Maxx Planck Institute

Subject: Heat and Mass Transfer

Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hrs
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART A (10 x 2 = marks)
1. State Fourier's law of eat conduction.
!. "at is eat #eneration in solids$ %i&e exa'(les.
3. "at is lu'(ed s)ste' anal)sis$ "en is it used$
*. +n wic 'ode of eat transfer is te con&ection eat transfer coefficient usuall) i#er,
natural or forced con&ection$ ")$
-. Define bulk te'(erature.
.. /ist te &arious (ro'oters used for 'aintainin# dro(wise condensation.
0. Define /MTD of a eat excan#er.
1. "at do )ou understand b) ter'al radiation$
2. "at does te &iew factor re(resent$ "en te &iew factor fro' a surface to itself is 3ero$
10. "at is te ()sical 'eanin# of Sc'idt nu'ber$
PART B (5 x 16 = 80 marks)
11. 4a5 4i5 Define ter'al conducti&it). How does it &ar) wit te'(erature for #ases$ 4*5
4ii5 Deri&e te #eneral 36di'ensional eat conduction e7uation in c)lindrical coordinates.
8ssu'e te 'aterial as o'o#eneous isotro(ic continues. 41!5
9r
4b5 8 cold stora#e roo' as walls 'ade of !3 c' of brick on te outside, 1 c' of (lastic foa'
and finall) 1.- c' of wood on te inside. Te outside and inside air te'(eratures are !! :; and
6! :; res(ecti&el). Te inside and outside eat transfer coefficients are res(ecti&el) !2 and 1!
"<'
!
=. Te ter'al conducti&ities of brick, foa' and wood are 0.21, 0.0! and 0.1! "<'=
res(ecti&el). +f te total wall area is 20 '
!
, deter'ine te rate of eat re'o&al b) refri#eration
and te te'(erature of te inside of te suruface of te brick.
1!. 4a5 4i5 Define te &elocit) boundar) la)er and ter'al boundar) la)er ticknesses for flow
o&er a flat (late. 4*5
4ii5 8ir at *00 = and 1 bar (ressure flows at a s(eed of 1.- '<s o&er a flat (late of ! ' lon#. Te
(late is 'aintained at a unifor' te'(erature of 300 =. +f te (late as widt of 0.- ', esti'ate
te eat transfer coefficient and te rate of eat transfer fro' te air strea' to te (late. 8lso
esti'ate te dra# force actin# on te (late. 41!5
9r
4b5 8 . ' lon# section of an 1 c' dia'eter ori3ontal ot water (i(e (asses trou# a lar#e
roo' in wic te air and walls are at !0 :;. Te (i(e surface is at 00 :; and te e'issi&it) of
te (i(e surface is 0.0. Find te rate of eat loss fro' te (i(e b) natural con&ection and
radiation. 41.5
13. 4a5 ;onsider la'inar fil' condensation of a stationar) &a(our on a &ertical flat (late of
len#t / and widt b. Deri&e an ex(ression for te a&era#e eat transfer coefficient. State te
assu'(tions 'ade. 41.5
9r
4b5 4i5 >x(lain briefl) foulin# in eat excan#ers. 4.5
4ii5 Hot #ases enter a finned tube, cross flow eat excan#er wit a flow rate of 1.- k#<s and a
te'(erature of !-0 :;. Te #ases are used to eat water enterin# te excan#er at a flow rate of
1 k#<s and an inlet te'(erature of 3- :;. 9n te #as side, te o&erall eat transfer coefficient and
te area are 100 "<'
!
= and *0 '
!
res(ecti&el). "at is te rate of eat transfer b) te
excan#er and wat are te #as and water exit te'(eratures$ 8ssu'e ;( of #as as 1.0 k?<k#.=.
4105
1*. 4a5 4i5 Distin#uis between irradiation and radiosit). 4*5
4ii5 ;onsider a c)lindrical furnace wit outer radius 6 ei#t 1 '. Te to( 4surface 15 and te
base 4surface !5 of te furnace a&e e'issi&ities 0.1 @ 0.* and are 'aintained at unifor'
te'(eratures of 000 = and -00 = res(ecti&el). Te side surface closel) a((roxi'ates a black
bod) and is 'aintained at a te'(erature of *00 =. Find te net rate of radiation eat transfer at
eac surface durin# stead) state o(eration. 8ssu'e te &iew factor fro' te base to te to(
surface as 0.31. 41!5
9r
4b5 4i5 ;onsiderin# radiation in #ases, deri&e te ex(onential6deca) for'ula. 4.5
4ii5 Two lar#e (arallel (lanes wit e'issi&ities 0.3- and 0.1- excan#e eat b) radiation. Te
(lanes are res(ecti&el) 1003 = and 003 =. 8 radiation sield a&in# te e'issi&it) of 0.0* is
(laced between te'. Find te (ercenta#e reduction in radiation eat excan#e and te'(erature
of te sield. 4105
1-. 4a5 4i5 "it neat sketces, ex(lain te different t)(es of fins. 4*5
4ii5 8ir at 1.01 bar and 30 :; flows (ast a tra) full of water wit a &elocit) of ! '<s. Te (artial
(ressure of water &a(our is 0.0 kAa and te saturation (ressure is 3.10 kAa. Te tra) 'easures *0
c' alon# te flow direction and as a widt of !0 c'. ;alculate te e&a(oration rate of water if
te te'(erature on te water surface is !- :;. 8ssu'e te followin# (ro(erties for air: densit), (
B 1.! k#<'
3
, kine'atic &iscosit), & B 1- x 10
6.
'
!
<s and diffusi&it), D B 0.1*- '
!
<. 41!5
9r
4b5 "rite sort notes on te followin#: 41 C 15
4i5 8nalo#) between eat and 'ass transfer
4ii5 >&a(oration (rocess in te at'os(ere.