Publisher

CreatingPosters

MicrosoftOffice2007

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UsingPublishertoCreatePosters
Contents:
UsingPublishertoCreatePosters.........................................................................................2
CreatingaPosterGuidelines...............................................................................................4
When/ifthingsgowrong......................................................................................................4
Help.......................................................................................................................................4
CreatingaBlankPoster.........................................................................................................5
SavingaPoster......................................................................................................................7
ResizingaPoster....................................................................................................................7
EnteringTextonaPoster......................................................................................................8
CopyingTextfromanotherSource...................................................................................8
Movingtext.......................................................................................................................9
Resizingthetextbox.........................................................................................................9
AddingImages.......................................................................................................................9
Imagetypes.......................................................................................................................9
ClipArt.............................................................................................................................10
Thepicturetoolbar......................................................................................................10
WordArt...........................................................................................................................11
AutoShapes.....................................................................................................................12
DesignGalleryObjects........................................................................................................12
Customisingdesignobjects.............................................................................................13
Tables..................................................................................................................................14
ArrangingItemsinPublisher...............................................................................................15
Gridlines..........................................................................................................................15
Aligning............................................................................................................................16
Order...............................................................................................................................17
Grouping..........................................................................................................................17
TextWrapping.................................................................................................................17
PrintingaPoster..................................................................................................................18
AdditionalTools...................................................................................................................19
Postertemplates.............................................................................................................19
Appendix1:PaperSizes......................................................................................................20
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Appendix2:ImageFileFormats..........................................................................................21
Bitmap(raster)formats...................................................................................................21
JPEG.............................................................................................................................21
BMP.............................................................................................................................21
GIF................................................................................................................................21
PNG..............................................................................................................................21
TIFF...............................................................................................................................21
Vectorformats.................................................................................................................22
EPS...............................................................................................................................22
WMF............................................................................................................................22

Thesenotesaredesignedforyoutoworkthroughatyourownpace.Theydonotexplain
every feature of the application therefore you are expected to make use of the Help
facility.

Note: Thisicondenotesimportantinformationreaditcarefully.
Tasks This icon denotes a task which should be carried out to help you gain the
skillsrequired.

Ifyouhaveanycommentsorqueries,pleasecontacttheICTSkillsUnit:
Room:NH002,groundfloor,StudentsAssociationbuilding
Email:ICTSkills@gcu.ac.uk
Tel:01412731373
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CreatingaPosterGuidelines
Beforecreating a poster you should plan the important information you want to include
onyourposterandhowyouwanttopresentit.
Herearesomebrieftipsforcreatingaposter:
Selectamaximumofoneortwofonttypestousethroughoutyourposter.
Donotuseverylargeblocksoftextrememberthatyouarepresentingaposter
andnotanessay.
Sourceorcreateappropriateimagestousetopresentyoursubject.
Usediagramswherepossibleinsteadoflargeblocksoftext.
Avoidusingatoomanydifferentcolours.Tryanduseshadesofafewcolours
instead.
Makeyourtextclearandeasytoreadandavoidconfusingterminologyor
acronyms.
Consideryouraudience.
Remembertoincludeyourname!

As a student, or in work, you may be asked to create a poster on a certain subject. You
can use a computer to help you do this. One application used for this is Microsoft
Publisher. ThisispartoftheMicrosoft Office suiteofapplications.Thefollowing noteswill
describehowtoworkwithPublisher andwillintroducesomeofthemostusefulfeatures
ofthePublisher application.
When/ifthingsgowrong
Rememberthatwhen/ifanerroroccurstrythefollowingtorectifythesituation.Clickon
theUndo commandfromtheEditmenu.
Help
IfthereisafeatureofPublisheryouwouldliketousebutdonotknowhow,usetheHelp
facility within the software. This provides instructions on using all features of the
software. To use Help simply click on the Help menu and choose Microsoft Office
PublisherHelp.ThiswillopentheHelpdialoguebox.Thenyoucanchoosetosearchthe
HelpIndexortypeaphrasetosearchbyintheSearchbox.YouwillbegivenalistofHelp
phraseswhicharethenearestmatchtoyourquestion.Selectfromthelistorifthereisno
option to answer your query you can read the Tips for better search results or try to
searchinsomeoftheotherplacessuggestedatthebottomofthewindow.

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CreatingaBlankPoster
The following notes will guide you through the creation, editing and saving of a poster.
Work should be saved regularly as you create the poster. To open Publisher click on the
Startmenu,selectPrograms,MicrosoftOfficeandMicrosoftOfficePublisher2007.This
will open and display the Getting Started with Microsoft Office Publisher 2007 window
(Figure1).

Figure1:TheMicrosoftPublisherGettingStartedwindow
Thisscreenshowsthreepanes,PublicationTypes,PopularPublicationTypesandRecent
Publications. To create a poster, click the Blank Page Sizes option from the Popular
PublicationTypessection.TheBlankPageSizeswindowopensdisplayingdifferentblank
templates(Figure2).
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Figure2:TheBlankPageSizeswindow
Under the Blank Page Sizes heading there are a number of links to different types of
publications.ClickonthePosterslinktogotothePosterssectionwhichdisplaysdifferent
poster sizes (Figure 3). A number of standard page sizes are shown (see Appendix 1 for
sizeinformation).

Figure3:TheBlankPageSizeswindowshowingPosterssizes
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Clickononeofthepostersizesandapanewillopenontherightsideofthescreenwith
information on the size you have chosen, and provides additional options for you to
customize the poster. You can choose a font scheme and colour scheme from these
menus.OnceyouhavemadeyourselectionclickontheCreatebuttonatthebottomright
cornerofthewindow.TheposterwillopeninPublisher.

SavingaPoster
Tosaveaposter,selecttheFilemenuandchooseSaveorpresstheSaveicon onthe
toolbar. When saving a poster for the first time, a poster name and location (i.e. the
folder and drive) must be given. Further saves will use the same poster name and
overwritethepreviouslysavedversion. TheSaveAs...commandallowsthepostertobe
saved with a new or different name leaving the original unchanged. This is useful for
keepingdifferentversionsofaposterorcreatingbackupcopies.
Note:Itisimportanttogetintothehabitofsavingyourfileeveryfewminutes.

ResizingaPoster
Onceyouhavecreatedaposteryoucanresizeitifyouwish.FromtheFormatPublication
paneonthelefthandsideofthescreen,PageSizesectionclickontheChangePageSize
button (see Figure 4) to adjust the page size. Other templates can also be applied from
thispane.
Note:IfyoudonotseethePublicationOptionspane,clickontheFormatmenuand
selectFormatPublicationfromthedropdownmenutoshowit.

Figure4:ThePublicationOptionsintheFormatPublicationpane
Task2
SavetheposterinyouruserworkspaceandnameitICTSkillsPoster.
Task1
StartMicrosoftPublisherandcreateablankA3sizeportraitposter.ChoosetheAlpine
colourschemeandtheVersatilefontscheme.
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Figure5:MicrosoftPublisherdocumentreadyforediting
EnteringTextonaPoster
Toentertextonaposter,youhavetocreateatextboxthatwillcontainthetext.Todo
this, click on the Text Box icon from the Objects (vertical) toolbar to the left of the
Publication Options pane (see Figure 5). The cursor will change from an arrow to a +,
clickanddragyourcursoronthepostertocreateyourtextboxtotherequiredsize.You
can then click inside the text box and type in the text. This text can be formatted using
the tools from the toolbar (see Figure 6) in the same way as in Microsoft Word. For
example,youcanchangethefontsize,colouroralignment.

Figure6:Thehorizontaltoolbars
CopyingTextfromanotherSource
Ifcopyingtextfromanothersource,forexampletheweb,gothewebpageandcopyit.Go
toyourposterandcreateatextboxtocontaintheinformation.Clickinsidethetextbox
andfromtheEditmenuchoosePasteSpecial.ThePasteSpecialdialogueboxwillopen,
choosetheUnformattedtextoptionandclickOK.
Objects
toolbar
Format
Publication
pane
Publication
Options
Task3
ChangethepostertobeA3size,landscapeformat.Save theposter.
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Movingtext
To move a text box, place the mouse cursor somewhere on the outline of the text box.
Thecursorwillchangetobecomeafourheadedarrow.Holddowntheleftmousebutton
and drag to move the text box to the new area. The dotted outline of the text box will
follow your mouse movement indicating the text boxs new location. Release the left
mousebuttonwhenyouhavethetextboxwhereyouwantit.
Note:ThesamemethodisusedtomoveotherelementsincludingClipArt,images
andshapes.
Resizingthetextbox
Position your mouse cursor over one of the corners of the text box and you will notice
that the mouse cursor changes to a doubleheaded arrow. When you see this mouse
cursor, click, hold down the left mouse button, and drag the mouse away from the text
boxtoincreasethesizeordragtowardthecentreoftheboxtodecreasethesize.Release
theleftmousebuttonwhenfinished.Ifyouusethehandlesinthemiddleratherthanthe
cornersyouwillstretchorshrinkthetextsousethecornersifyouwanttokeepthetext
atthesameproportions.

AddingImages
ToaddimagesyoucanuseClipArt,WordArt,shapesoryourownimagefiles.Youwilluse
oneormoreofthesetomakeyourpostervisuallyappealingtoyourtargetaudience.
Imagetypes
There are two main types of images on a computer. These are bitmaps (pictures) and
vectors(drawings).Whilebitmapsstoretheimageasasequenceofindividuallycoloured
pixels,vectorsarestoredasaseriesofinstructionsthecomputerprocessesinafraction
of a second to draw the image. What you can do with the image can be limited by the
type of image chosen. If you stretch a vector drawing then it will look okay, but as a
bitmap is stretched it will start to look blocky as the pixels are scaled in size. If you find
that images you include in your poster look bad as you increase their size, you may
Task4
Add some text towards the top of your poster. This text should say ICT Skills Unit,
Glasgow Caledonian University. Make the text font size 30, bold and in Times New
Romanfont.Trymovingthetexttoanewlocationandadjustingthesizeofthetext
boxuntilyouarehappywithit.
Go to the ICT Skills website www.gcu.ac.uk/student/ictskills and copy the text from
thewebpage.
Create another text box and paste the copied text inside.Make the text font size 20
andTimesNewRoman.Resizethetextboxifnecessaryandmoveittothemiddleof
theposter.
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benefit from trying to find a similar image that is a vector or try to find a better quality
(better resolution, more pixels) picture. The drawback here is that vectors can only
display relatively simple diagrams and pictures, not photographs. To find out how to
distinguishbetweenthetwotypesaswellaswhattypeoffilescontainwhatsortofimage
seeAppendix2.
ClipArt
ClipArtisaGallerywithimages(somevectorandsomebitmaps)thatisavailableinmost
of the Microsoft Office programs. To insert a Clip Art image, first click on the Picture
Frame icon on the Objects (vertical) toolbar. A menu will appear with four options,
oneofwhichwillbeClipArt.ClickonitandtheClipArtpane(seeFigure7)willappearon
the left hand side of the window. Click once in the text box at the top of the Task pane
underSearchfor:andtypeinoneormorekeywordsthatdescribethepictureyouwishto
include on your poster. Click on the Go button to start the search. A dialogue box may
appearaskingyouifyouwanttoincludetheonlineClipArtGalleryinyoursearch.Ifyou
haveinternetconnectionjustclickontheYesandyoursearchwillbeextendedtoinclude
theonlinegallery.Theresultsfromyoursearchwillbedisplayedinthepane.Someofthe
imagesinyourresultwillhavealittleglobeinthebottomleftcorneroftheimagewhich
showsthattheimageisfromtheonlineGallery.Onceyoufindanimageyoulikeclickon
itoncetoincludeitinyourpresentation.

Figure7:ClipArtpane
Thepicturetoolbar
The Picture toolbar (see Figure 8) should appear as soon you select an image. If it does
not appear, click on View menu and then from the dropdown menu click on Toolbars,
thenclickonPicturefromthemenuthatwillappear.

Figure8:ThePicturetoolbar
There are a number of useful options available on the Picture toolbar. Some of the
important ones are the options to raise or lower the brightness or contrast of an image
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.Byclickingtheseiconsyoucanadjusthowlightordarktheimageis,aswell
asincreaseordecreaseitscontrast.
AnotherusefultoolonthePicturetoolbaristheoptiontocropanimage .Thisallows
youtochoosetoonlydisplayaportionoftheimageratherthanthewholething.Tocrop
an image, click on this icon. Your mouse cursor will change to look like the icon (two
overlappingrightangledlines).Youthenputyourmousecursoroverthecornerormiddle
handles around the edge of the image and then click and drag using your left mouse
buttontocroptheimage.

WordArt
WordArtis usedtomaketextmorevisuallyappealing.ThetextyouenterwithWordArt
canbeuniquelystyledandcoloured.WordArtismostcommonlyusedfortitles,headings
orafewwordsyouwouldliketodrawattentionto.
Note:DonotoveruseWordArt.Itcanaddinteresttoyourtextbutifyouuseittoo
muchitcanbeoffputtingfortheviewer.
To insert WordArt, first click on the Insert WordArt icon on the Object (vertical)
toolbar. The WordArt Gallery dialogue box will open. Browse through the selection of
WordArtshownandonceyouhavedecidedonastyle,clickonittoselectit,andclickon
theOKbutton.TheEditWordArtTextdialogueboxwillopen.ReplacethewordsEnter
YourTextHerewiththewordsyouwouldlikemadeintoWordArt.Atthispoint,changes
to the font style and size can be made by using the dropdown menus at the top of the
dialoguebox.ClickontheOKbuttontoinserttheWordArt.
Note:WordArtcanbemovedandresizedusingthesamemethodaswehaveused
forresizingandmovingtextandimages.
You can change the colour and the outline of the WordArt after you have inserted it.
WhenyouclickontheWordArttextinyourpostertheWordArttoolbarwillappear(see
Figure 9). On the toolbar you will find options to edit the text in the WordArt, changing
thedirectionofthetextorchangingitsfillandoutlinecolour.

Figure9:WordArttoolbar
Changecolours Edittext Changetextdirection
Task5
InsertClipArtofacomputerintoyourposter.Movetheimagetothetoprightofthe
poster, crop the image so that only the monitor is visible and resize it if necessary.
Maketheimagebrighter.
Saveyourposterfile.
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AutoShapes
AutoShapes allow you to quickly add simple geometric shapes like circles, squares, stars
andmanymoreintoyourposter.Thesecanbeusedtoformdrawings,diagramsordesign
elementsforyourposter.ToinsertapredefinedAutoShapesuchasastaroradiamond,
clicktheAutoShapes iconontheObjects(vertical)toolbar.Amenuofcategorieswill
appear.Pointtoacategory,suchasStarsandBannersandclicktheshapethatyouwant
such as Explosion 1. Click and hold down the mouse button on your poster where you
want the shape to appear and then drag until you like the shape and the size of the
AutoShape.
You can now change some of the formatting of your AutoShapes fill colour, outline
colour and style as well as add effects like shadow or 3D from the tools available in the
horizontaltoolbars(seeFigure6).

DesignGalleryObjects
DesignGalleryobjectsallowyoutoquicklycreateamoreprofessionallydesignedlookof
yourposter.EachDesignobjectismadeupofanumberofelementsandiscustomisable
soyoucanmodifyittosuityourneedsandideas.
To insert a Design object click on the Insert menu and choose Design Gallery Object
from the dropdown menu. The Design Gallery dialogue box will open (see Figure 10).
ChooseatypeofDesignobjectyouarelookingforfromthelistonthelefthandsideand
the available object will be displayed in the right hand side. Use the scroll bar to scroll
throughtheobjects.Onceyouhavedecidedonanobject,clickonittoselectit.Clickon
theInsertObjectbuttoninthebottomrightcorneroftheDesignGallerywindowtoplace
itinyourposter.
Task7
Using the AutoShapes place a number of stars around your poster in different
locationsandwithdifferentsizes.
Changetheirfillcolourtolightblueandtheonlinetoadarkerblue.
Saveyourposter.
Task6
Add some WordArt to your poster. Choose any style you like. The text should read
ICT Skills Unit will help you learn and improve your ICT Skills. Move the WordArt
to the left of the picture of the monitor from Task 5. Resize the WordArt to an
appropriatesize.Changethetextfillincolourtoyellowandtheoutlinetoblue.
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Figure10:TheDesignGallerywindow
Note:Designobjectscanbemovedandresizedusingthesamemethodaswehave
usedforresizingandmovingtextandimages.
Customisingdesignobjects
Each element of the Design Object can be individually selected and edited. You can
change the text of the current object and you can change a picture or the colours used.
To make changes to individual Design Object elements select the part you would like to
change. To do this, simply click on it. If what you want to edit is text, select the current
text in the object and then replace it by typing in your desired text. If what you want to
change is a shape or picture part of the Design object, select that part and then click on
theFormatmenuandthenchoosetheoptionatthebottomofthedropdownmenu(this
option will change depending on what type of object you have clicked on). You can also
click the right mouse button over your selected item to open the context popup menu
andchoosetheFormat(typeofitem)option.

Task8
InsertaDesignObjectyourpresentation.ChoosetheLogosgroupofDesignObjects
and choose the Open Oval object. Increase the size of this object and enter the text
ICT Skills to overwrite the default organization text. Resize the logo and change
thecolourofthetwoarcstodarkblue.
Putthisobjecttowardsthetopleftcornerofyourposter.
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Tables
Tablescanbeinvaluableinrepresentingdataandfiguresinareadableform.Usingatable
inPublisherisverymuchlikeinsertingoneinMicrosoftWordorPowerPoint.Toinserta
table, on the Objects (vertical) toolbar, click the Insert Table icon. Move your cursor
totheposterareaandclickandholddownthemousebuttonanddragtodisplaythesize
of the table in your poster (you can modify the size later). Release the mouse button
when you are ready and the Create Table dialogue box will appear (Figure 11). You can
now choose the number of columns and rows by typing in the numbers in the relevant
fieldsorusingthelittleupanddownarrows.YoucanalsochoosetoapplyaTableformat
togivethetableaninitialappearance.Selecttheoptionsyouwant,andthenclickOK.
Note: If your initial size is small it will not allow you to create a table with larger
numberofrowsandcolumns.
Oncethetableisinsertedintoyourposteryoucanaddtexttothetablebyclickinginside
acellandtyping.YoucanmovefromcelltocellquicklybypressingtheTabkeyorusing
the arrow keys. Tables can be moved and resized like all other elements we have
exploredsofar.

Figure11:TheCreateTabledialoguebox
By default the table will not have any visible borders. If you want to have the borders
displayed click on the table and then on the Format menu, then choose Table from the
bottomofthedropdownmenu.TheFormatTabledialogueboxwillopen(seeFigure12).
FromtheColoursandLinestabontheFormatTabledialogueboxyoucanchoosewhich
borders you want displayed, their colours and what weight (how thick) the borders are
goingtobe.
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Figure12:FormatTabledialoguebox

ArrangingItemsinPublisher
Once you have a large number of elements in a poster it can be tricky organising them
and keeping them tidy. Publisher helps with a number of options to help you arrange
objects.
Gridlines
You can display gridlines on your poster to make it easy to line up and lay out all the
elements on screen. These gridlines will not be printed they just help to arrange the
objects on your poster. To display gridlines, click on the Arrange menu and select the
LayoutGuidesoption.TheLayoutGuidesdialogueboxwillopen.ClickontheGridGuides
tab.YoucannowselectthenumberofcolumnsorrowsofGridGuidesyouwantandthe
Task9
Insertatableintoyourposter.Itshouldhave2columnsand12rows.Typeinthefirst
cellWorkshops,andinthenextcellLength.
Type in the first column under Workshops the following information: Word
Processing, File Management, Email, Excel, Internet Searching, PowerPoint, Access,
WordProcessingforDissertation,Blackboard,SPSS,Publisher
Type in the second column under Length the following: 2 hours, 1 hour, 1 hour, 2
hours,2hours,2hours,4hours,2hours,2hours,2hours,2hours
The text in the table should be Times New Roman font and font size 20. Move the
table towards the right side of your poster. If you are running low on space, make
suretoresizeandmoveelementsinyourpostersothateverythingfitsandlookstidy.
Makesurethetablehasblackbordersonallthecells.
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spacing between them by typing into the fields provided as in Figure 13. Click the OK
buttontoconfirmyourchoice.

Figure13:TheLayoutGuidesdialoguebox
You can also place your own vertical or horizontal guide line. To create a vertical guide
click on the vertical ruler on the left hand size of your poster and drag inside the poster
area.Athingreenguidelinewillshow.Simplyreleasethemousebuttonwhenyouhave
dragged the guide line to the position you want. To create a horizontal guide line you
needtoclickonthehorizontalruleranddraginsidetheposterareainthesameway.
Youcanmoveaguidelinebysimplyclickingonitanddraggingittoitsnewposition.To
removeaguidelinejustclickonitanddragitbacktotheruler.
Note:Theguidelinewillnotbeprintedeveniftheyaredisplayedonthescreen.

Aligning
To align objects (text boxes, Clip Arts, tables and so on) in your poster first you need to
select them. To select more than one object click on the first object and then press and
holddowntheShiftkeyonthekeyboardandclickonthenextobject.Onceyou have
selectedalltheobjectsyouwanttoalignclickontheArrangemenuandthenontheAlign
and Distribute option. A menu will appear with aligning options so you can choose how
youwanttheobjectsaligned.Clickonthealigningoptionofyourchoice.
Task10
Use a horizontal guide line to make sure that the AutoShape, the WordArt and the
ClipArtthetopofyourposterarelinedup.
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Note:Whenobjectsarealigned,forexampletotheleft,theobjectthatismostto
the left will not move and the other objects will move to align with it. The same applies
when aligning any other way, i.e. when aligning to the top, the object that is in most to
thetopwillstayandtherestwillmovetoaligntoit.

Order
When adding elements to a poster, they are placed in the order in which they were
created.Ifyouwanttorearrangetheorderyoucandothisbyselectingtheitemthatyou
want to move behind or in front of another item. Then click on the Arrange menu and
chooseOrderfromthedropdownmenu.Youcanthenchoosetomoveanitemonestep
backwardorforward,ormoveanitemallthewaytothebackortothefront.Thiswillbe
usefulifyouhavemultipleitemslayeredontopofeachother.

Grouping
Grouping can be very useful when you have multiple items on your poster you want to
moveorresizetogether.Togroupitems,firstholddownyourCtrlkeyandclickoneachof
the items you want to group with your left mouse button. Once you have selected the
items you want to group, click on the Arrange menu and choose Group from the drop
down menu. From here on, clicking on any one of the grouped items will select all of
themandmovingorresizingchangeswillbeappliedtoallelementsinthegroup.
To ungroup the items and manipulate them individually again, select one of the items
fromthegroupandclickontheArrangemenuandclickonUngroupfromthedropdown
menu.

TextWrapping
Textwrappingreferstothewaythetextflowsaroundotherobjects.Bydefault,ifthetext
isbehindanotherobjectthetextwrappingofthatobjectisthrough.Thetextinthiscase
Task13
GroupthetwoClipArts(thedeskandthemonitor).Movethegrouptothetopright
cornerofyourposter.
Task12
FindapieceofClipArtshowingadesk.Resizethisimagetobeslightlylargerthanthe
monitor picture. Move this picturebehind the image of the monitor that we already
haveinthepostersoitlookslikethemonitorisplacedonthedesk.
Task11
Alignthetextbox(withthetextfromtheweb)andthetabletothebottom.
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will make space for the object so the object will not cover the text. The space made for
theobjectwillbeofthesameshape,i.e.iftheobjectisanovalthetextwillwraparound
anovalspacetoallowboththetextandtheobjecttobevisible.
Ifyouwanttomodifyhowthetextwrapsaroundaspecificobject,clickontheobjectand
then from the Arrange menu, choose Text Wrapping and from the menu choose the
wrappingoptionyouwant.

PrintingaPoster
Printing a poster in Publisher is very much like printing in Microsoft Word or Excel. To
print,clickontheFilemenu.FromthedropdownmenuthatwillappearselectthePrint
option.ThePrintdialogueboxwillappearonscreenasinFigure14.Themostimportant
optionhereisthepapersize.Youshouldsetthistotheappropriatesizebeforeyouprint
yourposter.Onceyouarehappywithyourselections,clickthePrintbuttontoprintyour
poster.

Figure14:Printdialoguebox
Task14
Changethetextwrappingononeofthestarstoasquaretextwrapping.
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AdditionalTools
Postertemplates
Sometimes,whencreatingaposter,youmaywanttouseatemplatetosaveyoutimein
designingandlayingoutalloftheelements.Todothat,fromthePosterOptions,inthe
Format Poster pane, choose Apply a Template and the Change Template window will
open (see Figure 15). From here you will have a number of categories on the left and a
seriesofpossibletemplatesontheright.Choosingoneofthesetemplatesbyclickingonit
toapplyittotheposteryouareworkingon.
Note:Youcangetthesameresultsforyourposterwithoutusingatemplate;itjust
takes a little more time. In this booklet we wont use templates so that you learn more
aboutlayingoutyourowndesignforaposter.

Figure15:ChangeTemplatewindow

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Appendix1:PaperSizes
StandardPapersizes(ISOstandard):
PaperSize
Portrait
Landscape
timesA4sheets
A0 84x118.9 118.9x84
A1 59.4x84 84x59.4 8
A2 42x59.4 59.4x42 4
A3 29.7x42 42x29.7 2
A4 21x29.7 29.7x21 1
A5 14.8x21 21x14.8

A6 10.5x14.8 14.8x10.5

All measurements are given in centimetres, horizontal measurement first and then
verticalmeasurement

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Appendix2:ImageFileFormats
Bitmap(raster)formats
These files use pixels to compose an image and therefore are suitable for high quality
photographs. The files are usually with bigger size and when resized may lose quality.
Imagesarealwaysrectangular.Theyarealwaysdimensionedwithawidthandheight(in
pixels). Images that appear to be with a different shape are not, they simply have a
transparentbackground.
JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) files uses 24bit colour which means it is not
losing the colour quality. However it uses compression with variable degree of quality
loss.Mostuserswon'tbeabletoseemuchdifferencebetweenamoderatelycompressed
JPEGandtheoriginaluncompressedimage;aheavilycompressedJPEGwillappearblurry
andmakeindividualpixelsnoticeable.Theresultingfilesaresmallanddependingonthe
degreeoflossduringcompressionmaybeusefulforgoodqualityphotographs.Theonly
majordrawbackofusingJPEGisthatitdoesntsupporttransparency.
BMP
This is a standard Microsoft image format and images created with Paint software
(standard software installed with Windows) use this file format. Typically, BMPs do not
use compression and that is why they are very large files. BMP files do not support
transparency.
GIF
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) files are commonly used on Web pages. They only
support up to 8 bits of colour depth (or 256 colours) but it creates a table of up to 256
coloursfromapoolof16millionandthatwayitdoesntnoticeablydegradetheoriginal
image.Iftheoriginalimageconsistsoffewerthan256coloursGIFformatwillcreatesave
andcompresstheimagewithoutanylossofquality.Howeveriftheimageisacolourrich
itwillloseagreatlythequality.GIFfilessupporttransparency.
PNG
Portable Network Graphics (PNG) was originally developed to replace the GIF format.
They use compression without loss of quality and can use 24bit colours (more than 16
millioncolours)toachieveamuchwiderrangeofcolourscomparedtoGIFfiles.PNGalso
supports transparency and therefore is suitable for images that are not rectangular and
willbeplacedondifferentbackgrounds.
TIFF
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) files can be saved completely uncompressed for
maximum quality. They can also use a compression without loss of quality to help
decrease file size. Like PNGs and GIFs, the TIFF format supports full 24bit colour (more
than 16 million colours). TIFF files are suitable for high quality photographs and they
supporttransparency.

P Pu ub bl li is sh he er r
22 ICTSkills
GlasgowCaledonianUniversity
Vectorformats
Thesefilescontaininstructionsonhowtobuildimagesusinggeometryratherthanpixels.
Theycanberesizedwithoutworryingthatthequalitywilldegrade
EPS
EncapsulatedPostScript(EPS)isavectorformatfilesandarewidelyusedinprofessional
printingforprintingvectorbasedgraphics.Theyaresuitableforgraphicssuchaslogosor
otherthatdon'tcontainmanyphotographs.
WMF
WindowsMetafileFormat(WMF)wascreatedbyMicrosoft.MostoftheMicrosoftOffice
ClipArtisinWMFformat.