4,075
2000 37 524 561 822 3,071 3,893
2001 41 502 543 769 2,986 3,755
2002 53 472 525 691 2,827 3,518
1998-2002 average 44 547 590 785 3,155 3,940
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -18 -39 -38 -27 -27 -27
1998-2002 average -32 -30 -30 -17 -19 -19
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) Child: 0-15 years.
Child
(2)
All ages
147
Table 41 Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Northern
Highland
1994-98 average 352 431 783 1,301 908 2,209 27 47 35
1994 287 362 649 1,241 878 2,118 23 41 31
1995 373 385 758 1,275 891 2,165 29 43 35
1996 368 417 785 1,312 913 2,225 28 46 35
1997 371 485 856 1,332 927 2,258 28 52 38
1998 362 505 867 1,347 930 2,277 27 54 38
1999 392 469 861 1,369 944 2,313 29 50 37
2000 335 413 748 1,340 938 2,279 25 44 33
2001 375 353 728 1,386 947 2,333 27 37 31
2002 330 384 714 1,460 982 2,443 23 39 29
1998-2002 average 359 425 784 1,380 948 2,329 26 45 34
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -6 -11 -9 12 8 11 -16 -18 -18
1998-2002 average 2 -1 0 6 4 5 -4 -6 -5
Orkney Islands
1994-98 average - 35 35 - 119 119 - 29 29
1994 - 26 26 - 115 115 - 23 23
1995 - 37 37 - 117 117 - 32 32
1996 - 36 36 - 120 120 - 30 30
1997 - 39 39 - 122 122 - 32 32
1998 - 39 39 - 122 122 - 32 32
1999 - 44 44 - 124 124 - 35 35
2000 - 26 26 - 123 123 - 21 21
2001 - 35 35 - 124 124 - 28 28
2002 - 54 54 - 129 129 - 42 42
1998-2002 average - 40 40 - 124 124 - 32 32
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 - 54 54 - 8 8 - 43 43
1998-2002 average - 14 14 - 4 4 - 10 10
Shetland Islands
1994-98 average - 58 58 - 166 166 - 35 35
1994 - 45 45 - 159 159 - 28 28
1995 - 80 80 - 162 162 - 49 49
1996 - 49 49 - 167 167 - 29 29
1997 - 53 53 - 170 170 - 31 31
1998 - 65 65 - 171 171 - 38 38
1999 - 49 49 - 175 175 - 28 28
2000 - 38 38 - 174 174 - 22 22
2001 - 34 34 - 177 177 - 19 19
2002 - 25 25 - 186 186 - 13 13
1998-2002 average - 42 42 - 177 177 - 24 24
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 - -57 -57 - 12 12 - -62 -62
1998-2002 average - -28 -28 - 7 7 - -32 -32
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
148
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Northern (continued)
Eilean Siar
1994-98 average - 65 65 - 172 172 - 38 38
1994 - 46 46 - 165 165 - 28 28
1995 - 73 73 - 168 168 - 43 43
1996 - 76 76 - 173 173 - 44 44
1997 - 62 62 - 176 176 - 35 35
1998 - 68 68 - 177 177 - 38 38
1999 - 66 66 - 175 175 - 38 38
2000 - 68 68 - 175 175 - 39 39
2001 - 55 55 - 177 177 - 31 31
2002 - 57 57 - 179 179 - 32 32
1998-2002 average - 63 63 - 177 177 - 36 36
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 - -12 -12 - 4 4 - -16 -16
1998-2002 average - -3 -3 - 3 3 - -6 -6
Grampian
Aberdeen City
1994-98 average 50 555 605 236 1,006 1,242 21 55 49
1994 28 604 632 220 967 1,187 13 62 53
1995 46 603 649 228 983 1,211 20 61 54
1996 73 506 579 240 1,014 1,255 30 50 46
1997 55 562 617 244 1,028 1,272 23 55 49
1998 46 500 546 246 1,039 1,285 19 48 42
1999 55 416 471 251 1,056 1,307 22 39 36
2000 48 434 482 260 1,063 1,323 18 41 36
2001 37 398 435 256 1,055 1,312 14 38 33
2002 34 375 409 269 1,089 1,358 13 34 30
1998-2002 average 44 425 469 257 1,061 1,317 17 40 36
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -32 -32 -32 14 8 9 -40 -38 -38
1998-2002 average -12 -23 -22 9 5 6 -19 -27 -27
Aberdeenshire
1994-98 average 148 595 744 784 1,689 2,473 19 35 30
1994 150 582 732 746 1,636 2,382 20 36 31
1995 165 625 790 767 1,656 2,423 22 38 33
1996 151 563 714 788 1,695 2,483 19 33 29
1997 150 597 747 801 1,723 2,525 19 35 30
1998 126 610 736 819 1,734 2,553 15 35 29
1999 112 516 628 823 1,751 2,574 14 29 24
2000 72 513 585 747 1,716 2,463 10 30 24
2001 128 502 630 755 1,730 2,485 17 29 25
2002 112 525 637 826 1,805 2,631 14 29 24
1998-2002 average 110 533 643 794 1,747 2,541 14 31 25
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -24 -12 -14 5 7 6 -28 -17 -20
1998-2002 average -26 -10 -14 1 3 3 -27 -13 -16
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
149
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Grampian (continued)
Moray
1994-98 average 59 168 227 233 380 613 25 44 37
1994 51 172 223 221 368 589 23 47 38
1995 54 161 215 228 373 600 24 43 36
1996 57 147 204 235 382 616 24 39 33
1997 85 193 278 239 388 627 36 50 44
1998 49 167 216 244 391 635 20 43 34
1999 43 139 182 247 397 644 17 35 28
2000 65 149 214 240 396 636 27 38 34
2001 55 160 215 250 400 650 22 40 33
2002 43 130 173 259 415 674 17 31 26
1998-2002 average 51 149 200 248 400 648 21 37 31
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -27 -23 -24 11 9 10 -34 -29 -31
1998-2002 average -14 -11 -12 6 5 6 -19 -16 -17
Tayside
Dundee
1994-98 average 45 346 391 161 617 778 28 56 50
1994 33 366 399 157 602 759 21 61 53
1995 59 369 428 160 609 769 37 61 56
1996 34 357 391 162 618 780 21 58 50
1997 37 329 366 162 623 785 23 53 47
1998 63 308 371 163 632 795 39 49 47
1999 50 346 396 161 645 806 31 54 49
2000 44 331 375 163 648 811 27 51 46
2001 49 339 388 169 642 812 29 53 48
2002 41 358 399 169 664 833 24 54 48
1998-2002 average 49 336 386 165 646 811 30 52 48
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -9 3 2 5 8 7 -13 -4 -5
1998-2002 average 9 -3 -1 3 5 4 6 -7 -5
Angus
1994-98 average 43 317 359 282 611 894 15 52 40
1994 36 321 357 268 589 858 13 54 42
1995 45 319 364 276 599 874 16 53 42
1996 46 291 337 284 615 899 16 47 37
1997 43 336 379 289 624 913 15 54 42
1998 43 317 360 295 629 924 15 50 39
1999 29 324 353 298 640 938 10 51 38
2000 28 315 343 297 650 948 9 48 36
2001 36 258 294 269 649 918 13 40 32
2002 41 365 406 275 677 952 15 54 43
1998-2002 average 35 316 351 287 649 936 12 49 38
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -5 15 13 -3 11 7 -2 4 6
1998-2002 average -19 -0 -2 2 6 5 -20 -6 -7
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
150
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Tayside (continued)
Perth & Kinross
1994-98 average 164 349 513 1,217 848 2,065 13 41 25
1994 215 335 550 1,149 819 1,968 19 41 28
1995 143 365 508 1,182 834 2,015 12 44 25
1996 162 364 526 1,220 854 2,075 13 43 25
1997 148 356 504 1,254 865 2,119 12 41 24
1998 153 325 478 1,278 869 2,147 12 37 22
1999 180 395 575 1,244 884 2,128 14 45 27
2000 112 352 464 1,232 848 2,080 9 42 22
2001 206 362 568 1,308 844 2,152 16 43 26
2002 100 337 437 1,389 895 2,284 7 38 19
1998-2002 average 150 354 504 1,290 868 2,158 12 41 23
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -39 -3 -15 14 6 11 -47 -8 -23
1998-2002 average -9 1 -2 6 2 5 -14 -1 -6
Fife
1994-98 average 101 697 798 691 1,771 2,463 15 39 32
1994 74 706 780 655 1,722 2,377 11 41 33
1995 91 686 777 670 1,740 2,409 14 39 32
1996 105 679 784 694 1,777 2,471 15 38 32
1997 110 744 854 714 1,799 2,513 15 41 34
1998 124 670 794 726 1,819 2,544 17 37 31
1999 92 729 821 743 1,806 2,549 12 40 32
2000 143 684 827 726 1,801 2,527 20 38 33
2001 101 679 780 751 1,828 2,579 13 37 30
2002 128 674 802 837 1,883 2,720 15 36 29
1998-2002 average 118 687 805 757 1,827 2,584 16 38 31
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 27 -3 1 21 6 10 5 -9 -9
1998-2002 average 17 -1 1 9 3 5 7 -4 -4
Lothian & Borders
Edinburgh
1994-98 average 73 2,030 2,103 553 2,124 2,676 13 96 79
1994 46 1,975 2,021 518 2,060 2,578 9 96 78
1995 35 1,795 1,830 531 2,092 2,623 7 86 70
1996 88 2,130 2,218 554 2,131 2,685 16 100 83
1997 78 2,131 2,209 571 2,153 2,724 14 99 81
1998 117 2,118 2,235 589 2,184 2,773 20 97 81
1999 87 1,888 1,975 602 2,205 2,807 14 86 70
2000 111 1,984 2,095 599 2,181 2,780 19 91 75
2001 119 1,743 1,862 624 2,216 2,840 19 79 66
2002 74 1,681 1,755 651 2,261 2,912 11 74 60
1998-2002 average 102 1,883 1,984 613 2,209 2,822 17 85 70
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 1 -17 -17 18 6 9 -14 -22 -23
1998-2002 average 40 -7 -6 11 4 5 26 -11 -11
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
151
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Lothian & Borders (continued)
West Lothian
1994-98 average 46 596 641 521 900 1,421 9 66 45
1994 40 543 583 485 875 1,360 8 62 43
1995 67 587 654 500 885 1,385 13 66 47
1996 28 571 599 523 904 1,427 5 63 42
1997 29 652 681 538 915 1,453 5 71 47
1998 65 625 690 560 920 1,480 12 68 47
1999 55 565 620 584 937 1,521 9 60 41
2000 47 522 569 617 935 1,552 8 56 37
2001 65 576 641 623 940 1,563 10 61 41
2002 39 557 596 632 969 1,601 6 57 37
1998-2002 average 54 569 623 603 940 1,544 9 61 40
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -15 -7 -7 21 8 13 -30 -13 -18
1998-2002 average 17 -5 -3 16 4 9 1 -9 -11
Midlothian
1994-98 average 50 249 300 131 420 551 38 59 54
1994 47 239 286 126 407 533 37 59 54
1995 35 212 247 128 412 539 27 52 46
1996 57 258 315 132 421 553 43 61 57
1997 74 272 346 134 427 561 55 64 62
1998 39 266 305 136 433 569 29 61 54
1999 57 232 289 154 438 592 37 53 49
2000 46 277 323 153 440 593 30 63 54
2001 30 238 268 154 445 600 19 53 45
2002 48 210 258 142 461 603 34 46 43
1998-2002 average 44 245 289 148 444 591 30 55 49
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -4 -16 -14 8 10 9 -11 -23 -21
1998-2002 average -12 -2 -4 13 6 7 -22 -7 -10
East Lothian
1994-98 average 44 218 262 282 437 718 16 50 36
1994 32 204 236 265 420 685 12 49 34
1995 35 180 215 271 424 695 13 42 31
1996 56 246 302 282 433 715 20 57 42
1997 64 219 283 289 440 729 22 50 39
1998 33 240 273 302 466 767 11 52 36
1999 60 238 298 303 456 759 20 52 39
2000 33 260 293 307 457 764 11 57 38
2001 57 241 298 321 458 779 18 53 38
2002 56 216 272 329 475 804 17 45 34
1998-2002 average 48 239 287 312 462 775 15 52 37
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 27 -1 4 17 9 12 9 -9 -7
1998-2002 average 9 10 10 11 6 8 -2 4 2
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
152
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Lothian & Borders (continued)
Scottish Borders
1994-98 average 120 392 512 334 712 1,046 36 55 49
1994 135 362 497 319 688 1,007 42 53 49
1995 115 386 501 327 699 1,026 35 55 49
1996 146 404 550 336 717 1,053 43 56 52
1997 89 366 455 340 727 1,068 26 50 43
1998 114 443 557 348 731 1,078 33 61 52
1999 71 431 502 354 738 1,092 20 58 46
2000 90 410 500 354 727 1,081 25 56 46
2001 73 402 475 351 724 1,076 21 55 44
2002 77 429 506 377 752 1,129 20 57 45
1998-2002 average 85 423 508 357 734 1,091 24 58 47
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -36 9 -1 13 6 8 -43 4 -8
1998-2002 average -29 8 -1 7 3 4 -34 5 -5
Central
Clackmannanshire
1994-98 average 1 95 95 - 270 270 - 35 35
1994 1 85 86 - 262 262 - 32 33
1995 - 77 77 - 265 265 - 29 29
1996 - 83 83 - 271 271 - 31 31
1997 - 115 115 - 275 275 - 42 42
1998 2 114 116 - 279 279 - 41 42
1999 - 96 96 - 286 286 - 34 34
2000 - 82 82 - 286 286 - 29 29
2001 - 65 65 - 288 288 - 23 23
2002 - 90 90 - 293 293 - 31 31
1998-2002 average - 89 90 - 286 286 - 31 31
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 - -5 -5 - 8 8 - -13 -13
1998-2002 average -100 -6 -5 - 6 6 - -12 -11
Stirling
1994-98 average 78 234 312 360 628 988 22 37 32
1994 68 215 283 340 609 949 20 35 30
1995 81 218 299 349 616 965 23 35 31
1996 90 184 274 361 631 993 25 29 28
1997 58 300 358 373 639 1,012 16 47 35
1998 93 252 345 379 646 1,024 25 39 34
1999 69 207 276 386 652 1,038 18 32 27
2000 55 211 266 395 657 1,052 14 32 25
2001 80 164 244 411 658 1,069 19 25 23
2002 76 221 297 421 678 1,099 18 33 27
1998-2002 average 75 211 286 398 658 1,056 19 32 27
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -3 -6 -5 17 8 11 -17 -12 -14
1998-2002 average -4 -10 -8 11 5 7 -13 -14 -14
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
153
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Central (continued)
Falkirk
1994-98 average 37 339 376 433 787 1,220 9 43 31
1994 23 341 364 397 767 1,163 6 44 31
1995 33 281 314 409 776 1,184 8 36 27
1996 24 341 365 427 789 1,217 6 43 30
1997 68 380 448 441 797 1,238 15 48 36
1998 37 354 391 492 806 1,298 8 44 30
1999 33 343 376 479 820 1,299 7 42 29
2000 34 325 359 480 824 1,304 7 39 28
2001 60 257 317 499 828 1,327 12 31 24
2002 38 309 347 498 874 1,371 8 35 25
1998-2002 average 40 318 358 489 830 1,320 8 38 27
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 3 -9 -8 15 11 12 -11 -18 -18
1998-2002 average 8 -6 -5 13 6 8 -4 -11 -12
Strathclyde
Glasgow
1994-98 average 148 2,391 2,539 1,090 1,913 3,003 14 125 85
1994 135 2,449 2,584 1,014 1,866 2,880 13 131 90
1995 164 2,347 2,511 1,046 1,892 2,938 16 124 85
1996 131 2,257 2,388 1,094 1,920 3,014 12 118 79
1997 161 2,435 2,596 1,125 1,932 3,057 14 126 85
1998 150 2,467 2,617 1,172 1,956 3,128 13 126 84
1999 173 2,171 2,344 1,180 1,991 3,171 15 109 74
2000 172 2,175 2,347 1,144 2,001 3,145 15 109 75
2001 196 2,137 2,333 1,182 2,006 3,188 17 107 73
2002 210 2,067 2,277 1,211 2,054 3,265 17 101 70
1998-2002 average 180 2,203 2,384 1,178 2,002 3,179 15 110 75
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 42 -14 -10 11 7 9 28 -19 -18
1998-2002 average 22 -8 -6 8 5 6 13 -12 -11
Argyll & Bute
1994-98 average 153 229 381 328 451 779 47 51 49
1994 132 228 360 314 435 748 42 52 48
1995 127 210 337 322 442 764 39 47 44
1996 191 275 466 331 454 786 58 61 59
1997 164 218 382 335 461 796 49 47 48
1998 149 213 362 337 462 799 44 46 45
1999 127 265 392 336 472 808 38 56 49
2000 85 209 294 321 467 788 26 45 37
2001 109 216 325 322 471 794 34 46 41
2002 112 213 325 339 508 847 33 42 38
1998-2002 average 116 223 340 331 476 807 35 47 42
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -27 -7 -15 4 13 9 -29 -17 -22
1998-2002 average -24 -3 -11 1 6 4 -25 -8 -14
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
154
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Strathclyde (continued)
West Dunbartonshire
1994-98 average 54 264 317 165 377 542 33 70 58
1994 46 298 344 156 367 523 29 81 66
1995 51 277 328 160 372 532 32 74 62
1996 51 227 278 166 378 544 31 60 51
1997 62 234 296 170 381 551 36 61 54
1998 58 282 340 174 386 560 33 73 61
1999 38 213 251 176 391 567 22 55 44
2000 91 219 310 182 389 571 50 56 54
2001 72 204 276 183 391 574 39 52 48
2002 45 204 249 187 403 590 24 51 42
1998-2002 average 61 224 285 181 392 572 34 57 50
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -17 -23 -21 13 7 9 -26 -28 -28
1998-2002 average 13 -15 -10 9 4 6 3 -18 -15
East Dunbartonshire
1994-98 average 2 287 288 - 504 504 - 57 57
1994 - 263 263 - 491 491 - 54 54
1995 - 294 294 - 497 497 - 59 59
1996 9 303 312 - 506 506 - 60 62
1997 - 295 295 - 511 511 - 58 58
1998 - 278 278 - 517 517 - 54 54
1999 - 270 270 - 524 524 - 52 52
2000 - 286 286 - 523 523 - 55 55
2001 - 280 280 - 526 526 - 53 53
2002 - 255 255 - 542 542 - 47 47
1998-2002 average - 274 274 - 526 526 - 52 52
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 - -11 -11 - 7 7 - -17 -18
1998-2002 average - -5 -5 - 4 4 - -9 -9
Inverclyde
1994-98 average 95 241 335 65 419 484 146 58 69
1994 93 261 354 63 408 470 149 64 75
1995 81 218 299 64 413 477 127 53 63
1996 67 239 306 65 420 486 102 57 63
1997 137 250 387 66 424 490 208 59 79
1998 95 236 331 67 429 496 142 55 67
1999 74 195 269 68 436 503 110 45 53
2000 101 212 313 70 435 504 144 49 62
2001 74 195 269 72 442 514 102 44 52
2002 73 173 246 73 454 527 99 38 47
1998-2002 average 83 202 286 70 439 509 119 46 56
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -23 -28 -27 13 8 9 -32 -34 -33
1998-2002 average -13 -16 -15 8 5 5 -19 -20 -19
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
155
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Strathclyde (continued)
Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 67 533 600 469 672 1,141 14 79 53
1994 56 525 581 438 656 1,093 13 80 53
1995 62 525 587 449 663 1,112 14 79 53
1996 89 572 661 469 674 1,143 19 85 58
1997 59 531 590 482 680 1,162 12 78 51
1998 70 513 583 506 688 1,194 14 75 49
1999 92 481 573 497 706 1,203 18 68 48
2000 111 411 522 476 685 1,161 23 60 45
2001 76 405 481 494 690 1,184 15 59 41
2002 105 436 541 506 712 1,218 21 61 44
1998-2002 average 91 449 540 496 696 1,192 18 64 45
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 57 -18 -10 8 6 7 45 -23 -16
1998-2002 average 36 -16 -10 6 4 4 28 -19 -14
East Renfrewshire
1994-98 average 27 186 213 82 446 528 33 42 40
1994 21 172 193 77 435 512 27 40 38
1995 35 189 224 79 440 519 44 43 43
1996 37 190 227 83 446 529 45 43 43
1997 33 181 214 85 451 536 39 40 40
1998 10 199 209 88 456 544 11 44 38
1999 16 215 231 89 464 553 18 46 42
2000 20 181 201 110 467 577 18 39 35
2001 7 157 164 113 470 583 6 33 28
2002 13 133 146 116 482 599 11 28 24
1998-2002 average 13 177 190 103 468 571 13 38 33
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -52 -28 -31 41 8 13 -66 -34 -40
1998-2002 average -52 -5 -11 25 5 8 -62 -9 -18
North Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 155 881 1,035 965 1,685 2,650 16 52 39
1994 133 819 952 911 1,642 2,554 15 50 37
1995 96 843 939 936 1,660 2,597 10 51 36
1996 164 837 1,001 970 1,689 2,658 17 50 38
1997 183 915 1,098 990 1,706 2,696 18 54 41
1998 197 990 1,187 1,019 1,727 2,746 19 57 43
1999 171 889 1,060 1,027 1,750 2,777 17 51 38
2000 171 960 1,131 1,036 1,766 2,802 17 54 40
2001 147 979 1,126 1,068 1,760 2,829 14 56 40
2002 148 818 966 1,064 1,805 2,869 14 45 34
1998-2002 average 167 927 1,094 1,043 1,762 2,804 16 53 39
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -5 -7 -7 10 7 8 -13 -13 -14
1998-2002 average 8 5 6 8 5 6 -0 1 -0
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
156
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Strathclyde (continued)
South Lanarkshire
1994-98 average 189 874 1,063 855 1,133 1,988 22 77 53
1994 199 842 1,041 800 1,101 1,900 25 77 55
1995 159 837 996 827 1,113 1,941 19 75 51
1996 195 858 1,053 858 1,137 1,995 23 75 53
1997 147 924 1,071 887 1,149 2,037 17 80 53
1998 243 911 1,154 900 1,165 2,066 27 78 56
1999 235 857 1,092 923 1,202 2,124 25 71 51
2000 227 793 1,020 900 1,177 2,077 25 67 49
2001 185 805 990 915 1,178 2,093 20 68 47
2002 185 811 996 964 1,208 2,173 19 67 46
1998-2002 average 215 835 1,050 920 1,186 2,106 23 70 50
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -2 -7 -6 13 7 9 -13 -13 -14
1998-2002 average 14 -4 -1 8 5 6 6 -9 -7
North Ayrshire
1994-98 average 113 294 406 283 388 671 40 76 61
1994 86 271 357 271 376 647 32 72 55
1995 139 315 454 276 381 657 50 83 69
1996 113 273 386 285 389 674 40 70 57
1997 133 311 444 289 394 683 46 79 65
1998 93 298 391 293 398 691 32 75 57
1999 92 291 383 281 402 683 33 72 56
2000 89 280 369 281 401 683 32 70 54
2001 98 277 375 274 398 673 36 70 56
2002 104 241 345 289 408 697 36 59 49
1998-2002 average 95 277 373 284 402 685 33 69 54
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -8 -18 -15 2 5 4 -10 -22 -18
1998-2002 average -16 -6 -8 0 4 2 -16 -9 -10
East Ayrshire
1994-98 average 72 288 360 266 570 835 27 51 43
1994 65 300 365 252 553 805 26 54 45
1995 84 290 374 257 558 815 33 52 46
1996 74 283 357 267 571 838 28 50 43
1997 62 305 367 273 580 853 23 53 43
1998 73 262 335 279 587 866 26 45 39
1999 75 281 356 283 604 888 26 47 40
2000 52 279 331 303 606 909 17 46 36
2001 49 316 365 324 611 935 15 52 39
2002 52 291 343 339 623 962 15 47 36
1998-2002 average 60 286 346 306 606 912 20 47 38
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -28 1 -5 28 9 15 -43 -8 -17
1998-2002 average -17 -1 -4 15 6 9 -28 -7 -12
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per
100 million vehicle-
kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
157
Table 41 (continued) Casualties
Slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate, by council and road type
(1)
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994 to 2002
Local All Local All Local All
Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads Trunk Authority roads
roads roads roads roads
(2)
roads roads
Strathclyde (continued)
South Ayrshire
1994-98 average 98 251 349 323 496 818 30 51 43
1994 118 238 356 308 481 789 38 49 45
1995 104 245 349 316 488 803 33 50 43
1996 89 257 346 324 497 821 27 52 42
1997 109 267 376 329 504 833 33 53 45
1998 72 247 319 336 509 845 21 49 38
1999 102 283 385 344 516 859 30 55 45
2000 83 294 377 338 515 854 25 57 44
2001 79 307 386 351 528 880 22 58 44
2002 91 256 347 376 549 926 24 47 37
1998-2002 average 85 277 363 349 523 873 24 53 42
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -7 2 -1 17 11 13 -20 -8 -12
1998-2002 average -13 10 4 8 6 7 -20 5 -2
Dumfries & Galloway
1994-98 average 145 264 409 1,110 616 1,725 13 43 24
1994 173 284 457 1,053 592 1,644 16 48 28
1995 141 206 347 1,083 602 1,685 13 34 21
1996 105 245 350 1,117 620 1,737 9 40 20
1997 134 305 439 1,134 630 1,765 12 48 25
1998 173 279 452 1,162 634 1,796 15 44 25
1999 134 310 444 1,159 644 1,804 12 48 25
2000 142 315 457 1,123 640 1,763 13 49 26
2001 150 299 449 1,136 639 1,775 13 47 25
2002 159 301 460 1,201 663 1,864 13 45 25
1998-2002 average 152 301 452 1,156 644 1,800 13 47 25
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 10 14 12 8 8 8 1 6 4
1998-2002 average 5 14 11 4 5 4 1 9 6
Scotland
1994-98 average 2,727 14,751 17,478 13,519 24,234 37,754 20.17 60.87 46.30
1994 2,523 14,479 17,002 12,761 23,510 36,271 19.77 61.59 46.87
1995 2,620 14,235 16,855 13,115 23,820 36,935 19.98 59.76 45.63
1996 2,800 14,518 17,318 13,579 24,329 37,908 20.62 59.67 45.68
1997 2,843 15,362 18,205 13,887 24,622 38,509 20.47 62.39 47.28
1998 2,849 15,161 18,010 14,255 24,891 39,145 19.99 60.91 46.01
1999 2,714 14,214 16,928 14,360 25,231 39,591 18.90 56.34 42.76
2000 2,607 14,008 16,615 14,197 25,113 39,310 18.36 55.78 42.27
2001 2,713 13,438 16,151 14,563 25,243 39,806 18.63 53.23 40.57
2002 2,534 13,196 15,730 15,201 26,078 41,279 16.67 50.60 38.11
1998-2002 average 2,683 14,003 16,687 14,515 25,311 39,826 18.48 55.32 41.90
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -7 -11 -10 12 8 9 -17 -17 -18
1998-2002 average -2 -5 -5 7 4 5 -8 -9 -9
(1) Based on the road network following the 1st April 1996 changes (see Annex E).
(2) These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on
local authority roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates,
which is in the Introduction.
Slight casualties
Slight casualty rate (per 100
million vehicle-kilometres)
Estimated total volume of
traffic (million vehicle-
kilometres)
158
Table 42 Casualties
Casualties killed or seriously injured, child killed or seriously injured,
slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate by police force area
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994-2002
Police force Killed or Child killed or Slight Estimated total
(1)
Slight
Seriously injured Seriously injured Casualties volume of traffic casualty rate
numbers (million veh-km) (per 100 million veh-km)
Northern
1994-98 average 412 46 942 2,666 35
1994 385 46 766 2,557 30
1995 408 54 948 2,613 36
1996 461 56 946 2,686 35
1997 388 32 1,010 2,726 37
1998 416 42 1,039 2,747 38
1999 366 33 1,020 2,787 37
2000 313 23 880 2,751 32
2001 392 35 852 2,811 30
2002 258 34 850 2,937 29
1998-2002 average 349 33 928 2,807 33
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -37 -26 -10 10 -18
1998-2002 average -15 -28 -1 5 -6
Grampian
1994-98 average 395 44 1,576 4,328 36
1994 397 48 1,587 4,158 38
1995 390 33 1,654 4,233 39
1996 384 51 1,497 4,354 34
1997 400 41 1,642 4,423 37
1998 406 49 1,498 4,473 33
1999 314 35 1,281 4,525 28
2000 371 32 1,281 4,422 29
2001 321 28 1,280 4,447 29
2002 313 26 1,219 4,663 26
1998-2002 average 345 34 1,312 4,506 29
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -21 -41 -23 8 -28
1998-2002 average -13 -23 -17 4 -20
Tayside
1994-98 average 508 77 1,264 3,736 34
1994 573 91 1,306 3,584 36
1995 499 78 1,300 3,659 36
1996 491 82 1,254 3,754 33
1997 476 75 1,249 3,817 33
1998 503 61 1,209 3,866 31
1999 424 56 1,324 3,872 34
2000 372 53 1,182 3,839 31
2001 440 61 1,250 3,881 32
2002 341 50 1,242 4,068 31
1998-2002 average 416 56 1,241 3,905 32
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -33 -35 -2 9 -10
1998-2002 average -18 -27 -2 5 -6
1. These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on local authority
roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates, which is in the Introduction.
159
Table 42 (continued) Casualties
Casualties killed or seriously injured, child killed or seriously injured,
slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate by police force area
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994-2002
Police force Killed or Child killed or Slight Estimated total
(1)
Slight
Seriously injured Seriously injured Casualties volume of traffic casualty rate
numbers (million veh-km) (per 100 million veh-km)
Fife
1994-98 average 266 44 798 2,463 32
1994 278 48 780 2,377 33
1995 307 55 777 2,409 32
1996 258 45 784 2,471 32
1997 270 37 854 2,513 34
1998 219 37 794 2,544 31
1999 192 36 821 2,549 32
2000 249 38 827 2,527 33
2001 232 31 780 2,579 30
2002 278 28 802 2,720 29
1998-2002 average 234 34 805 2,584 31
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 5 -36 1 10 -9
1998-2002 average -12 -23 1 5 -4
Lothian & Borders
1994-98 average 635 94 3,818 6,413 60
1994 863 151 3,623 6,162 59
1995 762 133 3,447 6,268 55
1996 509 66 3,984 6,432 62
1997 524 61 3,974 6,535 61
1998 518 58 4,060 6,667 61
1999 546 74 3,684 6,772 54
2000 615 93 3,780 6,771 56
2001 556 73 3,544 6,857 52
2002 536 67 3,387 7,049 48
1998-2002 average 554 73 3,691 6,823 54
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -16 -29 -11 10 -19
1998-2002 average -13 -22 -3 6 -9
Central
1994-98 average 290 52 784 2,479 32
1994 348 65 733 2,375 31
1995 282 53 690 2,414 29
1996 293 54 722 2,480 29
1997 278 45 921 2,525 36
1998 248 45 852 2,601 33
1999 237 28 748 2,623 29
2000 231 34 707 2,642 27
2001 233 32 626 2,684 23
2002 254 32 734 2,763 27
1998-2002 average 241 34 733 2,663 28
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -12 -38 -6 11 -16
1998-2002 average -17 -35 -7 7 -13
1. These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on local authority
roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates, which is in the Introduction.
160
Table 42 (continued) Casualties
Casualties killed or seriously injured, child killed or seriously injured,
slight casualties, estimated total volume of traffic, and slight casualty rate by police force area
Years: 1994-98 and 1998-2002 averages and 1994-2002
Police force Killed or Child killed or Slight Estimated total
(1)
Slight
Seriously injured Seriously injured Casualties volume of traffic casualty rate
numbers (million veh-km) (100 million veh-km)
Strathclyde
1994-98 average 2,117 459 7,889 13,944 57
1994 2,480 556 7,750 13,414 58
1995 2,455 520 7,692 13,653 56
1996 1,800 413 7,781 13,994 56
1997 1,892 428 8,116 14,205 57
1998 1,958 377 8,106 14,452 56
1999 1,843 354 7,606 14,660 52
2000 1,578 272 7,501 14,594 51
2001 1,452 273 7,370 14,771 50
2002 1,410 270 7,036 15,214 46
1998-2002 average 1,648 309 7,524 14,738 51
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -33 -41 -11 9 -18
1998-2002 average -22 -33 -5 6 -10
Dumfries & Galloway
1994-98 average 214 25 409 1,725 24
1994 247 24 457 1,644 28
1995 236 24 347 1,685 21
1996 202 23 350 1,737 20
1997 196 26 439 1,765 25
1998 189 29 452 1,796 25
1999 153 9 444 1,804 25
2000 164 16 457 1,763 26
2001 129 10 449 1,775 25
2002 128 18 460 1,864 25
1998-2002 average 153 16 452 1,800 25
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -40 -28 12 8 4
1998-2002 average -29 -36 11 4 6
Scotland
1994-98 average 4,838 842 17,478 37,754 46
1994 5,571 1,029 17,002 36,271 47
1995 5,339 950 16,855 36,935 46
1996 4,398 790 17,318 37,908 46
1997 4,424 745 18,205 38,509 47
1998 4,457 698 18,010 39,145 46
1999 4,075 625 16,928 39,591 43
2000 3,893 561 16,615 39,310 42
2001 3,755 543 16,151 39,806 41
2002 3,518 525 15,730 41,279 38
1998-2002 average 3,940 590 16,687 39,826 42
% change on 1994-98 average
2002 -27 -38 -10 9 -18
1998-2002 average -19 -30 -5 5 -9
1. These estimates are not National Statistics. They provide only a rough indication of the likely total volume of traffic on local authority
roads in each area. For further information, please see the note on the Traffic Estimates, which is in the Introduction.
161
162
Annex A
Calendar of events affecting road traffic
1964-65: Road Traffic Act 1964 - Wider powers for speed limits. Trial 70 mph speed limit on motorway
and other previously de-restricted roads. 50 mph speed limit on selected roads during summer.
1967: Seat belts compulsory on new cars - Permanent 70 mph speed limit on all roads. An offence to
drink and attempt to drive with over 80 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of blood.
1968-69: Transport Act 1968 allowed regulations on length of drivers working hours - 3 year old
vehicles need test certificate.
1970: New regulations on lorry and PSV drivers hours of work.
1973-74: Safety helmets compulsory for 2-wheeled motor vehicle users - 50 mph national maximum
speed limit, later motorway 70 mph, dual carriageway 60 mph - Vehicle lighting regulations.
1975: Temporary 50 and 60 mph limits extended.
1976: Licensing Scotland Act 1976 - extension of licensing hours until 11 pm - effective from
13 December 1976.
1977: 50 and 60 mph limits raised to 60 and 70 mph.
1977: Licensing Scotland Act 1976 - extension of Sunday opening - effective from October 1977.
1978: 60 and 70 mph limits permanent - New rules on maximum hours which may be worked by goods
vehicle drivers.
1982: New 2-part motorcycle test from 29 March - Application of 2 year limit on provisional motorcycle
licence took effect from 1 October.
1983: Transport Act 1981 introduced evidential breath testing and made seat belt wearing law for drivers
and front seat passengers of most cars and light vans. Learner motor cyclists now only allowed to ride
machines of up to 125 cc.
1984: Regulations introduced requiring spray reducing devices to be fitted to lorries and trailers.
1985: In December, Scottish Police Authorities introduced a policy of breath testing all drivers in an
accident wherever possible.
1986: All new cars manufactured from 1 October to be fitted with rear seat belts. Seat belt legislation
made permanent. European Road Safety Year.
1987: Legal requirement introduced requiring all newly registered cars to be fitted with rear seat belts or
child restraints from 1 April. Government sets a target to achieve a one-third reduction in road accident
casualties by the year 2000.
1988: All coaches first used from 1 April 1974 using a motorway must have 70 mph limiters fitted by
1 April 1991.
163
1989: Penalty points increased for careless driving, driving without insurance and failing to stop after or
to report an accident. Seat belt wearing by rear child passengers became law in cars where appropriate
restraints have been fitted and are available. Accompanied motorcycle testing became mandatory.
1990: Compulsory basic training for motorcyclists introduced and learner drivers banned from carrying
pillion passengers. High Risk Offenders Scheme for problem drink-drivers extended. New regulations
requiring those accompanying learner drivers to be at least 21 years old and to have held a licence for
3 years. Scottish Road Safety Year.
1991: Seat belt wearing by rear adult passengers became law in cars where belts are fitted and available.
New road hump regulations introduced to reduce traffic speed.
1992: Subsequent to the Road Traffic Act 1991, new road traffic offences and penalties came into force,
including retesting of dangerous drivers. The Traffic Calming Act 1992 came into force enabling roads
authorities to introduce a wide range of traffic calming measures. Requirement for minimum tread depth
of 1.6 mm introduced for cars and light vans. All new goods vehicles over 7.5 tonnes fitted with 60 mph
speed limiters.
1993: First speed enforcement cameras introduced in Scotland. The MOT test extended, including new
checks on mirrors, windscreen condition, fuel tanks, seat and door security and number plates.
1994: First 20 mph zones introduced in Scotland. Traffic Calming (Scotland) Regulations came into
force.
1995: Pass Plus scheme introduced for new drivers which encourages new drivers to take more lessons
by offering discount on motor insurance.
1996: Driving theory test introduced from 1 July for car and motorcycle learners. Road Traffic (New
Drivers) Act 1996 - requires newly qualified drivers to retake the driving test if they acquire 6 or more
penalty points within 2 years of passing their test - effective from 1 June 1997. Requirement for coaches
and minibuses to be fitted with seat belts when carrying children on organised trips, including journeys
between home and school - effective from February, 1997. End of concession, where seat belts are
fitted, whereby 3 children could share a double seat.
1997: New Zebra, Pelican and Puffin crossing regulations introduced, with Puffin crossings prescribed
for the first time.
1998: New Road Humps regulations came into force giving local authorities wider powers to establish
road humps.
1999: Amendment to the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 gave local authorities power to introduce
traffic calmed 20 mph zones and 20 mph speed limits, with or without traffic calming measures, at
suitable locations. Revised Highway Code published.
2000: The Government announced a new road safety strategy and casualty reduction targets for the
period to 2010 in "Tomorrow's Roads - Safer for Everyone". A review of speed policy was conducted
and reported in 'New Directions in Speed Management'.
2001: Amendment to the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 made it clear that school crossing patrols
can stop traffic for children of all ages and adults and gave local authorities greater flexibility in the
164
times that school crossing patrols can operate. Scottish Executive awarded nearly 15 million to local
authorities for cycling, walking and safer streets projects, including safer routes to school schemes.
2002: New Home Zones (Scotland) Regulations came into force. These set out the procedures local
authorities must follow when designating home zones.
165
166
Annex B
The Collection of Road Accident Statistics,
and examples of forms that could be used to collect the data
1. Introduction
This Annex describes briefly the arrangements for collecting road accident statistics. It then provides
examples of paper forms that could be used for collecting the data.
2. The collection of road accident statistics
The Road Accident statistics are compiled from returns made by police forces. For each injury road
accident known to have occurred in their areas, the police authorities complete a statistical return
(which is called a Stats 19 return), which provides details of the accident circumstances, separate
information for each vehicle which was involved in the accident, and separate information for each
person who was injured in the accident. Examples of the kinds of forms that could be used for this
purpose appear later. The information shown in the current version of the "Stats 19" form has been
collected since 1999, following the implementation of the changes to the Road Accident Statistics
system that were recommended in the 1997 Quinquennial Review (see Annex C).
The statistical returns cover all accidents in which a vehicle is involved that occur on roads
(including footways) and result in death or personal injury, if they become known to the police. It
should be noted that the vehicle need not be moving, and need not be in collision - for example, the
returns include accidents involving people alighting from buses. Road accidents in which no-one is
injured (damage only accidents) are not included in this definition, so the Scottish Executive does
not receive any statistics of such accidents, and this publication cannot give any figures for them.
Full guidance on the completion of the Stats 19 statistical returns, including detailed notes and
definitions of the coverage of the returns and of the information to be provided in each field, is given
in a document produced by the Department for Transport (DfT), called Instructions for the
Completion of Road Accident Reports (which is also referred to as the Stats 20).
The returns for accidents in Scotland are submitted every month by the police authorities, either
directly or with the assistance of a local Council, to the Scottish Executive. All the returns should
first be subject to the validity and consistency checks specified in a document called Procedures for
Submitting Road Accident Data to The Scottish Office (as the Scottish Executive was formerly
known). This document is also referred to as the Scottish Edition of Stats 21. The Scottish
Executive also applies these checks, and clears any errors that it finds with the police. The returns
are added to the Scottish Executive Transport Statistics branchs database, which contains statistical
information about all injury road accidents in Scotland since 1979.
The Transport Statistics branchs records for accidents which occurred on Motorways and A roads
are copied to the Road Network Management and Maintenance Division of the Scottish Executive,
which maintains a database of information about trunk roads. From all the Motorway and A road
accidents, the ones which occurred on trunk roads are identified using their road numbers and their
grid co-ordinates, and the information about them is put onto the Road Network Management and
Maintenance Division database. The Transport Statistics branch is subsequently informed which of
these accidents occurred on trunk roads, and its database is updated accordingly.
Similar returns are made throughout Great Britain. The Scottish Executive sends a copy of the
Scottish data to DfT, which holds a database of accident records for the whole of Great Britain.
167
3. Examples of forms that could be used to collect the data
This Annex provides examples of paper forms that could be used to collect the data for the road
accident statistics. Two types of form are shown:
a. the illustrative "Stats 19" form - this shows only the information which is collected for
national statistical purposes;
b. an example of a more sophisticated form, which was developed by Middlesex University -
this shows both the information needed for national statistical purposes and examples of the kinds of
other details which may be obtained for local use.
In both cases, separate pages are used for information about the Attendant Circumstances, the
Vehicles involved and the Casualties. For example, the illustrative "Stats 19" form has a separate
page for each Vehicle and a separate page for each Casualty. The "Middlesex University" form can
hold details of two Casualties on one page, and details of two Vehicles (side by side) spread over two
pages. What is sometimes referred to as an "accident book" would contain a number of such pages
(when an accident involves more vehicles or more casualties than the book allows for, the officer can
attach extra pages for the other vehicles and casualties). The "Middlesex University" form's pages
differ in size, so that one can turn quickly to a particular page of the accident book.
In practice, each Police Force uses its own system, which often involves the information being keyed
into a computer by the officer, or by the clerical staff whom the officer telephones to report the
accident, rather than the use of paper forms. However, some police forces have recorded the
information required for statistical purposes using forms which were, for example:
a. based on the illustrative "Stats 19", with slight modifications to include boxes to collect
additional information for local use, such as codes for the reporting officer, the Police beat on which
the accident occurred, and the school attended (if a casualty was a school pupil en route to or from
school); or
b. in effect, a data preparation coding form with (e.g.) boxes for all the statistical information
about the Attendant Circumstances, up to three Vehicles and up to four Casualties, and some
information for local use, all on one double-sided A4 sheet. Anyone completing such a form would
have to refer to a separate document for details of the codes for variables such as "Road Class",
"Type of Vehicle" and "Pedestrian Location".
As well as such forms, the Police Force would, of course, hold other information about the accident
(for example, in the officer's notebook, reports and administrative records).
4. The illustrative "Stats 19" form
The first three pages of forms in this Annex together make up the illustrative "Stats 19" form. As
mentioned above, this shows only the information that is collected for the national road accident
statistics - i.e. just those details which are included in the statistical returns made to the Scottish
Executive's Transport Statistics branch. Each variable has a reference number (e.g. 1.7 for the
"Date" on the Attendant Circumstance form; 2.5 for the "Type of Vehicle" on the Vehicle form),
which identifies the relevant section in the "Stats 20" Instructions for the Completion of the Road
Accident Reports. There are some gaps in the sequence of numbers, which correspond to variables
which are no longer part of the statistical returns - for example, "1.8" was used for "Day of Week",
until this was dropped from the returns with effect from the start of 1994. The form is updated once
the recommendations of each Quality Review (or, formerly, Quinquennial Review) have been
finalised, to show the information that will be required for the national statistics once the changes
take effect. The version shown here is labelled "STATS19 (1999)" because it came into effect at the
start of 1999 ("DETR", "SO" and "WO" are the departmental names of that time).
168
5. The "Middlesex University" form
The form shown on the remaining pages of this Annex was developed by Middlesex University, as
part of a research project The Development of Improved Methods for Representing Road Accident
Data, funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Two of the three
objectives of the research were:
a. to define the accident attributes required for the more effective diagnosis and design of
accident remedial schemes and to integrate these with the data required for the compilation of
national accident statistics; and
b. to investigate methods of data collection and to design a police accident report form which
includes the required attributes and reflects an intuitive perception of the causes of particular
accidents.
The researchers surveyed Police Forces, found out about their methods of data collection, assessed
the kinds of forms used, identified a number of deficiencies in their design, and developed the form
which appears here. This was used on a small-scale trial basis by some officers in eight Police
Forces: many found the form easy to complete once they were familiar with it. The researchers
concluded that it would be difficult to produce a single form that satisfied the requirements of each
police force, but forms based on sound principles of graphic design would be easier to complete and
less prone to errors.
The researchers also considered an electronic version of the form, for use on a secure Intranet using
World Wide Web technology, which was designed to be "independent of platform", relatively easy to
produce, and to include data validation and "help" menus.
The "Middlesex University" form shows the kinds of information that may be collected for local use
- for example, on the first of the "Vehicle" pages, there are boxes for the officer to tick to indicate
whether the driving licence, insurance certificate, etc are in order; there is a page for witness
statements; and so forth.
We are grateful to the researchers for permission to reproduce the form. For further information
about the research project, the paper form, the electronic version, or subsequent Middlesex
University work on this and related matters, please contact:
Professor Chris Wright
Transport Management Research Centre
Middlesex University
The Burroughs
London NW4 4BT
Tel (direct line): 020 8411 5259
e-mail: c.wright@mdx.ac.uk
Information about other related work by Middlesex University is available at:
http://www.mdx.ac.uk/www/roadtraffic/welcome.htm
169
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8


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s
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r
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n

l
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g
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t

c
r
o
s
s
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n
g

(
4
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P
e
d
e
s
t
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i
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n

p
h
a
s
e

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t

t
r
a
f
f
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g
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j
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n
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(
5
)



C
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l

R
e
f
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e

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o

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t
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s
(
6
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(
7
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C
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e
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F
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(
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3
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l
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5
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6
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(
7
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8
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(
9
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M
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(
M
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(
2
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A
(
3
)



B
(
4
)



C
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5
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n
c
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3
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(
9
)



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(
1
0
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(
1
1
)



P
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(
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(
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4
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(
1
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F
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(
2
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p
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l
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(
3
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F
a
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b
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(
4
)



F
a
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)



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(
6
)
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p
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n
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c
c
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s



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n

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c

w
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w
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t
h
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t

d
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(
d
r
i
v
e
r
/
r
i
d
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r

n
o
t

t
o

b
l
a
m
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)

(
7
)



P
a
s
s
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r

f
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l

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n

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r

n
e
a
r

P
S
V

(
8
)
F
a
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l
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e

o
f

P
e
d
e
s
t
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n
/
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R
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f
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s
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f
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a
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n
F
a
c
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s

a
n
d

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d
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t
h
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m

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n

o
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d
e
r
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f

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m
p
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n
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e
(
1
,
2
,
3
,

o
r

4
)
.

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h
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w
c
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f
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:
A
=
D
e
f
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n
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e
,
B
=
P
r
o
b
a
b
l
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C
=
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s
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b
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A
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C
P
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s
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n

i
m
p
a
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d

b
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a
l
c
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h
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l
(
1
)

A
/
B
/
C
P
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r
s
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n

i
m
p
a
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r
e
d

b
y

d
r
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g
s
(
2
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A
/
B
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C
P
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s
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n

i
m
p
a
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r
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d

b
y

f
a
t
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g
u
e
(
3
)

A
/
B
/
C
P
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r
s
o
n

i
m
p
a
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r
e
d

b
y

i
l
l
n
e
s
s
(
4
)

A
/
B
/
C
P
e
r
s
o
n
d
i
s
t
r
a
c
t
e
d

d
u
e

t
o

s
t
r
e
s
s
/
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
a
l

s
t
a
t
e

o
f

m
i
n
d
(
5
)

A
/
B
/
C
P
e
r
s
o
n
d
i
s
t
r
a
c
t
e
d

b
y

p
h
y
s
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c
a
l

d
i
s
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n

i
n
/
o
n

v
e
h
i
c
l
e
(
6
)

A
/
B
/
C
P
e
r
s
o
n
d
i
s
t
r
a
c
t
e
d

b
y

p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l

d
i
s
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n

o
u
t
s
i
d
e

v
e
h
i
c
l
e
(
7
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
e
r
s
o
n

w
a
s

p
a
n
i
c
k
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n
g

(
8
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
e
r
s
o
n

w
a
s

c
a
r
e
l
e
s
s
/
t
h
o
u
g
h
t
l
e
s
s
/
r
e
c
k
l
e
s
s

(
9
)

A
/
B
/
C


P
e
r
s
o
n

w
a
s

n
e
r
v
o
u
s
/
u
n
c
e
r
t
a
i
n

(
1
0
)

A
/
B
/
C


P
e
r
s
o
n

w
a
s

i
n

a

h
u
r
r
y

(
1
1
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
e
r
s
o
n

f
a
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l
e
d

t
o

j
u
d
g
e

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t
h
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r

p
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r
s
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n

s

p
a
t
h
/
s
p
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d

(
1
2
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
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r
s
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n

s

D
i
s
a
b
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l
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t
y

(
1
3
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
e
r
s
o
n

f
a
i
l
e
d

t
o

l
o
o
k

(
1
4
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
e
r
s
o
n

l
o
o
k
e
d

b
u
t

d
i
d

n
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t

s
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(
1
5
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
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s
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n

d
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d

n
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t

p
a
y

a
t
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n
t
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n

(
1
6
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
e
r
s
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n

h
i
t

w
o
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e

d
a
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k
/
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n
c
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s
p
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c
u
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u
s

c
l
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t
h
i
n
g

(
1
7
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
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s
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n

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t
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r

(
p
l
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p
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y

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t
a
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l
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)

(
1
8
)

A
/
B
/
C



P
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c
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f
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180
Annex C
Consultation with Users and Providers of Road Accident Statistics, and
Reviews of the "Stats 19" specification and the statistical publications
1. Introduction
This Annex describes briefly the arrangements for consulting the users and providers of the road
accident statistics. It then gives some information about the reviews of the "Stats 19" road accident
statistics specification and of the road accident statistics publications. Finally, it refers to some
points on the changes to the "Stats 19" specification that were implemented in 1999.
2. The Liaison Group on Road Accident Statistics (LGRAS)
The Scottish Executive consults the Liaison Group on Road Accident Statistics (LGRAS), whose
members include representatives of each Police Force and of the Association of Chief Police Officers
(Scotland), of some individual local authorities and of the Society of Chief Officers of Transportation
in Scotland, and of other types of user of the statistics, including the Royal Society for the Prevention
of Accidents, the Institute of Road Safety Officers in Scotland, a transport consultant, and an
academic researcher. LGRAS meets, on average, once a year. It discusses matters such as the
arrangements for the supply of the road accident statistics data, the quality of the information that is
collected and the implications for the use of the data for certain purposes, the likely availability of
other information, proposals for changes to the "Stats 19" road accident statistics specification, and
improvements to the range of road accidents statistics which the Scottish Executive publishes or
otherwise makes available.
Copies of the LGRAS papers are also sent to some other interested parties, including a contact in
every local authority not represented on the Group and to the Convention of Scottish Local
Authorities. In addition, the LGRAS papers and minutes (for 2000 onwards) are available on the
Scottish Executive Web site, at the following address:
www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/scotstats/committees/transport/groups/lgras/default.asp
Further information about LGRAS can be obtained from its Secretary, Scott Brand, whose contact
details appear on page 2 of this publication.
3. The Standing Committee on Road Accident Statistics (SCRAS)
Users and providers of road accident statistics across Great Britain are consulted via the Standing
Committee on Road Accident Statistics (SCRAS), which is chaired by the Department for Transport
(DfT). Its members include representatives of the Association of Chief Police Officers (Scotland),
the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities, the Scottish Executive, and other interested parties
from across Great Britain. SCRAS is responsible for reviewing the GB-wide "Stats 19" road
accident statistics specification (see below), discusses other aspects of the collection and use of the
road accident statistics, and produces occasional newsletters on road accident statistics matters.
Further information about SCRAS is available from Anil Bhagat of the DfT Road Accident Statistics
branch (direct line: 0207 944 6595) and from the DfT Transport Statistics Web site - go to:
www.dft.gov.uk/transtat/scras
181
4. Reviews of the Stats 19 road accident statistics specification
Government statistical surveys are reviewed regularly to ensure that the information that they
provide meets users' needs, and reduce the costs of data provision, if possible. The collection of road
accident statistics is reviewed by the Standing Committee on Road Accident Statistics (SCRAS).
In 1997, SCRAS consulted many organisations about their ideas for improving the road accident
statistics, and prepared proposals which responded to changes in the needs for data and which could
be adopted without increasing costs significantly. The report of the 1997 Quinquennial Review was
published by the then Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions as DETR Statistics
Bulletin number (98) 14. The changes were implemented in 1999 - a note on them appears later.
The 2002 Quality Review of road accident statistics started in July 2001, when a "scoping paper" and
questionnaires were sent to users and providers of road accident statistics across Great Britain.
Those consulted were asked for their views on the matters that SCRAS felt that the review should
address, and to suggest other possible improvements. The Scottish Executive distributed the paper
and questionnaires to LGRAS members and to recipients of LGRAS papers. In October 2001,
LGRAS discussed Scottish views, having seen the (anonymised) Scottish responses and a summary
of the main points raised by respondents elsewhere. SCRAS and its working groups then considered
all the suggestions for changes, and produced interim recommendations, which were discussed by
LGRAS in June 2002. Subsequently, SCRAS and its working groups revised and developed further
the proposals for changes. In Spring 2003, these were discussed by LGRAS and at a series of
meetings in Wales and the regions of England. In the light of the comments made then, further work
was required to finalise the details of the changes. At the time of writing, it is expected that the final
report of the Review will be produced shortly, and that the final version of the Stats 19, together
with the detailed Stats 20 and Stats 21 specifications (see Annex B), will be sent to police forces
and local authorities before the end of 2003. The changes arising from the Review will be
implemented at the start of 2005.
5. Reviews of road accident statistics publications
"Road Accidents Scotland 2000" was the last edition to compare the latest figures with the 1981-85
average levels (the "baseline" for the casualty reduction target for 2000). "Road Accidents Scotland
2001" was the first edition to include instead the 1994-98 average levels (the "baseline" for the
casualty reduction targets for 2010). Because many of the tables and charts had to be changed, the
Scottish Executive reviewed the content of the publication before setting what could become the
pattern for the next ten years' editions. In October 2001, the Scottish Executive consulted LGRAS
about some possibilities. Readers of "Road Accidents Scotland 2000" were then asked, by means of a
questionnaire enclosed with every copy, for their views on possible changes for the "2001" edition.
The Scottish Executive revised its proposals to take account of the results of the survey. These
revised proposals were discussed by LGRAS in June 2002. The Scottish Executive then finalised
"Road Accidents Scotland 2001" in the light of the views expressed by LGRAS members.
In May 2002, as part of the Quality Review, DfT conducted a GB-wide survey of users of road
accident statistics, to obtain views on, and suggestions for improvements to, the dissemination of,
and access to, road accident statistics. Users were asked to comment on both the range of printed
publications and the information which is (or could become) available electronically from Web sites
and elsewhere. A number of points were made by Scottish respondents, and by Professor Richard
Allsop (the external Assessor to the Review) in his report on this part of the Review. The Scottish
Executive considered these points and, in May 2003, consulted LGRAS about the changes that it
proposed to make in the light of them. LGRAS members were also asked if there were other changes
that they would like made to the Scottish Executives road accident statistics publications and to the
182
information (such as the spreadsheet versions of the publications tables) that would be made
available on its Web site. The Scottish Executive then finalised the list of changes for "Road
Accidents Scotland 2002" (and its plans for developing the information to be made available on its
Web site) in the light of the views of the members of LGRAS.
6. The changes to the Stats 19 road accident statistics specification in 1999
The changes which were implemented in 1999 are described in "Road Accidents Scotland 1999",
pages 146-151. Some new variables and codes were added, some of the existing variables and codes
were modified, and some were deleted. The frequency of use of each code of each of the new and
modified variables was shown on pages 152-153 of "Road Accidents Scotland 1999".
Two particular points should be noted about the changes made in 1999, because they have an effect
on some of the figures published in this edition (the other changes are thought not to have any such
implications).
Vehicle type: coding of motor caravans
The vehicle type code formerly used for 'Minibus/motor caravan' (code 10) was changed:
Minibus: the "code 10" category now covers only minibuses;
Motor caravans are not identified as a separate category - they are now included with 'Other
motor vehicles' (code 14).
As a result, the figures for the categories described in the tables as "minibus" and "other" are on
different bases for (a) 1998 and earlier years and (b) 1999 and later years. The scale of the
discontinuity is not known, because motor caravans have not been identified separately in the
statistical returns. However, it is likely that the change in the way in which motor caravans are
recorded in "Stats 19" has contributed to the fall in the "minibus" figures between 1998 and 1999,
and the rise in the "other" figures.
Driver and casualty postcodes, and estimated distances between homes and the locations of accidents
Postcodes were added to the "Stats 19" returns in 1999. It was accepted that their collection would
have to be phased in, as they became readily available from police administrative systems. Indeed,
the "Stats 20" instructions state "if the postcode is not immediately available, leave blank". As a
result, blank (or the "not known" code) is used more often than should be the case in future. There
are also codes for non-UK residents and for parked and unattended vehicles.
The "straight line" (or "as the crow flies") distance between the location of the accident and the home
of a driver, rider or casualty was estimated using the postcode of the person's home. The grid co-
ordinates of the "centre" of the postcode were obtained from the General Register Office for
Scotland's "postcode directory" file. These were taken as an approximation to the grid co-ordinates
of the person's home, and used in conjunction with the grid co-ordinates of the location of the
accident (as reported by the police) to estimate the distance. A similar approach was used in the
small proportion of cases where there was only the start of a postcode (eg the police might record
"EH10" if they knew that someone lived in Edinburgh 10, but they could not provide the full
postcode) or where only the postal district or postcode sector could be matched with the postcode
directory. A distance could not be estimated if the postcode were blank, coded "not known" or "non-
UK resident", did not contain a valid postal district, or were for a place outwith Scotland.
183
Annex D
Definitions Used In Road Accident Statistics
1. The definition of severity used in the Road Accident statistics
The classification of the severity of an accident (as fatal, serious or slight) is determined by the
severity of the injury to the most severely injured casualty. The police usually record this
information soon after the accident occurs. However, if further information becomes available which
would alter the classification (for example, if a person dies within 30 days of the accident, as a result
of the injuries sustained in the accident) the police change the initial classification of the severity.
For the purposes of the Road Accidents statistical returns:
a fatal injury is one which causes death less than 30 days after the accident;
a fatal accident is an accident in which at least one person is fatally injured;
a serious injury is one which does not cause death less than 30 days after the accident, and
which is in one (or more) of the following categories:
(a) an injury for which a person is detained in hospital as an in-patient
or (b) any of the following injuries (whether or not the person is detained in hospital):
fractures, concussion, internal injuries, crushings, severe cuts and lacerations, severe general shock
requiring treatment
or (c) any injury causing death 30 or more days after the accident;
a serious accident is one in which at least one person is seriously injured, but no-one suffers
a fatal injury;
a slight injury is any injury which is neither fatal nor serious - for example, a sprain,
bruise or cut which is not judged to be severe, or slight shock requiring roadside attention;
a slight accident is one in which at least one person suffers slight injuries, but no-one is
seriously injured, or fatally injured.
Over the years, improvements in vehicle design, and the provision and use of additional safety
features, together with changes in the law (eg on the fitting and wearing of seat belts), will all have
helped to reduce the severity of the injuries suffered in some accidents. Road safety measures should
also have reduced the levels of injuries sustained. For example, if traffic calming schemes reduce
average speeds, people may suffer only slight injury in collisions that previously would have taken
place at higher speeds and so might previously have resulted in serious injury.
However, it is also possible that some of the changes shown in the statistics of serious injuries and
slight injuries may be due to changes in administrative practices, which may have altered the
proportion of accidents which is categorised as serious. For example, the distinction between
serious and slight injuries could be affected by factors such as changes in hospitals admission
policies. All else being equal, the number of serious injury cases would rise, and the number of
slight injury cases would fall, if it became standard procedure for a hospital to keep in overnight,
for precautionary reasons, casualties with a particular type of injury. The increase in the number of
serious injury accidents in 1994 was partly attributed to a change in the health boards policies in
admitting more child casualties for overnight observation, which in turn changed the classification of
many injuries from slight to serious. The number of child casualties recorded as having serious
184
injuries in 1994 was 35% higher than in the previous year. There could also be changes in hospitals
procedures that would reduce the numbers of serious injury cases. In addition, there is anecdotal
evidence that changes in procedures for assigning severity codes may affect the categorisation of
injuries. For example, different severity codes might be assigned by a police officer who was at the
scene of an accident and by a clerk who bases the code on a police officers written description of the
accident.
2. Other definitions
Accident: The statistical returns include only those accidents which result in personal injury, which
occur on roads (including footways), in which a vehicle is concerned, and which become known to
the police. The vehicle need not be moving and it need not be in collision. The statistics are
therefore of injury road accidents only: damage-only accidents are not included in the figures.
Adults: People aged 16 and over.
Built-up roads: accidents which occur on built-up roads are those which occur on roads which
have speed limits of up to 40 miles per hour (ignoring temporary speed limits on roads for which the
normal speed limit is over 40mph). Therefore, an accident on a motorway in an urban area would
not be counted as occurring on a built-up road, because the speed limit on the motorway is 70mph.
An accident on a stretch of motorway with a temporary speed limit of 30mph would not be counted
as occurring on a built-up road, because the normal speed limit is 70mph.
Buses and coaches: Include works buses and (in past years) trams and trolley buses. Vehicles are
coded according to their construction, irrespective of their use at the time of the accident. Thus,
vehicles of bus construction which are privately licensed are included under buses and coaches,
while Public Service Vehicle licensed minibuses are included under minibuses.
Cars: Include estate cars and three-wheeled cars.
Casualty: A person killed or injured in an accident. One accident may give rise to several casualties.
Children: People under 16 years old.
Darkness: From half an hour after sunset to half an hour before sunrise, ie lighting-up time.
Drivers: Persons in control of vehicles other than pedal cycles and two-wheeled motor vehicles.
Goods vehicles: Vans, lorries, tankers, milk floats, tractor units travelling without their trailer units.
Heavy goods vehicles: From 1994, "heavy goods vehicles" have been defined as goods vehicles with
a maximum permissible gross vehicle weight of more than 3.5 tonnes. Prior to 1994, they were
defined as those with an unladen weight of more than 1.5 tons (1.52 tonnes).
Junction: A place at which two or more roads meet, whatever the angle of the axes of the roads
(including roundabouts), or within 20 metres of such a place.
Killed: Sustained injuries which caused death less than 30 days after the accident.
Light goods vehicles: From 1994, "light goods vehicles" have been defined as goods vehicles with a
maximum permissible gross vehicle weight of up to 3.5 tonnes. Prior to 1994, they were defined as
those with an unladen weight of 1.5 tons (1.52 tonnes) or less.
185
Major roads: Motorways and A roads.
Minor roads: B roads, C roads and unclassified roads.
Motor cycles: Includes all two wheeled motor vehicles.
Motorists: The drivers or riders of motor vehicles (including, for example, motorcyclists).
Motorways: Include A(M) roads.
Non built-up roads: Roads for which the normal speed limit (ignoring any temporary speed limits) is
more than 40mph.
Other vehicles: Include ambulances, fire engines, pedestrian-controlled vehicles with motors, railway
trains or engines, refuse vehicles, road rollers, tractors, excavators, mobile cranes, tower wagons,
army tanks, etc - and from 1999, motor caravans. Other non-motor vehicles include those drawn by
an animal, ridden horses, invalid carriages without motor, street barrows, etc.
Passengers: Occupants of vehicles, other than the person in control, including pillion passengers.
Pedal cycles: Including toy cycles ridden on the carriageway, tandems and tricycles. Pedal cyclists
includes any passengers of pedal cycles.
Pedestrians: Includes people riding toy cycles on the footway, people pushing bicycles, people
pushing or pulling other vehicles or operating pedestrian-controlled vehicles, those leading or
herding animals, occupants of prams or wheelchairs, and people who alight safely from vehicles and
are subsequently injured.
Riders: People in control of pedal cycles or two-wheeled motor vehicles.
Road users: Pedestrians and vehicle riders, drivers and passengers.
Trunk roads: Roads for whose upkeep Scottish Executive Ministers are responsible.
Users of a vehicle: All occupants, ie driver (or rider) and passengers, including persons injured while
boarding or alighting from the vehicle.
Vehicles involved in accidents: Any vehicle directly involved in an accident where at least one injury
is sustained by a pedestrian or vehicle driver, rider or passenger. Vehicles which collide after the
initial accident which caused injury are not included, unless they aggravate the degree of injury or
lead to further casualties.
186
Annex E
Local Government Reorganisation and the Trunk Road Network
1. Introduction
This Annex explains how statistics for the areas of the new Councils were produced for the period
prior to local government reorganisation on 1 April 1996. It then describes the trunk road network
the changes made to it then, and their effect on the statistics. The next section is about identifying
accidents which occurred prior to 1 April 1996 on the roads which formed the "post- 1 April 1996"
trunk road network, so that figures could be produced on a consistent basis pre- and post-1996.
Subsequent sections explain how the effect of the change for individual Council areas can be
assessed, how the 1994-98 averages for trunk roads and local authority roads were calculated, and
how accident and casualty rates for 1995 and earlier years were calculated. The final section
mentions how the statistics for some types of road in some areas may be affected by the opening of
new roads.
2. Local Government re-organisation
The reorganisation of local government established new Councils with effect from 1st April 1996, to
replace the former Regions, Districts and Island Areas. Statistics for the areas covered by the new
Councils for earlier years (back to 1981) were derived in three ways:
a. in the case of the former Island Areas, by allocating all the accidents which occurred in each
Island Area to the relevant Council.
b. in those cases where a whole District fell in a new Councils area, by allocating all the
accidents which occurred in that District to the area of the new Council.
c. in the case of accidents occurring in the five Districts which had major parts falling in several
new Councils areas, by a special exercise, which used the grid co-ordinates recorded for each
individual accident to allocate it to the area of one of the new Councils, using a computer mapping
system. This was successful for 99% of accidents for these five Districts, consistently over all years
from 1981. The remaining 1% of the accidents in the five Districts were assigned to the new Council
in which the majority of the Districts accidents fell. This should cause only a very small error
(considerably less than 1%) for any of the new Councils, in any year.
3. The Trunk Road Network
Trunk roads are those roads for whose upkeep Scottish Ministers are responsible. The Governments
view, when it reviewed the trunk road network in 1994, was that the trunk road network should:
a. provide the road user with a coherent and continuous system of routes which serve
destinations of importance to industry, commerce, agriculture and tourism;
b. define nationally important routes which will be developed in line with strategic national
transport demands; and
c. ensure that those roads which are of predominantly local importance are managed locally.
Currently, the trunk road network in Scotland consists of all the Motorways plus some (but not all) of
the A roads. In some cases, the trunk road network may include the whole of a particular road; in
other cases, only certain stretches of a road may be part of the trunk road network. For example,
only that part of the A7 which runs south of the junction with the A6091 near Galashiels is part of
the current trunk road network: the northern part is not a trunk road.
187
4. Changes to the trunk road network in April 1996, and their effect on the statistics
Following the review of the trunk road network, several changes were made with effect from 1st
April 1996 (coinciding with the reorganisation of local government). Some roads (or stretches of
road) which had previously been part of the trunk road network were transferred to local authority
control: examples include the A7 from near Edinburgh to near Galashiels, and the A91 from the M90
to St Andrews. Some roads which had previously been the responsibility of local authorities became
part of the new trunk road network: examples include the A720 Edinburgh City bypass east of the
M8 extension and the A95 from Aviemore to Keith. The overall result was that, on 1st April 1996,
about 214 miles of road ceased to be trunk road, and about 361 miles of road became trunk road.
Because of these changes to the trunk road network, the original figures for the numbers of accidents
which occurred on trunk roads before and after 1st April 1996 were on different bases, and a
comparison could be misleading. Comparisons of the figures for local authority roads could also be
misleading, particularly when one looked at the figures for the areas covered by certain Councils,
because they may relate to significantly different road networks before and after 1 April 1996.
5. Identifying accidents which occurred before April 1996 on the roads which formed the
"post- 1 April 1996" trunk road network, to enable comparison of the numbers before and
after 1996
In order to get figures for some of the years before 1996 which were on the basis of the "post- 1
April 1996" road network, a special exercise was undertaken. This identified, from among the
accidents which took place between 1st January 1992 and 31st March 1996, those which occurred on
the stretches of road which form the new trunk road network (i.e. the trunk road network that took
effect from 1st April 1996). As a result, the information that is available in the Transport Statistics
branch database enables figures to be produced for the numbers of road accidents on trunk roads, and
on local authority roads, using the following definitions of the status of the road:
a. status at the time of the accident - these figures are available for all years
b. status in terms of the old network - available up to 31 March 1996 only
c. status in terms of the new network - available for all years from 1992
It should be noted that the definitions under (b) and (c) above should, strictly speaking, be expanded:
i. For accidents which occurred before 31st March 1996, (b) is actually the status at the time of
the accident (rather than the status at 31 March 1996): the two will differ in the case of any roads
whose status changed before 31 March 1996. For example, if a road ceased to be a trunk road on
(say) 15 May 1994, then definition (b) would show it as a trunk road for accidents before that date,
and would show it as a local authority road thereafter.
ii. For accidents which occurred after 1st April 1996, (c) is actually the status at the time of the
accident (rather than the status at 1 April 1996): the two will differ in the case of any roads whose
status changed after 1 April 1996. For example, if a road ceased to be a trunk road on (say) 8 July
1996, then definition (c) would show it as a trunk road for accidents before that date, and would
show it as a local authority road thereafter.
6. Assessing the effect of the "April 1996" changes on the figures for trunk roads and for
local authority roads, for individual local authority areas
Because data for 1992 to 1995 are available both on the basis of the old trunk road network and on
the basis of the new trunk road network, one can see the extent of the change in the number of
accidents on the trunk road network that was caused by the transfer of roads (or stretches of roads)
between the trunk road network and the local authority road network. Similarly, one can compare
188
the figures on the two bases for the local authority road network to see the extent of the change in the
total number of accidents on that network that was caused by the transfers.
1992-95 averages on both bases were included in, for example, Tables 4 and 40(c) of "Road
Accidents Scotland 2000". The figures in the first of these tables showed that the "April 1996"
changes had little effect on the trunk road network's overall share of the total number of accidents in
Scotland as a whole. However, the figures in the second table showed that the changes did have a
noticeable effect on the trunk road network's share in some parts of Scotland. For example, the
1992-95 annual average number of casualties, on all types of road, in the area which is now covered
by Highland Council was 1,079. Of these, an average of 423 (39%) occurred on the roads which
formed the "pre- 1 April 1996" trunk road network, and 495 (46%) occurred on the roads which
formed the "post- 1 April 1996" trunk road network. Therefore, the "April 1996" changes could have
a noticeable effect on the 1994-98 averages for trunk roads and local authority major roads for some
local authority areas.
7. Calculating 1994-98 averages for trunk roads and for local authority roads
For the purpose of calculating the 1994-98 averages for trunk roads and for local authority roads for
each local authority area, accidents which occurred before April 1996 have been counted on the basis
of whether they occurred on roads which were part of the post- 1 April 1996 trunk road network.
For consistency, the same approach has been used to calculate the 1994-98 averages for each type of
road for Scotland as a whole.
8. Calculation of accident rates for 1995 and earlier years, and the 1994-98 average
accident rate, for trunk roads and for local authority roads, for Table 5 in the previous
edition
In the previous edition, the accident rates for 1995 and earlier years, and the 1994-98 average
accident rates, which were shown in Table 5, were affected by an inconsistency between the basis of
the numbers of accidents on trunk roads and local authority roads, and the basis of the estimated
volumes of road traffic on such roads. As in other tables, accidents which occurred before April
1996 were counted on the basis of whether the road was part of the "post- 1 April 1996" trunk road
network. However, the Department for Transport's traffic estimates for 1995 and earlier years that
were available at that time were produced on the basis of the road network as it stood in each year,
and so were not estimates of traffic on the roads that make up the "post- 1 April 1996" trunk road
network. In the previous edition, the trunk road accident rates for 1995 and earlier years were
calculated by dividing the numbers of accidents in each year on the "post- 1 April 1996" trunk road
network by the traffic estimates for the trunk road network as it stood in that year. Therefore, the
numerator and denominator were on different bases. A similar inconsistency affected the calculation
of the accident rates for local authority roads for 1995 and earlier years.
The 1994-98 averages for trunk roads and for local authority roads were also affected by an
inconsistency, because the accident numbers for 1994 and 1995 which were used in their calculation
were on a different basis from the traffic figures for those years. As a result, the estimated 1994-98
average accident rates for trunk roads and local authority roads could be less reliable for those areas
where the "April 1996" changes had the largest effect (in terms of the proportion of the total amount
of traffic on major roads that was accounted for by the roads concerned). It follows that the 1994-98
averages shown in the previous editions Table 5(c) for different Police Force areas were only a
broad guide to the relative levels of accident rates in different parts of Scotland in that period.
189
9. Calculation of accident and casualty rates for 1995 and earlier years, and the 1994-98
average accident and casualty rates, for trunk roads and for local authority roads, for Tables 5
and 41 in this edition
In this edition, Table 5 provides accident rates for 1995 and earlier years and the 1994-98 average
accident rates, and Table 41 provides casualty rates for 1994, 1995 and the 1994-98 average casualty
rates, for trunk roads and local authority roads. These figures are not affected by the inconsistency
described in section 8: the numbers of accidents and casualties on such roads are on more-or-less the
same basis as the estimated volumes of road traffic.
As in other tables which provide figures for trunk roads and local authority roads, accidents (and
casualties) which occurred before April 1996 are counted on the basis of whether the road was part
of the "post- 1 April 1996" trunk road network. As was explained in section 4 of the Introduction,
the Department for Transport's traffic estimates for trunk roads for 1995 and earlier years now
classify roads on the basis of their trunk road status at a recent date, and so the DfT estimates of
the volume of traffic on trunk roads now relate more-or-less to the roads that make up the "post- 1
April 1996" trunk road network (there may be differences in cases where the trunk road status of a
stretch of road has changed since April 1996, but the effect of these will not be great as there have
been no major transfers). Therefore, the numerator and denominator are on more-or-less the same
basis, so the calculated rates for individual years, and the 1994-98 averages, for trunk roads and for
local authority roads, are not affected by the inconsistency described in section 8.
However, please note that (as was explained in section 4 of the Introduction) the DfT traffic
estimates provide only a rough indication of the likely volume of traffic on local authority roads in
each Council area so the casualty rates in Table 41, which were calculated using these estimates,
provide only broad indications of the likely level of casualty rates in each area.
10. How the statistics for some types of road in some areas may be affected by the opening
of new roads
Finally, it should be noted that analysis by type of road does not take account of changes in the
numbers of accidents which result from traffic transferring from one kind of road to another when a
new road opens. For example, when a new road is built, the majority of the traffic which uses it may
be traffic that previously used another road. In some cases (eg when a motorway is constructed to
replace an existing trunk road) the original road which carried the traffic may cease to be a trunk
road when the new road opens, because the new road replaces it as a trunk road. However, the
records of the accidents which occurred on the original road will continue to show that they occurred
on the original road: they will not be amended to be counted against the new road. In such a case,
when the statistics are analysed on the basis of the new networks, those accidents which occurred on
the original road will be counted as occurring on what is now part of the new local authority road
network, and those accidents which occurred on the new road will be counted as occurring on the
new trunk road network. When one looks at series of figures for the new networks for a number of
years, which span the year of the change, the figures for the new local authority network would fall,
and the figures for the new trunk road network might rise, in the year in which the new road was
opened, because of the transfer of traffic from the original road (which was a trunk road then, but is
now part of the local authority road network) to the new road (which is part of the new trunk road
network).
190
Annex F
Frequency of use of values of most STATS 19 variables: 2002
This annex lists most of the "Stats 19" variables, showing the values which were used in the returns for the latest year
and the number of times each was used. Variables such as "grid reference" and " road number" are not listed,
because they have many possible values.
Attendant circumstances variables
Police Force Speed Limit Road Type
Northern 744 10 2 Roundabout 529
Grampian 1,143 15 2 One way street 401
Tayside 1,168 20 49 Dual two lanes 1,525
Fife 740 30 8,451 Dual three plus lanes 458
Lothian & Borders 3,050 40 679 Single track 445
Central 742 50 368 Single two lanes 10,099
Strathclyde 6,304 60 3,995 Single three lanes 176
Dumfries & Galloway 426 70 771 Single four plus lanes 584
Unknown 100
Month Junction Control
January 1,160 Not at or near junction 7,218 Pedestrian Crossing - Physical Facilities
February 1,130 Authorised person 21 None within 50 metres 12,414
March 1,129 Automatic traffic signal 1,163 Zebra 107
April 1,038 Stop sign 150 Pelican 766
May 1,172 Give way 3,974 Pedestrian phase at lights 911
June 1,155 Uncontrolled 1,791 Central refuge 98
July 1,191 Footbridge or subway 21
August 1,386 Weather Conditions
September 1,160 Fine 10,373 Junction Detail
October 1,304 Raining 2,840 Not at or within 20 metres 7,214
November 1,276 Snowing 84 Roundabout 778
December 1,216 Fine high winds 266 Mini Roundabout 58
Raining high winds 345 T or staggered junction 4,136
Severity of Accident Snowing high winds 44 Slip Road 249
Fatal 275 Fog mist 63 Crossroads 1,125
Serious 2,669 Other 200 Multiple junction 147
Slight 11,373 Unknown 102 Private drive 223
Other junction 387
Local Authority First road class
Aberdeen City 391 Motorway 430 Road Surface Conditions
Aberdeenshire 582 A(m) 37 Dry 7,536
Angus 363 A 6,210 Wet or damp 6,248
Argyll & Bute 289 B 1,903 Snow 120
Clackmannanshire 96 C 717 Frost or ice 325
Dumfries & Galloway 426 Unclassified 5,020 Flood over 3cm deep 37
Dundee City 359 Oil or diesel 35
East Ayrshire 313 Second road class Mud 16
East Dunbartonshire 224 Not at or near junction 7,266
East Lothian 224 Motorway 64 Special Conditions at site
East Renfrewshire 132 A(m) 3 None 14,029
Edinburgh, City of 1,654 A 811 Auto traffic signal out 32
Eilean Siar 48 B 442 Auto traffic signal partly defective 7
Falkirk 342 C 321 Road sign defective/obscured 29
Fife 740 Unclassified 5,410 Road works 159
Glasgow City 2,131 Road surface defective 61
Highland 628 Light Conditions
Inverclyde 197 Daylight street lights present 6,518 Carriageway hazards
Midlothian 230 Daylight no street lights present 3,405 None 13,807
Moray 170 Daylight street lights present unknown 244 Vehicle load in carriageway 17
North Ayrshire 330 Darkness street lights present and lit 2,776 Other object in carriageway 221
North Lanarkshire 803 Darkness street lights present and unlit 146 Involved previous accident 49
Orkney Islands 40 Darkness no street lights 1,171 Dog in carriageway 19
Perth & Kinross 446 Darkness street lights present unknown 57 Other animal in carriageway 204
Renfrewshire 479
Scottish Borders 450 Pedestrian Crossing - Human Control Place Reported
Shetland Islands 28 None within 50 metres 14,126 At scene 8,501
South Ayrshire 299 School crossing patrol 46 Elsewhere 5,816
South Lanarkshire 864 Other authorised person 145
Stirling 304
West Dunbartonshire 243
West Lothian 492
191
Vehicle variables
Police Force Manoeuvres Hit object off carriageway
Northern 1,190 Unknown 10 Unknown 12
Grampian 1,913 Reversing 337 None 21,203
Tayside 1,927 Parked 820 Road sign traffic signal 176
Fife 1,316 Waiting to go ahead/held up 1,755 Lamp post 252
Lothian & Borders 5,106 Stopping 748 Telegraph pole electricity pole 91
Central 1,254 Starting 212 Tree 349
Strathclyde 10,705 U turn 171 Bus stop bus shelter 21
Dumfries & Galloway 694 Turning left 542 Central crash barrier 151
Waiting to turn left 107 Nearside or offside crash barrier 221
Month Turning right 1,810 Submerged in water 4
January 1,971 Waiting to turn right 425 Entered ditch 269
February 1,875 Changing lane left 134 Other permanent object 1,356
March 1,904 Changing lane rght 177
April 1,705 Overtaking moving vehicle offside 445 First point of impact
May 2,045 Overtaking stationery vehicle offside 227 Unknown 14
June 1,956 Overtaking nearside 134 None 1,440
July 2,011 Ahead left hand bend 1,456 Front 12,696
August 2,337 Ahead right hand bend 1,466 Back 3,865
September 1,921 Ahead other 13,129 Offside 3,248
October 2,184 Nrside 2,842
November 2,131 Other vehicle hit
December 2,065 0 10,063 Towing and Articulation
1 5,260 Unknown 12
Breath test 2 7,854 No towing or articulation 23,607
Not applicable 249 3 705 Articulated vehicle 302
Positive 459 4 170 Double or multiple trailer 11
Negative 14,204 5 42 Caravan 19
Not requested 4,733 6 10 Single trailer 125
Refused to provide 50 8 1 Other tow 29
Driver not contacted 3,599
Not provided (medical) 811 Junction location of vehicle at first impact Hit and run
Unknown 11 Other 22,858
Sex of driver Not at or within 20 metres 11,531 Hit run 1,062
Male 16,406 Approaching or parked at junction 4,716 Non-stop vehicle, not hit 185
Female 6,663 Vehicle mid-junction 5,641
Not traced 1,036 Cleared junction or parked at exit 1,483 Vehicle movement from
No impact 723 Unknown 11
Vehicle Reference Number 0 781
1 14,317 Skidding and overtaking North 5,393
2 8,181 Unknown 11 North east 347
3 1,224 None 19,450 East 5,416
4 278 Skidding 3,136 South east 311
5 81 Skid overturned 774 South 5,612
6 20 Jacknifed 25 South west 368
7 2 Jacknifed and overturned 8 West 5,558
8 2 Overturned 701 North west 308
Type of Vehicle Hit object in carriageway Vehicle movement to
Unknown 61 Unknown 12 Unknown 11
Pedal cycle 853 None 23,120 0 909
Moped 116 Previous accident 32 North 5,428
Motor cycle to 125cc 171 Road works 6 North east 365
Motor cycle over 125cc 909 Parked vehicle - lit 114 East 5,611
Taxi 499 Parked vehicle - unlit 268 South east 346
Car 18,162 Bridge - roof 13 South 5,343
Minibus (8-16 passengers) 115 Bridge - side 33 South west 372
Bus/coach (17 or more passengers) 1,057 Bollard/refuge 58 West 5,400
Other motor vehicle 232 Open door of vehicle 12 North west 320
Other non-motor vehicle 15 Central island rnbt 23
Ridden horse 6 Kerb 210
Agricultural vehicle 60 Other object 204
Goods to 3.5 tonnes mgw 853
Goods 3.5 tonnes to 7.5tonnes mgw 365 Vehicle leaving carriageway
Goods 7.5 tonnes mgw and over 631 Unknown 11
Did not leave c'way 20,284
Left c'way nearside 1,871
Left c'way nearside rebound 289
Left c'way ahead junction 108
Left c'way offside onto central reservation 96
Left c'way offside onto central res & rebound 84
Left c'way offside and crossed central res 42
Left c'way offside 1,133
Left c'way offside and rebounded 187
192
Parts damaged 1
Age of
driver
Age of
driver
Blank 40 Unknown 795 53 304
None 3,732 0 44 54 301
Front 11,267 4 2 55 344
Back 3,213 5 14 56 277
Offside 2,333 6 15 57 237
Nrside 1,753 7 21 58 243
Roof 193 8 22 59 200
Underside 50 9 26 60 182
All four sides 1,524 10 35 61 168
11 32 62 177
Parts damaged 2 12 45 63 161
Blank 19,716 13 37 64 131
None 70 14 32 65 135
Front 413 15 32 66 113
Back 606 16 101 67 112
Offside 1,756 17 382 68 83
Nrside 1,062 18 573 69 86
Roof 206 19 592 70 88
Underside 156 20 600 71 92
All four sides 120 21 571 72 71
22 555 73 65
Parts damaged 3 23 473 74 62
Blank 23,158 24 440 75 61
None 45 25 517 76 59
Front 23 26 460 77 54
Back 42 27 465 78 41
Offside 118 28 514 79 39
Nrside 424 29 507 80 46
Roof 115 30 1,040 81 26
Underside 104 31 583 82 35
All four sides 76 32 589 83 14
33 551 84 16
Vehicle location - Road 34 557 85 13
Unknown 11 35 918 86 15
Leaving main road 878 36 578 87 8
Entering main road 674 37 541 88 7
On main road 21,941 38 598 89 4
On minor road 601 39 585 90 5
40 674 91 1
Vehicle location - Lane 41 480 92 5
Unknown 13 42 530 93 1
On main carriageway 23,773 43 459 94 2
Tram light rail track 27 44 459 95 1
Bus lane 105 45 460 99 2
Busway 43 46 423
Cycle lane 13 47 390
Cycleway 1 48 353
On lay-by hard shoulder 41 49 360
Entering lay-by hard shoulder 13 50 359
Leaving lay-by hard shoulder 10 51 335
Footway 66 52 294
193
Casualty variables
Police Force Pedestrian direction
Northern 1,108 Unknown 15,950
Grampian 1,532 Pedestrian standing still 330
Tayside 1,583 Heading North 798
Fife 1,080 Heading North East 35
Lothian & Borders 3,923 Heading East 650
Central 988 Heading South East 33
Strathclyde 8,446 Heading South 728
Dumfries & Galloway 588 Heading South West 30
Heading West 663
Month Heading North West 31
January 1,491
February 1,502 Casualty Class
March 1,532 Driver or rider 10,249
April 1,362 Passenger - vehicle/pillion 5,690
May 1,602 Pedestrian 3,309
June 1,646
July 1,706 Pedestrian location
August 1,886 Not pedestrian 15,939
September 1,540 In carriageway, crossing pedestrian crossing 245
October 1,728 In carriageway, crossing in zig zag crossing approach 18
November 1,635 In carriageway, crossing in zig zag crossing exit 9
December 1,618 In carriageway crossing elsewhere within 50 metres 285
In carriageway crossing elsewhere 1,846
Sex of casualty Footway or verge 228
Unknown 13 On refuge, central island or central reservation 32
Male 11,071 Centre carriageway not refuge, central island or reservation 236
Female 8,164 In carriageway not crossing 301
Unknown other 109
Road user
Pedestrian 3,309 Pedestrian movement
Pedal cycle 828 Not pedestrian 15,939
Motor cycle 1,164 Crossing driver nearside 1,216
Car 11,822 Crossing driver nearside mskd 372
Taxi 248 Crossing driver offside 801
Minibus 114 Crossing driver offside masked 213
Bus/Coach 859 In carriageway stationary not crossing 211
Light goods vehicle 390 In carriageway stationary not crossing masked 35
Heavy goods vehicle 369 Walking in carriageway facing traffic 64
Other 145 Walking in carriageway back to traffic 98
Unknown 299
Severity of casualty
Killed 305 Car passenger
Serious 3,213 Not car passenger 14,544
Slight 15,730 Front seat car passenger 3,024
Rear seat car passenger 1,680
Bus or coach passenger
Not psv passenger 18,422 Vehicle Reference Number
Boarding 42 1 11,639
Alighting 96 2 7,049
Standing passenger 229 3 451
Seated passenger 459 4 82
5 24
School pupil casualty 6 3
All other casualties 18,622
Pupil to/from school 626
194
Age of
casualty
Age of
casualty
Casualty
Reference
Number
Unknown 50 48 215 1 14,317
0 7 49 210 2 3,131
1 50 50 230 3 1,031
2 64 51 205 4 399
3 90 52 177 5 163
4 143 53 179 6 68
5 146 54 196 7 35
6 155 55 200 8 20
7 182 56 183 9 14
8 211 57 152 10 9
9 198 58 152 11 7
10 242 59 141 12 5
11 246 60 145 13 5
12 301 61 104 14 4
13 249 62 110 15 4
14 247 63 92 16 4
15 214 64 101 17 3
16 355 65 128 18 3
17 518 66 90 19 3
18 613 67 94 20 3
19 571 68 78 21 2
20 546 69 97 22 2
21 524 70 89 23 2
22 455 71 96 24 2
23 378 72 80 25 1
24 346 73 81 26 1
25 346 74 90 27 1
26 324 75 77 28 1
27 381 76 82 29 1
28 332 77 67 30 1
29 325 78 65 31 1
30 502 79 58 32 1
31 388 80 73 33 1
32 369 81 57 34 1
33 363 82 53 35 1
34 305 83 39 36 1
35 417 84 21
36 365 85 38
37 334 86 21
38 353 87 30
39 343 88 17
40 352 89 12
41 301 90 13
42 334 91 6
43 238 92 8
44 271 93 1
45 247 94 6
46 234 99 1
47 263
195
Index
Index of tables (Statistical Tables section)
Sub-themes Main Theme Years Table
Number
Accidents by severity and road class Accidents 1994-98 and 1998-2002 ave, 1993-2002 5a
Accident rates by police force area (traffic) Accidents 1994-98 and 1998-2002 ave 5c
Accident rates by road class (traffic) Accidents 1994-98 and 1998-2002 ave, 1993-2001 5b
Accident rates on local authority A roads (traffic) Accidents 1994-98 and 1998-2002 ave 5c
Accident rates on trunk roads (traffic) Accidents 1994-98 and 1998-2002 ave 5c
Accidents Historic Series 1966 to 2002 1
Accidents by severity Historic Series 1970 to 2002 2
Accidents involving illegal alcohol levels Drink Drive 1994-98 & 1996-00, 1990 to 2000 22
Adult casualties by day of week Casualties 1998-2002 ave 30
Adult casualties by mode of transport Casualties 1994-98 ave, 2002 24
Adult casualties by mode of transport Casualties 1998-2002 ave 28
Adult casualties by month Casualties 1998-2002 ave 29
Adult casualties by time of day Casualties 1998-2002 ave 28
Adult casualties by weekdays/weekend Casualties 1998-2002 ave 28
Adult pedestrian crossing details Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-02, 1998 to 2002 35
Age and sex of drivers Car drivers 1994-98 & 1998-02, 1998 to 2002 18
Age groups (broad) Casualties 1994-98 ave, 2002 24
Age groups (detailed) Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-02, 1998 to 2002 31
Age groups (detailed) Population 1994-98 & 1998-02, 1998 to 2002 31
Age groups within casualty class Casualties 1998-2002 ave 34
Age of driver Car drivers 1998-2002 ave 17
Breath tests and results by day and time Drivers breath 1998-2002 ave 20
Breath tests and results by police force Drivers breath 1994-98 & 1998-02 ave, 1998 to 2002 19
Breath tests and results by time of day Drivers breath 1994-98 & 1998-02 ave, 1998 to 2002 21
Casualties Historic Series 1953 to 2002 1
Casualties by severity Historic Series 1938 to 2002 2
Casualties, Killed & Serious by council and road type Casualties 1994-98 & 1998- 2002 ave, 1994-2002 40
Casualty class Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 26
Casualty class by age group Casualties 1998-2002 ave 34
Casualty rates by age group Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 31
Casualties in accidents which involved illegal alcohol levels Drink-drive 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 22
Casualties Slight & slight casualty rate by LA Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 to 2002 41
Casualties Killed or seriously injured Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 to 2002 42
Casualties Slight & slight casualty rate by police force Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 to 2002 42
Child casualties by day of week Casualties 1998-2002 ave 30
Child casualties by mode of transport Casualties 1994-98 ave, 2002 24
Child casualties by mode of transport Casualties 1998-2002 ave 27
Child casualties by month Casualties 1998-2002 ave 29
Child casualties by time of day Casualties 1998-2002 ave 27
Child casualties by weekdays/weekend Casualties 1998-2002 ave 27
Child Killed & Serious casualties by council and road type Casualties 1994-98 & 1998- 2002 ave, 1994-2002 40
Child pedal cycle Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 25
Child pedestrian Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 25
Child pedestrian crossing details Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 35
Child Killed or seriously injured Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 to 2002 42
Cost per accident by element of cost Accident costs 2002 10
Cost per accident by road type Accident costs 2002 11
Cost per casualty by severity (GB) Accident costs 2002 9
Costs - total accidents costs for Scotland Accident costs 1992 to 2002 12
Council by severity Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 36
Council by road type Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 36
Council by severity Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 2002 37
Day of week Casualties 1998-2002 ave 30
Distance between home of driver/rider and accident Drivers and riders 2002 16
Distance between home of casualty and accident Casualties 2002 39
196
Drink drive accidents and casualties Drink-drive 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 22
Driver/Rider by mode of motor transport Casualties 1994-98 ave, 1998 to 2002 26
Junction detail Accidents 1998-2002 ave 8
Light condition Accidents 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 7
Local authority roads Accidents 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 4
Local authority roads by month Accidents 1998-2002 ave 6
Local authority roads by council Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 36
Manoeuvre by type of vehicle Vehicles involved 1998-2002 ave 14
Manoeuvre by age of driver Car drivers 1998-2002 ave 17
Manoeuvre by type of accident Cars involved 1998-2002 ave 15
Mode of motor transport by casualty class Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 26
Mode of transport (casualty rates) Casualties 1998-2002 ave 32
Mode of transport and severity Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 23
Mode of transport by age group Casualties 1994-1998 ave, 2002 24
Mode of transport by age groups Casualties 1998-2002 ave 32
Older adults (60+) by mode of transport Casualties 1994-98 ave, 2002 24
Passenger/pillion Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 26
Pedal cycle Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 25
Pedestrian crossing details Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 35
Pedestrians Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 25
Pedestrians by council Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 2002 38
Pedestrians by police force area Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 2002 38
Police force area Accidents 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 3
Police force area by severity Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 37
Police force by breath test results Drivers breath 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 19
Population Historic Series 1953 to 2002 1
Population estimates by age groups (detailed) Population 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 31
Road class Accidents 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 - 2002 5a
Road lengths Historic Series 1955 to 2002 1
Road surface condition Accidents 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 7
Sex by age group Casualties 1998-2002 ave 34
Sex of drivers Car drivers 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 18
Speed limit Casualties 1998-2002 ave 33
Traffic on all roads Historic Series 1985 to 2002 1
Traffic volumes (estimates) by trunk & LA roads Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 -2002 41
Traffic volumes (estimates) Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 -2002 42
Trunk roads Accidents 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 4
Trunk roads by month Accidents 1998-2002 ave 6
Trunk roads by council Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 36
Type of vehicle involved Vehicles involved 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1998 to 2002 13
Vehicles involved Historic Series 1969 to 2002 1
Vehicles licensed Historic Series 1962 to 2002 1
Volume of traffic (estimated) Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 to 2002 41
Volume of traffic (estimated) Casualties 1994-98 & 1998-2002 ave, 1994 to 2002 42
Young persons by mode of transport Casualties 1994-98 ave, 2002 24
197
Statistics Provided in More Detail in Previous Editions
Accidents by road type Chart (1993 edition page 19)
Accident rates by road type (1) Scotland, England and Wales (1993 edition pages 20, 21)
(2) Regions of Scotland (1993 edition pages 22, 23)
(3) Accident rates based on "4 rate" average (traffic, population,
vehicles licensed, road length) by Region of Scotland (1993 edition
pages 24 to 27)
Accidents by time of day and day of week 1993 edition pages 28, 29, 86, 87
1994 edition pages 11, 36, 37
Accidents by month and light condition 1993 edition pages 30 to 33
Accidents by time of day, season and road condition 1993 edition pages 34 to 36
1994 edition pages 38 to 39
Accidents by time of day, season and severity 1993 edition pages 36, 37
1994 edition pages 40, 41
Accidents by light condition and severity 1996 edition pages 38,39
Accidents by road condition Scotland, Great Britain 1993 edition pages 38, 39
Accidents by road condition and severity 1996 edition pages 42,43
Vehicles involved in accidents 1993 edition page 41
Casualties: going to/from school 1993 edition page 57
Pedestrian Casualties by month and light condition 1993 edition page 59
Pedestrian casualties by time of day and light condition 1993 edition pages 60, 61
Pedestrian/non-pedestrian casualties by age and severity 1996 edition pages 92,93
Accidents by junction detail and severity 2000 edition pages 60, 61
Care drivers involved in accidents by age of driver and
type of accident 2000 edition pages 76, 77
Vehicles involved by type 2000 edition pages 66, 67
198
ERRORS IN THE PREVIOUS EDITION
We are pleased to say that no errors have been found in the statistics that were published in the
previous edition.
As mentioned in the Introduction, the statistics given here for 2001 and earlier years may differ
slightly from the previously published figures for those years, due to (e.g.) Police Forces submitting
late returns, and revisions to returns which had been made earlier. However, such changes are not
regarded as corrections to errors in the previous edition, because the tables and charts in the
previous edition had been prepared correctly from the underlying data as they stood at that time.
199
SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS
The Scottish Executive publishes a series of reports and research summaries based on road safety research.
Research Findings, Full Reports and further information about social research in the Scottish Executive may
be viewed on the Internet at: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/socialresearch The Reports may be purchased
from The Stationery Office Bookshop - contact details appear towards the foot of the page on Scottish
Executive Transport Statistics publications.
Information about the reports published between 1998 and 2003 is given in:
Review of The Scottish Executive Road Safety Research Programme 1998-2003: 2003 Price 5.00
Information about the reports published between January 1989 and August 1997 is given in:
Review of The Scottish Office Road Safety Research Programme 1989-97: 1997 Price 2.50
For each research project described or listed below copies of the Research Findings (a short paper which sets
out the main findings), can be obtained, free on request, from:
The Scottish Executive
Social Research
Area 1F (Dockside)
Victoria Quay
Edinburgh EH6 6QQ
Tel: 0131-244 7560
The following reports were published between October 2001 and September 2002:
Evaluation of the West Lothian Driver Improvement Scheme Price 5.00
Road Safety and Social Inclusion Price 5.00
Why do Parents Drive their Children to School? Price 5.00
Management of Work-related Road Safety Price 5.00
Child Accidents en route to and from School Price 5.00
Key Findings of Research Reports published since October 2002:
Evaluation of Drug Driving TV Advert
The Scottish Executive and the Scottish Road Safety Campaign commissioned NFO Social Research to carry out an
evaluation of a recent TV advert aimed at discouraging people from driving under the influence of drugs ('drug driving').
The research consisted of a series of questions in the Scottish Opinion Survey (SOS), a series of qualitative interviews
with 17-24 year old drivers and a quota survey of a sample of current Scottish drivers.
Key Findings:
Awareness of advertising and publicity on drugs and driving was high
Understanding of the key messages of the advert was generally good
There was, however, some evidence that the overall impact of the advert was undermined by doubts about
the credibility of the enforcement message.
The qualitative research suggested that some aspects of the style and content of the advert may also have
limited the impact on younger drivers.
Most participants found the first half of the advert amusing, but there was some debate amongst
respondents over whether the second half had as much impact on viewers.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.02003 Price 5.00
200
Evaluation of Bikesafe Scotland
The Scottish Executive and the Scottish Road Safety Campaign commissioned NFO Social Research to evaluate
Bikesafe Scotland (a multi-agency initiative aimed at reducing the number and severity of crashes involving
motorcyclists in Scotland). The research involved a before-and-after survey of motorcyclists who took part in the
Bikesafe Scotland Assessed Ride programme, a survey of people who took part in Bikesafe in 2001, a desk-based
analysis of trends in motorcycle accidents in Scotland and a series of in-depth telephone interviews with representatives
from the organisations involved in running Bikesafe Scotland and with stakeholders from the motorcycle industry.
Key findings:
The number of motorcyclists killed or injured on Scotland's roads fell in the early 1990s but has increased
again since 1997. Older motorcyclists, aged over 30, account for an increasing proportion of casualties.
Approximately 1,769 assessed rides have been carried out in the three years since the launch of Bikesafe
Scotland in 2000. The scheme does seem to be successful in attracting 'vulnerable' groups of
motorcyclists, such as those aged over 30 years and riders who passed their test through the Direct
Access scheme.
The research shows that participants find the Bikesafe Assessed Ride programme useful, and that
participating has a beneficial impact in terms of improving participants' control and encouraging them to
ride defensively.
There was evidence to suggest that some participants may be riding faster in some situations after taking
part in Bikesafe. It may be that some participants are engaging in 'risk compensation' - they feel that they
have become better riders, and are therefore better equipped to ride at speed.
It was suggested that Bikesafe might be improved by focusing on attitudes to riding, and by further
promotion of the advanced training message by Bikesafe organisers.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.00
Evaluation of the Childrens Traffic Club in Scotland: New Nursery & Playgroup Pack
The Scottish Executive and the Scottish Road Safety Campaign commissioned ODS Ltd. to carry out an evaluation of the
Children's Traffic Club in Scotland (CTCS) revised Nursery and Playgroup Pack launched in November 2001. The aim
of the evaluation was to assess the use and impact of the educational resource pack and any effect it might have in raising
awareness of the CTCS
Key findings:
The Pack has had a significant effect in raising or reinforcing awareness of the Children's Traffic Club in
Scotland among nursery staff, children and with parents, though its actual effects on Club membership
are unknown.
The Pack format and content are well regarded, considered attractive and useful.
Nurseries have integrated the Pack into a wide range of road safety activities and used it to complement
and reinforce them.
Use of the Pack seemed to be influenced by the extent to which nursery staff had been briefed or trained
in its use and familiarised, even briefly, with its contents.
Generally, individual nurseries determined the format and approaches to road safety education and there
was relatively little intervention on the part of pre 5s advisers in this area of activity.
Examples of Good Practice included: training and briefing nurseries on the use of the Pack, linking the
use of the Pack to road safety events, integrating use of the Pack within wider personal safety education,
and raising parental awareness.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.00
201
The Speeding Driver: Who, Why and How?
The Scottish Executive and the Scottish Road Safety Campaign commissioned research to follow up previous studies in
1991, 1994 and 1996 on the causes and consequences of speeding. The study consisted of: a review of national and
international literature; focus groups with different types of speeding driver; interviews with crash-involved drivers; a
review of recent anti-speeding campaigns and initiatives in Scotland; an analysis of a sample of police records of
speeding offences; and an extensive household survey of over 1,000 Scottish car drivers.
Key findings
Over the last decade the proportion of Scottish drivers speeding in built up areas has decreased, while the
proportion of respondents speeding in 70 mph zones has increased
Scottish drivers attitudes to speed limits have remained largely unchanged. However there is significant
support for engineering measures to reduce speed in residential areas
The proportion of Scottish motorists who had seen speed cameras rose from 54% to 96%, with public
support for camera enforcement falling slightly
Most speeding offences occurred on built up roads, offending levels were highest during the weekday
inter-peak period
Young males were most likely to offend and be the subject of Police reports for excessive speed
Comparison with the 1996 study suggested that the percentage of non-manual occupation drivers caught
speeding has almost halved, while the percentage of manual unskilled and unemployed drivers caught
speeding has increased.
For male drivers, the more likely they were to speed on different types of road, the more likely they were
to have recently been involved in a crash whilst driving.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.00
External-to-Vehicle Driver Distraction
The Scottish Executive commissioned a literature review on driver distraction to explore in more depth whether external
driver distraction is a significant factor in road accidents and to examine existing knowledge and gaps on the relevant
external factors that cause vehicle accidents, with a view to identifying where further research might be carried out.
Key findings
Information from accident databases suggests that external-to-vehicle driver distraction is a major
contributory factor to road accidents. However it is likely that these incidents are under-reported. The real
risks may therefore be greater than official statistics suggest.
The evidence suggests that there are two specific situations where the risk factor of billboards and signs is
at its highest: at junctions, and on long monotonous roads (such as motorways).
There is overwhelming evidence that advertisements and signs placed near junctions can function as
distractors, and that this constitutes a major threat to road safety. It is also likely that drivers can become
distracted by lights or billboards on long 'boring' stretches of road.
Overall the literature review found that advertising/billboards can function as distractors in specific
situations. However, more research is needed to discover in what particular situations they pose most of a
threat, and the precise extent of the risk.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.00
202
Changing Speeding Behaviour in Scotland: An Evaluation of FOOLSSPEED Campaign
The Scottish Executive and the DTLR commissioned an evaluation of the Foolsspeed advertising campaign (designed to
reduce urban speeding in Scotland) to assess how well it communicated with drivers in Scotland and its impact on the
psychological factors which encourage drivers to speed.
Key findings
The Foolsspeed advertising campaign elements - logo, name and three 40-second television ads -
generated high levels of spontaneous and prompted awareness.
All three ads were liked, felt to be easy to understand and not to 'talk down to' the audience.
Respondents who were frequent speeders were more likely than infrequent speeders to indicate that
the ads made them 'feel bad' about how they drove.
Attitudes towards speeding and affective beliefs - feelings about the emotional benefits associated
with speeding - became significantly more negative, or anti-speeding, over the course of the
campaign.
Overall, the findings indicate that it is possible to create memorable and engaging road safety
advertising without a fear-arousing approach. Furthermore, the campaign appears to have been
effective in changing attitudes regarding speeding.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.00
Seatbelt Wearing in Scotland: A Second Study in Compliance
The Scottish Executive commissioned The Halcrow Group Ltd to undertake research to establish the current rate of
compliance with seatbelt wearing legislation, and whether there has been any significant change since 1997, updating the
first study of compliance carried out in 1997. The research measured the rate of seat belt wearing by drivers of cars, vans
and taxis, and front and rear seat passengers (including children) in Scotland.
Key findings
88.6% of all vehicle occupants were observed to be wearing an appropriate restraint, a 2.2% increase
since 1997.
Light van and taxi occupants had a substantially lower compliance rates than car occupiers.
95% of car drivers, 91% of front seat passengers and 78% of rear seat passengers were appropriately
restrained.
There continues to be a correspondence between the behaviour of car drivers and passengers, with a
greater likelihood of passenger compliance where the driver also used a seat belt.
Overall, little change in seat belt use was recorded. However, rear seat restraint use rose from 71% to
78%, and there was a decline in restraint usage for children under 5 years.
1% of drivers were observed to be using hand-held mobile telephone equipment.
2003 Price 5.00
2003 Price 5.00
203
Scottish Executive Transport Statistics publications
Scottish Transport Statistics starts with a Summary, which describes the trends for each mode
of transport over the past ten years, compares some key statistics with the equivalent figures for
Great Britain and provides some longer-term historical series. This is followed by chapters on
Road transport vehicles, Bus and coach travel, Road freight, Toll bridges, Road network, Road
traffic, Injury road accidents, Rail services, Air transport, Water transport, Finance and Personal
and cross-modal travel. Each chapter consists of groups of tables on that topic, together with some
comments on points shown in the tables, and some notes on the definitions and sources of the
statistics. Finally, there is a section on International Comparisons.
Latest edition: provides figures up to 2002, in general (in some cases, the latest available figures
relate to a different period, such as the calendar year 2001, the financial year 2001-02 or the
financial year 2002-03); published in August 2003
Published Annually Price: 10.00 ISBN 0-7559-0849-X
Household Transport: some Scottish Household Survey results provides information about the
transport facilities available to private households, and about some travel by household members.
Topics covered include: the availability of cars for private use; estimated household expenditure
on fuel for motor vehicles; people's possession of driving licences and their frequency of driving;
people's frequency of walking and cycling; people's frequency of travel in the evening and how
safe they feel from crime while doing so; travel to work (including reasons for method used and
reasons for not using public transport); travel to school (including reasons for mode choice and
reasons for not using public transport); adults with limited mobility and adults with Orange or Blue
Badges. Earlier editions covered some other topics as well as some (but not all) of these topics.
Latest edition: gives figures for 2001, and a few for 1999 and 2000; published December 2002.
Published Annually Price: 2.00 ISBN 0 7559 3494 6
Transport across Scotland: some Scottish Household Survey results for parts of Scotland
provides information about the transport facilities available to private households, and about some
travel by household members, for parts of Scotland. Statistics are provided for each Council area,
and for each category of an urban / rural classification that was developed for analysing the results
of the SHS. The topics covered include: the accessibility and frequency of bus services; people's
views on the convenience of public transport, the availability for private use of motor vehicles,
cars and company cars; people's possession of driving licences and frequency of driving; people's
frequency of walking and cycling; the usual method of travel to work; whether people work from
home; whether car commuters could use public transport; where people who drive to work park;
and travel to school.
Latest (and only) edition: provides figures for 1999/2000; published in December 2001
Published Biennially Price: 2.00 ISBN 0 7559 3287 0
Scottish Household Survey Travel Diary results provides information about the journeys made
by adults living in private households. The topics covered include the means of transport used by
different types of people, the purposes for which people travel, the distances that they go, the times
of day at which trips start, the duration of journeys, and the days of the week on which people
travel. The information about the person's travel is analysed in conjunction with information from
questions about the household as a whole. The latest edition of the bulletin includes, for the first
time, some results for individual local authorities.
Latest edition: gives figures for 2001, and a few for 1999 and 2000; published in February 2003
Published Annually Price: 2.00 ISBN 0 7559 2317 0
Travel by Scottish residents: some National Travel Survey results provides information about
trends in the average number of journeys and average distance travelled per person per year, and
the average length of journey, by the main mode of travel and by the purpose of the journey. It
also provides information about travel patterns by age-group, by sex, by socio-economic group, by
working status, by household income quintile and by whether or not the household has a car.
Latest edition: provides figures up to the three year period 1998/2000; published in April 2002
Published Triennially Price: 2.00 ISBN 0 7559 2198 4
204
Bus and Coach Statistics provides information about the trends in bus and coach services in
Scotland, and some related Scottish Household Survey (SHS) results. The statistics of bus and
coach services include: the distances travelled by vehicles and the numbers of bus passenger
journeys; fare indices; passenger receipts; public transport support and concessionary fare
reimbursement; operating costs; vehicle stock and staffing. The SHS statistics include: the
accessibility and frequency of bus services; views on the quality of public transport; travel to work
by bus and the possible use of public transport by those who travel to work by car or van; reasons
for not using buses more often; the frequency of travelling by bus in the evenings and how safe
from crime passengers feel; and the proportion of adults' journeys which are made by bus. There
are estimates of local bus service vehicle kilometres and passenger journeys for the former
Regions of Scotland, and some of the SHS results are provided for individual Council areas. There
are also some results from the bus passenger satisfaction survey.
Latest edition: provides figures up to the 2001-02 financial year (bus and coach services) and
SHS statistics for 2001, and some earlier years; published in March 2003
Published Annually Price: 2.00 ISBN 0 7559 3537 3
Road Accidents Scotland starts with a Summary section, which shows the main trends in the
numbers of road accidents and casualties in the past ten years. This is followed by a Commentary
which includes descriptions of the longer-term trends in the numbers of road accidents and
casualties, more detailed analyses of the numbers of accidents, motorists and casualties, and
comparisons of the Scottish figures with those of other countries. The next part provides
information on, and the figures which relate to, the casualty reduction targets for 2010. This is
followed by groups of tables on Accidents, Accident costs, Vehicles involved, Drivers and riders,
Drivers breath tested, Drink-drive accidents and casualties, and Casualties. Finally, there are a
number of annexes, including a calendar of events affecting road traffic and road safety, notes on
the collection of road accident statistics, definitions of various terms, and other information.
Latest edition: provides figures up to 2002; published in November 2003
Published Annually Price: 10.00 ISBN 0 7559 4021 0
Key Road Accidents Statistics gives the number of accidents, casualties by severity, casualties
by type of road, casualties by mode of transport, and child casualties, including trends in recent
years and progress towards the casualty reduction targets for the year 2010.
Latest edition: provides figures up to 2002; published in June 2003
Published Annually Price: 2.00 ISBN 0 7559 3558 6
Copies of these publications may be purchased from:
The Stationery Office Bookshop
71 Lothian Road EDINBURGH EH3 9AZ
Tel: (0131) 228 4181 FAX: (0131) 622 7017
Cheques (made payable to The Stationery Office Limited) should be sent with orders.
Transport Statistics publications may be found on the Scottish Executive Statistics Website.
Go to:
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/
and click on the link, in the list of Statistics by topic at the left of the screen, labelled
"Transport and Travel" to get to the Transport Statistics home page. Then click on
Publications and Data
Enquiries for more information on Transport Statistics should be addressed to:
Scott Brand
Transport Statistics branch
Scottish Executive
Victoria Quay
EDINBURGH EH6 6QQ
Tel: 0131 244 7255 FAX: 0131 244 0888
E-mail: transtat@scotland.gsi.gov.uk
205
INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM THE TRANSPORT STATISTICS PAGES OF
THE SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE STATISTICS WEB SITE
1. The SE Statistics Web site "Transport Statistics" pages provide:
access to the "on-line" version of each Transport Statistics publication since Spring 1998;
other information - e.g. on arrangements for consulting users and providers; and
links to other Web sites.
2. These pages also provide access to Excel spreadsheet versions of the tables in:
Road Accidents Scotland 2002;
the latest editions of each of our other publications;
the previous two editions of Road Accidents Scotland; and
some of the previous editions of some of our other publications.
3. To find these, go to: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/
and click on the link, in the list of Statistics by topic at the left of the screen, labelled
"Transport and Travel". Then click on Publications and Data. You will then see the links
to (e.g.)
All Transport Statistics publications that are available on the SE Web site
Excel spreadsheet versions of the tables in the more recent editions.
4. The Transport Statistics Web pages will also provide access to:-
a few expanded spreadsheet versions of some tables from Road Accidents Scotland and
Key Road Accident Statistics. We will decide which tables to produce, in the light of the
comments from members of the Liaison Group on Road Accident Statistics (LGRAS).
time-series spreadsheet versions of tables (these may be individual calendar year tables
for which previously only 5 year average tables were produced). Again, we will decide
which tables to produce in the light of the advise of LGRAS.
updated versions of some of the tables and charts in the following instances:-
(a) when a further year's figures become available for those of the "key" topics in
Scottish Transport Statistics which are "a year behind" the rest of the publication (e.g. those
for which the Summary table shows "not available" for the latest year, such as the bus and
coach statistics and port/waterborne freight statistics in this edition). All updates are made
available separately from the version of the document that is published on the SE Web site (it
is not practicable to update the material in the electronic version of the publication); and
(b) to correct any errors that are found in published tables.
5. Each "release" of updated versions of tables will be notified by e-mail to the ScotStat
"Transport" mailing list, and any other of our customers whom we think are likely to be
interested in the figures. If you would like to register as a user of Transport statistics, please
go to http://www.scotland.gov.uk/stats/scotstats.asp and click on 'access the SCOTSTAT
register'. You can then enter your details, including your subject areas of interest, in the
register.
206
SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE STATISTICAL SERVICES
Our aim
The aim of the Statistical Service is to provide relevant and reliable statistical information, analysis and advice that meet
the needs of government, business and the people of Scotland.
Our Objectives
1. To ensure that all statistics work is relevant to meeting user needs by
Improving the range of statistics and analysis we produce for users inside and outside of government (including for
key cross cutting policy areas such as the economy, social justice, area regeneration, equality and rural issues)
Reviewing and where practicable improving timeliness.
Providing more statistics disaggregated by age, gender, ethnicity and other characteristics.
Developing more data for small areas through the Neighbourhood Statistics project
Maintaining comparability of statistics across the UK.
2. To make better use of our statistics by
Contributing more directly to policy processes inside and where possible outside government. These
include community planning, performance information, measurement of government targets, better
policy making and modernising government objectives.
Improving access to and presentation of data and analysis, through better use of the Web, improved
publications and improved systems for holding and accessing background data.
Improving the advice provided on statistics to Ministers and senior management within the Executive.
3. To develop the reliability and integrity of official statistics by
Assuring and improving quality as an integral part of data collection and analysis and through regular
reviews in line with National Statistics quality strategy.
Developing statistical methods, systems and classifications
Maintaining and promoting integrity through implementation of the National Statistics Code of Practice
and related protocols.
4. To ensure the efficient and effective delivery of statistics products and services by
Making full use of all sources including administrative sources.
Minimising the burden on data providers through Survey Monitoring & Advice
Ensuring value for money.
Employing staff with the necessary skills and ensuring development of expertise amongst existing staff.
Ensuring effective use of Information and Communications Technology.
Managing, promoting and upholding the integrity of the statistics profession.
5. To plan effectively and work together by
Producing and implementing an annual Scottish Executive Statistics Plan.
Developing more co-ordinated working arrangements with other analytical services in and out of the
Executive.
Working with the rest of the Government Statistical Service to develop joint approaches/solutions where
appropriate.
Improving the involvement of users and providers, working on a partnership basis wherever possible.
This is a National Statistics publication
This is a National Statistics publication. It has been produced to high professional standards set out in the National
Statistics Code of Practice and Release Practice Protocol.
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about_ns/cop/default.asp
These statistics undergo regular quality assurance reviews to ensure that they meet customer needs. They are produced
free from any political interference.
Details of pre-release access will be provided in the Scottish Executive Statistics Website under 'Forthcoming Releases'
207
Correspondence and enquiries
Enquiries on Transport Statistics
should be addressed to:
Scott Brand
ASD: Transport Statistics Branch
Scottish Executive Development Department
Victoria Quay
Edinburgh EH6 6QQ
Telephone (0131) 244 7255; Fax: (0131) 244 0888
e-mail: transtat@scotland.gsi.gov.uk
General enquiries on Scottish Executive statistics
can be addressed to:
Kevin Meenan
Central Statistics Unit
Scottish Executive
4 Floor East Rear, St Andrews House
EDINBURGH EH1 3DG
Telephone: (0131) 244 0442; Fax: (0131) 244 0335
e-mail: statistics.enquiries@scotland.gsi.gov.uk
Advice on specific areas of Scottish Executive statistical work can be obtained from staff at the telephone numbers given below:
Scottish Executive Statistics contacts
Schools qualifications (0131) 244 0313
Schools pupils and teachers (0131) 244 0309
Further and Higher Education (0141) 242 0273
The Economy (0131) 244 2234
Labour market (0141) 242 5446
Business (0141) 242 5446
Income, Tax and Benefits (0131) 244 2583
Local government finance (0131) 244 7033
Environment, planning & local
government staffing
(0131) 244 0445
Equality (0131) 244 0442
Housing (0131) 244 7236
Transport (0131) 244 7255
Health (0131) 244 3432
Community Care (0131) 244 3777
Social Justice (0131) 244 0442
Scottish Executive personnel (0131) 244 3926
Agricultural census and labour force (0131) 244 6150
Fisheries (0131) 244 6441
Courts and law (0131) 244 2227
Recorded crime and prisons (0131) 244 2225
Other contacts for Scottish statistics
Forestry Commission (0131) 314 6337
The Scottish Funding Councils for
Higher and Further Education
(0131) 313 6575
General Register Office for Scotland
- Vital statistics and publications
- Population statistics, census statistics
or digital boundary products
(0131) 314 4243
(0131) 314 4254
For general enquiries about National Statistics in the United
Kingdom Government contact the National Statistics Public
Enquiry Service on
020 7533 5888
minicom: 01633 812399
Email: info@statistics.gov.uk
Fax: 01633 652747
Letters: room DG/18, 1 Drummond Gate,
LONDON SW1V 2QQ
You can also find National Statistics on the internet -
go to www.statistics.gov.uk
Current staff names, e-mail addresses and the publications listed below as well as a range of other statistical publications can be found
on the Scottish Executive Web site at www.scotland.gov.uk/stats.
Further information on the General Register Office for Scotland is available on the website www.gro-scotland.gov.uk
Most recent Statistical Publications relating to Transport and Travel
Ref no. Title Last published Price
Scottish Transport Statistics, no 22 / 2003 Edition August 2003
10.00
Road Accidents Scotland November 2003 10.00
Trn / 2003 / 3 Key Road Accident Statistics June 2003
2.00
Trn / 2002 / 6 Household Transport: some Scottish Household Survey results December 2002
2.00
Trn / 2001 / 4 Transport across Scotland: some Scottish Household Survey results for parts of
Scotland
December 2001
2.00
Trn / 2003 / 1 Scottish Household Survey Travel Diary results February 2003
2.00
Trn / 2002 / 3 Travel by Scottish residents: some National Travel Survey results April 2002 2.00
Trn / 2003 / 2 Bus and Coach Statistics March 2003 2.00
Additional copies of these publications may be purchased from Scottish Executive Publication Sales, The Stationery Office
Bookshop, 71 Lothian Road, Edinburgh, EH3 9AZ, Telephone: (0131) 228 4181, Fax: (0131) 622 7017. Cheques should be made
payable to The Stationery Office Limited.
Complaints and suggestions
If you are not satisfied with our service, please write to the Chief Statistician, Mr Rob Wishart, 4 Floor East Rear, St Andrews House,
Edinburgh, EH1 3DG, Telephone: (0131) 244 0302, e-mail rob.wishart@scotland.gov.uk. We also welcome any comments or
suggestions that would help us to improve our standards of service.
ISBN 0 7559 4021 0 Price 10.00
Crown Copyright
Brief extracts from the Crown Copyright material in this publication may be
reproduced provided the source is fully acknowledged.
9 780755 940219
ISBN 0-7559-4021-0
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9 780755 940219
ISBN 0-7559-4021-0
Crown copyright 2003
Astron B28060 11-02
This document is also available on the Scottish Exexcutive website www.scotland.gov.uk
10.00
Road Accidents
Scotland 2002
A Scottish Executive
National Statistics publication
w w w . s c o t l a n d . g o v . u k