CONFIDENTIAL EC/OCT 2009/ECW441

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE
COURSE CODE
EXAMINATION
TIME
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND FINITE ELEMENT
METHODS
ECW441
OCTOBER 2009
3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. This question paper consists of four (4) questions.
Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 2.
3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.
Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:
i) the Question Paper
ii) a two - page Appendix
iii) an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists of 4 printed pages
Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL 2 EC/OCT 2009/ECW441
QUESTION 1
a) Draw rough plots of the equations y = 2x and y = log
10
x + 8 in the range of values of x
from 1 to 6. State the range of the x-coordinates of the point of intersection of the two
plots, between two nearest whole numbers.
(5 marks)
b) From the plots in (a) above, it is found that there is a root of the equation
y = log
10
x + 8 - 2x between x = 1 and x = 6. Determine this approximate root using the
secant method by carrying out 3 iterations with initial values of x equal 4 and 6.
Compute the estimated error e
a
after each iteration.
(16 marks)
c) Briefly, describe ONE (1) similarity and ONE (1) difference between the secant and the
false-position methods.
(4 marks)
QUESTION 2
a) Use the LU Decomposition method to solve the following system of simultaneous
equations:
3xi + 2 x
2
- x
3
+ 5x
4
= 10
-Xi + 3x
2
+ 2x
3
- 2x
4
= 5
Xi - x
2
- x
3
+ 4x
4
= - 1
2XT + 2x
2
+ 5x
3
+ x
4
= 4
(15 marks)
b) Use Euler's method with h = 0.5 to access the differential equation solution, y, over the
interval from 0 to 1.5 with the initial condition y(0) = 1.
dy_
2
dx
= yx -1.1y
(10 marks)
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CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
3 EC/OCT 2009/ECW441
QUESTION 3
a) Carry out the integral computation of the tabular data in Table Q3(a) with:
i) Trapezoidal rule
ii) Simpson's 1/3 rule
X
f(x)
-2
35
[ _ _ 0 _ _
5
2
-10
4
2
6
5
8
3
10
20
Table Q3(a)
(7 marks)
b) A chemical plant makes three major products (1 , 2 and 3) on a weekly basis. The
products require different quantities of a raw chemical and different production times,
and they yield different profits. The pertinent information is given in Table Q3(b). Note
that there is sufficient warehouse space at the plant to store a total of 450 kg/week of all
the three products. Assume x, y and z be the amounts (in kg) of products 1, 2 and 3
produced per week respectively.
i) Set up a linear programming problem to maximize profit.
ii) Solve the linear programming problem with the simplex method.
Raw
chemical
Production
time
Profit
Product 1
6 kg/kg
0.05 hr/kg
$30 /kg
Product 2
4 kg/kg
0.1 hr/kg
$30 /kg
Product 3
12 kg/kg
0.2 hr/kg
$35 /kg
Resource Availability
2500 kg/week
55 hr/week
Table Q3(b)
(18 marks)
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CONFIDENTIAL 4
EC/OCT 2009/ECW441
QUESTION 4
a) Discuss the advantages of the finite element method of structural analysis.
(8 marks)
b) An axial composite shaft, consisting of three sections, is subjected to two axial loads at
nodes 2 and 3 as shown in Figure Q4. Four nodes are provided to differentiate the three
sections or elements. Using finite element direct stiffness method, determine:
i) the nodal displacements at nodes 2 and 3.
ii) the support reactions.
iii) the magnitude and type of force in element 1.
(12 marks)
(3 marks)
(2 marks)
I
40 kN
20 kN
I
U = 450 mm
E-, = 70(10
3
)MPa
A
1
= 55 mm
2
k
2
= 3 kN/m
Figure Q4
La = 400 mm
E
3
= 200(10
3
)MPa
A
3
= 40 mm
2
Note: L is length, E is Young's modulus, k is spring
constant and A is cross-sectional area.
END OF QUESTION PAPER
Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX 1
EC/OCT 2009/ECW441
b = f(x),
bl
=
x
. )-
x
)
x, - x
0
f(x
2
)-f(x,) f(x,)-f(x
0
)
b
2
=
x
2
x
'
X
l
x
o
X
2
X
0
n-1
/ = (6-a)-
f(x
0
)
+
2^f{
Xl
)
+
f{x
n
)
In
/ s y | / ( * ) + 3/(*
1
) + 3/(*
2
) + / ( x, ) ] where A = ^ ^
- i - 2
/ w + 4 j ; /(x,)+2 x/(*,. )+/(*)
I = (b-a)
3n
1
= y [ / ( * o )
+ 4
/ ( * i ) + f(x
2
)] where h = ~^-
yi+% = yi + f(Xi,yj)j
y+i = y, + f(x
i+
y
2
, y
i+
y
2
)h
y*i = y, + ffc, yi)h
1 - 1 "
-1 1 L
x
M
Xj

a, =
X / - X / -
1
xlOO%<s
s
(n)a
0
+ (5>,M + (2>,
2
; a
2
= 2>;
(X*/M, + d>/> o; + (ISi) a
2
=Y.x,y
l
(IS/
2
) a
a
+ fox?) a, + (Jjc,
4
) a
2
= % x,
2
y,
Q=KD
x
i + 1
X,
fCXjKXH-X,)
f (x
M
)-f (
Xj
)
AX = B ; LD = B ; UX = D
Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX 2 EC/OCT 2009/ECW441
Beam stiffness matrix, k =
UEI 6EI UEI 6EI
+

6EI
i
UEI
L
3
6EI
+
+
e
4EI
L
6EI
L
2
2EI
+
L
3
6EI
L
2
UEI
6E1
+
V
2EI
i
L
6EI
L
2
4EI
+
L J
Fixed-End Actions
M,
}
<
RA
B |
-4*
)
ME
w
m
M
A
=
RA=
wL
2
30
3wL
20
M
B
=-
RB=
wir
20
IwL
20
w
y y y
M
A
= -M
B
=
RA= RB
=
12
wL
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