Project Management Framework

Based on PMBOK 5
th
Edition
Waleed El-Naggar, MBA, PMP
https://www.facebook.com/waleed.naggar
What is a Project
What is Project Management
PMO
Organizational Structure
Project Stakeholders
Project Phases
Project Management Process Groups
PMI/PMP
Agenda
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Definite beginning and a definite end
Does not mean short duration
Produce a product or artifact, quantifiable, an end item or
a component item
A capability to perform a service, such as call center
A result, such as research results or documents
An improvement in an existing product or service
What is a Project?
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A temporary endeavor undertaken to create
a unique product, service or result
Project vs. Operation
Operations are an organizational function performing an
ongoing execution of activities.
Examples: Production, manufacturing, and accounting
operations.
Projects help achieve the organizational goals when they
are aligned with the organizations strategy.
Projects require project management while operations
require business process management (BPM) or
operations management.
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Project or Operation?
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Project or Operation?
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Project or Operation?
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Projects and Strategic Planning
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Projects start as a result of:
Market demand
Strategic opportunity and business need
Social need
Environmental consideration
Customer request
Technological Advance
Legal requirements
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The Triple Constraints
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Portfolio, Program and Projects
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Subproject
A manageable component of a project
May be performed by a separate organization
Could be a project phase
Subprojects are typically referred to as projects
and managed as such
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What Is Project Management?
The application of knowledge, skills, tools, & techniques to
project activities to meet project requirements
Project management is accomplished through the
appropriate application and integration of the 47 logically
grouped project management processes categorized into
5 process groups:
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Monitoring and Controlling
Closure
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Program Management
A program is a group of related project, sub-projects, and
program activities managed in a coordinated way.
Projects are related through common outcome or
collective capability.
Focus on project interdependencies and help determine
the optimal approach for managing them.
Interdependencies such as:
Resource Constraints
Aligning organizational direction
Resolve issues and change management
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Project Management Office (PMO)
A management structure that standardizes the
project-related governance processes and
facilitates the sharing of resources, methodologies,
tools and techniques.
Provides dedicated training, enterprise-wide project
management software, Coordinates overall project
quality standards.
PMO may have the authority to act as an integral
stakeholder and a key decision maker through the
life of the project
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PMO Structure
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The Role of Project Manager
The project manager is responsible to satisfy
needs: task needs, team needs and individual
needs to achieve project goals.
Project managers need interpersonal skills such as:
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Leadership
Team Building
Motivation
Communication
Influencing
Decision making
Political and culture
awareness
Negotiation
Trust Building
Conflict Management
Coaching
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Organizational Structures
Functional
Projectized
Weak Matrix
Balanced Matrix
Strong Matrix
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Functional Organization
Project
Coordination
Chief
Executive
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Staff Staff Staff
Staff
Staff Staff
Staff Staff
Staff
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Projectized Organization
Project
Manager
Project
Manager
Project
Manager
Staff Staff Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff Staff
Staff Staff
Chief
Executive
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Weak Matrix Organization
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Staff Staff Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff Staff
Staff Staff
Project
Coordination
Chief
Executive
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Balanced Matrix Organization
Chief
Executive
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Staff Staff Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff Staff
Manager
Staff
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Strong Matrix Organization
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Functional
Manager
Staff Staff Staff
Staff
Staff
Staff Staff
Staff Staff
Manager of Project
Managers
Project Manager
Project Manager
Project Manager
Chief
Executive
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Organizational Structure Influences
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Advantages/Disadvantages of Organizations
I. Functional Organization
Grouped by areas of specialization/ functions. Power
is with the functional leader.
Advantages: Access to specialists; members
reporting to only one supervisor, clearly defined
career paths
Disadvantages: less focus on project deliverables,
no career path on Project Management, PM has no
authority
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Organization is by projects. Personnel report to
PM/has total power.
Advantages: Efficient project organization -
Loyalty to the project - effective communications.
Disadvantages: No home after the project is
completed - duplication of facilities.
II. Projectized Organization
Advantages/Disadvantages of Organizations
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Power varies between Project & Functional managers
according to its type (strong, balanced or weak)
Advantages:
Maximum utilization of scarce resources
Efficient horizontal & vertical dissemination of information
Retention of home after project closure.
Disadvantages:
Different priorities between PM & FM (Conflicts)
Dual reporting
Complex to monitor and control
Duplication of effort
III. Matrix Organization
Advantages/Disadvantages of Organizations
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Salma is a project manager in a company that
regularly builds teams to create products for
clients. When the product is delivered, the team is
dissolved & assigned to other projects. What kind
of organization is that?
A. Weak matrix
B. Projectized
C. Functional
D. Strong matrix
Quiz:
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Balance of Power in an Organization
Pure
Functional
Weak
Matrix
Balanced
Matrix
Strong
Matrix
Pure
Projectized
Functional Influence in Decision Making
Project Influence in Decision Making
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Authority/Responsibility Balance
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Organizational Process Assets
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Enterprise Environmental Factors
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Which of the following is NOT part of the
enterprise environmental factors?:
A. Lessons learned from previous projects
B. Knowledge of which departments in your
company typically work on projects
C. The work authorization system
D. Government and industry standards that affect
your project
Quiz:
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Project Stakeholders
Key Stakeholders
Project manager Manages the project
Customer Uses the product or service
Performing organization Enterprise that does the project
work
Sponsor Provides financial resources
Individuals and organizations who are
actively involved in the project and whose
interests may be positively or negatively
affected by the project success or failure
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Project Stakeholders
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What Is a Deliverable?
A unique and verifiable product, result, or
capability to perform a service that is required to
be produced to complete a process, phase or
project.
A deliverable often marks the end of a phase of
the project or a major milestone.
Phase end = Phase exit, stage gates, or kill points
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Cost & Staffing levels across the
project life cycle
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Impact of Variable Based on
Project Progress
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Project Phases
Divides the project into phases that provide
better management control and the appropriate
links to the operations of the organization
Project Governance Across the Life Cycle
Phase-to-Phase Relationship
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Project Phases
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Predictive Lifecycle
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Iterative/Incremental Lifecycle
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Adaptive/Agile Lifecycle
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Project Management Process Groups
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Project Management Process Groups (1)
Initiating Process Group
Defines and authorizes the project or a project phase
Planning Process Group
Defines and refines objectives, and plans the course
of action required to attain the objectives and scope
that the project was undertaken to address
Executing Process Group
Integrates people and other resources to carry out the
project management plan for the project
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Project Management Process Groups (2)
Monitoring and Controlling Process Group
Regularly measures and monitors progress to identify
variances from the project management plan so that
corrective action can be taken when necessary to meet
project objectives
Closing Process Group
Formalizes acceptance of the product, services or
result and brings the project or a project phase to an
orderly end
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Process Groups Interaction
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Quiz
The project life cycle is comprised of which of
the following?
A. Phases
B. Milestones
C. Estimates
D. Deliverables
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Quiz
What type of organization is BEST for
managing complex projects involving cross
disciplinary efforts?
A. Projectized
B. Functional
C. Line
D. Matrix
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Quiz
Of the following, which is the logical order of the
project management processes?
A. Initiating, planning, controlling, executing, closing
B. Planning, initiating, controlling, executing, closing
C. Initiating, planning, executing, controlling, closing
D. Planning, initiating, executing, closing
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Project Management Institute
Founded in 1969, the Project Management
Institute (PMI) has grown to be the organization
of choice for project management professionals
world wide.
600,000 members representing 184 countries
Establishes project management standards,
provide seminars, educational programs and
professional certification.
http://www.pmi.org
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Project Management Professional (PMP)
The PMP certification is the most widely recognized and
respected certification in the field of project
management. The purpose and goal of this certification
program is the development, maintenance, evaluation,
promotion, and administration of a rigorous,
examination-based, professional certification program of
the highest caliber.
Worldwide there are 510,434 PMPs all over the world
(Dec 31
st
, 2012).
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Certification Test Eligibility Requirements
Category 1
Baccalaureate/equivalent degree

Minimum of 4,500 hours of project
management experience within the five
process groups (Initiation, Planning,
Execution, Control, Closing)

3 years of project management
experience within the last 6 years (36
months of non-overlapping months of
PM experience).

35 contact hours of project management
education.

Category 2
High School diploma/equivalent degree

Minimum of 7,500 hours of project
management experience within the five
process groups (Initiation, Planning,
Execution, Control, Closing)

5 years of project management
experience within the last 8 years (60
months of non-overlapping months of
PM experience).

35 contact hours of project management
education.

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PMP Over the Years
Project Management Institute Certificates
Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM)
Project Management Professional (PMP)
Program Management Professional (PgMP)
PMI Agile Certified Practitioner (PMI-ACP)
PMI Risk Management Professional (PMI-RMP)
PMI Scheduling Professional (PMI-SP)
OPM3 Professional Certification
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Thank you
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