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Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Sta. Mesa Manila


Mabini Campus

College of Arts
Department of Psychology

In Partial fulfillment in the subject


Psychological Assessment and Evaluation

BATTERY OF
PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST REPORT

Submitted by:
Arah Rachielle Pineda
John Kenly Regio
Joseph Roldan
Julie Anne Roldan
Ross Ann M. Romasanta
Group 5 BSCP IV-3

Submitted to:
Prof. Serafina P. Maxino
Professor

September 26, 2008


ANAMNESIS

IDENTIFYING DATA

SGV is a 26 years old female, single mother from Tacurong,


Sultan Kudarat third in the brood of seven. She was college
undergraduate of midwifery.

CHIEF COMPLAINT

According to patient: “sumunod lang ako sa kanila kung saan nila


ako dalhin”
According to her aunt: “lagi siyang tulala, walang gana kumain at
gustong laging madilim”

According to her brother: “hindi siya kumakain at laging tulala at


nagkukulong”

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS

The patient is a college undergraduate who used to take up


midwifery grows up to be an independent, rebellious and strong willed
person. At the age of 18 she stowed away from home because of her
strict dad who is a military. She went to manila to find her luck; she
used to work in some stalls in divisoria as a saleslady. But
unfortunately she got pregnant courtesy of her boyfriend who is a
seaman. She later on broke up with him after realizing that her
boyfriend is having an affair with her best friend. After that incident
she was not able to see her boyfriends face again. She decided to go
back to her home town to raise her child. When her child turned two
years old, she realizes that she needed to work harder for her child’s
future. Once again she went to manila without the knowledge and
consent of her family. In manila a friend offered her to work abroad.
She then grabbed that opportunity in thought that she will be able to
give her son and her family a good future.
March 2006, the patient decided to work abroad because of financial
difficulties. She had two employers in Lebanon. Her first employer
treated her nicely but she needs to give up because at that time there
was an ongoing war between Israel and Lebanon. She stayed to her
employer for 10 months. Her employer recommended her to another
agency. February 2003, she started to work on her second employer,
on her first month with her second employer was smooth and treated
her good but all of that changed when the employer noticed about her
text mate. Her employer does not want to see her texting nor holding
her cell phone because her employer would always get jealous. The
employer gets mad of her because she caught texting. Because of that
it starts to treat her differently. He would lock her up to his house and
sometimes in her room. Her employer started to say bad words about
her. The employer would tell her that she is crazy and stupid. Because
of that she started to feel hopelessness. She thought that she will not
be able to get out from her employers house and with that situation.
She was not able to go to sleep because of different ideas would come
to her mind on how she could escape from her employer. Because of
that different idea that comes to her mind she would always get
confused. And that confusion would not let her sleep. She was forced
to take 5 paracetamol just to make her sleep. After she take the
medicine it makes her sleepy, sometimes when she woke up in the
morning she would feel as if she was magnetized to her bed. She was
unable to move. In addition to that, her employer’s house was full of
security cameras because of that she finds it hard to take a bath in
thought that someone might be watching her. She didn’t eat the food
she gave to her because she thinks that the food has poison. Then an
idea just came to her mind. She went near the security camera and
started acting like she is out of her mind. According to her she did it for
her employer to think that she is useless and that she is crazy. When
she finally convinced her employer she was immediately sent back to
the Philippines on August 16, 2008. Saturday afternoon her aunt
fetches her up from the airport. According to her aunt she saw the
patient crying hysterically. Her aunt immediately got a cab and
brought her home. When the patient was calmed her aunt asked her if
something was wrong. She said that she thought that all the people in
the airport were Lebanese and that she felt helpless about it, in
thought that they would hurt her. August 17, 2008, the patient’s aunt
heard her crying again and when her aunt asked her she told her aunt
that her stomach was aching. On the same day, her aunt decided to
bring her to the hospital for a check-up. The doctor’s finding “kaya
sumasakit ang tiyan nya kasi hindi ito kumakain”. Evening of August
17, while eating dinner, her aunt noticed a strange behavior like
“kumakain sya pero nakatulala pag tinanong kung ano nangyari sa
kanya sa Lebanon malayo ang sagot nya. Nagsasalita pa ito ng parang
Arabo”. The next day (August 18) the patient still manifest a strange
behavior like taking a bath with lights turned off, switching on of the
radio but she does not want to hear the music and turning on the
television and does not want to see the program. She was always
caught cleaning the house because she does not want to see dust. She
would also close the door and the window. Those behaviors were still
seen in the patient for days until August 20 her aunt called the brother
of the patient to tell him what was happening to her sister. August 21,
the patient’s brother came for a visit. When the patient first saw her
brother she immediately hugged her brother and told him how much
she misses their family. She volunteered to get a chair for her brother
so that they could talk more. But when she comes back she all of a
sudden shouted at her brother “Hindi ikaw ang kapatid ko”. She thinks
that the brother is a Lebanese. Because of that her brother decided to
bring her to the hospital. She was first brought to Ospital ng Maynila
where she underwent pregnancy test they thought that she was a
victim of rape. Next was in San Lazaro Hospital where they do not have
a psychiatrist. She was also brought to UST Memorial Hospital but
refuse to accept her due to overcrowding of patients. In Manila Doctors
Hospital, the patient was referred to UERMMMC and at exactly 2 in the
morning she was admitted to the female psychiatry ward of the said
hospital.

MENTAL STATUS EXAMINATION (INITIAL INTERVIEW: SEPT. 3


2008)

A. General Appearance, Attitude and Behavior


The patient was wearing blue t-shirt and gray pajama. Her hair
was neatly tied. Her nails are clean. The patient voluntarily went
to the hospital accompanied by her aunt and her brother for
admission. She respectfully talks with the nursed and doctors
and she is also friendly with the other patients. When under
direct observation she is quiet but when being asked she
voluntarily give information. The patient does not show any
psychomotor abnormalities.

B. Stream of Talk
When being asked, she voluntarily gives information which is
relevant to the topic. She speaks clearly.

C. Emotional Status
The patient’s affect was appropriate throughout the interview.

D. Contents of Thought
Hallucination Auditory
Tanong: May naririnig, nakikita, naaamoy o nalalasahan ka ba na
sa tingin mo ay hindi totoo o yung ikaw lang ang
nakakaramdam?
Sagot: Meron noon. Siguro ngayon 3 days ng wala nakakatulog
na ako ng mahimbing.
Tanong: Ano yun? Pwede mo ba ikwento?
Sagot: Naririnig ko pa rin yung mga boses ng Lebanese, sinasabi
pa din that girl is crazy and stupid.

E. Sensorium and Intellectual Resources

Orientation
Tanong: Anong araw ngayon?
Sagot: Miyerkules.
Tanong: Nasaan ka ngayon at bakit ka nandito?
Sagot: Sa ospital, nagkasakit kasi ako sa ulo. Para akong nabaliw.
Tanong: Natatandaan mo pa ba kung sino ako?
Sagot: Nakalimutan ko na kasi kakikilala ko pa lang sa’yo kanina.
Tanong: Anong pangalan mo?
Sagot: Stenily Grace Villanueva.
Tanong: Sinong nagbabantay sa’yo?
Sagot: Si Tita Alice, sa hapon si kuya ko dumadalaw. Alvin ang
pangalan gwapo yun kahawig ni Jericho Rosales.

Memory
General Information
Tanong: Ano ginawa mo pagkagising mo?
Sagot: Naligo, kumain at nag-exercise.

Judgment
Tanong: Anong plano mo ngayon at sa hinaharap mo?
Sagot: Gusto kong ituloy ang pagiging midwife ko.

Insights
Tanong: Ano sa tingin mo ang dahilan kung bakit andito ka sa
ospital?
Sagot: Nawala ako sa pag-iisip dahil sa nangyari sa akin na
masasamang bagay sa Lebanon.

Mental Status Examination (Final Interview September 5,


2008)

A. General Appearance, Attitude and Behavior


The patient is wearing black blouse and ¾ length pants. Her hair
was tied neatly. Her nails are clean. She looks as if she is ready
to leave the hospital with the way she dresses.

B. Stream of Talk
The patient is more talkative than the last time. It seems that
she is completely at ease with the interviewee. Then she added
“Gusto ko na gumaling. Miss ko na and pamilya ko lalo na ang
anak ko”.

C. Emotional Status
She is happy and in the mood. Her affect still is appropriate
throughout the interview.

D. Contents of Thought
No Hallucination, Delusion or Illusion for more or less 5 days.
According to her
What filled her mind was the thought of her family most
especially her son.

E. Sensorium and Intellectual Resources

Orientation
Tanong: Anong araw ngayon?
Sagot: Biyernes ngayon. September 5, 2008
Tanong: Nasaan ka ngayon at bakit ka nandito?
Sagot: Sa ospital, nagkasakit kasi ako sa ulo. .
Tanong: Kilala mo pa ba ako?
Sagot: Oo di ba ikaw si Jhay? Siya naman si Ross. Nakilala ko
kayo nung Sept. 3.
Tanong: Anong pangalan mo?
Sagot: Stenily Grace Villanueva.
Tanong: Sinong nagbabantay sa’yo?
Sagot: Si Tita Alice, sa hapon si kuya ko dumadalaw. Alvin ang
pangalan gwapo
yun kahawig ni Jericho Rosales.

Memory
General Information
Tanong: Ano ginawa mo pagkagising mo?
Sagot: Naghilamos tapos kumain tapos nag-exercise kami dati

Judgment
Tanong: Anong plano mo ngayon at sa hinaharap mo?
Sagot: Gusto ko maging mabuting ina sa anak ko. At gusto ko
ituloy ang pagiging mid wife ko.

Insights
Tanong: Ano sa tingin mo ang dahilan kung bakit andito ka sa
ospital?
Sagot: Nawala ako sa pag-iisip dahil sa nangyari sa akin na
masasamang bagay sa Lebanon.

CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS: Major Depression


Symptoms

> Hallucination (auditory) - Naririnig ko pa rin yung mga boses ng


Lebanese, sinasabi pa din that girl is crazy and
stupid
> Insomnia - She was not able to go to sleep because of
different ideas would come to her mind on how
she could escape from her employer
- She took 5 paracetamol just to make her sleep
> Confused - thinking different ideas would come to her
mind on how she could escape from her
employer
> Lack of insight - Taking a bath with lights turned off, switching
on of the radio but she does not want to hear
the music and turning on the television and
does not want to see the program
- She was always caught cleaning the house because she does
not want to see dust
- She would also close the door and the window
> Language disorder - Kapag tinanong kung ano nangyari sa kanya
sa Lebanon malayo ang sagot nya. Nagsasalita
pa ito ng parang Arabo.
> Appetite changes - Her stomach was aching, the doctor’s finding
“kaya sumasakit ang tiyan nya kasi hindi ito
kumakain”
- Kumakain sya pero nakatulala
> Illusion - When the patient first saw her brother she
immediately hugged her brother and told him
how much she misses their family. She
volunteered to get a chair for her brother so
that they could talk more. But when she comes
back she all of a sudden shouted at her brother
“Hindi ikaw ang kapatid ko”. She thinks that
the brother is a Lebanese.

Test Administered:
Date Given:
Draw A Person Test
September 3, 2008
Sach’s Sentence Completion Test
September 3, 2008
Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test
September 4, 2008
Rorschach Inkblot Test
September 4, 2008
Thematic Apperception Test
September 5, 2008

GENERAL BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATION


The patient was wearing pajama set when she underwent the
Draw A Person Test last September 3, 2008. She was cooperative
though she keeps on complaining “Naku hindi talaga ko marunong
mag-drawing”. But she really is persistent and really exerted effort to
her drawing. Her vision was good, and so is her hearing. She gives an
adequate amount of speech when being asked about her drawing. She
had fair manual control but was able to finish her drawing and give a
little detail about it.

On the same day the subject took Sach’s Sentence Completion


Test. The patient was slightly tired but still cooperates well. She was
willing to take the test but does not want to write. So she asked
somebody to write her answer. On the first part of the test it seems
that she has no idea on the purpose of the test. Confusion was drawn
on her face. But when she was given instructions on how to answer the
test she was already able to give proper answer. On some items
confusion was still in her mind. She finds it hard to answer some of the
questions. In the midst of the exam the patient fell sleepy due to her
vitamins. But she wanted to finish the test before she goes to sleep.
Though it is obvious there is a sudden rush in her while answering the
test, she was able to finish it and give good answer when the inquiries
were made.

September 4, 2008 the subject is wearing a blouse and a red


short. The patient was given the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test. The
patient was given proper instruction to the test. She was interested in
it. She was cooperative. When she first saw the card it seems that she
is very well interested in the test. Her vision is good. She draws the
object fast. On the second part of the test the patient was given
another sheet of bond paper and was ordered to draw what she had
remembered from the first part. She was able to recall 5 objects out of
the 8 objects that were shown to her.

On the same day the Rorschach Inkblot Test was administered to


the patient. She was still in the mood. Again she was given proper
instructions to the test. She listens to it carefully. She cooperates well.
But when she saw the cards confusion was drawn on her face. Though
her vision is good she keeps on putting the cards near her face. As if
she had poor eyesight. It seems that she had no idea on the purpose of
the test. It’s as if she was not given instructions and that she is not
well oriented to the test given to her. In the midst of the exam words
came out from her mouth, complaining that above all the test given to
her that was the most difficult one. She added that her favorite card
was the one with the picture in it, referring to the Thematic
Apperception Test. After that she closed her eyes and tightly and
rubbed her head gently. When asked if she is ok she said that she was
alright. She was just confused and that she really wanted to finish the
test and take a rest. After the test she immediately lay down to her
hospital bed.

The next day September 5, 2008 the patient was very noticeable
that she is in the mood. She was even the first to ask if she will have a
test. She was wearing black blouse and pants. Her hair is fully fixed. As
if she was going somewhere. When she was given a piece of paper for
the Thematic Apperception Test, the subject was first given proper
instruction on how to answer the test. When she first saw the card she
was amazed. It seems that she is excited. She was able to give good
answers to the cards shown to her. But when she saw the blank card
confusion was drawn to her face then she asked “Ano yan?” but when
she got the explanation, she was able to answer it well. When she was
done with the test she was able to give good answer when the
inquiries were done. She correlates most of her answers to her life.

BENDER VISUAL MOTOR GESTALT TEST

Personality Evaluation Interpretation

Margin based drawing lack of self confidence


Rotation traumatic psychosis followed by
head injury
Curvilinear distortion affect display
Crossing difficulty at juncture of figure 5 indecision
Placement of design a in extreme
Upper left hand corner of page timidity
Large space between figures detachments from others
Lateral elongation of figures difficulty of interpersonal
relationship
Heavy pressures externalized hostility
Figures confined to upper half page insecurity
Left to right placement of the figures unresolved need for
sustaining interpersonal
association
Difficulty of angles emotional liability
Irregular sequence inadequate impulsive control
Crowding lack of empathy
Very large figure show general lack of control and
inhibition

Overall Findings

 Lack of self confidence


 Indecision
 Timidity
 Difficulty of interpersonal relationship
 Insecurity
 Show general lack of control and inhibition
 Emotional liability
 Unresolved need for sustaining interpersonal relationship

Summary of Findings

When the patient was in Lebanon her employers doesn’t treat


her well because she had an affair with her employer’s relative which
her employers are against it. They always make them feel that she is
the most stupid person that is why she had a lack of self –
confidence. She was scared to do things because she thought that
she will make a mistake and her employers will yell at her and tell her
again “you’re stupid” and you’re crazy”. She doesn’t believe in herself
and in her ability anymore because of what happened. She doesn’t
able to show other people her ability because she think that she might
disappoint them. Aside from being treat her bad of her employers why
she lose self- confidence is when her boyfriend cheated on her. Her
boyfriend had an affair with her best friend. It hurts her so much
because she and her boyfriend had a baby. She does not know why her
boyfriend fooled her even if she done her part to make their
relationship work and she loved him so much. She wondered why her
boyfriend had the guts to have an affair with her best friend. She both
trusted them that’s why she really hurts. Then she started to compare
her self with other woman and eventually had insecurities. She
always feels insecure with the people around her especially to woman
whom she thinks are better than her. After what she experienced in
Lebanon she had indecision. She really doesn’t know what to do. She
can’t make decisions on her own because she was confused. She felt
that her employers chased on her wherever she goes. She always
hears their voice even if she’s alone. When her employer thinks that
she is insane they decided to bring her back to the Philippines to where
her family lives. She then had a difficulty of interpersonal
relationship. She doesn’t act well in front of other people because
she was being trauma by her experienced in Lebanon. She doesn’t
want to be with other people even with her family because she thought
that they hurt her like what other people done to her. She also thinks
that even her brother was a Lebanese. When she was alone she always
listen to music because she doesn’t want to hear voices of her
employer. Because of what she is experiencing her family decided to
avoid her to interact with other people even with their relatives
because she might hurt them and show general lack of control and
inhibition because she can’t take what she hears and even want to
bump her head on the wall just to avoid hearing those voices. Then her
family decided to bring her to psychiatry which she done voluntarily
because she doesn’t want that experience affects her life. After it she
feels timidity toward other people because she don’t want others
know about what happened to her. She feels ashamed because some
people there in Lebanon knew what happened because her employer
humiliated her in front of many people and feel her she’s the worst
person in the world. She don’t want other people misjudged her
because for her she done nothing wrong. She then had emotional
liability. She really cant take what happened to her, she’s being
depressed and always think of what other people done her she
sometimes see her self crying. She don’t know how to face again the
world because she think that nobody likes her because she is a bad
person and a bad influence, she then badly miss her child so much
because it’s been a year or two that she’s not able to see her son. She
had an unresolved need for sustaining interpersonal
association. She then felt that everybody knows what she’s been
through she don’t know how to confront other people and her closest
friends because she thinks they might hate her for being involved in
that situation. That is why she temporarily chose not to interact with
them until she ready to face the world again. Then she had lack of
empathy. She sometimes talked about her problems with her auntie
but she don’t want to talk about it again and again because it’s her
way of forgetting everything happened and move on with her life.

DRAW A PERSON TEST

Personality Evaluation

First Draw Male Figure

Placement of figure – (left side) self oriented


Drawing opposite sex first – strong attachment to or dependency
on parent or person of opposite sex
Shape dot pupil – denotes penetrating worriness and limited range
efficient of paranoid personality
Omission of ears – appears frequently in well adjusted people but
then is low intelligence or it maybe a desire not to be hear something
Omission of neck – prey victim of body impulses
Omitted trunk – helplessness
Short arm – absent of adequate striving fear of being hurt
Small legs – sexual ambivalence
Stick figures – self-distrustfulness
Many sharp edges- poor adjustment
Younger figure than subject-wish to return to youth
Drawing opposite sex first- strong attachment to or dependency on
parent or person of opposite sex

Second Drawing Female Figure

Shape dot pupil- denotes penetrating worriness and limited range


efficient of paranoid personality
Omission of ears- maybe a desire not to be heard something
(Hair) long but only outline- ambivalence toward sexuality
One dimensional neck- poor control of emotional expression
Omission of trunk- helplessness
Short arm- absent of adequate striving fear of being hurt
Placement of figure (middle)- paranoid with high self-esteem
Dim line- timidity
Short neck- associated with gruffness bull-headedness
Erasure- expression of anxiety
Boundaries of clothing- conflict in the large body conceal fear to
expose body
Full face figure- social accessibility
Transparency- poor judgment
Head enlarge- introspection
Centered drawing- emotionality
Stick figure- negativism
Older figure than subject- identification with parent of same sex

Over all findings

 Distrustfulness
 Poor adjustment
 Helplessness
 Emotionality
 Worriness
 Dependency on parents
 Wish to return in youth
 Maybe desire not to hear something
 Timidity
 Poor control of emotional expression

Summary of findings

The patient work in the Lebanon as a maid, she’s been there for
2 yrs. and 5 months. In that years or working in the Lebanon there are
things that happened to her like having a relationship with a Lebanese
that cause to her employer got angry to her because it is against to
their religion. And it makes her distrust to people who believe that
she is a stupid and crazy. Because of this, the patient find it hard to
adjust she don’t know if the person that she along with can be
trusted. A weeks before she came back to manila, she stayed in the
agency she feels helpless when she was there, no one help her they
believe that the murmuring about her was truth that she was crazy,
unkind and stupid. The patient was emotionality when it comes to her
son, she cried when she misses her son who was far away from her.
Her son was in her mother guidance. Her mother was the one taking
care of her son instead of her. She loves her son very much. Every
time she missed her son she worried about the situation of her son
because she in not there for her son when he needs a mother’s
affection. She worried that may be her son will have lack of affection
towards her. She was dependency to her parents, she left her son
to her parents to taking care of it because she will went to Lebanon for
to work for her son because the father of her son left them after she
got pregnant.
The patient wishes to return to youth, she wants to be with
her friends again and they played there favorite game. She misses her
childhood time. There are times that the patient desired not to hear
something like by saying that she was crazy and stupid without
evidence so it makes her felt hurt because it is not true. Her employer
just want to show to the Lebanese that she really crazy so she was
been locked to an empty room with surveillance camera. Because of
that she feels timidity coz she believe that her employer make gossip
to the Lebanese that she was crazy and stupid. When she arrived in
the Philippines, at the airport when she saw her auntie she hysterically
cried she didn’t control her emotions.

SACH’S SENTENCE COMPLETION TEST

Personality Evaluation

Attitude towards Father


1. Sa palagay ko ang aking ama ay bihirang- magalit
15. Kung ang ama ko lamang ay isang mabuting ama
sana di ko nararanasan ang mga pinagdadaanan ko
30. Sana ang aking ama ay maging isang superman para
matulungan niya ako
45. May palagay ako na ang aking ama ay mabuting ama
sa aming magkakapatid
ANALYSIS: Helplessness; according to the patient that she want her
father to become super man, because she want her father to be able to
help her in forgetting her worst experienced in abroad.

Attitude towards Mother


13. Ang aking ina ay siyang ilaw ng tahanan, siya ang
tumutulong sa aming lahat para kami mapabuti
28. Ang aking ina at ako ay nagmamahalan at
nagiintindihan
43. Sa aking palagay karamihan sa mga ina ay mabait at
maintindihin
58. Mahal ko ang aking ina ngunit ako ay loko loko,
minsan hindi nakikinig sa payo kaya heto!

ANALYSIS: Associated with gruffness bull-headedness; the patient


denotes that she has love and care of her mother, but she has
gruffness bull-headedness attitude toward her mother.

Attitude towards Family


11. Kung ihahambing sa ibang maganak ang akin ay-
mabait, palabiro at matibay na pamilya
26. Ang pakikitungo sa akin ng aking mga kaanak ay
tulad sa isang gulong, minsan okay minsan hindi
41. Karamihan sa mga maganak na aking nalalaman ay
tagapagpayo ko sa mga maling nagawa
56. Noong ako ay bata pa ang aking kaanak- naging
mabait at tumutulong sa akin

ANALYSIS: Strong attachment toward her family; according to the


patient, she has strong attachment of her family. And her relationship
through her relatives was sometimes good and sometimes bad.

Attitude towards Women


9. Para sa akin ang isang ulirang babae ay- mahalaga
24. Sa aking palagay, karamihan sa mga babae ay-
maganda at magalang
39. Naniniwala ako na karamihan sa mga babae a-y
maganda at palabiro
54. Ang hindi ko gaanong naiibigan sa mga babae ay-
baliw, mangmang at unkind

ANALYSIS: Self-discipline; according to the patient, the ideal women


for her was influential (important). And she hates unkind and crazy
women.

Attitude towards Heterosexual Relationships


10. Kapag nakakakita ako ng isang babae at lalaking
magkasama- iniisip sila ay magkasintahan
25. Sa palagay ko ang buhay may asawa ay- hindi basta
basta
40. Kung ako ay magkakaroon ng karanasan sa lalaki-
bigo sa pagibig
55. Ang aking hilig, pagnanasa sa isang babae o lalaki ay
pagmamahal o crush

ANALYSIS: Frustrated; the patient denotes that she was being


frustrated by her love ones.

Attitude towards Friends and Acquaintances


7. Sa aking palagay ang tunay na kaibigan ay- siyang
nagpapasaya at ito ay mahalaga
22. Hindi ko ibig ang mga taong- bastos na tao
37. Ang mga taong nais ko- maintindihin, magalang
52. Kung ako’y wala ang aking mga kaibigan ay
malungkot

ANALYSIS: Respectful; according to the patient, true friends are those


whom make her happy and it is important, and she hates those who’s
indecent and unkind

Attitude towards Superiors at Work / School


20. Sa paaralan ang aking mga guro ay mabait
35. Kung makikita kong dumarating ang pinuno ko ako
ay- relax lang
50. Ang mga taong itinuturing kong mga pinuno ay- ang
aking mamamayan
60. Ang mga taong nakatataas sa akin ay ang aking-
panginoong Dios

ANALYSIS: Rigidity; the patient denotes that every time she see her
superiors coming, she is relaxed because she have a kind superiors.

Attitude towards People Supervise


4. Kung ako ang mamamahala- totolongan ko ang mahihirap
at papaaralin ang mga bata
18. Kung may mga taong gagawa para sa akin- gusto ko
tolongan nila akong kalimutan ang nangyari
33. ang mga taong gumagawa para sa akin ay- mabait
47. Sa pag-utos sa ibang tao ako ay- magalang kailangang
magplease
ANALYSIS: Helplessness; and inability to forget. The patient wants to
overcome her fear. According to her that if someone work for her, she
will please to help her to forget her fear.
Attitude towards Colleagues at Work / School
12. Sa Gawain, ang kasundong-kasundo ko ay- ang aking mga
kaibigan
27. Ang mga kasamahan ko sa Gawain- kami ay
nagtotolongan
42. Nasisiyahan akong makipagtrabaho sa mga taong-
mabait, magalang at mabuti
57. Kadalasan ang aking mga kasama sa Gawain ay-
magalang at mahalong palabero

ANALYSIS: Friendliness / attentive to others; the patient always work


with her friends. According to her, she is happy to work with good,
respectful, and kind friends.

Attitude towards Fear


6. Alam kong katawatawa, subalit ako’y takot sa- aking
pinagdaanan doon sa abroad
21. Marami sa aking mga kaibigan ang hindi nakakaalam
na ako’y takot sa- lebanon
36. Hinahangad kong mawala sa akin ang takot sa-
dibdib at isipan para maging mabuti ako
51. Sa aking pagkatakot, kadalasan ako’y napipilitang-
magdramadramahan or naiiyak

ANALYSIS: Obsessive; the patient is unable to forget her past


experienced in abroad.

Attitude towards Guilt Feelings


14. Gagawin ko ang kahit anuman upang malimutan ang
sandaling- nagging parang baliw me sa abroad
29. Ang pinkamabigat kong pagkakamali ay- yong loko
ako, diko natapos ang pagaaral ko
44. Nuong ako’y bata pa palagay ko’y nagkasala ako sa-
aking mga magulang
59. Ang pinakamabigat kong pagkakamali ay- yong
nagmahal ako at pumunta sa Lebanon dahil dito ako ay
nagsisisi

ANALYSIS: Regretfully; according to he patient, the worst thing she


done in her life was when she go to the Lebanon and be committed to
a Lebanese, now she regret it.

Attitude towards Own Ability


2. Kung ang mga suliranin ay nakapipinsala aking- buhay
16. Naniniwala akon ako’y may kakayahan sa-
magtrabaho
31. Ako’y napakahina sa- kung ang pagibig ang
pagusapan
46. Kung ako ay mawalan ng magandang kapalaran- di ko
matanggap

ANALYSIS: Weakness; the patient believed that she has the ability to
work, but weak in her love life.

Attitude towards Past


8. Noong ako ay bata pa- gustong maging isang wonder
woman
23. Bago magdigmaan, ako’y- masayahin
38. Kung ako ay magiging bata muli- gusto kong maglaro
sa ulan
53. Ang masidhing alalala ng aking kamusmusan ay-
yong nagloko ako at naglayas sa bahay

ANALYSIS: Regression; the patient was very imaginative, in the reason


she wish to be a wonder women. According to the patient, if she
returns of being child again she will play in the rain.

Attitude towards Future


5. Sa palagay ko ang aking hinaharap ay- siyang mapapabago
sa akin buhay
17. Ako’y magiging pinakamaligayang nilalang kung-
Makita ko ang mahal kong anak at pamilya
34. Balang araw ako ay- maging ganap na midwife or
responsableng ina
49. Kung ako’y tumanda tanda pa- nag mga bagay bagay

ANALYSIS: Open to change; she is prepared to face her future to forget


her worse experienced. She wants to see her family especially her son,
and if that will happen, the patient will become a responsible mother.

Attitude towards Goals / Ambitions


3. Sa simula pa,y ibig ko ng maging- isang mabuting babae
19. Pinananabikan kop ang mga sansaling- masaya ako
kasama ang aking pamilya at anak
32. Ang lihim kong mithiin sa buhay ay- maging ganap
na midwife
48. Ang pinakamimithi ko sa aking buhay ay- magkaroon
ng isang pamilya or mabuo mayron ama ang anak
ANALYSIS: Self seeking; the patient was putting her own interest and
advantage first. She wants to be with her family and son, and to have
a father for her son.

Overall Findings

 Need help and affection


 Insane and hard headed
 Family dependent
 Perfectionist and insecure
 Frustrated
 Seek attention
 Relaxed
 Helplessness
 Attentive to others
 Poor control of emotional expression
 Regretful
 Lack of self confidence
 Regression
 Open to change
 Self seeking

Summary of Findings

THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST

PERSONALITY EVALUATION
1.) Parang nagiisip kasi nalulungkot siya mayroon siyang book,
baka nalulungkot parang ako kasi umalis ako papuntang ibang
bansa katulad ng buhay ko

ANALYSIS
She feels sad to her chosen career, because she did not finished
her studies, she sacrificed her family and went to other country
to work as a Domestic Helper in Lebanon, although it is against
to her feeling to work in far place and be separated to her love
ones’ she don’t have a choice, but to work there for her son and
to fulfill her ambition.

2.) Babae may dalang book pupunta siya sa school yung tatay
nagaararo sa farm yung nanay nakatindig sa puno tinitignan ang
asawa niya parang ganon ang buhay ng mahirap, parang buhay
sa probinsya

ANALYSIS
She was force to finish her studies, because her brother
supported her studies. And her father is very strict to them so
she wasn’t able to do the things she wanted; she became
rebellious to her parents. And her father is a soldier that’s why
he is so strict to them.

3.) Yung Babae umiiyak ata siya parang may problema


masakit ang ulo dahil sa maraming problema kaya siya umuiyak,
halimbawa pagnalulungkot siya, umiiyak nagdadramadramahan,
maraming problema, parang ako noong pumunta ko ng Lebanon

ANALYSIS
During the time when she was in the Lebanon, she always cries,
she makes up stories to her employer to let her go back to the
Philippines. But the real reason why she wanted to go back home
because she was afraid to her employer when they yell and hurt
her, because they knew already that she had relationship with
one of the relatives of her employer, and she knew that it is a
prohibited in that country.

4.) Yung mag-asawa nilalambing niya ang asawa parang


nagtampo, tinanong ano ba may problema ka ba? Halimbawa sa
tatay at nanay ko o sa mag-asawa, naalala ko yung mama at
papa ko

ANALYSIS
She remembers the situation of her parent’s quarrel and they are
the reason why her parents having a conflict. She remember that
her mother is always who calm down her father and fixed their
misunderstanding. Her mother was not really that strict to her,
but her mother had no choice but to agree to her father’s
decisions for he has always the last say to their family.

5.) Si lola binuksan ang pintuan tinignan kung maayos ang


kwarto, mga gamit, tinignan kung may tao, parang may
hinahanap o wala o may magnanakaw, kung malinis. Ang lolo ko
ay wala na, ang lola ko ay laging malinis sa kwarto

ANALYSIS
She sees that it is her Lola, who always checks their room and
make sure that it is clean, and she thought her lola always look
for her to ask her do the house hold choires

6.) Parang mag-asawa sila, nakaupo sila sa upuan dumating


yung husband niya nabigla siya may tinanong yung asawa niya
basta meron magasawa na ganon.
ANALYSIS
She viewed this card when she told her boyfriend that she was
pregnant, and her boyfriend is shock after she told that she was
pregnant.

7.) Ang alaga niya parang may problema, tinanong kung may
problema siya, Anong problema? Bakit ka malungkot? Yaya at
alaga, yung alaga niya parang may problema, naglalambing sa
kanaya may hinahanap na doll, tinatanong niya ang problema

ANALYSIS
She relates this card to the children of her employers, because
when her employers having a quarrel their children are sad and she
was asking why they are sad, she already knew that she is the
reason why her employer is having a conflict.

8.) Isang babaeng inlove nag-iimagine, iniisip niya ang


kasintahan

ANALYSIS
She was dreaming of her boyfriend that they will be together in
future, and they going to build a family including her son and
making imagine that they are in that situation,

9.) Magkaibigan sila yung isa kaibigan niya tumatakbo tinitignan kung
ano reaksyon ng kaibigan. Tinatanong kung bakit tumatakbo yung
kaibigan kung may nangyaring karumaldumal sa kasintahan. Si racel yung
kaibigan nya sa Lebanon, naiisip nya bakit siya tumatakbo papuntang
embassy.

ANALYSIS
The patient viewed card # 9 as she think her situation, during the
time she was in Lebanon, she to her best friend to ask help for there
was trying to escape to their employer, she going to the embassy to
go back here in the Philippines.

10.) Mag asawang lolo at lola nagmamahalan, nagyayakapan parang


walang problema. Parang lola ko tulad ng ibang lolo at lola na
nagmamahalan dahil matanda na till death do us part.
ANALYSIS
The patient viewed the card # 10 as her grand parent, when her
lolo is still alive, like other grand parent who are loving each
other
11.) Sa falls maraming bato, may bee umiinom ng tubig, nauuhaw yung
bee tinitignan ng snake yung bee.

ANALYSIS
She does not expect bad things to happen to her while she is
Lebanon and she doesn’t aware to the people and her environment.

12.) Isang babae may kaluluwa ng nanay tinitignan yung anak para
bantayan, tumatawa habang tinitignan yung anak.

ANALYSIS
She relates this card to her mother who was wishing that she
was guided when she grew so it would not happened to her, to
have early pregnancy and to go to other country to work as
Domestic Helper.

13.) Nakahiga sa banig yung babae, namatay yung babae hindi


matanggap ng lalaki na mali yung ginawa ng kasintahan nya ni rape.

ANALYSIS
She think that her male employer abuse her sexually, because
she saw it’ lying in front on her body while she is sleeping

14.) Isang tao mula sa kadiliman pumasok sa pintuan, pumunta sa


liwanag para makita ang kaliwanagan

ANALYSIS
She wants to start a new life and forget what happened to her in
Lebanon,

15.) Isang taong pumuta sa puntod, isang kaluluwa na nakitngin sa


puntod nya, iniisip niya kung siya namatay gusto nya ng justice.

ANALYSIS
She viewed the person in card # 15 as herself .where in that
situation that she think was already dead. Because she do not it,
she continue her work while she was hurting her employers and
when she go back to the Philippines she was looking for justice
even though she knows that she can’t do it because her
employer is powerful than her but she work hard there but she
doesn’t earn money when she go back here in the Philippines.

16.) May isang tao nagmamalinis, may tinatagong masamang ugali.

ANALYSIS
She viewed card # 16 as her superior in Lebanon, she think that
her employer is so kind, but then a few months ago it suddenly chance
the way she treat by her employers.

17.) Nasa bridge yung babae, nakatingin sa ibaba parang gusto niyang
mag pakamatay dahil maraming problema pansarili at pampamilyang
problema

ANALYSIS
She relates card # 17 as herself. Back in Lebanon she thinks to
commit suicide because she can’t take her situation and she is
afraid to her employers

18.) Isang babae nawalan ng buhay yung ina sa ilalim ng hagdanan, na


heart attack yung ina may nasabi kasi siyang masamang balita.

ANALYSIS
She thinks that if her mother knows what happened to her it will
feel so sad for her.

19.) Isang bahay na may snow, inapuyan nila yung chimneya para magpainit

ANALYSIS
She wants to have a wealth life, live in a big house in other
country, have a happy family, and have a father for her son and
that her friend never betrayed her boyfriend

20.) Isang posteng ilaw tinali yung kalabaw sa poste kasi gabi na
magpapahinga na sila.

ANALYSIS
She is treated her employer’s as an animal by abusing her, not treated
as a normal, they don’t give her a food, hurting her

OVER-ALL FINDINGS

 Depression
 Lack of closeness in family situation
 Guilt
 Opposite sex viewed as stronger
 Well-organized
 Wish for protection feminine figure
 Loneliness
 Illusion
 Desire to escape from situation
 Need security
 Lack of awareness(stupor)
 Ambivalence to same sex parent
 Delusion persecution
 Fear
 Confusion
 Doubt
 Anxiety
 Worthless
 Had needs
 Feeling of hopelessness

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

The patient has depression because she was depress because


she is to far to her son and family, depress because she was abuse by
her employer, when she was go back here in the Philippines she is sad
she miss her boyfriend in the Lebanon, she believe that her boyfriend
love her so much, and she miss her son because even she was here in
manila she can’t go home because of her condition, Even though her
father had a misunderstanding when she becomes rebellious because
of strictness of her father. She is not close to him. She always follows
what her father wants her to be but she sometimes disobey him
because she felt that she has no freedom and she miss her family so
much, that’s where her lack of closeness family in situation. she
went to Lebanon without her father’s knowledge and when she got in
Lebanon they don’t have any contact to her they don’t even know
what happened to her She really got scared to her father that’s why
she refused to go back home. She had guilt because she did not saw
her son grow up and she doesn’t earned money when she goes back
here in the Philippines. She then had guilt feelings towards her father
because she didn’t fix their misunderstanding.
The patient has a viewed opposite sex as stronger when her
father and mother had a quarrel it always her mother make calm down
to her father, and always her father had a last say to their family. Even
in a male she viewed that she need a man to be a father of her son,
she was dreaming to have a happy family but her boyfriend ruin her
dream. She always wants her things in house to be well-organized
which she inherit with her grandmother, she always ask to do their
house holds and she obey her grandmother. She wish for protection
for feminine figure because when she was in Lebanon she feels she
don’t have privacy and she’s not able to take a bath properly because
of security cameras all over the house. On her first month in Lebanon
she feels the loneliness because she doesn’t know anybody. She also
has an Illusion. She always having a fantasy to her boyfriend, having
a good life when they will be in the end, they always seek each other in
a hide places so her employers didn’t see them. The patient has a
desire to escape from situation because of that it change her life.
She wants to forget about her conflict with her boyfriend and forget
about her experience in Lebanon. It was hard for her to move on
because it was a big trauma for her. She doesn’t want her son to know
about it when he grows up. She doesn’t want to hear any voice from
her employer anymore. She need security it terms of relationship,
she is seeking for a guy who will marry her to be a father of her son,
who will help her in life, that she didn’t see to her boyfriend her in the
Philippines, who never cheat to her, she see lebanist boyfriend that
even it cheated to her, it has a wealth that can provide a beautiful life
for her and her son. She had lack of awareness, she didn’t know
what happened to her when she do something like having an affair to
her employers relatives, and when her employer plant a security
camera all over the house, she do not know that her employer watch
her moves even she is in the shower, she had ambivalence same sex
parent, because she doesn’t have a care for it even she commit
mistake, her mother is always agree to her father, so her father always
yell them. She love it for a not so strict to them and for caring them.
She had delusion of persecution, she think that she was rape by her
male employer coz she think when she awake when she was their she
was her employer lying front of her body but then when she admit to
other hospital they test them for pregnancy test and the result is
negative fear, she think that she will be sexually abuse by her
employer and there are physically abuse are involved, she had
confusion she is confuse that she was still in the Lebanon even she is
here in the Philippines she heard her employer voices talking, she had
also insertion that her employer telling her something against to her
and she put in to her mind so until she go back here she was hearing
those voices she had doubt to her employer because she think her
employer want her, and doubt to her boyfriend in Lebanon having an
affair to other girls, she also have doubt to her relative like her brother
she did not recognized it after a few minutes in there first meet when
she go back here she had suicidal tendency, she attempt to kill
herself because of what happened to her, having miserable life in other
country, she had Anxiety because she had a fear to her employer
when she caught having an affair to the relative of her employer, she
was afraid what will happened to her, or she will not allowed to go back
into the Philippines, she had a feeling of worthlessness, when she is
here because she don’t have earn money for her family, and she was
suffering this condition, she don’t know what to do when she is here
she don’t want to tell her family what happened to her, because her
father will get mad on her. She had needs being women, a mother
need for a man who can accept her for a partner in life, her son who
needs her care, she miss it so much her family attention and care and
financial she need money to start her new life, she had feeling of
hopelessness when she was in the Lebanon, during the time that she
is abuse physically, emotionally and sexually, she think that she can’t
go home and she will die there.

RORSCHACH INKBLOT TEST

Personality Evaluation

Computation of Response

LOCATION:

W=9 W/R = 9/18x100 = 50% - intellectual


pretentiousness
D=2 D/R = 2/18x100 = 11.11%
dd = 6 dd/R = 6/18x100 = 33.33%
W=1 W/R = 1/18x100 = 5.5%
100 %

DETERMINANTS:

F- = 6 F- = 6/18x100 = 33.33% - overcompensation


Fc= 2 Fc = 2/18x100 = 11.11%
F=6 F = 6/18x100 = 33.33% - anxiety
C=2 C = 2/18x100 = 11.11% - shyness
F+ = 1 F+= 1/18x100 = 5.55% - inability to concentrate
Fm = Fm = 1/18x100 = 5.55 - conflict
100%

CONTENTS:

Obj = 2 Obj = 2/18x100 = 11.11%


H =3 H = 3/18x100 = 16.67% - weakness
Hd = 4 Hd =4/18x100 = 22.22% - anxiety
A=8 A = 8/18x100 = 44.44% - discouragement
N=1 N = 1/18x100 = 5.55%
100%
POPULAR:

O/R= 15 15/18x100= 83.33%


P/R= 3 3/15x100= 16.67% -
impracticality
100%
POSITION:

^/R = 10 ^ = 10/18x100 = 55.56%


v/R = 7 v = 7/18x100 = 38.89%
>/R = 1 > = 1/18x100 = 5.55%
100%
Interpretation

Monster content – helplessness


Mouse content – shyness
Emphasis of big feet on card IV – feeling of inadequacy possibly
Hd content – apprehensive
Dd – anxiety
H content – immaturity
Blood content – poorly controlled emotional impulses
X-ray content – absence of negativism
Original responses – degree of contact with reality
F+ content – ego strength
Butterfly (non popular) – mood of well being
Octopus content – active striving for independence
Mouth content – dependency
Fish content – maternal over protective
Eyes content – suspicion

Over all findings

Active striving for independency


Immaturity
Helplessness
Shyness
Inability to concentrate
Mood of well being
Anxiety
Absence of negativism
Degree of contact with reality
Feeling inadequacy possibly

Summary of findings

The father of the patient was so strict to them. They experience


military discipline by her father because of that she active striving
for independency, she will tell a lie story to make her father
believed, she can make a good stories just to escape from her father.
Her father was very strict to them. Because of that she showed
immaturity just like a child that making stories for to believe by
others. When she came to the Manila from Mindanao, she stayed in her
relatives and she work in divisoria where she knew the father of her
son. She feels helpless when her employer locked her in a room and
no one help her to escape. Because of what happened to her she feels
shyness towards her parents because she disobeyed them. She left
her son to her mother because she is inability to concentrate on
what she needs to do to make her life be in good.
After weeks in hospital where she admitted she feels a mood of
well being. She cooperated because she wants to cure but there are
times that voices of the Lebanese is she still hears she feels anxious
about that. She feels that the Lebanese was near to her. But she still
fight she don’t want to be negativism for the reason that she want
to cure and want to go back in the Mindanao to her family and
especially her son who really she missed. She knew that there was war
that happened in the Mindanao it shows that she has now a degree of
contact to reality, she knew what happened on her surroundings
especially on their place. On the other hand, she feel inadequacy
possibly towards her father when she will went back to Mindanao
because when went to Lebanon she don’t have permission of her
father. She thinks that her father will be angry to her.

GENERAL OVER ALL FINDINGS

CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS: Major Depression

FINDINGS BASIS REFERENCE EVALUATIO ANALYSIS


S N
Hallucination HPI auditory she always
hear the
voices of the
Lebanese even
if she’s in the
hospital
Insomnia She was not HPI Less sleep than she always
able to go to usual remember on
sleep because what
of different happened to
ideas would her in
come to her Lebanon when
mind on how she come back
she could here in manila,
escape from her
employer
Confused Thinking HPI Hard to escape she was
different ideas TAT 15 locked in her
would come to employer’s
her mind on house, she
how she could don’t know
escape from her how to go
employer home and how
she going to
tell her family
her situation
Lack of insight -Taking a bath HPI Odd behavior -She feel her
with lights boss watching
turned off, her by the
switching on of security
the radio but camera’s
she does not around the
want to hear house.
music and
turning on the -she thinks
television and that if there’s
she don’t want a dust around
to see the their house her
program. boss will get
mad to her.

-She always -she is afraid


caught cleaning to go out,
the house because she
because she think her she
does not want will find by
to see dust. her boss

-She would also


close the door
and the window
Language kapag HPI Incoherent She don’t
disorder tinatanong words want to talk
kung anong and to think
nangyari sa what
kanya sa happened to
Lebanon her
malayo ang
sagot nya ,
nagsasalitang
parang arabo.
Appetite Her stomach HPI Lose appetite She can’t eat
changes was aching, the because she is
doctor’s finding depress and
“ kaya sum she always
asakit ang tiyan remember
niya kasi hindi what
ito kumakain happened to
her

Illusion When the HPI Lose contact in She viewed


patient first saw reality her brother as
her brother she her employer
immediately who was a
hugged her Lebanese
brother and told
him how much
she misses their
family, she
volunteered to
get a chair for
her brother so
that they could
talk more. But
when she
comes back she
all of a sudden
shouted at her
brother “hindi
ikaw ang
kapatid ko” she
thinks that her
brother is a
lebanese
Helplessness Walang DAPT problematic She was
tumulong sa SSCT # 18 thinking what
akin para RIT her parent say
makaalis sa to her parent
poder ng amo, can say to her,
hindi ko cause she
makayanan don’t have a
yung ginawa money when
niya sa akin she came back
here
Worthless Hindi ko alam TAT 18 Need parent She was miss
kung anu attention her parent and
gagawin ko she want to
iniisip ko nga help her in her
yung mama ko problem
sana
matulungan
niya ako
Hopeless Akala ko din a TAT 20 Fear to her She was afraid
ako superior to her
makakabalikl employer that
dito sa pilipinas she do not
nung kinulong allowed to go
ako ng amo ko home

GENERAL SUMMARY OF FINDINGS WITH PSYCHODYNAMICS

When the patient came back here in manila they found out that her
behavior was changing, when she pick up by her auntie in the airport,
they know it had a problem in her work, because it was totally crying
and she was walking around that she was looking was bothered to her
self and after they got home in her auntie’s house she stayed their,
they found out that its was not in herself and they seen a biggest
changed in behavior, after her brother when in manila to see her to ask
her to be able to under go check up in the hospital to know why her is
behavior is changing, when they got in the hospital in her first week
she was afraid because she was hearing a voice of a Lebanese in the
hospital she had auditory hallucination, she heard the voices that
telling her a bad things about her she put to her mind, for that she had
insomnia she got a less sleep, because she was thinking on what
happened to her in Lebanon, she feel that she was still in the Lebanon
even she was here in manila, she was confused if she was her in
manila why she hearing the voices of Lebanese and she viewed her
brother as a Lebanese, and she want to complain what happened to
but she is afraid because her boss has known as powerful in their place
in Lebanon, she want to have her salary but she was afraid to complain
but she was thankful go back here in the Philippines, she had lack of
insight because she feels that she is still watching when she was
taking a bath so she was turning off the lights even she is here in
manila, and she always clean her auntie’s house she viewed that she is
still working as domestic helper but she was came back here and she is
her auntie’s house she able to close the windows and close the door
because she don’t she is hiding to her boss, she had language
disorder or incoherent word, she was jumping to other topic when
they talk about what happened to her in Lebanon because she don’t
was to recall or they don’t want to tell any body what happened to her
because she thinks it was a humiliation for their family, and she had
Appetite changes during she was in the Lebanon she’s not able to
eat because her boss will get mad and she is afraid that her boss is
going to poison her because it was jealous to her boyfriend which is
her boss relatives, she cant eat because she is depress, she had
illusion, because she don’t have a nutrient in her body so she had
illusion that her brother is a Lebanese and she is still in Lebanon, she
had helplessness because she think nobody can understand her on
what happened to her because it was her fault to work in other country
and she cant blame other only her self, for that she had worthless
feeling that she cannot start her life because people find her as insane,
she can go out because people will humiliate her, and she cant recover
her salary in a long period that she was working to her boss, to able to
give that money to her family, and she had hopelessness because
she wasn’t like before who can work to other country she don’t want to
go back there again she want to stay here in her family even she can
have a big salary and she was not able to see her boyfriend their
because of her boss.

Test administered and interpreted by:


REGIO, JOHN KENLY A.
BSCP IV-3

Noter by:
Serafina P Maxino
Professor

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