Indra, Vrtra, Agni, Soma, Adityas, Mitr-Varuna, Usha, Savitu, Vishnu, Rudra, Pushan, Brihaspati,

Bramhanaspati, Dyaus Pita, Prithivi, Surya, Vayu, Apas, Parjanya, Vac (The world), Rivers, Vasus,
Sadhyas, Ashvins, Marutas, Rbhus, Vishadevas,
The Rigvedic hymns are dedicated to various deities, chief of whom are Indra, a heroic god praised
for having slain his enemy Vrtra; Agni, the sacrificial fire; and Soma, the sacred potion or the plant it
is made from. Equally prominent gods are the Adityas or Asura gods MitraVaruna and Ushas (the
dawn). Also invoked are Savitr, Vishnu, Rudra, Pushan, Brihaspatior Brahmanaspati, as well as
deified natural phenomena such as Dyaus Pita (the shining sky, Father Heaven), Prithivi (the earth,
Mother Earth), Surya (the sun god), Vayu or Vata (the wind), Apas (the waters), Parjanya (the
thunder and rain), Vac(the word), many rivers (notably the Sapta Sindhu, and the Sarasvati River).
The Adityas, Vasus, Rudras, Sadhyas, Ashvins,Maruts, Rbhus, and the Vishvadevas ("all-gods") as
well as the "thirty-three gods" are the groups of deities mentioned.
The hymns mention various further minor gods, persons, phenomena and items, and contain
fragmentary references to possible historical events, notably the struggle between the early Vedic
people (known as Vedic Aryans, a subgroup of theIndo-Aryans) and their enemies, the Dasa or
Dasyu and their mythical prototypes, the Pai (the Bactrian Parna).
Mandala 1 comprises 191 hymns. Hymn 1.1 is addressed to Agni, and his name is the first word
of the Rigveda. The remaining hymns are mainly addressed to Agni and Indra, as well as
Varuna, Mitra, the Ashvins, the Maruts, Usas, Surya, Rbhus, Rudra, Vayu, Brhaspati, Visnu,
Heaven and Earth, and all the Gods.
Mandala 2 comprises 43 hymns, mainly to Agni and Indra. It is chiefly attributed to the
Rishi gtsamada aunahotra.
Mandala 3 comprises 62 hymns, mainly to Agni and Indra and the Vishvedevas. The verse
3.62.10 has great importance in Hinduismas the Gayatri Mantra. Most hymns in this book are
attributed tovivmitra gthina.
Mandala 4 comprises 58 hymns, mainly to Agni and Indra as well as the Rbhus, Ashvins,
Brhaspati, Vayu, Usas, etc. Most hymns in this book are attributed to vmadeva gautama.
Mandala 5 comprises 87 hymns, mainly to Agni and Indra, theVisvedevas ("all the gods'),
the Maruts, the twin-deity Mitra-Varunaand the Asvins. Two hymns each are dedicated
to Ushas (the dawn) and to Savitr. Most hymns in this book are attributed to the atri clan.
Mandala 6 comprises 75 hymns, mainly to Agni and Indra, all the gods, Pusan, Ashvin, Usas,
etc. Most hymns in this book are attributed to the brhaspatya family of Angirasas.
Mandala 7 comprises 104 hymns, to Agni, Indra, the Visvadevas, the Maruts, Mitra-Varuna,
the Asvins, Ushas, Indra-Varuna, Varuna, Vayu (the wind), two each to Sarasvati (ancient
river/goddess of learning) and Vishnu, and to others. Most hymns in this book are attributed
to vasiha maitravarui.
Mandala 8 comprises 103 hymns to various gods. Hymns 8.49 to 8.59 are the
apocryphal vlakhilya. Hymns 148 and 6066 are attributed to the kva clan, the rest to other
(Angirasa) poets.
Mandala 9 comprises 114 hymns, entirely devoted to Soma Pavamana, the cleansing of the
sacred potion of the Vedic religion.
Mandala 10 comprises additional 191 hymns, frequently in later language, addressed
to Agni, Indra and various other deities. It contains the Nadistuti sukta which is in praise of rivers
and is important for the reconstruction of the geography of the Vedic civilization and the Purusha
sukta which has great significance in Hindu social tradition. It also contains theNasadiya
sukta (10.129), probably the most celebrated hymn in the west, which deals with creation. The
marriage hymns (10.85) and the death hymns (10.1018) still are of great importance in the
performance of the corresponding Grhyarituals.

Sr No Rig Vedic Gods
1
Indra
He was the most important divinity. He played the role of a warlord,
leading the Aryan soldiers to victory against the demons. 250 hymns
are devoted to him in the Rig Veda. He was associated with thunder and
storm and is addressed by various names: Ratheshtha, Jitendra
Somapa, Purandra, Varitrahan and Maghayam
2
Agni
He was the second important divinity. He was intermediary between
Gods and men. 200 hymns of the Rig Veda are devoted to him.
3
Varuna
He was the upholder of Rita or cosmic order or natural order. He
personified water.
4
Soma
He was considered to be the God of plants. An intoxicant drink was also
called soma.
5 Yama He was the guardian of the world of dead.
6 Surya Similar to that of the Greek God Helios
7 Savitri The famous Gayatri mantra is addressed to Savitri
8
Pusan
Lord of jungle path, main function was that of guarding of roads,
herdsmen and cattle.
9 Vishnu A relatively minor God at that time.
10 Vayu Wind God
11 Dyaus Father of Heaven
12 Aditi Goddess of Eternity
13 Maruts Storm Spirits
14 Gandharvas Divine Musicians
15 Ashvins Healers of diseases and experts in surgical art
16 Ribhus Gnomes
17 Apsaras Mistresses of Gods
18 Rudra An archer of God, whose anger brought disease
19 Vishvadeva Intermediate Deities
20 Aranyani Goddess of Forest
21 Usha Goddess of Dawn
22 Prithvi Goddess of Earth
23 Dhyohu
24
Brihaspati
These are eleven hyms in Rig-veda entirely devoted to Brihaspati. Along
with
Indra he has. been praised in two hymns. The modern scholars opine
that Brihaspati and Brahmanaspati are one and the same. Sayana
draws a distinction between the two. According to Yaska, Brihaspati and
Brahmanaspati are the water givers.
25
Parjanya
In Rig-Veda only three hymns are dedicated to Parjanya. Without rain
we cannot
live and hence Parjanya is the only rescuer for us; in some places
Parjanya is also talked as the cloud. Samanametadudaka
muccyaityavacahabihi. Bhumim Parjanya jinvanti divam
jinvantyagnayaha.
26
Vishnu
In Rigveda six hymns have been dedicated to Vishnu. Vishnu has
resemblance with
Surya. Vishnu has his appearance with rays of the Surya. He is known
for his Omniscience. Vyapanat vishnuh. Vishnu traverses in three paths.
Only two paths are known to men. The third path is invisible.
Trutiyamasya nakiradarshati vayascana patayantah patatrinah143