0 évaluation0% ont trouvé ce document utile (0 vote)
44 vues11 pages
A built-in breathalyzer switch in series with the ignition process in the vehicle was proposed, to set up a physical barrier to effectively prevent an intoxicated individual from operating the vehicle. Car manufacturers are the buyers in this case because they can have alternative intoxication tests such as a question that proves 3 3 sobreity similar to the application design mentioned in the internship, Levy (2013).
A built-in breathalyzer switch in series with the ignition process in the vehicle was proposed, to set up a physical barrier to effectively prevent an intoxicated individual from operating the vehicle. Car manufacturers are the buyers in this case because they can have alternative intoxication tests such as a question that proves 3 3 sobreity similar to the application design mentioned in the internship, Levy (2013).
A built-in breathalyzer switch in series with the ignition process in the vehicle was proposed, to set up a physical barrier to effectively prevent an intoxicated individual from operating the vehicle. Car manufacturers are the buyers in this case because they can have alternative intoxication tests such as a question that proves 3 3 sobreity similar to the application design mentioned in the internship, Levy (2013).
Name William Teng NetID wten567 Group Number: 242 Website Link: http://infosys1102014s1group242.blogspot.co.nz/p/blog- page.html Tutorial Details Tutor: Day: Time: Kit Wah Wednesday 12pm Time Spent on Assignment: 10 hours Word Count: Less than 1650 words (i.e. 1500 + 10%)
2
2 PREINSTALLED BREATHALYZERS IN MOTOR VEHICLES INTRODUCTION How can a night out with friends end with disaster? New Zealands Health Promotion Agency (2007) has shown that New Zealand is guilty for having a binge drinking culture, that has subsequently affected our behaviour on the road. It is too simple for an intoxicated individual to get behind the wheel and operate a vehicle without adequate awareness, potentially causing road accidents on roads that is shared with the public. Thus, the problem lies with the lack of barriers that prevent drink driving from occurring. So the solution of a built-in breathalyzer switch in series with the ignition process in the vehicle was proposed, to set up a physical barrier to effectively prevent an intoxicated individual to operate the vehicle. The ignition circuit can only be connected if the driver passes the breathalyzer test. 3. BUSINESS SECTION 3.1 Vision To provide accident-free transportation networks for the entire worlds public to enjoy. 3.2 Industry Analysis: Medical Device Industry Industry: Medical Device Industry. The breathalyzers are produced by medical device manufacturers in the medical device industry which are then distributed to vehicle manufacturers for installation. Breathalyzers are considered a medical device because they diagnose a persons health condition. Force: High/Low: Justification: Buyer power: Low Car manufacturers are the buyers in the breathalyzer case. They can have alternative intoxication tests such as a question that proves
3
3 sobreity similar to the application design mentioned in The Internship, Levy (2013) However for the industry, buyers do not have many alternatives from medical devices unless they avoid modern medicial treatment since medical devices are applied in almost all modern medical practice, thus buyer power is low. WHO (2014) explain that medical devices are commonly used in modern medical practice as they can be as simple as a thermometer. (WHO, 2014) Supplier power: Low Medical devices can be funded by third parties which Mangan (2013) reports of online crowdfunding for medical devices and in NZ, we have PHARMAC which provides funding for health professionals, so medical device manufactuers do not need to bargain with suppliers therefore bargaining power of suppliers is low. (Mangan, 2013) Threat of new entrants: High According to WHO (2013) various medical techonlogies and devices enter the market annually as entry barriers are often reduced by third-party or government funding, thus the threat of new entrants is high. (WHO, 2013) Threat of substitutes: Low Abpischools (2004) notes that there are alternatives from using medical devices such as traditional herbal treatment for customers,
4
4 however in modern day society, modern conventional medicinal practice would use medical devices therefore the risk of substitutes is low. (Abpischools, 2004). Rivalry among existing competitors: High There is high existing rivalry within the medical devices industry. As ITA (2008) explains, the funding for medical devices has doubled since the previous decade in USA to increase their innovative progress to gain competitive advantages in the world market. (ITA, 2008). Overall attractiveness of the industry: The profitabilty is likely to be high which Medical Products Outsourcing (2013) reports as a mulitbillion dollar industry, therefore the medical device industry is considered to be attractive. Buyer and supplier power are in favour of the industry and it is only normal for medical science to be competitive for the better of modern society that relies on modern medicine; and new entrants join in the industry with new technologies which further increases the rivalry. 3.3 Customers and Thei r Needs The customers that the breathalyzers are intended for are automobile manufacturers to install in their motor vehicles during assembly. This is would increase the value of their vehicles due to the additional safety measures and to give their products a competitive advantage in the market. The automotive industry is a relatively competitive industry therefore when a competitor gains a competitive adcantage, other competitors would also want to maintain their market share and see this as a threat so they would be quick to copy the new feature. A historical example of this happening as seen on General Motors (2014) is the Anti-lock braking system (ABS) which Nissan and General Motors introduced in the 1970s and now it has become a standard for the automotive industry to have in its products.
5
5 3.4 The Product and Service The breathalyzer system is expected to be adopted by the intended target market of automotive manufactuers due to the nature of the automotive industry where safety is an important KPI, thus they want to reduce the number of fatalities and causalties associated with their vehicles to attract customers which is why automotive manufacturers put out newer models with more safety features every year as Gorzenaly (2012) indicated. The breathalyzer system will thus be a highly attractive product as it adds another safety feature which would reduce the number of road accidents associated with the manufacturers automobiles so if one manufacturer began using it, its competitors would follow suit in order to also gain a competitive advantage that is needed in the market and to retain their market share. 3.5 Suppliers and Partners PHARMAC is appointed by the government to manage medicine in NZ which would work in partnership with the breathalyzers being produced and installed. PHARMAC also plays the role of the supplier as they fund and supply resources for medical applications. Automotive manufacturers would be the intended customers but also key partners as the breathalyzer system would be need to be integrated into their products' design specifications, thus they would need to collaborate to make the products integrate. The actual raw materials required to make the breathalyzers would require both medical components and electrical components which means organisations such as Qosina would be a supplier as they offer medical device components. 3.6 Strategy: Cost Leadership Because this breathalyer system is encouraged to be implemented into cars, it would receive greater acceptance if it was cheaper for manufacturers to purchase therefore the Cost Strategy would be low and since the system is intended for all car manufacturers to use the Competitive Scope would be broad. The overall strategy is therefore Cost Leadership.
6
6 3.7 Value Chain Activity: Service after Sale The most important value chain activity for this business is Service after Sale. The breathalyzers material procurement is arranged by its suppliers, and once the products are made, they are distributed to the car manufacturers. The biggest issue would therefore not be concerned with buyers and sellers but rather the end users, the automobile drivers. Since the breathalyzer is linked to the ignition, if the breathalyzer was to fail, it would render the vehicle unusable thus regular maintenance checks are needed which can be integrated with WOF. 3.8 Business Processes 3.8.1. COMPONENT INTEGRATION PROCESS - A crucial process for the purpose of the system to function by checking if the breathalyzer will work in conjunction with the car's ignition system. If the ignition system cannot receive or recognise the signal from the breathalyzer then the vehicle would not be able to work even if the driver was sober.
7
7 3.8.2. USABI LITY ASSURANCE PROCESS If the ignition system is unable to be used because the breathalyzer stage of the process if faulty, then that renders the entire vehicle unusable, therefore, it is important that after installation that the breathalyzer will work correctly for a reasonable amount of time. The Quality Assurance System will measure the time the KPI of average number of customer complaints and the lifespan of use of the breathalyzer unit and compare the results over a period of time.
8
8 3.9 Functionalities 3.9.1. COMPONENT INTEGRATION PROCESS Recording Errors, to find trends on what sections require reengineering Testing Prototype, to test for requirements before entering the market 3.9.2. USABILITY ASSURANCE PROCESS Measuring Stability, compares to KPI of sustainability Providing Service After Sale, works in conjunction with WOF tests to keep the breathalyzer system usable by the customer 3.10 Systems
3.10. 1. ERROR ANALYSIS SYSTEM The product should be error-free for customers to use therefore during the development stage, the errors are recognised and sent to the R&D department to solve. This system would incorporate a database linked to the Error Recording System to store all the errors and changes to the product, in case an alteration worsened the product so that the design can be returned to a previous checkpoint. 3.10. 2. FEEDBACK PROCESSING SYSTEM When the product is being used by customers, there is the chance of product failure therefore feedback has to be received to fix the issue and also to serve as a basis for benchmarking against its sustainability. 3.10. 3. REPLACEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM As part of the Usability Assurance Process, the breathalyzer ignition system could get damaged, have a problem with the unit or reach the end of its lifecycle thus a replacement would be required to continue using the vehicle. This system would register order requests, check inventory, prepare invoices and process the payment.
9
9 3.11. Summary Table: Value Chain to Systems The summary table is complete and consistent with the items identified in the written section.
Value Chain Activity Processes Functionalities Specific Information System(s) Broad Information System(s)
Service After Sale 1. Component Integration Process 1. Recording Errors.
2. Testing Prototype. Error Anal ysis System
Transaction Processing System 2. Usability Assurance Process 1. Measuring Stability.
2. Providing Service After Sale. Feedback Processing System
Replacement Management System Customer Relationship Management
Supply Chain Management
10
10 CONCLUSION The breathalyzer ignition system will help decrease alcohol-related road accidents by physically disabling the ignition system if the driver is intoxicated. Information systems add value when incorporated into the development and maintenance of the product by recording errors with Error Analysis Process and measuring against KPIs such as sustainability and usability to develop the product while other systems such as Feedback Processing Systems and Replacement Management Systems are in place to maintain the most important value chain activity of Service After Sale, so that the products remain operational and continue to benefit society. REFERENCES
1. Health Promotion Agency. (2007). The Culture of Drinking in New Zealand. Retrieved from http://m.alcohol.org.nz/sites/default/files/useruploads/Resourcepdfs/SCAoA_Chp1.pdf 2. Levy, S. (Director). (2013). The Internship [Motion picture]. America: Wild West Pricture Show Productions 3. Erickson, K., & Cole, P. (2010). Industry and Market Analysis. Retrieved from https://wiki.engr.illinois.edu/display/BIOE414/Industry+and+Market+Analysis 4. World Health Organisation. (2014). Medical Devices. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs346/en/ 5. PHARMAC. (2014). PHARMAC and Hospital Medical Devices. Retrieved from http://www.pharmac.health.nz/medicines/hospital-devices 6. Mangan, D. (2013). Crowdfunding for medical devices hits Web. Retrieved from http://www.cnbc.com/id/100965824 7. World Health Organisation. (2013). Compendium of innovative health technologies for low- resource settings. Retrieved from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/108781/1/9789241564731_eng.pdf?ua=1 8. Medical Product Outsourcing. (2013). The Medical Device Top 30. Retrieved from http://www.mpo-mag.com/heaps/view/551 9. International Trade Administration. (2008). Medical Device Industry Assessment. Retrieved from http://ita.doc.gov/td/health/medical%20device%20industry%20assessment%20final%20ii%2 03-24-10.pdf 10. General Motors. (2014). 1972 First Automotive Anti-lock Brake System (ABS). Retrieved from http://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/1972,_First_Automotive_Anti- lock_Brake_System_(ABS) 11. Gorzelany, J. (2012). The Safest Cars For 2012. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/jimgorzelany/2012/01/20/safest-cars-for-2012/ 12. Abpischools. (2004). History of Medicine. Retrieved from http://www.abpischools.org.uk/res/coresourceimport/resources04/history
11
11 13. QOSINA. (2014). Medical Disposable Components. Retrieved from http://www.qosina.com/iso/isocert.asp