Titolo della lezione: Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense

 Present Perfect Tense
Person Subject + have / has + past participle
S First I have finished the work. [finish / finished / finished]
I I’ve read the book.
N I’ve done the exercises.
G
U
Second You have finished the work.
You’ve read the book. [read / read / read]
L
You’ve done the exercises.
A
R Third He / She has finished all the work.
He / She has read the book.
He’s / She’s done the exercises. [do / did / done]

P First We have finished the work.

We’ve read the book.
L We’ve done the exercises.
U
Second You have finished all the work.
R You’ve read the book.
A You’ve done the exercises.
L Third They have finished all the work.
They’ve read the book.
They’ve done the exercises.
 Present Perfect Tense
Question Form
Person Questions
S First Have I finished the job? [finish / finished / finished]
I Have I read the report?
N Have I done the accounts?
G
U
Second Have you finished the job?
Have you read the report? [read / read / read]
L
Have you done the accounts?
A
R Third Has he / she finished the job?
Has he / she read the report?
Has he / she done the accounts? [do / did / done]

P First Have we finished the job?

Have we read the report?
L Have we done the accounts?
U
Second Have you finished the job?
R Have you read the report?
A Have you done the accounts?
L Third Have they finished the job?
Have they read the report?
Have they done the accounts?
 Present Perfect Tense
Negative Answers
Person Negative Answers
S First I have not finished the job. [finish / finished / finished]
I I haven’t read the letter.
N I haven’t done the report.
G
U
Second You have not finished the job.
You haven’t read the letter. [read / read / read]
L
You haven’t done the report.
A
R Third He / She has not finished all the work.
He / She hasn’t read the letter.
He / She hasn’t done the report. [do / did / done]

P First We have not finished the work.

We haven’t read the letter.
L We haven’t done the report.
U
Second You have not finished all the work.
R You haven’t read the letter.
A You haven’t done the report.
L Third They have not finished all the work.
They haven’t read the letter.
They haven’t done the report.
 Present Perfect Tense
The use

‰ Corresponds to the Italian : Passato Prossimo.

- Where is your husband? He’s (has) gone abroad on business.
- [Dov’è tuo / Suo marito? E’ andato all’estero per affari / lavoro.]

‰ A Past Action with effects in the present time.

- I have lost my wallet ... I haven’t got any money now.
- I’ve missed my train ... So I’m late.
- He hasn’t finished the accounts ... So the report isn’t ready.
- Where’s the HR Manager? He’s gone to a meeting.
Present Perfect – just / yet / already
Question
Have you paid the invoice yet? (già)
Has he done the exercises yet?
Has she been to the London office
yet?
Have we finished the supplies yet?
Positive Answer Negative Answer
I’ve already paid the invoice. I haven’t paid the invoice
(già = prima del previsto) yet.
I’ve just paid the invoice. (haven’t … yet = non ancora)
(just paid = appena pagato)
He’s (has) already done the He hasn’t done them yet.
exercises.
(già) (non ancora)
He’s just done the exercises.
(appena)
She’s already been there. (già) She hasn’t been there yet.
She’s just been there. (appena
stata)
We’ve already finished the We haven’t finished the
supplies. (già) supplies yet.
We’ve just finished the supplies.
(appena) (non ancora)