Laboratory Manual

LABORATORY RECORD
ED 7211
ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION LAB

M.E. ENGINEERING DESIGN
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
THANDALAM-602105.

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Name :
Class :
Roll No :

REGISTER NO.

Certified that this is the bonafide record of work done by
the above student in the
Laboratory during the year 20 - 20

Signature of Lab-in-charge Signature of Head of the
Department

Submitted for the Practical Examination held on:

Examiner

RAJALAKSHMI ENGINEERING
COLLEGE
ED 7211
ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION LAB

List of Experiments

S.No. Date Name of the Experiment
Page
No.
Signature
1.
Stress analysis of beams
(Candilever,Simply supported& fixed end)

2. Stress Analysis of a plate with circular hole
3. Stress Analysis of Rectangular L Bracket
4.
Stress Analysis of an Axis- symmetric
component

5.
Mode frequency analysis of
beams(Candilever,Simply supported,Fixed
beam)

6. Mode frequency analysis of 2 D element
7.
Convective heart transfer analysis of a 2D
component

8.
Conductive heart transfer analysis of a 2D
component

9. Thermal analysis of a 2D component
10. Harmonic analysis of a 2D component

INTRODUCTION

Finite element analysis is the core of computer aided engineering dictates the
modern mechanical industry.
Finite element analysis is a technique to simulate material properties, loading
conditions and environment of any system and to approximately determine response of the
system to those conditions.

NEED FOR FEA:
1. To reduce the amount of prototype testing
2. To simulate design that is not suitable for prototype testing
3. Cost Saving and time saving
4. Create a more reliable, better quality and competitive designs

ABOUT ANSYS:
ANSYS is a complete FEA simulation software package developed by ANSYS Inc.
a corporate of USA.
It is used by engineers worldwide in virtually all fields of engineering:-
Structural
Thermal
Fluid (CFD, Acoustics)
Low & High Frequency Electromagnetic

APPLICATIONS OF ANSYS:
ANSYS software can be applied in
Engineering structures
Automobiles
Aerospace
Biomedical
Buildings and other civil structures
Electronics
Heavy equipments & machinery
OTHER PRODUCTS:
ANSYS LS DYNA - Non Linear structural problems
ANSYS Professional - Linear Structural Thermal Analysis
ANSYS Design Space Analysis - Linear structural & steady state thermal analysis
ANSYS CFX - Fluid flow problems

CAPABILITIES OF ANALYSIS:
1. Structural Analysis: It is used to calculate the deformation, strain, stress and
reaction. The Eigen value problems where we find natural frequency of systems
also come under this category.
2. Thermal Analysis: It is used to determine the temperature distribution, amount of
heat lost or gained, thermal gradient and thermal flow.
3. Electromagnetic Analysis: It is used to calculate magnetic field effects in a
system. Often used with contact analysis.
4. Computational Field Analysis: It is used to determine the fluid flow
characteristics in a system like flow velocity, pressure, head loss, and even
temperature distribution.
5. Coupled Field Analysis: It is used to calculate the mutual interaction of two or
more of the above said disciplines. This is done by either sequential method or
simultaneous method.

STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF BEAMS (CANTILEVER,
SIMPLY SUPPORTED, FIXED BEAM)
STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM
Ex No:
Date:
Aim:
To perform static stress analysis for the given beams (Cantilever beam) using ansys.
SOFTWARE USED:

ANSYS 13.0

PROCEDURE:

1. PREFERENCE:

Preference structural ok

2. PREPROCESSOR

Element type
Preprocessor element type add beam 2node188ok
Material property
Preprocessor material property material model structural linear elastic
isotropic Ex (2e3) PRxy (0.3) ok close

Modeling

Preprocessor section beam common section section ID-1 select sub
type rectangle enter L*B (150* 300) ok

Preprocessor modeling create keypoints in active CS

Preprocessor modeling create line straight line draw the lines
b/w the keypoints

Meshing

Preprocessor meshing mesh tool set line option pick line 1 apply ok
Select mesh pick all ok

3. SOLUTION:

Solution define loads apply structural displacement on keypoints
select first keypoint ok select all DOF ok

Solution define loads apply structural force / moment select third
keypoint 3 select Fy (30e3) ok

Solution define loads apply structural pressure select element1
enter value 40

Solution solve current LS ok

4. GENERAL POSTPROCESSOR:
KEYPOINTS X Y Z
1 0 0 0
2 2000 0 0
3 1000 0 0

General postproc plot result deformed shape &undeformed shape
General postprocessor list result nodal solution
Utility menu plot ctrl animation deformed shape

RESULT:
Thus the stress analysis of cantilever beam is performed using ANSYS and
results are plotted.

Calculation:

To find deflection,

Apply Maculays equation:

STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

Aim:

To perform static stress analysis for the given beams (Simply supported) using ansys.

SOFTWARE USED:

ANSYS 13.0

PROCEDURE:
PREFERENCE:


PREPROCESSOR

Element type

Material property


Modeling



Key points X Y
1. 0 0
2. 3000 0
3. 4000 0
4. 6000 0

b/w the keypoints

Meshing


5. SOLUTION:



enter value 40




RESULT:
Thus the stress analysis of simply supported beam is performed using ANSYS
and results are plotted.

Calculation:

1) Simply supported Beam

To find reaction

R
A
- Reaction at A
R
B
- Reaction at B

Taking moment about A,

To find deflection:

Apply Maculeys method,

Bending moment at section x from end B at distance x

M
x
= R
B
x -20(x-2)-20/2 (x-3)
2

M
x
=EI d
2
y/dy
2

EId
2
y/dy
2
= R
B
x -20(x-2)-20/2 (x-3)
2

EI dy/dx = R
B
x
2
/2 +C
1
-20/2(x-2)
2
-(10/3)(x-3)
4

EI y = (R
B
x
3
)/6+C
1
x+C
2
(-20/6)(x-2)
3
(-10/2)(x-3)
4

At x=0 , y=0

EI(0)=C
2
--- C
2
=0

At x=6,y=0

EI(0) = R
B
/6(6)
3
-20(4)
3
+C
1
(6)-(10/12)3

C
1
=-143.73

EI(y)=(R
B
x
3
)/6-20/6(x-2)
3
-143.73x-(10/12)(x-3)
4

At x=2,y=y
o

EIy
D
= 28.33/6 * 2
3
-143.73(2)

Y
D
= -5.96mm

At x=3,y=y
c

Y
c
=-5.11mm

M
c
=28.11*3-20*1=65kNm

M
d
=R
B
*2=56.66kNm

STATIC STRESS ANALYSIS OF FIXED BEAM

Aim:

To perform static stress analysis for the given beams (Fixed supported) using ansys.

SOFTWARE USED:

ANSYS 13.0

PROCEDURE:

PREFERENCE:


PREPROCESSOR

Element type

Material property


Modeling



Key points X Y
1. 0 0
2. 4000 0
3. 6000 0
4. 8000 0

b/w the keypoints

Meshing



7. SOLUTION:



enter value 160




RESULT:
Thus the stress analysis of Fixed supported beam is performed using ANSYS
and results are plotted.

Calculation:

To find deflection,

Solving the above eq:

STRESS ANALYSIS OF A RECTANGULAR PLATE WITH
CILRCULAR HOLE
Ex No:
Date:
Aim:
To perform static stress analysis for the given rectangular plate with circular hole
using ANSYS
Description:
A steel plate of dimension ( 100 15 25mm ) having 3 holes of diameter 3mm,
5mm & 10mm. It is fixed at one end and force of 20 KN acts on the other end of the
plate. The stress induced at the holes due to the force is to be determined.
DIAGRAM:
3mm

5mm

10mm

20KN
25mm
25mm 25mm 25mm 25mm
Formula used:
1. Normal stress

P Load (N).
w Width of the plate (mm).
d Diameter of hole (mm).
t Thickness of the plate (mm).
2. Maximum stress

K
f
Stress concentration factor.

PROCEDURE:

Pre-processing: Defining the Problem

1. Open ANSYS APDL from start menu.
2. Define the type of problem,
Pre-processor preference structural ok
3. Define the Type of Element
Pre-processor Element Type Add/Edit/Delete [Add the element: Solid -
PLANE82]
4. Define Geometric Properties
Pre-processor Real Constants Add/Edit/Delete [Enter a thickness as 15mm]
5. Element Material Properties
Pre-processor Material Properties Material models Structural linear
Elastic Isotropic [We are going to give the properties of Steel. Enter the following when
prompted: EX 2.1E5, PRXY 0.3]
6. Create the main rectangular shape
Pre-processor Modelling Create Areas Rectangle By 2 Corners [Enter
the following values: WPX 0, WPY 0, Width 100, Height 25]
7. Create the circle
Pre-processor Modelling Create Areas Circle Solid Circle [Enter the
following values: Circle 1: WPX 25, WPY 12.5, Radius 1.5; Circle 2: WPX 50,
WPY 12.5, Radius 2.5; Circle 3: WPX 75, WPY 12.5, Radius 5]

8. Subtraction of circles
Pre-processor Modelling Operate Booleans Subtract Areas [First
select the base area from which the area has to be deleted (rectangle) and then select the area
that has to be deleted (circle).
9. Meshing
Pre-processor mesh mesh tool Areas [set] select the area apply
enter element size as 10 ok
Click mesh select the area ok
Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving
10. Define constraints
Solution define load apply structural displacement on lines [Select the
line, select all DOF & click ok]
11. Define load
Solution define load apply structural pressure on line [Select the line,
enter the pressure value as 53.33 N/mm2]
12. Solving the System
Solution Solve Current LS
Post processing: Viewing the Results
13. Deflection
General Postproc Plot Results Nodal Solution DOF solution X-
component
14. Stress
General Postproc Plot Results Nodal Solution von mises stress
15. Stress values
General postproc list result nodal solution von mises stress [Note down the
stress values on respective nodes.
Result:
Thus static stress analysis for the given rectangular plate with circular hole has been
successfully done using ANSYS.

Calculation:
1. For 3mm hole

P = 20KN ; d = 3mm
w = 25mm ; t = 15mm

= 60.61 N/mm2
From PSG Data book page 7.10, k
f
= 2.65 (d/w = 0.12)

= 60.61 x 2.65

161.62 N/mm
2

2. For 5mm hole

P = 20KN ; d = 5mm
w = 25mm ; t = 15mm

= 66.67 N/mm2
From PSG Data book, k
f
= 2.5 (d/w = 0.2)

= 66.67 x 2.5

166.68 N/mm
2

3) For 10mm hole

P = 20KN ; d = 10mm
w = 25mm ; t = 15mm

= 88.89 N/mm2
From PSG Data book, k
f
= 2.25 (d/w = 0.4)

= 88.89 x 2.25

200 N/mm
2

Observation:
SL.No Hole size Analytical Simulation
1 3 161.62 136.87
2 5 166.68 144.60
3 10 200 191.48

STRESS ANALYSIS OF A RECTANGULAR L-BRACKET
Ex No:
Date:
AIM:
To determine a deform shape and stress analysis for a given L- bracket using ANSYS
software.

FORMULA USED:
M / I =
b
/ Y
Where,
M - Bending moment
I - Moment of inertia of cross sectional area
b
- Bending stress
Y - Distance from neutral axis to the outer most fiber

PROCEDURE:

The modules available in ANSYS are ,
i. Preferences
ii. Pre- Processor
iii. Solution
iv. General Post Processor module
1. Preferences > Structural > OK
2. In Pre Processor module, element type for analysis in chosen by Pre- Processor > Element
type > Add > Solid >Quad 4 node 182
2. The Material properties are given by Pre Processor > Material modal > Linear > Elastic >
Isotropic >Define youngs modulus and Poisson ratio
3. Modeling of the L section
Modeling > Create >Area > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > X=0,Y=0,Width= 335,Height= 70
Modeling > Create >Area > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > X=165,Y=70,Width= 70, Height =
150
Modeling > Create >Area > Circle > Solid circle > X=300, Y=220,Radius=45
Modeling >Operate > Boolean > Add > Areas> Pick all > OK
Modeling > Create >Area > Circle > Solid circle > X=300, Y=220,Radius=35
Modeling >Delete > Areas Only > Pick the areas to be deleted > OK
4. The area is divided into finite no. of elements by Meshing > mesh tool > Area >Pick
all>Edge Length = 20 >mesh tool > mesh.
5. The boundary condition is defined at the both end after beam by arresting displacements in
Y- direction by Solution > loads > structural > displacement > on areas >arrest All DOF.
6. Load is applied on the nodes at the top edge by solution> loads >Structural > Force > on
nodes
7. Now the system is ready to solve and is done by solution > solve > current L.S.
8. By general post processor > Plot result > counter plot > nodal solution.> DOF solution >
displacement
9. The stress is also obtained by General post processor > plot result > counter plot > Nodal
solution> Von-Mises Stress

RESULT:
Thus the deformed shape and stress analysis for the L bracket is done

CALCULATION:

Resolving the forces 5KN
Horizontal component P
H =
P Sin 60= 4.33 KN
Vertical component P
V =
P Cos 60 = 5 cos 60 = 2.5 KN
Bending moment due to P
H
:
M
H
= 4.33x150x100
M
H
= 649.5x10
3
N mm
Bending stress
bh =
M
y
/Z
649.5x10
3
x6/3.5x10
2
= 22.72 N/mm
2

v
:
M
V
= 2.5x10
6
x300 = 750 x 10
3
N mm

v
:
bv =
M
Y
/Z
bv
= 750x10
3
x6/35x10
2
=
26.33 N\ mm
2
Direct stress due to Vertical force P
V
dv =
P
V
/ A = 2.5x 10
3
/ 70x35 = 1.02 N\ mm
2

Total Stress =
bh

bv

dv
= 50.16 N\ mm

STRESS ANALYSIS OF AN AXIS -SYMMETRIC COMPONENT
Ex No:
Date :

AIM:
To analyze a cylindrical pressure vessel (axis symmetric) for hoop stress and longitudinal
stress

DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

Preprocessing: Defining the Problem:

1. Give example a Title
Utility Menu > File > Change Title...
2. Open preprocessor menu
ANSYS Main Menu > Preprocessor
3. Create Areas
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By Dimensions
4. Add Areas Together
Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Add > Areas
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete... For this problem we will use the PLANE2
[Axisymmetric]

6. Define Element Material Properties
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic > Isotropic

7. Define Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls>ManualSize> Areas > All Areas [An element edge
length of 2mm]
8. Mesh the frame
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Areas > Free > click 'Pick All'

Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving:

1. Define Analysis Type
Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Static
2. Apply Constraints
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > Symmetry B.C. > On Lines
Pick the two edges on the left, at x=0. Utility Menu > Select > Entities [Select Nodes and By
Location from the scroll down menus. Click Y coordinates and type in 50] Solution > Define
Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Nodes > Pick All Constrain the nodes in
the y-direction (UY).
3. Utility Menu > Select > Entities
[In the select entities window, click Select All to reselect all nodes.]
4. Apply Loads
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Force/Moment > On Key points [Pick the
top left corner of the area and click OK. Apply a load of 100 in the FY direction. Pick the
bottom left corner of the area and click OK. Apply a load of -100 in the FY direction. ]
5. Solve the System
Solution > Solve > Current LS


1. Determine the Stress Through the Thickness of the Tube
Utility Menu > Select > Entities...
Select Nodes > By Location > Y coordinates and type 45, 55 in the Min, Max box.
General Postproc> List Results > Nodal Solution > Stress > Components SCOMP
2. Plotting the Elements as Axisymmetric
Utility Menu >PlotCtrls> Style > Symmetry Expansion > 2-D Axi-symmetric...

RESULT:

Thus the analyze a cylindrical pressure vessel (axis symmetric) for hoop stress and
longitudinal stress

CALCULATION:

P=1.5MN/

P=1.5 N/

d =1000 mm
t=15 mm
= 50 N/

MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS (CANTILEVER, FIXED,
SIMPLY SUPPORTED)
MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS CANTILEVER BEAM
Ex. No.
Date:
AIM
To perform modal analysis of a (cantilever beam) using ANSYS
PROCEDURE :
1. The modules available in ANSYS are
i. Preferences
ii. Pre-Processor
iii. Solution
iv. General post processor module
2. In the pre-processor module the element type for the analysis of the cantilever beam is
Chosen
Pre-processor > element type > add > beam3 > 2D ELASTIC 3
3. The Density & Young Modulus are given.
Main menu > Pre-processor > Material properties > Enter the Density & Young Modulus
4. Create two key points and a line to connect the points.
Modeling > create > key points > inactive c.s
Modeling > create > lines > between key points.
5. Mesh the line using mesh tool.
Main menu > Pre-processor > Meshing > mesh tool > line > mesh.
6. The boundary condition is defined for the beam.
Solutions > load > structural > displacement > On Left Key point > all DOF.

7. Solution: Assigning loads and solving, Define analysis type
Solution > analysis type > new analysis > modal
8. Set options for analysis type:
Solution > Analysis type > Analysis options.
Enter 10 for no. of modes to extract and no. of modes to expand in subspace and
Expand mode shapes.
9. Reduced method is chosen.
10. Apply constrains
Solution > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement < On
Key points.
11. Solve the system

12. Post processing: Viewing the results
General Postproc > Result Summary.
13. To view mode shapes
General Postproc > Read results > First set
General Postproc > Plot results > Deformed shape
Repeat the process for the next set to view the next mode shapes.
14. To Animate mode shapes
Utility menu > Plot ctrls > Animate > Mode shapes

RESULT :
Thus the cantilever beam is modeled and analyzed in ANSYS for Modal
Analysis. Various mode shapes and respective frequencies are obtained.

MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS SIMPLY
SUPPORTED BEAM
Ex. No.
Date:
AIM :
To perform modal analysis of a (simply supported) beam using ANSYS
PROCEDURE:
i. Preferences
ii. Pre-Processor
iii. Solution
2. In the pre-processor module the element type for the analysis of the Simply Supported
beam is
chosen
Pre-processor > element type > add > beam3 > 2DELASTIC 3
3. The Young Modulus and Material Density are given.
Main menu > Pre-processor > Material Properties > Enter the Young Modulus & Density
Solutions > load > structural > displacement > on key points > UY
7. Solution: Assigning loads and solving
Define analysis type
Solution > Analysis type > Analysis options
Expand mode shapes.
Solution > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > on key points.
General post processing > Result Summary.
General post processing > Read results > First set
General post processing > Plot results > Deformed shape
RESULT :
Thus the simple supported beam is modeled and analyzed in ANSYS for
Modal analysis. Various mode shapes and respective frequencies are obtained.

MODAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS FIXED BEAM
Ex. No.
Date:
AIM
To perform modal analysis of a (Fixed beam) using ANSYS
PROCEDURE
i. Preferences
ii. Pre-Processor
iii. Solution
2. In the pre-processor module the element type for the analysis of the Fixed beam is
Chosen
Pre-processor > element type > add > beam3 > 2D ELASTIC 3
3. The Young Modulus and Material Density are given.
Main menu > Pre-processor > Material Properties > Enter the Young Modulus & Density
Solutions > load > structural > displacement > on key points > All DOF
7. Solution: Assigning loads and solving
Define analysis type
Solution > Analysis type > Analysis options.
Expand mode shapes.
Solution > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On key points.
General post processing > Result Summary.
General post processing > Read results > First set
General post processing > Plot results > Deformed shape

RESULT :
Thus the Fixed beam is modeled and analyzed in ANSYS for
Modal analysis. Various mode shapes and respective frequencies are obtained.

Description:
Cross section= 0.125*0.125
Formula:
Frequency, f
n
=

where, E = youngs modulus (N/m
2
)
I = moment of inertia
m = mass (kg)
= wavelength (m)

values for the raw mechanical vibration:
Mode Cantilever SSB Fixed
1 1.875 4.730
2 4.697 2 7.853
3 7.853 3 10.995

Calculation:

E = 2.1*10
5
N/mm
2
for alloy steel
I = bd
3
/12 = 0.125*0.125
3
/12 = 2.03*10
-3
m
4

Density, = 7700 kg/m
3

Mass = *v = 7700*0.125*0.153
m = 120.8kg/m
3
Cantilever beam:
Mode 1:
f
n
=

= 4.217 Hz
Mode 2:
f
n
=

= 26.429 Hz
Mode 3:
f
n
=

= 73.97 Hz
Simply Supported beam:
Mode 1:
f
n
=

= 11.85 Hz
Mode 2:
f
n
=

= 44.35 Hz
Mode 3:
f
n
=

= 106.5 Hz
Fixed beam:
Mode 1:
f
n
=

= 26.82 Hz
Mode 2:
f
n
=

= 73.94 Hz
Mode 3:
f
n
=

= 144.81 Hz
Result:
Beam Analytical value Simulation value
Cantilever Mode 1 4.217 4.2169
SSB Mode 1 11.85 11.862
SSB Mode 2 44.35 47.710
SSB Mode 3 106.5 108.33
Fixed beam Mode 1 26.82 26.905

Mode Frequency analysis of 2d component.
EX NO:
DATE:
Aim:
To perform a mode frequency analysis of the given component using ANSYS
Description:
A simply supported steel plate of dimension ( 1000 500 25mm ).
A fixed circular plate with thickness 25mm and diameter 200mm
Diagram:

Formula used:

[(

= 2.1 x 10
11
N/m
2

= 0.28 (Poisson Ratio)
= 7700 kg/m
3
h = thickness of plate for rectangular lamina
m = number of parts of modal value
n = number of parts value in horizontal direct
Circular lamina:

2
=

500
1000

= Wavelength
a = radius
= 2s
S = Number of parts modal value in radial direction
n = number of parts modal value in circular direction.
Procedure:
Rectangular plate :
PLANE82]
Pre-processor Material Properties Material models Structural Density [
Enter the density value as 7700]
Pre-processor Modelling Create Areas Rectangle By 2 Corners [Enter
the following values: WPX 0, WPY 0, Width 1, Height .5]
7. Meshing
8. Analysis type
Solution Analysis type New analysis Modal ok
Analysis type Analysis Option [ no of modes to extract 10 ; Nmode number of
modes to expand 10] ok
left and right lines, select UY & click ok]
Bottom and top lines, select UX & click ok]
11. Mode Shape
General Postproc Read Results by pick [Select the frequency and click read]
close
Plot controls animate Mode shape [select DOF solution ; Deformed shape]
ok
12. Repeat step 11 for different frequency values.
Circular plate :
PLANE82]
Pre-processor Material Properties Material models Structural Density [
Enter the density value as 7700]
5. Create the circular shape
Pre-processor Modelling Create Areas circle solid circle [Enter the
following values: WPX 0, WPY 0, Radius = .1]
7. Meshing
8. Analysis type
Solution Analysis type New analysis Modal ok
Analysis type Analysis Option [ no of modes to extract 10 ; Nmode number of
modes to expand 10] ok
Solution define load apply structural displacement on lines [Select
Circumference, select all Dof & click ok]
11. Mode Shape
General Postproc Read Results by pick [Select the frequency and click read]
close
Plot controls animate Mode shape [select DOF solution ; Deformed shape]
ok
12. Repeat step 11 for different frequency values. Result:

RESULT:
The mode frequency analysis of given 2D component has been successfully done
using ANSYS.

Calculation:
For Rectangular plate :

= 296698.67
[(
] =
[(
]
f
1
=
=308.34 Hz
[(
= 493.3Hz
[(
= 801.75Hz
[(
= 1048.36Hz
[(
= 1233.36Hz
[(
= 1233.36Hz
[(
= 1547.71Hz
[(
= 1788.38Hz
[(
= 1973.38Hz
[(
= 2281.72Hz
For circular plate :
D= 296698.67 a = 1m
= 192.5 = 2F
2
=

F
1
= 63.83Hz

F2 = 132.84Hz

F
4
= 217.63Hz

F
6
= 248.5Hz

F
7
= 318.92Hz

F
9
= 380.03Hz
RESULT :
Mode M n Mode shape Frequency
Analytical Simulated
1 1 1 308.34 307.93
2 2 1 493.3 492.29
3 3 2 801.73 798.97
4 1 3 1048.36 1043.2
5 4 1 1233.36 1226.8
6 2 2 1233.36 1226.8
7 3 2 1541.71 1531.5
8 5 1 1788.4 1774.8
9 4 2 1968.38 1956.6
10 1 3 2281.72 2260.0

Mode M n Mode
shape
Wavelength

Frequency
Analytical simulated
1 0 0 10.158 63.81 63.812
2 0 1 21.26 132.71 132.77
3 0 1 21.26 132.71 132.77
4 0 2 34.83 217.63 217.63
5 0 2 34.83 217.63 217.63
6 1 0 34.73 248.5 248.24
7 0 3 51.04 318.92 318.37
8 0 3 51.04 318.07 318.45
9 1 1 60.82 380.07 379.45
10 1 1 60.82 380.07 379.45

CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2 D COMPONENT
EX NO:
DATE:
AIM:
To find the convective heat transfer analysis of a 2 D component
DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:
1) Preference > Thermal > ok
2) Preprocessor > Element type > Add/edit/delete > add > solid > Quad4node55 > ok
3) Material properties > material models > thermal > conductivity(Enter the value 50
w/mk)
4) Modeling > create > areas > rectangle > by 2 corners (Enter the value
w=0.012m;h=0.1m)
5) Meshing > mesh tool > area set > pick the area > ok > size element > edge
length(0.02m) > ok
6) Mesh tool > mesh > pick the area > ok
7) Loads > define loads > apply > thermal > convection > on lines > pick the inside
lines > ok(Enter the value of inside h and inside T) > on lines > pick the outside lines
> ok(Enter the value of outside h and outside T)
8) Solution > solve > current LS
9) See the result in General post processor > list results > nodal solution > DOF solution
> nodal temperature > ok

RESULT:
The temperature and heat flux are shown and results are completed.

CALCULATION:
T Temperature of water ()

Atmospheric temperature ()

- Inner wall temperature ()

- Outer wall temperature ()

u Overall heat transfer coefficient
K Thermal conductivity

- Heat transfer coefficient at outer

surface(w/
- Heat transfer coefficient at inner

surface(w/

u = 9.94 w/

q =u (
)
= 9.94(393-293)
q = 795.2 w/

q =

795.2= 2850 (373-
= 372.72 K

= 99.72
q =

795.2= 10 (
= 372.52 K

= 99.52

CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2-D ELEMENT
Ex No :
Date :
AIM:
To Conduct heat transfer analysis of a 2-D element for the given example and
determine the temperature at the specified points
DIAGRAM:

FORMULAE USED:
Q = T
overall
/R
h
1
=

T
1
, T
2
, T
3
, T
4
= Temperatures of wall section
R = Resistance
k
1
, k
2
, k
3
= Thermal Conductivity (W/mK)
A
1
, A
2
, A
3
= Area of wall
q = heat flux

PROCEDURE:

Preprocessing: Defining the Problem

1. Give example a Title
2. Open pre-processor menu
ANSYS Main Menu > Preprocessor

Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete> click 'Add' > Select Link 3D conduction
33

4. Define Real Constants
Preprocessor >Real Constants>Add>Select the element>Define Cross-sectional area as 1

Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Conductivity > Isotropic >
K
XX1
= 1.05 (Thermal conductivity) > Select New Model > K
XX2
= 0.15> Select new model>
K
XX3
= 0.85

6. Create geometry
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create >Key points>On active CS >By dimensions> X=0, Y=0,
Z=0 , X=0.25, X=0.37, X=0.57
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create >lines>Straight lines

7. Mesh
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Attributes>Picked Lines > Pick the line>OK> Define the
Material Number
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool> Pick Lines> OK> Edge Length > .05> OK> Mesh

8. Define Loads
Preprocessor >Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Temperature > On Keypoints>
Define The Temp at T
1
=850 and T
2
= 65


1. Solve the System


1. Results Using ANSYS
Plot Temperature
General Postproc> Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solution > DOF solution,
Temperature
General Postproc> List Results > Nodal Solution > Report for Node 7 and 9

RESULT:

Thus the temperatures at the specified points were found throughconductive heat
transfer analysis successfully.

CALCULATIONS:
Q = T
overall
/R
h
1
=

q =

q = 616.46 W/m
2

Temperature at the surface, clay fire and insulation brick
To find T
2

q =

q =

616.46 =

T
2
= 703.22 K
Temperature at the surface of insulation brick and red brick
q =

616.46 =

T
3
= 210.056 K

THERMAL STRESS ANALYSIS OF 2D COMPONENT
Ex No :
Date :
AIM:
To perform thermal stress analysis of a given 2D component using solid works
simulation software.

DIAGRAM

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION:
A rectangular plate of dimensions 50mm25mm2.5mm in subjected to a uniform
temperature from 0
o
C to 38
o
C. Determine the maximum displacement and normal stress in X
direction. The properties of the plate are, Youngs modulus (E) =2.1105 N/mm
2
, Poissons
ratio () =.28 and thermal coefficient of expansion () =1.310
-5
K
-1
FORMULA USED:
Normal stress in X direction = E
1. Displacement in Y direction = Tb(1+ )
Where, E Youngs modulus
Thermal co-efficient
Temperature difference
b Breadth
Poissons ratio

PROCEDURE:
2. Give Title name.
File Change title Enter new title ok.
PREFERENCE:
Preferences structural & thermal ok
PREPROCESSOR:
Pre-processor Element Type Add/Edit/Delete Add Solid Quad
4 node 182 ok options plane strs w/thk ok close.
Preprocessor Real Constants Add/Edit/Delete Add ok THK =
0.0025m ok close
Pre-processor Material Properties Material models Structural
linear Elastic Isotropic EX = 2.110
11
& PRXY = 0.24 ok Thermal
expansion Secant coefficient Isotropic ALPX = 1.310
-5
ok close.
Pre-processor Modeling Create Areas Rectangle By 2 Corners
WP X 0, WP Y = 0, Width = .05, Height .025 ok.

8. Meshing
enter element size = .001 ok mesh select the area ok
9. Define temperature
Solution define loads apply structural temperature on lines
Pick line ok VAL1 temperature = 273 apply Pick line ok VAL1
temperature = 311 ok.

SOLUTION:
Solution Solve Current LS.
GENERAL POSTPROCESSOR:
11. Stress
General Postproc Plot Results Contour Plot Nodal Solution Nodal
Solution X component of stress ok.
12. Stress values
General postproc list result Nodal Solution Nodal Solution X
component of stress ok Note values from the table.
13. Displacement values
Note the value of DMX

RESULT:
Thus the thermal stress analysis of 2D component has been done and results
are obtained.

CALCULATION:
Normal stress in X- direction,

x
=

E

x
= 2.110
5
1.310
-5
38
= 103.74 N/mm
2
Displacement in Y-direction
y = Tb(1+ )
= 1.310
-5
3825(1+0.25)
= 1.52410
-2
mm
Note: Restrain geometry along X direction and rotation on all directions.

HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF 2D COMPONENT
Ex No:
Date :
AIM:
To calculate the peak vs displacement and bending stress at the centre of square plate
of side 10m and thickness 0.05m subjected to a steady state harmonic pressure

All dimensions are in mm
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION:
To calculate and perform harmonic analysis of a given 2D component with the
given dimensions of side 10m and thickness 0.05m
PROCEDURE:
1. Utility Menu > Change Job Name > Enter Job Name.
Utility Menu > File > Change Title > Enter New Title.
2. Preference > Structural > OK.
3. Preprocessor > Element type > Add/Edit/ delete > Solid 8node 82 > options
> plane stress with thickness > close.

4. Preprocessor > Real Constant > Add/Edit/Delete > thickness = 0.05 > Ok

5. Preprocessor > Material Properties > Material Model > Structural > Linear
> Elastic > Isotropic > EX = 200 E9, PRXY = 0.3 & Density = 8000.

6. Preprocessor>Modeling>create>Areas>Rectangle> By dimensions>Enter
the Value
7. Preprocessor > meshing > mesh tool > size control > Areas >Enter the
Element edge length > Ok > mesh > Areas > free> pick all.

8. Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > harmonic > OK > analysis
options > real + imaginary (full solution method).

9. Solution > define loads > apply > structural > force/moment > on nodes >
click right corner > FY real value> Enter the Value & Imaginary value = 0
> Ok.

10. Solve > current L.S > ok.

11. Load step option > time frequency > frequency & sub steps > Enter the
Value > stepped > Ok.

12. Time history postprocessor > variable viewer > add > nodal solution >
DOF solution > Y-component of displacement > click right corner > ok >
graph data > Ok.

13. Utility Menu > plot controls > style > graphs > modify axis ( change the
Y-axis scale to logarithmic)

14. Utility menu > plot > replot.

Model Damping Rayleigh Damping
Peak U = displacement at
Center (mm)
7.831mm at 2.088Hz 7.0833mm at 2.087Hz
Peak Bending Stress at Center 5.4N/mm
2
at 2.088Hz 5.4N/mm
2
at 2.087Hz

RESULT:
Thus the thermal stress analysis of 2D component has been done and results
are obtained.

CALCULATION:

Density = 8000 kg / m

Harmonic option = 0.10 Hz

Model damping: Damping ratio = 0.2

Poisson Ratio = 0.3

Rayleigh damping: = 0.299

= 0.00139

.

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LABORATORY RECORD

- Inner wall temperature ()

- Outer wall temperature ()

- Heat transfer coefficient at outer

- Heat transfer coefficient at inner

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