Hostel Building Design

1
PLANNING, ANALYSIS, DESIGN OF ONE STORES

SCHOOL BUILDING
2

1.

INTRODUCTION 1-4

1.1 GENERAL 1

1.2 PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS 1

1.3 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS 1

1.4 SPECIFICATIONS 2

1.4.1 FOOTING 2

1.4.2 DAMP PROOF COARSE 2

1.4.3 PLINTH 2

1.4.4 FRAMES 2

1.4.5 SUPER STRUCTURE 3

1.4.6 ROOF 3

1.4.7 FLOORING 3

1.4.8 PLASTERING 3

1.4.9 DOORS AND WINDOWS 3

1.4.10 STAIRCASE 4

1.4.11 WHITE WASHING ,COLOUR
WASHING AND PAINTING

4

2. METHODOLOGY

5
3. ANALYSIS

6-12
3.1 INTRODUCTION

6
3.2 ANALYSIS

8
3

4. DESIGN

13-35
4.1 INTRODUCTION

13
4.1.1 DESIGN OF SLABS

14
4.2.DESIGN OF BEAMS

22
4.3 DESIGN OF COLUMNS

24
4.4 DESIGN OF FOOTING

30
4.5 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE

33
5. REINFORCEMENT DETAILS

36
6. PLANS

39
7. CONCLUSION

44
8. REFERENCE

46
4

ABSTRACT

The primary objective of this project is to gain sufficient knowledge
inplanning, analysis, and design of school building in karimnagar.
Our project deals with the plan and design of a school building. It is a
reinforced concrete framed structure consisting of G +1 with adequate facilities.
IS 456:2000 codes is the basic code for general construction in concrete
structures, hence all the structural members are designed using limit state method in
accordance with the IS 456:2000 code and design aids.
The planning of any building in India will be recognized by National Building
Code (NBC), hence the building is planned in accordance with the National Building
Code of India.
The building includes the following:
1. Principal room
2. Visitors room
3. Class rooms
4. Bath rooms
5. Student library roomsets..
The School building has proper ventilation, it is provided with sufficient
doors, windows. Water supply and electrification are also provided.
The ceiling height is provided as 3m, for assembly buildings as mentioned
Building Code (NBC) is using software STAADPROV8i

5

LIST OF SYMBOLS

SYMBOL

DESCRIPTION
D Effective depth in mm
D Overall depth in mm
l
y
Longer span length
l
x
Shorter span length
W Factored load
x
Bending moment coefficient along shorter direction
y
Bending moment coefficient along longer direction
d
req
Depth required
M
u
Bending moment
M
ulim
Ultimate moment
A
st
Area of steel in tension
A
sc
Area of steel in compression
f
y
Grade of steel
f
ck
Grade of concrete
X
u
Depth of neutral axis
B Breadth
A
st
(req) Reinforcement required
A
st
(pro) Reinforcement provided
P Percentage of steel
Diameter of bar used

Peq Equivalent load
6

v Nominal shear stress
c Shear capacity of concrete
D.L Dead load
L.L Live load
Lx Effective length in shorter span
Ly Effective length in longer span
Sv Spacing of stirrups
V Shear force
Vu Design Shear force
Pu Ultimate axial load
Ag Gross sectional area of column

7

CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
The main objective of our project is to know the various design aspects
like planning, analysis and design etc. We have planned to design a school
building consisting of one floors (G+1).The planning is done as per the
requirements and regulations given by the National Building Code (NBC)
using staadprovi8 software.
1.2 Practical considerations
Besides all the fundamentals of planning discussed, following practical
points should be additionally considered:

1) The elements of the building should be strong and capable to withstand
the likely adverse effects of natural agencies.
2) Strength,stability, convenience and comfort of the occupants should be
the first consideration in planning.
3) Elevation should be simple but attractive. The number of doors and
windows provided should be less for a school building.
4) The provisions of built in furniture at proper places are useful from the
point of view of utility.
5) Since the plan is for a school building, the locker rooms must be
secured with thicker walls than usual.

1.3 Planning considerations
The plan and detailing was drawn using &Design STaADPROVi8. The
proposed area of the school is 8000 sq.m. The shape of the building is
rectangular in plan. The building consists of ground floor, first floor. The
parking space is provided around the building.The floor height of the building
is 3m.The height of the parapet wall is 1m.The staircase is provided with
enough safe.
8

Area of each floor is given below
Ground floor = 2000sqm
First floor = 2000sqm
Total area =8000sqm

9

10

11

12

1.4 Specifications
1.4.1 Footing
Earth work excavation for foundation is proposed to a depth of
1.50m.below the ground level. For design, the safe bearing capacity of soil is
assumed as 200KN/
.Isolated footings are provided with a concrete grade of

M20. The maximum axial load 2210KN as arrived from analysis result is
taken for the design of the footing.

1.4.2 Damp proof coarse
The damp proof course is to be provided around the plinth level using
C.M 1:3 with a thickness of 20mm. The column below the ground level are
also provided with damp proof course of C.M 1:3

1.4.3 Plinth
The plinth beam will be at a level of 0.5m above the ground level. M20
grade of concrete is used and Fe415 steel was used for plinth design.

1.4.4 Frames

13

All the R.C.C. structural components are designed using M20 grade
steel. Each member is designed separately for its loading condition
And its location as per the IS 456:2000 and SP 16 codes. The dimension of
slab, beam, column and footing are designed according to the IS 456:2000
code. The column is designed as per the design principles given in SP-16 and
the axial load was taken from the analysis results.

1.4.5 Super Structure

The super structure is proposed in CM.1:6 using second class brick
work. Brick partition walls of 110mm thick are also proposed using the C.M
1:4 with a width of 300mm as a safety measure.

1.4.6 Roof

R.C.C Roof in M20 concrete is to be laid. A layer of weathering coarse
using brick jelly lime mortar is to be used. Considering the future expansion
of the structure, the roof slab is also designed as same as that of the floor
slabs.
1.4.7Flooring
In each floor, all the rooms are to be provided with P.C.C. 1:5:10 as
flooring base. The floors of entrance, toilet floors, staircase and entire flat are
to be finished with granite tiles over the P.C.C. 1:2:4 flooring.

1.4.8Plastering

All walls and structural members including the basement will be
plastered smooth with C.M. 1:5 externally and internally, using 12mm thick
plastering mortar.

1.4.9 Doors and windows
14

The main door will be of steel having a sliding shutter. The other doors
inside the bank are to be provided with aluminum panel. The windows are to
be provided with steel and glazing is provided to supply a good light from
outside.

1.4.10 Staircase

The stair will be of M20 grade concrete and Fe415 steel with a rise of
150mm and tread of 300mm. The staircase is designed as spanning parallel to
landing slab referring to IS 456-2000.

1.4.11 White washing, Color washing, Painting

All the inner walls are to be finished with a first coat of white cement
wash and then coloring as required. All the joiners and iron works are to be
finished with two coats of synthetic enamel paint. The toilet walls are to be
provided with mat finishing.

2.1 OPEN TYPE This
hostel is planned as 8shape. Rooms of each wing of blocks are aligned in a inclined
line. They shall be generally opened to verandah in front of them. Thus the
orientation of all rooms is same and they shall be subjected to same advantages and
disadvantages.

2.1.1 MERITS:
1. Their construction is very simple practically no skill.
2. All the rooms shall be receiving almost the same amount of wind and sun
at a time and hence no preference exists for some rooms over the other.
15

2.1.2 DEMERITS:
1. they are monotonous practically with no engineering skills.
2. Invariably they of open type and hence locking the hostel at a common
entrance and security for inmates are less in case of any trouble.
2.2 REQUIREMENTS OF HOSTEL
Study bed:
Recommended 6.7 to 7.0 sqm for single study bed
5.6 to 6.0 sqm for triple study bed
Prevalent 0.6 to 9.3 sqm for single study bed
Area of Dining Hall:
Recommended 0.74 sqm per diner for self service
1.12 sqm per diner for self service
Prevalent 1.30 sqm per diner

Kitchen:
Recommended 0.40 sqm per up to 400 diners
0.50 sqm per diner up to 200 diners
Prevalent 0.35 sqm per diner

On an average 16.25 sqm per student is considered adequate for total floor
area of the hostel compared to 18.6 sqm per student according to the prevalent
norms.
The floor area other ancillary accommodation in the hostel may be taken as;
Floor area per student in single seated room 10.00sqm
Floor area per student in 3or4 seated rooms 7.75sqm
Common and reading room per student 0.50sqm
Dining hall per student 0.70sqm
Kitchen per student 0.60sqm
Separate bath, w/c and urinal - one bath and one w/c per 8 students and one
urinal for 16 students.
Verandah, passage, stairs etc., 20% to 30%of the plinth area
16

Space occupied by the walls - 15% to 20%of the plinth area
If the rooms are not single seated separated, study room
May be provided for 25% students at 2.4 sqm per student i.e., at the rate of 0.6
sqm per student for the whole.
The plinth area of hostel per student may range between 20 to 24sqm.
The height of the hostel should not be less than 3.3m. One built in ward robe
should be provide for student. There should be 2.5m wide verandah in front of the
rooms. All the rooms should be well lighted and ventilated. Windows and ventilators
should be provided.

2.3 ASPECTS
Hostels are domestic buildings in continuous occupation for all seasons of the
year the aspect given to various rooms should follow the normal domestic
allocations. Living rooms and bed sitting rooms should have the positions receiving
from sun light even during the winter months. Less good aspect given to kitchen
although pleasant working conditions should be achieved.
Recreation room may be given the sunny aspect being mainly used during the
wet weather or in the evening. When hostels are provided in less crowded areas it is
desirable to include sufficient site area for garden and for games unless such
facilities are already available in the neighborhood or at all places of work to which
hostels may be attached.

2.4 VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF HOSTEL
2.4.1. Entrance:

The entrance hall will serve as a reception and waiting area. It is normal for
the purpose of control to have only one entrance.

2.4.2. Administrative office:

17

Hostels are generally run by the manager or looked after by a warden. An
office should be located in the central place. A separate room should be provided
for this purpose.

2.4.3. Visitors Room:

This is usually approached directly from the entrance hall and furnished as
normal sitting rooms. It is generally provided for receiving guest or as a room
where visitors can sit and talk privately with inmates.

2.4.4. Recreation Room:

This is usually approached directly from the entrance hall and furnished as
normal sitting rooms. It is generally provided for receiving guest or as a room
where visitors can sit and talk privately with inmates.

2.4.5. Kitchen Room:

A pleasant outlook for the staff is desirable, especially in preparation areas of
the kitchen 0.41 sqm per one diner is provided

2.4.6. Dining Room:

It is a place where all the students have their meals. It should be very clean,
well ventilated. The actual area for this is 146.76 sqm, 0.64 per diner is provided
in the dining hall.

18

2.4.7. Store:

It is for storing the materials for kitchen like rice, vegetables etc., and also for
storing cooking utensils.

2.4.8. Types OF Rooms: In this hostel,
two types of residential areas are provided.
2.4.8. A single rooms
2.4.8. B Triple rooms

2.4.8. A SI NGLE ROOMS
The single rooms provide controlled privacy for its occupants with respective
all other students. It may be opened directly to a corridor, and thus provide complete
privacy. A single room should be arranged suitably, so that it is possible to study
effectively with an invited second person. In addition, the student should be able to
play the radio, phonograph, tape recorder or quiet instruments and to indulge in
reasonable recreational activity without creating acoustical problem for his
neighbors. An authority believes the single rooms are unlikely to be really
humanity satisfactory if it is less than 120 sq. ft, i.e.., and 11.09 sqm. The furniture
should be movable, not fixed, to allow the student to organize in his own way.
Clear area of single room=9.182 sqm.

2.4.8. B TRI PLE ROOMS
This form has been popular with some students on a small number of
composes where this arrangement has been made possible a large number of
different space arrangements. The resulting individually of the layout of the room
would appear to be a major reason for the popularity of such space, since some
students seems to prefer three seater instead of two seater room. The triple room,
however, tends to breed more serious inter personal problems.
In the proposed hostel all room provided are in rectangular in shape.

19

2.5 FRONT OPEN SPACE
Every building facing a street shall have front yard forming an integral part of
the building of the site of a minimum width of 3m and in no cases less than 1.8m.
Each site shall have a minimum frontage of 6m.On any street for the buildings
up to a height of 10m. No construction work of a building shall be under taken
within 7.5 m from the center line of any street as determined by the authority for the
individual road/ street width taking into account for the traffic flow.

2.5.1 REAR OPEN SPACE:
Every building shall have a rear yard forming integral part of the site of an
average width of 3m and at no place measuring less than 1.8m. Except in the case of
back to back site width of the rear yard shall be 3m throughout.

2.5.2 SI DE OPEN SPACE:
Every building semi-detached and detached building shall have a
permanently then air space forming integral part of the site of not less than 3m in
width on the sides.

2.6 AREA OF OPENING
For light and ventilation a clear window area in wall abutting to air space
either directly or through an open verandah or gallery should not be less than one
sixth for wet hot climate. The aggregate area of door and windows need not be
closed for the sake of privacy or security; total area may be provided either by doors
or windows.
Generally, the aggregate area of the ventilation is provided at the rate of
0.1sqm. For every 10 cum of space of such rooms.
20

Where no ventilators are provided, the windows should extend to the ceiling
and preferably for such tall windows, two sheets of shutters, one in upper half and
another in lower half should be provided. When lower shutters are closed for the
sake of privacy, the upper half remaining open would facilitate ventilation.
The sill of the window shall not be kept less than 0.75 above the floor.

2.7 SUNSHADES OVER WINDOWS AND VENTILATORS:

Projection of sunshades over windows or ventilators when permitted by the
authority shall fulfill the following conditions.
Sunshade shall not be permitted over the road or over any drain or over any
portion outside the boundaries of the site below a height of 2.8m from the road level.
Sunshades provided above a height of 2.8m from ground level shall be
permitted to project up to maximum width of 60cm.

21

CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

NBC

Planning

Drawing

Analysis

Designing

Collection of data
NBC
AUTOCAD

BENDING MOMENT
SHEAR FORCE
STAADPROVi8
Software

STAADPRO
Vi8
Software

22

CHAPTER-3
ANALYSIS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Structural analysis is the application of solid mechanics to predict the
response (in terms of force and displacements) of a given structure (existing or
proposed) subjected to specified loads.
Based on degree of indeterminacy the structure will be classified as
i. Determinate structure
ii. Indeterminate structure
The determinate structure can be completely analyzed by using equilibrium
equation. I.e.M =0;V=0; & H=0.
Example: simply supported beam, cantilever beam, overhanging beam.
In the indeterminate structure, cant be complete analyzed by equilibrium
equations.
Example: Fixed beam, continuous beam, and propped cantilever beam.

Moment Area method:
This method is used for analyzing cantilever and fixed beam.

Theorem of three moment equation:
It is more suitable for continuous beam.

Moment distribution method:
It is the iterative technique.

Slope- deflection method:
When the beam has more than four spans then the calculation is difficult.

23

Stiffness method:
Force and displacements play on important role in the structural
analysis. In this method the force is measured to produce a unit displacement.

Flexibility method:
It is the inverse of stiffness. It is defined as the measure of displacement
caused by the unit load. The moment distribution method for the analysis of
beam is adopted in this project.

****************************************************
* *
* STAAD.Pro*
* Version 2007 Build 04 *
* Proprietary Program of *
* Research Engineers, Intl. *
* Date= JAN 24, 2014 *
* Time= 17:35:41 *
* *
* USER ID: *
****************************************************

377. YRANGE 0 12 FLOAD -6 GY
378. PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL

24

25

26

Software licensed to
Part
Ref
27

By Date Chd
File Date/Time
1
24-Jan-14
schh.std 24-Jan-2014 17:35
2#12 @ 31.00 0.00 To 5000.00
4#10 @ 420.00 0.00 To 3333.33 4#10 @ 420.00 3333.33 To 5000.00
17 # 8 c/c 140.00 17 # 8 c/c 140.00
at 0.000 at 2499.999 at 4999.999
Design Load
Mz(Kn Met) Diste t Load
20.600000 2.500000 1
-38.230000 0.000000 1
-35.810001 5.000000 1
Design Parameter
Fy(Mpa) 415.000000
Fc(Mpa) 30.000000
Depth(m) 0.450000
Width(m) 0.230000
Length(m) 5.000000
STAAD.Pro Query Concrete Design
Beam no. 1102
Design Code: IS-456
Print Time/Date: 24/01/2014 18:19 STAAD.Pro for Windows 20.07.04.12
Print Run 1 of 1

28

CHAPTER-4
DESIGN
Introduction
Proper nomenclature of floors and storeys and also unified and improved
methods of designating the structural members eliminate the possible confusion and
led to less efforts and saving in time in the preparation of design calculation and
drawings.
There are two main methods to design the structural members, they are
working stress method and limit state method. Here, we adopt the limit state method
for designing all the structural members involved, in our project. The structures are
designed to its elastic limit in the working stress method, whereas in the limit state
method of design, the structural members are designed up to its plastic limits.
Both the methods are having the safety value. But, the most economical
method is the limits state method, which is adopted in every constructional design
nowadays. Hence we planned to go for the limit state method of design. For our
project work we took only for important structural members to design they are slab,
beam, column and footing. The slab is designed by assuming it as simply supported
with four edges discontinuous, for easier design calculation.
The beam is designed by knowing its span and its location (inner and outer).
The beam has to carry the self-weight of slab and live load of 4KN on its self-weight
also. The live load on each beam will be calculated separately by considering the
load transmission diagram. In some beams where the wall is constructed above it,
the self-weight of wall has to be added.The column and footing design are made by
29

knowing the maximum axial load on each column. The column alone is designed by
following the SP 16 codes.

30

4.1 &BEAM DESIGN USING STAADPROi8

381. DESIGN BEAM 1 TO 161 342 TO 502 593 TO 753 844 TO 1004 1095 TO
1255
STAAD SPACE -- PAGE NO. 882

============================================================
================
B E A M N O. 1 D E S I G N R E S U L T S

M20 Fe415 (Main) Fe415 (Sec.)

LENGTH: 5000.0 mm SIZE: 230.0 mm X 450.0 mm COVER: 25.0 mm

SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION 0.0 mm 1250.0 mm 2500.0 mm 3750.0 mm 5000.0 mm
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 247.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 259.49
REINF. (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm) (Sq. mm)

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINF. AREA
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
31

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10
REINF. 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s) 1 layer(s)

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

SHEAR 2 legged 8 2 legged 8 2 legged 8 2 legged 8 2 legged 8
REINF. @ 140 mm c/c @ 140 mm c/c @ 140 mm c/c @ 140 mm c/c @ 140 mm
c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM
FACE OF THE SUPPORT

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 715.0 mm AWAY FROM START SUPPORT
VY = 31.51 MX = -0.29 LD= 1
Provide 2 Legged 8 @ 140 mm c/c

SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 715.0 mm AWAY FROM END SUPPORT
VY = -32.09 MX = -0.29 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================
32





----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.51

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

33

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 31.84 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -31.76 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



34

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.46

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

35

VY = 31.84 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -31.76 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.39

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
36

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------


FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 31.84 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -31.76 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

37

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.37

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10
38


BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 31.84 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -31.76 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================


============================================================
================
39




----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.34

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
40

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 31.84 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -31.76 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================




41

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.25

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 31.85 MX = 0.00 LD= 1
42


VY = -31.75 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 254.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 254.36

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

43


----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 31.85 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -31.75 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

44

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 259.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 247.68

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 4-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10
45


BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------


FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 32.17 MX = 0.29 LD= 1

VY = -31.43 MX = 0.29 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================
46




----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 212.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 271.69

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-10 2-10 2-102-10 4-10

BOTTOM 2-12 2-122-122-122-12

c/c
47

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 32.27 MX = 0.10 LD= 1

VY = -35.44 MX = 0.10 LD= 1

============================================================
================


============================================================
================



48

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 330.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.68

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.88 197.86 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.08 MX = 0.00 LD= 1
49


VY = -53.69 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================




----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 329.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.79

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.98 197.86 0.00
50

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.07 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -53.71 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

51

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 329.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.79

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.98 197.86 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------
52

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.07 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -53.71 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================
53




----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 329.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.79

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.98 197.86 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
54

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.07 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -53.71 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



55

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 329.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.79

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.98 197.86 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.07 MX = 0.00 LD= 1
56


VY = -53.71 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================


============================================================
================



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 329.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.79

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.98 197.86 0.00
57

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.07 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -53.71 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

58

============================================================
================

============================================================
================




----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 329.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.79

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.98 197.86 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
59

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.07 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -53.71 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================
60




----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 330.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 422.68

BOTTOM 0.00 197.86 239.88 197.86 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------


----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 3-12 2-12 2-122-12 4-12

BOTTOM 2-10 3-10 4-10 3-10 2-10

61

c/c
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 49.08 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

VY = -53.69 MX = 0.00 LD= 1

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



62

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOP 212.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 271.69

BOTTOM 0.00 197.38 197.38 197.38 0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. DESIGN OF COULMAN

C O L U M N N O.162 D E S I G N R E S U L T S


LENGTH: 1500.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 300.0 mm X 600.0 mm COVER:
40.0 mm

** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 1 END JOINT: 91 SHORT COLUMN

REQD. STEEL AREA : 316.74 Sq.mm.
REQD. CONCRETE AREA: 39592.04 Sq.mm.
MAIN REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 - 12 dia. (0.50%, 904.78 Sq.mm.)
(Equally distributed)
TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 190 mm c/c

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED (KNS-
MET)
63

----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2524.31 Muz1 : 147.20 Muy1 : 71.98

INTERACTION RATIO: 0.22 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000)

SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT PROVIDED (KNS-
MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 1
END JOINT: 1 Puz : 2699.40 Muz : 193.69 Muy : 90.87 IR: 0.27

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



40.0 mm



64


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2575.56 Muz1 : 192.64 Muy1 : 93.35


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 2

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



40.0 mm
65



MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2575.85 Muz1 : 192.83 Muy1 : 93.44


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 2

============================================================
================

============================================================
================
66



40.0 mm



MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2575.83 Muz1 : 192.81 Muy1 : 93.43


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 2

============================================================
================
67

============================================================
================



40.0 mm




MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2575.82 Muz1 : 192.81 Muy1 : 93.43


68

MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 2

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



40.0 mm



MET)
69

----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2575.82 Muz1 : 192.81 Muy1 : 93.43


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 2

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



40.0 mm


70


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
Puz : 2575.83 Muz1 : 192.81 Muy1 : 93.43


MET)
----------------------------------------------------------
WORST LOAD CASE: 2

============================================================
================

============================================================
================



40.0 mm
71


4.1 DESIGN OF SLAB

4.1.1 Slab 1: Two adjacent edges discontinuous
Data
Dimension of slab = 3 m 3 m f
ck
= 20 N/m
2

Support width = 230 mm f
y
= 415 N/m
2

Live load = 4 KN/m
2

Floor finish = 1 KN/m
2

Depth of slab
Minimum depth = Span / B.V M.F
B.V = 26 (For continuous slab)
M.F = 1.4
Minimum depth d = 3000/(26 1.2)
= 96.15 mm 100 mm
Assume effective cover = 25 mm, Using 10 mm diameter bars
Effective depth = d = 100 mm
Overall depth = D = 100 + 25 + (10/2)
= 130 mm
- d = 100 mm
- D = 130 mm

Effective span
The least value of:
(1) (Clear span + effective depth) = (3 + 0.1) = 3.1 m
(2) (Centre to centre of supports = (3 + 0.23) = 3.23 m

Hence L = 3.1 m

72

Loads
Self weight of slab = (0.12 25) = 3 KN/m
2
Floor finish = 1 KN/m
2
Live load = 4 KN/m
2
Total service load = w =8 KN/m
2
Ultimate load = w
u
= 1.5 8 = 12 KN/m
2

Ultimate moments and shear forces
L
y
/ L
x
= 3 / 3 = 1< 2
So it is a two way continuous slab
The coefficients for the positive and negative moments are taken from IS 456
2000
+
x
= 0.035
_
x
= 0.047
+
y
= 0.035
_
y
= 0.047
M
ux
=
x
w
u
x
x
2

M
uy
=
y
w
u
L
y
2

V
ux
= 0.5 W l
x

(1) B.M along span ( +ve) = 0.035 12 3.1
2

M
ux
= 4.036 KN.m

(2) B.M along span ( -ve) = 0.047 12 3.1
2

M
uy
= 5.420 KN
(3) Shear force V
ux
= 0.5 12 3.1
= 18.6KN

73

Check for depth
M
max
= 0.138 f
ck
b d
2

d
2
= 5.420 10
6
/ (.138 20 10
3
)
d = 44.31mm < 100mm
Reinforcements (Short and long span)
M
u
= .87 f
y
A
st
d [1 (f
y
A
st
/ b d f
ck
)]
A
st
= 155.10mm
2
Adopt 10mm diameter bars at 400 mm centers (A
st
=185.71mm
2
)

Edge strip
Minimum area of steel = 0.12% A
g

= .12 /(100 1000 130)
= 156mm
2

Provide 10mm diameter bars
a
st
= /4 d
2

=78.5mm
2

Spacing = a
st
/ A
st
1000
78.5/156 1000 = 509 mm
So adopt 10 mm bar @ 500mm c/c
Middle strip [+ve moment]
M
u
= .87 f
y
A
st
d [1 (f
y
A
st
/ b d f
ck
)]
A
st
= 201.44mm
2

Provide 10mm diameter bars
a
st
= /4 d
2

a
st
= 78.5mm
2

Spacing= a
st
/ A
st
1000
S= 300mm
Provide 10 mm diameter bars @ 300mm c/c

74

Torsional reinforcement
Single torsional reinforcement =l
/5 l
y
/5
Area of torsional steel = 3/4 maximum mid span
= 3/4 201.44
= 151.08mm
2

Provide 8mm bars
Spacing= 50.26/151.08 1000
= 332 mm c/c or 300 mm c/c.
Check for deflection
(Shorter span/depth)
provided
= 3000/130 = 23.07
(Shorter span/depth)
permissible
= B.V M.F
F
s
= 0.58 415 (156/102)
F
s
= 368.12
% A
st
= 100 A
st
/ bd
= (100 156) / (100 130)
= 1.2%
M.F= 1.2
(Shorter span/depth)= 26 1.2
= 31.2
Hence safe in deflection

75

4.1.2 Slab 2: One short edge discontinues
Data:
Clear dimension of slab =1.2
Step 1: Check the ratio
lx
ly
= 2 2.56
1.2
3
> =
Hence it is one way slab
Step 2 Effective dept
d =
26
span

=
26
3000

= 115 mm
D = d + 25 mm
= 130+ 25+10/2 mm
= 160 mm
Step 3: Loads
Self wt of slab = 0.16
Finishes =1KN/

Total dead load=5 KN/

Live load= 4 KN/

The effective span = 3.2 mm

76

Step 4: ultimate Moment and SF
M
u
(-ve) =1.5((
)
=1.5((
)
= 12.75 KN.m
M
u
(+ve) = ((
)
= ((
) (
))
= 11.025KN.m
V
u
=(1.5 )(5+4)
= 24.3 KN

Step 5 : Limiting Moment of Resistance
M
ulimit
= 0.138 f
ck
b.d
2

= 0.138 20 1000 130
2
10
-6

= 46.64 KN.m
M
u
<M
ulimit
, Section is under reinforced.
Step 7: Main reinforcement
M
u
= .87 f
y
A
st
d [1 (f
y
A
st
/ b d f
ck
)]
A= 325 mm
2
Spacing
a) Spacing = (a
st
/A
st
)1000
Use 10mm | bar
77

Spacing = 1000
325
2
10 /4

= 230mm
Step 6 : distribution Reinforcement
A
st
=

= 192 mm
2

Provide 10 mm | bar at 300 mm c/c
Step 7: Check for shear stress
t
v
=
d b.
u
V

=
130 1000
3
10 92 . 25

= 0.199N/mm
2

Pt =
d b.
Ast 100

=
130 1000
314 100

= 0.241
Permissible shear stress
Ktc = 1.27 0.35
= 0.44 N/mm
2

Ktc >t
v

Hence the shear stresses are within safe permissible limits
Step 8: Check for deflection
( )
max d
L
= ( ) | | kf kc kt
basic d
L

K
t
= 1.5
78

K
c
= 1
K
f
= 1 (Refer IS 456 2000)
( )
max
/ d L =
=
=34.5
( )
actual
d L/ =
130
3000

= 23 < 34
( )
max d
L
> ( )
actual d
L

Hence design is safe.

4.4 DESIGN OF FOOTING

79

Data
Factored axial load P
u
= 1660KN
Size of Column = 600 300 mm
Safe Bearing Capacity = 200 KN/m
2
Assume self weight of footing 10% of load
Self weight of footing = 166 KN
Area of footing required = Total Load / SBC
= 1826/(2001.5)
=6.08m
2

Side of square footing = 2.46m
Assume breadth of square footing= 3m
Provide a square footing of 3m3m = 9m
2

Net upward design pressure W=1660/33
= 184.4<2001.5
Bending moment
Projection of footing from column face
(B-b)= (3- 0.45)/2
= 1.275m
M
x
= 184.43(1.275
2
/2)
M
x
= 449.74 KNm
Depth required
M
x
= 0.138f
ck
bd
2

d =

d = 233.06mm = 240mm
Consider the effect of shear providing 2 times the depth required.
Provide depth = 480mm

Assume 20mm diameter and cover 40mm
Over all depth= 480+10+20+40
= 550mm
80

Tension Reinforcement
M
max
= 449.74 10
6

M
u
= 0.87f
y
A
st
d[1-(A
st
f
y
/bdf
y
)]
449.7410
6
= 0.87 415 480[1-(A
st
415/20 480 3000)]
A
st
= 2700mm
2

Minimum A
st
to be provided= (0.15/100) 3000 550
= 2475 < 2700mm
2

Provide 20 mm diameter bars,
Number of bars = 2700/314.15
= 8.59 10nos
Provide 10 numbers of 20mm bars (Actual A
st
= 3141mm
2
)
Check for one way shear
The critical section for traverse shear (section yy) is at distance of 480mm (effective
depth).
Length of critical section = 1.275 0.48
= 0.795m or 795mm
V
u
= 184.430.795
V
u
= 439.79 KN
Nominal shear stress
t
v
= V
u
/bd
= 439.79/(3000550)
= 0.26 N/mm
2

From the table -19 of IS456-2000
100A
st
/bd = 0.24 for M
20.

t
v
= 0.34
t
c
>t
v
, Hence safe.
Checking for punching shear
The critical section for shear is at distance of ( d
eff
)
ie , 240mm around the face of the column.
Side of the section = 450 + (2240)
=930mm
81

Punching shear across section zz
V
z
= 184.4( 33 0.940.94 )
= 1496.99 KN
Nominal shear stress across section zz
t
v
= (1496.6610
3
)/(4940480)
t
v
=0.82N/mm
2

As per clause 31.6.31 of IS456:2000
Permissible shear stress in concrete = kt
c

For square column,
k = 1.0, t
c
= 0.33
kt
c
= 0.33
Check for Safe bearing capacity
Column of load = 1660 KN
Self weight of footing=330.5525
=123.75 KN
Total = 1783.75 KN
Pressure = 1783.75/(33)
=198.3< 300 (200 1.5)
Hence safe.

4.5 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
DATA:
82

Spanning parallel to landing slab (stair-1)
Type: dog-legged
Number of steps in the flight = 11 per flight
Thread T = 300 mm
Rise R = 150 mm
Width of landing beam = 300 mm
Width of landing slab = 1850 mm
M-20 grade concrete (f
ck
= 20 N/mm
2
)
Fe-415 hysd bars (f
y
= 415 N/mm
2
)
Solution:
Design of first flight
Effective span = (11 x 300) + 300/2 + 1850/2
= 4375 mm = 4.375 m
Thickness of waist slab = (span/20) =4375 /20)
= 218.75 mm
overall depth (D) = 218.75 mm
Assume using 25mm cover and 10mm diameter bars
Effective depth (d) = 188.75 mm

LOADS:
Dead loads of slab on slope (w
s
) = (0.188x1x25)
= 4.717KN/m
Dead load of slab on horizontal span (w)
=[w
s
(R
2
+ T
2
)]/T
= [4.717(150
2
+ 300
2
)]/300
= 5.28 KN/m

Dead load of one step = (0.5x0.15x0.3x25)
= 0.56 KN/m
Load of step per meter length =[(0.56x1000)/300]=1.875KN/m
Finishes etc, = 0.6 KN/m
83

Total dead load = ( 4.72+1.86+0.6)
= 7.18 KN/m

Service live load = 5 KN/m
2

Total service load = (7.18+5) = 12.18 KN/m
Factored load (w
u
) = (1.5x12.18) = 18.27 KN/m
BENDING MOMENTS:
Maximum bending moment at centre of span ( (M
u
) = 0.125w
u
L
2

= 0.125x18.27x4.3
2

= 42.235 KNm
CHECK FOR DEPTH OF WAIST SLAB
(d) = [M
u
/(0.138f
ck
b)]
= [(42.23x10
6
)/(0.138x20x10
3
)]
= 123.69 mm < 188.7mm Hence safe.
MAIN REINFORCEMENTS
M
u
= (0.87f
y
A
st
d)[1-(A
st
f
y
/bdf
ck
)]
42.23x10
6
= (0.87x415A
st
x188.75)[1-(415A
st
/10
3
x188.75x20)
A
st
= 668 mm
2

Provide 12 mm diameter bars at 150 mm centres (A
st
= 678.6 mm
2
) as main
reinforcement.
DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT
Distribution reinforcement = 0.12 per cent of cross section
= (0.0012x1000x188.75)
= 226.5 mm
2

Provide 8mm dia bars at 220 mm centres (A
st
= 251.3mm
2
)

84

Design of second flight
The design of the second flight loading above the landing slab will be the
same as that of the flight below the landing slab and that design is shown above.
There is only one change the landing beam and landing slab will be reversed.

85

86

5.3 BEAM- REINFORCEMENT DETAILS

87

88

150
89

CHAPTER -7
CONCLUSION

In this project, PLANNING DESIGNING AND ANALYSING OF
HOSTEL BUILDING. We all the members of our team has learned to plan a
building with referring to National Building Code of India -2005&STAADPROVi8

This bank building project has made us to learn Drawing and drafting the
building plans using Auto cad software.

90

In this bank building project we learnt to create the models by giving nodes
and property to the structural elements using analysis and also we learnt to the same
structure with corresponding loads as given IS 875 part 1&2 using analysis.

This project is very useful in making us learn the design by referring to the IS
456:2000 for each slab and beam. SP: 16 codes alone are used for easier design of
columns yet we learned to design the columns.

The important thing that we done wasreferring to a lot of books for designing
and we are very much satisfied with exposing to field of design.

91

CHAPTER -8

REFERENCES

1. Arul Manickam A.P (2004) Structural Engineering Pratheeba publishers.
2. Is 456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced concrete code of practice (Fifth
revision).
3. SP 16 Design for reinforced concrete to 456 1978
4. Krishnaraju (2002) Design of reinforced concrete structures
5. Murugan.M (2007) Structural Analysis Samuthira Publications.
6. Varghese P.C (2002) Limit state Design of Reinforced concrete second
Edition.
7. Vaidyanthan. R. Perumal. P (2005) Structural Analysis Volume I Laxmi
Publications.
8. NBC National building of India , Bureau of Indian Standards ,New Delhi.

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1

PLANNING, ANALYSIS, DESIGN OF ONE STORES

.Isolated footings are provided with a concrete grade of

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