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Insulation Resistance (IR) Values

March 23, 2012 85 Comments


Introduction:
The measurement of insulation resistance is a common routine test performed on all types of
electrical wires and cables. As a production test, this test is often used as a customer acceptance
test, with minimum insulation resistance per unit length often specified by the customer. The
results obtained from IR Test are not intended to be useful in finding localized defects in the
insulation as in a true HIPOT test, but rather give information on the quality of the bulk material
used as the insulation.
Even when not required by the end customer, many wire and cable manufacturers use the
insulation resistance test to track their insulation manufacturing processes, and spot developing
problems before process variables drift outside of allowed limits.
Selection of IR Testers (Megger):
Insulation testers with test voltage of 500, 1000, 2500 and 5000 V are available.
The recommended ratings of the insulation testers are given below:
Voltage Level IR Tester
650V 500V DC
1.1KV 1KV DC
3.3KV 2.5KV DC
66Kv and Above 5KV DC
Test Voltage for Meggering:
When AC Voltage is used, The Rule of Thumb is Test Voltage (A.C) = (2X Name Plate
Voltage) +1000.
When DC Voltage is used (Most used in All Megger), Test Voltage (D.C) = (2X Name
Plate Voltage).
Equipment / Cable
Rating
DC Test
Voltage
24V To 50V 50V To 100V
50V To 100V 100V To 250V
100V To 240V 250V To 500V
440V To 550V 500V To 1000V
2400V 1000V To
2500V
4100V 1000V To
5000V
Measurement Range of Megger:
Test voltage Measurement
Range
250V DC 0M to 250G
500V DC 0M to 500G
1KV DC 0M to 1T
2.5KV DC 0M to 2.5T
5KV DC 0M to 5T
Precaution while Meggering:
Before Meggering:
Make sure that all connections in the test circuit are tight.
Test the megger before use, whether it gives INFINITY value when not connected, and
ZERO when the two terminals are connected together and the handle is rotated.
During Meggering:
Make sure when testing for earth, that the far end of the conductor is not touching,
otherwise the test will show faulty insulation when such is not actually the case.
Make sure that the earth used when testing for earth and open circuits is a good one
otherwise the test will give wrong information
Spare conductors should not be meggered when other working conductors of the same
cable are connected to the respective circuits.
After completion of cable Meggering:
Ensure that all conductors have been reconnected properly.
Test the functions of Points, Tracks & Signals connected through the cable for their
correct response.
In case of signals, aspect should be verified personally.
In case of points, verify positions at site. Check whether any polarity of any feed taken
through the cable has got earthed inadvertently.
Safety Requirements for Meggering:
All equipment under test MUST be disconnected and isolated.
Equipment should be discharged (shunted or shorted out) for at least as long as the test
voltage was applied in order to be absolutely safe for the person conducting the test.
Never use Megger in an explosive atmosphere.
Make sure all switches are blocked out and cable ends marked properly for safety.
Cable ends to be isolated shall be disconnected from the supply and protected from
contact to supply, or ground, or accidental contact.
Erection of safety barriers with warning signs, and an open communication channel
between testing personnel.
Do not megger when humidity is more than 70 %.
Good Insulation: Megger reading increases first then remain constant.
Bad Insulation: Megger reading increases first and then decreases.
Expected IR value gets on Temp. 20 to 30 decree centigrade.
If above temperature reduces by 10 degree centigrade, IR values will increased by two
times.
If above temperature increased by 70 degree centigrade IR values decreases by 700 times.
How to use Megger:
Meggers is equipped with three connection Line Terminal (L), Earth Terminal (E) and
Guard Terminal (G).

Resistance is measured between the Line and Earth terminals, where current will travel
through coil 1. The Guard terminal is provided for special testing situations where
one resistance must be isolated from another. Lets us check one situation where the
insulation resistance is to be tested in a two-wire cable.
To measure insulation resistance from a conductor to the outside of the cable, we need to
connect the Line lead of the megger to one of the conductors and connect the Earth
lead of the megger to a wire wrapped around the sheath of the cable.

In this configuration the Megger should read the resistance between one conductor and
the outside sheath.
We want to measure Resistance between Conductor- 2To Sheaths but Actually Megger
measure resistance in parallel with the series combination of conductor-to-conductor
resistance (R
c1-c2
) and the first conductor to the sheath (R
c1-s
).
If we dont care about this fact, we can proceed with the test as configured. If we desire
to measure only the resistance between the second conductor and the sheath (R
c2-s
), then
we need to use the meggers Guard terminal.

Connecting the Guard terminal to the first conductor places the two conductors
at almost equal potential. With little or no voltage between them, the insulation
resistance is nearly infinite, and thus there will be no current between the two conductors.
Consequently, the Meggers resistance indication will be based exclusively on the current
through the second conductors insulation, through the cable sheath, and to the wire
wrapped around, not the current leaking through the first conductors insulation.
The guard terminal (if fitted) acts as a shunt to remove the connected element from the
measurement. In other words, it allows you to be selective in evaluating certain specific
components in a large piece of electrical equipment. For example consider a two core
cable with a sheath. As the diagram below shows there are three resistances to be
considered.

If we measure between core B and sheath without a connection to the guard terminal
some current will pass from B to A and from A to the sheath. Our measurement would be
low. By connecting the guard terminal to A the two cable cores will be at very nearly the
same potential and thus the shunting effect is eliminated.
(1) IR Values For Electrical Apparatus & Systems:
(PEARL Standard / NETA MTS-1997 Table 10.1)
Max.Voltage
Rating Of
Equipment
Megger Size Min.IR
Value

250 Volts 500 Volts 25 M
600 Volts 1,000 Volts 100 M
5 KV 2,500 Volts 1,000 M
8 KV 2,500 Volts 2,000 M
15 KV 2,500 Volts 5,000 M
25 KV 5,000 Volts 20,000 M
35 KV 15,000 Volts 100,000 M
46 KV 15,000 Volts 100,000 M
69 KV 15,000 Volts 100,000 M
One Meg ohm Rule for IR Value for Equipment:
Based upon equipment rating:
< 1K V = 1 M minimum
>1KV = 1 M /1KV
As per IE Rules-1956:
At a pressure of 1000 V applied between each live conductor and earth for a period of
one minute the insulation resistance of HV installations shall be at least 1 Mega ohm or
as specified by the Bureau of Indian Standards.
Medium and Low Voltage Installations- At a pressure of 500 V applied between each live
conductor and earth for a period of one minute, the insulation resistance of medium and
low voltage installations shall be at least 1 Mega ohm or as specified by the Bureau of
Indian Standards] from time to time.
As per CBIP specifications the acceptable values are 2 Mega ohms per KV
(2) IR Value for Transformer:
Insulation resistance tests are made to determine insulation resistance from individual
windings to ground or between individual windings. Insulation resistance tests are
commonly measured directly in megohms or may be calculated from measurements of
applied voltage and leakage current.
The recommended practice in measuring insulation resistance is to always ground the
tank (and the core). Short circuit each winding of the transformer at the bushing terminals.
Resistance measurements are then made between each winding and all other windings
grounded.

Windings are never left floating for insulation resistance measurements. Solidly grounded
winding must have the ground removed in order to measure the insulation resistance of
the winding grounded. If the ground cannot be removed, as in the case of some windings
with solidly grounded neutrals, the insulation resistance of the winding cannot be
measured. Treat it as part of the grounded section of the circuit.
We need to test winding to winding and winding to ground ( E ).For three phase
transformers, We need to test winding ( L1,L2,L3 ) with substitute Earthing for Delta
transformer or winding ( L1,L2,L3 ) with earthing ( E ) and neutral ( N ) for wye
transformers.
IR Value for Transformer
(Ref: A Guide to Transformer Maintenance by. JJ. Kelly.
S.D Myer)
Transformer Formula
1 Phase Transformer IR Value (M) = C X E /
(KVA)
3 Phase Transformer
(Star)
IR Value (M) = C X E (P-n) /
(KVA)
3 Phase Transformer
(Delta)
IR Value (M) = C X E (P-P) /
(KVA)
Where C= 1.5 for Oil filled T/C with Oil Tank, 30 for Oil
filled T/C without Oil Tank or Dry Type T/C.
Temperature correction Factor (Base 20C):
Temperature correction
Factor
O
C
O
F
Correction
Factor
0 32 0.25
5 41 0.36
10 50 0.50
15 59 0.720
20 68 1.00
30 86 1.98
40 104 3.95
50 122 7.85
Example: For 1600KVA, 20KV/400V,Three Phase Transformer
IR Value at HV Side= (1.5 x 20000) / 1600 =16000 / 40 = 750 M at 20
0
C
IR Value at LV Side = (1.5 x 400 ) / 1600= 320 / 40 = 15 M at 20
0
C
IR Value at 30
0
C =15X1.98= 29.7 M
Insulation Resistance of Transformer Coil
Transformer
Coil Voltage
Megger Size

Min.IR Value
Liquid Filled
T/C

Min.IR
Value Dry
Type T/C
0 600 V 1KV 100 M 500 M
600 V To 5KV 2.5KV 1,000 M 5,000 M
5KV To 15KV 5KV 5,000 M 25,000 M
15KV To 69KV 5KV 10,000 M 50,000 M
IR Value of Transformers:
Voltage Test Voltage
(DC) LV
side
Test Voltage
(DC) HV
side
Min IR
Value
415V 500V 2.5KV 100M
Up to 6.6KV 500V 2.5KV 200M
6.6KV to 11KV 500V 2.5KV 400M
11KV to 33KV 1000V 5KV 500M
33KV to 66KV 1000V 5KV 600M
66KV to 132KV 1000V 5KV 600M
132KV to
220KV
1000V 5KV 650M
Steps for measuring the IR of Transformer:
Shut down the transformer and disconnect the jumpers and lightning arrestors.
Discharge the winding capacitance.
Thoroughly clean all bushings
Short circuit the windings.
Guard the terminals to eliminate surface leakage over terminal bushings.
Record the temperature.
Connect the test leads (avoid joints).
Apply the test voltage and note the reading. The IR. Value at 60 seconds after application
of the test voltage is referred to as the Insulation Resistance of the transformer at the test
temperature.
The transformer Neutral bushing is to be disconnected from earth during the test.
All LV surge diverter earth connections are to be disconnected during the test.
Due to the inductive characteristics of transformers, the insulation resistance reading shall
not be taken until the test current stabilizes.
Avoid meggering when the transformer is under vacuum.
Test Connections of Transformer for IR Test (Not Less than 200 M):
Two winding transformer:
1. (HV + LV) GND
2. HV (LV + GND)
3. LV (HV + GND)
Three winding transformer:
1. HV (LV + TV + GND)
2. LV (HV + TV + GND)
3. (HV + LV + TV) GND
4. TV (HV + LV + GND)
Auto transformer (two winding):
1. (HV + LV) GND
Auto Transformer (three winding):
1. (HV + LV) (TV + GND)
2. (HV + LV + TV) GND
3. TV (HV + LV + GND)
For any installation, the insulation resistance measured shall not be less than:
HV Earth 200 M
LV Earth 100 M
HV LV 200 M
Factors affecting on IR value of Transformer
The IR value of transformers are influenced by
surface condition of the terminal bushing
quality of oil
quality of winding insulation
temperature of oil
duration of application and value of test voltage
(3) IR Value for Tap Changer:
IR between HV and LV as well as windings to earth.
Minimum IR value for Tap changer is 1000 ohm per volt service voltage
(4) IR Value for Electric motor:
For electric motor, we used a insulation tester to measure the resistance of motor winding with
earthing ( E ).
For rated voltage below 1KV, measured with a 500VDC Megger.
For rated voltage above 1KV, measured with a 1000VDC Megger.
In accordance with IEEE 43, clause 9.3, the following formula should be applied.
Min IR Value (For Rotating Machine) =(Rated voltage (v) /1000) + 1

As per IEEE 43 Standard 1974,2000
IR Value in M
IR (Min) = kV+1 For most windings made before about
1970, all field windings, and others
not described below
IR (Min) = 100 M For most dc armature and ac windings
built after about 1970 (form wound
coils)
IR (Min) = 5 M For most machines with random -
wound stator coils and form-wound
coils rated below 1kV
Example-1: For 11KV, Three Phase Motor.
IR Value =11+1=12 M but as per IEEE43 It should be 100 M
Example-2: For 415V,Three Phase Motor
IR Value =0.415+1=1.41 M but as per IEEE43 It should be 5 M.
As per IS 732 Min IR Value of Motor=(20XVoltage(p-p/(1000+2XKW))
IR Value of Motor as per NETA ATS 2007. Section 7.15.1
Motor Name Plate
(V)
Test Voltage Min IR
Value
250V 500V DC 25 M
600V 1000V DC 100M
1000V 1000V DC 100M
2500V 1000V DC 500M
5000V 2500V DC 1000M
8000V 2500V DC 2000M
15000V 2500V DC 5000M
25000V 5000V DC 20000M
34500V 15000V DC 100000M
IR Value of Submersible Motor:
IR Value of Submersible Motor
Motor Out off Well (Without
Cable)
IR Value
New Motor 20 M
A used motor which can be
reinstalled
10 M
Motor Installed in Well (With
Cable)

New Motor 2 M
A used motor which can be
reinstalled
0.5 M
(5) IR Value for Electrical cable and wiring:
For insulation testing, we need to disconnect from panel or equipment and keep them
isolated from power supply. The wiring and cables need to test for each other ( phase to
phase ) with a ground ( E ) cable. The Insulated Power Cable Engineers Association
(IPCEA) provides the formula to determine minimum insulation resistance values.
R = K x Log 10 (D/d)
R =IR Value in Ms per 1000 feet (305 meters) of cable.
K =Insulation material constant.( Varnished Cambric=2460, Thermoplastic
Polyethlene=50000,Composite Polyethylene=30000)
D =Outside diameter of conductor insulation for single conductor wire and cable
( D = d + 2c + 2b diameter of single conductor cable )
d Diameter of conductor
c Thickness of conductor insulation
b Thickness of jacket insulation
HV test on new XLPE cable (As per ETSA Standard)
Application Test Voltage Min IR
Value
New cables Sheath 1KV DC 100 M
New cables Insulation 10KV DC 1000 M
After repairs Sheath 1KV DC 10 M
After repairs
Insulation
5KV DC 1000M
11kV and 33kV Cables between Cores and Earth (As per ETSA Standard)
Application Test Voltage Min IR
Value
11KV New cables Sheath 5KV DC 1000 M
11KV After repairs Sheath 5KV DC 100 M
33KV no TFs connected 5KV DC 1000 M
33KV with TFs connected. 5KV DC 15M

IR Value Measurement (Conductors to conductor (Cross Insulation))
The first conductor for which cross insulation is being measured shall be connected to
Line terminal of the megger. The remaining conductors looped together (with the help of
crocodile clips) i. e. Conductor 2 and onwards, are connected to Earth terminal of megger.
Conductors at the other end are left free.
Now rotate the handle of megger or press push button of megger. The reading of meter
will show the cross Insulation between conductor 1 and rest of the conductors. Insulation
reading shall be recorded.
Now connect next conductor to Line terminal of the megger & connect the remaining
conductors to earth terminal of the megger and take measurements.
IR Value Measurement (Conductor to Earth Insulation)
Connect conductor under test to the Line terminal of the megger.
Connect earth terminal of the megger to the earth.
Rotate the handle of megger or press push button of megger. The reading of meter will
show the insulation resistance of the conductors. Insulation reading shall be recorded
after applying the test voltage for about a minute till a steady reading is obtained.
IR Value Measurements:
If during periodical testing, insulation resistance of cable is found between 5 and 1 M
/km at buried temperature, the subject cable should be programmed for replacement.
If insulation resistance of the cable is found between 1000 and 100 K /km, at buried
temperature, the subject cable should be replaced urgently within a year.
If the insulation resistance of the cable is found less than 100 kilo ohm/km., the subject
cable must be replaced immediately on emergency basis.
(6) IR Value for Transmission / Distribution Line:
Equipment. Megger Size Min IR Value
S/S .Equipments 5 KV 5000M
EHVLines. 5 KV 10M
H.T. Lines. 1 KV 5M
LT / Service Lines. 0.5 KV 5M
(7) IR Value for Panel Bus:
IR Value for Panel = 2 x KV rating of the panel.
Example, for a 5 KV panel, the minimum insulation is 2 x 5 = 10 M.
(8) IR Value for Substation Equipment:
Generally meggering Values of Substation Equipments are.
.Typical IR Value of S/S Equipments
Equipment Megger Size IR
Value(Min)
Circuit Breaker
(Phase-Earth) 5KV,10 KV 1000 M
(Phase-Phase) 5KV,10 KV 1000 M
Control Circuit 0.5KV 50 M
CT/PT
(Pri-Earth) 5KV,10 KV 1000 M
(Sec-Phase) 5KV,10 KV 50 M
Control Circuit 0.5KV 50 M
Isolator
(Phase-Earth) 5KV,10 KV 1000 M
(Phase-Phase) 5KV,10 KV 1000 M
Control Circuit 0.5KV 50 M
L.A (Phase-Earth) 5KV,10 KV 1000 M
Electrical Motor (Phase-Earth) 0.5KV 50 M
LT Switchgear (Phase-Earth) 0.5KV 100 M
LT Transformer (Phase-Earth) 0.5KV 100 M
IR Value of S/S Equipments As per DEP Standard
Equipment Meggering
IR Value at
Commissioning
Time (M)
IR Value at
Maintenance
Time(M)
Switchgear
HV Bus 200 M 100 M
LV Bus 20 M 10 M
LV wiring 5 M 0.5 M
Cable(min 100
Meter)
HV & LV (10XKV) / KM (KV) / KM
Motor & Generator Phase-Earth 10(KV+1) 2(KV+1)
Transformer Oil
immersed
HV & LV 75 M 30 M
Transformer Dry
Type
HV 100 M 25 M
LV 10 M 2 M
Fixed
Equipments/Tools
Phase-Earth 5K / Volt 1K / Volt
Movable Equipments Phase-Earth 5 M 1M
Distribution
Equipments
Phase-Earth 5 M 1M
Circuit Breaker
Main Circuit 2 M / KV
Control Circuit 5M
Relay
D.C Circuit-
Earth
40M
LT Circuit-
Earth
50M
LT-D.C Circuit 40M
LT-LT 70M
(9) IR Value for Domestic /Industrial Wiring:
A low resistance between phase and neutral conductors, or from live conductors to earth,
will result in a leakage current. This cause deterioration of the insulation, as well as
involving a waste of energy which would increase the running costs of the installation.
The resistance between Phase-Phase-Neutral-Earth must never be less than 0.5 M Ohms
for the usual supply voltages.
In addition to the leakage current due to insulation resistance, there is a further current
leakage in the reactance of the insulation, because it acts as the dielectric of a capacitor.
This current dissipates no energy and is not harmful, but we wish to measure the
resistance of the insulation, so DC Voltage is used to prevent reactance from being
included in the measurement.
1 Phase Wiring:
The IR test between Phase-Natural to earth must be carried out on the complete
installation with the main switch off, with phase and neutral connected together, with
lamps and other equipment disconnected, but with fuses in, circuit breakers closed and all
circuit switches closed.
Where two-way switching is wired, only one of the two stripper wires will be tested. To
test the other, both two-way switches should be operated and the system retested. If
desired, the installation can be tested as a whole, when a value of at least 0.5 M Ohms
should be achieved.

3 Phase Wiring:
In the case of a very large installation where there are many earth paths in parallel, the
reading would be expected to be lower. If this happens, the installation should be
subdivided and retested, when each part must meet the minimum requirement.

The IR tests must be carried out between Phase-Phase-Neutral-Earth with a minimum
acceptable value for each test of 0.5 M Ohms.
IR Testing for Low voltage
circuit voltage Test voltage IR
Value(Min)
Extra Low Voltage 250V DC 0.25M
Up to 500 V except for
above
500 V DC 0.5M
500 V To 1KV 1000 V DC 1.0M
Min IR Value = 50 M / No of Electrical outlet. (All Electrical Points with fitting
& Plugs).
Min IR Value = 100 M / No of Electrical outlet. (All Electrical Points without
fitting & Plugs).
Required Precautions:
Electronic equipment like electronic fluorescent starter switches, touch switches, dimmer
switches, power controllers, delay timers could be damaged by the application of the high
test voltage should be disconnected.
Capacitors and indicator or pilot lamps must be disconnected or an inaccurate test reading
will result.
Where any equipment is disconnected for testing purposes, it must be subjected to its
own insulation test, using a voltage which is not likely to result in damage. The result
must conform with that specified in the British Standard concerned, or be at least 0.5 M
Ohms if there is no Standard.
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About Jignesh.Parmar
Jignesh Parmar has completed his B.E(Electrical) from Gujarat University. He has more than 11
years experience in Power Transmission-Power Distribution-Electrical energy theft detection-
Electrical Maintenance-Electrical Projects(Planning-Designing-coordination-Execution). He is
Presently associate with one of the leading business group as a Assistant Manager at
Ahmedabad,India. He is Freelancer Programmer of Advance Excel and design useful Excel
Sheets of Electrical Engineering as per IS,NEC,IEC,IEEE codes. He is technical Author for
"Electrical Mirror" and "Electrical India" Magazines. He is Technical Blogger and Familiar with
English, Hindi, Gujarati, French languages. He wants to Share his experience & knowledge and
help technical enthusiasts to find suitable solutions and updating themselves on various
Engineering Topics.
85 Responses to I nsulation Resistance (I R) Values
1. modupalli says:
March 23, 2012 at 10:16 pm
Outstanding Stuff. Thanks For Sharing..
Reply
o Deja jacob says:
March 25, 2014 at 1:01 am
WHAT ARE THE GOOD RESISTANCE VALUE?
Reply
Jignesh.Parmar says:
March 25, 2014 at 4:10 pm
GOOD means. ALL suspected value according to equipments are
already given
2. vilas K. says:
April 11, 2012 at 8:30 am
Dear Sir Hats Off !! & many thanx for your invaluable contribution in enriching the
experience of Elect. Engineers & making them available the fabulous data at a glance.. Pl
keep posted. If U can throw some light on selection of MCB/MCCB & contactors in
relation to their diff characteristics.
Reply
o Jignesh.Parmar says:
April 11, 2012 at 2:19 pm
You can find Type of MCB/MCCB and Char of All type of Contactor from
ELECTRICAL NOTES page of this Blog
Reply
3. varghese says:
April 15, 2012 at 12:25 pm
dear sir is a great work. thanks
could u pls explain the effects of rise in temperature on insulation resistance of
transformer.
Reply
4. Barun Majumder says:
May 7, 2012 at 10:48 am
Dear sir many many thanks for sharing valuable article of electrical engineering . I want
to know more about electrical design (Distribution, industrial & commercial ) and
protection system from your end point to point . If you have any book/site for those
design please let me know the name.
I am working as a design engineer but i am not enough confident about my design and
protection system. i want your valuable assistance in this field .
Thanking you
Yours faithfully
Barun Majumder
Kolkata
Reply
5. kumereshan P S says:
May 13, 2012 at 4:17 am
Sir,
great work,i want to know the IS standards for IR value of Sub station equipment
With regards
Kumereshan
Reply
o anand says:
October 5, 2012 at 8:19 am
thank for good infrm abot elecyrhghc
Reply
6. Tuulia Paloranta says:
May 29, 2012 at 5:49 am
Honestly i am not quite good on electric thing and this one is very good for me to study
so well and learn a lot many thanks for this article.
Reply
7. keyur says:
June 8, 2012 at 2:53 pm
Thanks for sharing your valuable exp. and it is very helpful for me because I am diploma
holder and I am working in gulf country as electrical supervisor so it is useful for me and
Thanks
keyur
Reply
8. MANOHAR says:
June 14, 2012 at 5:20 am
Dear sir
I need calculation formula of IR Values of an elect drives
Reply
9. Madanmohan says:
June 16, 2012 at 5:50 am
Wonderful explanation. Really very much useful document. Thnak you very much
Reply
10. sathesh says:
July 9, 2012 at 5:59 pm
Very nice sir.. Thanku..
Reply
11. rehan says:
July 13, 2012 at 9:58 pm
good information, thanks for your time.
Reply
12. custom milagros says:
July 15, 2012 at 4:20 pm
2 thumbs up.
Reply
13. Gurmeet Singh says:
July 20, 2012 at 4:49 am
Very -2 Thanks sir
Reply
14. preeti says:
July 25, 2012 at 11:52 am
thanks, very good information
Reply
15. osarenkhoe nosa glory says:
August 11, 2012 at 9:15 am
this is absolutely nice. a well written document. thanks.
Reply
16. Naveen says:
August 12, 2012 at 6:23 am
Thank you Sir, much appreciated
Reply
17. A. Hasasn says:
August 12, 2012 at 2:15 pm
Dear Sir;
Really your this article is very very important for electrical related people.Your this
contribution is excellant. A lot of thanks sir.
Kind Regardrs
Reply
18. K.M.Pandey says:
August 18, 2012 at 5:04 am
Respected Sir.
This article very important and useful for all those person who are related with Electrical
field. Thanks a lot for sharing your knowledge with all people. Really you are nice and
gentleman.
With regards,
K.M.Pandey,
Reply
o subodh kumar pandey says:
August 26, 2012 at 1:20 pm
very very important for electrical engineers.
lot of thanks
Reply
19. ahmed nawaz says:
September 21, 2012 at 3:40 pm
Ch.Ahmed Nawaz
thanks sir for giving very usefull information.
Reply
20. radhakishan pawar says:
September 30, 2012 at 6:28 am
thanks sir i have no word to explain how much it is useful to student.
thanks again
Reply
21. THAKOR SANJAY says:
October 5, 2012 at 1:17 pm
I AM A TESTING ENGINEER.THIS INFO. IS VERY USEFUL FOR ME
VERY VERY THANKS FOR THIS
Reply
22. Vilas G. says:
October 11, 2012 at 11:01 am
Thanks . valuable note for electrical engineers.
Reply
23. Steve Arreola says:
October 23, 2012 at 8:44 pm
Thank you much for taking the time to share this information
Reply
24. Mr. Judy Diano says:
October 31, 2012 at 11:45 am
Thank you so much,for sharing Sir, I learned a lot of your link GOD BLESS
Reply
25. arshad says:
November 30, 2012 at 6:23 pm
thanks for beautiful notes
Reply
26. Jet Paliangayan says:
December 3, 2012 at 12:11 pm
how to do IR test for single core pvc/xlpe/pvc cables
Reply
27. jamestryre says:
December 12, 2012 at 2:49 am
great info, thx
Reply
28. Thiyaga says:
December 19, 2012 at 10:41 am
Incredible work. Hats off for your awesome articles. pl keep posting more and more
Reply
29. sambasivarao chagantipati says:
December 25, 2012 at 7:46 pm
Very useful information
Reply
30. rohtash verma( Himachal pradesh) says:
December 29, 2012 at 2:02 am
Thanks parmar ji very use full information regarding IR value of electric motors
Reply
31. M.Zaman says:
January 8, 2013 at 10:56 am
thanks for valuable information.
Reply
32. FELIX Jr. says:
January 10, 2013 at 7:44 am
Please, you must also include here the Polarization Index (PI) as well for its significance
and explain why it is required with respect to the IR test being done on the electrical
equipment and the electrical cables and installations, as an additional information for the
new commissioning engineers and enthusiasts. Supressing other comments are not at all
interesting and helpfull.
Reply
o Jignesh.Parmar says:
January 10, 2013 at 2:38 pm
Yes You are right PI value is as important as IR Value specially HV Equipments.
Here I gave only Overview of IR Testing and its value.
To rise comment is totally depend upon the reader.
In near future I will definitely cover the Topic of PI.
Reply
deepak parmar says:
June 6, 2013 at 12:18 pm
I want to know the acceptable leakage current values in the HV testing as
per IEC standards.
And thanks for the info provided above
33. sateesh says:
January 21, 2013 at 11:18 am
excellent explanation about IR test
thanks a lot.
Reply
34. vincent says:
February 4, 2013 at 7:23 pm
Good knowledge.thank you.
Reply
35. Anderson says:
February 6, 2013 at 5:41 pm
Excelente trabajo, quiero saber cuales son las normas que rigen estas pruebas y si existe
alguna estandarizacin de resultados. Gracias
Reply
36. Debra Scriver says:
February 11, 2013 at 10:53 pm
Thanks for such a great article. Very interesting and informative. Thanks Buddy
Reply
37. Diganta ku. Ray says:
February 23, 2013 at 3:12 pm
Thank you so much sir,this help me a lot in my field.its very very useful for those are in
electrical line.
Reply
38. JAYESH PATEL says:
February 28, 2013 at 4:57 am
how many Insulation Resistance of the Whole Installation permissible ?
how many Insulation Resistance Between Conductors ?
how many Insulation Resistance Between Each Conductor & Earth ?
Reply
39. honest forex signals says:
March 4, 2013 at 5:26 am
Hello very nice blog!! Man .. Excellent .. Amazing .. I will bookmark your web site and
take the feeds additionally?
I am glad to find numerous helpful info here in the put up, we want work out more
strategies on this regard, thank you for sharing.
. . . . .
Reply
40. fayyaz says:
March 10, 2013 at 10:12 pm
thks good information can you mail me how to check insulation of dc 24 volt system.
also i want to know how insulation monitor works.
Reply
41. khan wasim says:
March 11, 2013 at 5:01 pm
Thanks a lot
Reply
42. sonu kumar says:
March 14, 2013 at 2:40 pm
thanks for this valueable data.
Reply
43. Ashok O Kale Kale says:
March 21, 2013 at 12:05 pm
Thanx .
Reply
44. DEBASHISH BHATTACHARYA says:
April 2, 2013 at 5:10 pm
Excellent information. Really appreciate the knowledge you have shared with readers.
Sir can you pls tell me what should be minimum value of IR for PVC make busboot used
for 11 KV , 22 KV , 33 KV and 66 KV.
Regards
Debashish Bhattacharya
Reply
45. Gerald says:
April 3, 2013 at 10:50 am
Thanks for sharing
Reply
46. CPR vittal says:
May 1, 2013 at 12:46 pm
excellent article.
the formula for insulation resistance of a cable per 1000 ft.
how to calculate it per meter or per feet.
pl explain
Reply
47. jigyesh sharma says:
May 8, 2013 at 1:49 am
what precautions i should take when CT is connected in HT board and i have do megger.?
Reply
48. ibnu says:
May 11, 2013 at 2:53 am
lightning cable for crane there are 2 point earth terminal, each has individual ground
cable, i meggar 1kV both cable, gives different reading 200Mohm & almost infinity for
another one. why? can accept the value?
Reply
49. ibnu says:
May 11, 2013 at 2:57 am
can 11kv cable, meggar at 1kv only, during before & after hipot test? (hipot at 30.5kv)
Reply
50. parveen kumar says:
May 11, 2013 at 2:33 pm
dear sir i want to know why used in transformer secondary side very thin wire
Reply
51. FELIX Jr. says:
May 12, 2013 at 4:57 am
Yes, you can use 1kV DC- MEGGER TESTER prior to HIPOT Testing if your electrical
cable is rated 11kV and HIGHER and if it has 130 % rated insulation. After HIPOT test,
if successful, you can megger it again with 1kV only at no more than 1 minute just to
make sure no damage has occurred during and after HIPOT TEST.
By FMSJr. / Abu Dhabi, UAE
Reply
52. Nasurudheen Kamal Basha says:
May 13, 2013 at 9:22 am
Useful stuff.. Thanks for sharing!!
Reply
53. MOHAMMAD says:
June 17, 2013 at 11:02 am
THANKS ALOT VERY GREATFUL INFO
Reply
54. Pushkar Singh says:
June 23, 2013 at 11:12 am
Thanks for sharing excellent information.
Pushkar Singh ONGC
Reply
55. A V N Phanindra says:
July 4, 2013 at 7:01 am
thank u so much sir its very brief and simple to understand clearly.
Reply
56. ASMA says:
July 20, 2013 at 10:16 am
WHAT WOULD BE THE MEGGAR REULT OF A GOOD CONDITION 25 KVA
TRANSFORMER?
I WILL BE OBLIGED..KINDLY HELP ME.
Reply
o FELIX Jr. says:
July 21, 2013 at 5:29 am
GOOD DAY ! Your posted question about the MEGGER result for a good
condition for 25kVA Transformer is very general as you did not specify the input
and output voltages of this electrical equipment and if it is oil immersed or dry
type. At anyrate, assuming its oil filled step-up transformer, outdoor pole
mounted, for a good IR result for primary winding, normally it should not be less
than 500Megaohm and the secondary windings IR reading should be not less
than 300Megaohm with respect to earth and higher between windings. Again,
these are assumptions only and the higher the voltage rating of the transformer the
higher IR reading should result. Defective insulations will read low values of IR
readings and contaminated oil insulation, for oil immersed type transformers. For
dry type Transfomers, the good IR readings of the windings are also in that
vicinity but lower than oil immersed type.
Reply
57. J.R Bohra says:
July 20, 2013 at 11:48 pm
very very helpful
Thanks
J,R Bohra
Unique Engineer Noida
Reply
58. Diptiranjan Nayak says:
July 23, 2013 at 5:10 am
Thank u sir,
I am clear about IR value.
Reply
59. raghav says:
July 26, 2013 at 4:37 am
dear sir,
i need more information about how to calculate ir values and what principle it requires to
calculate ir values?
Reply
60. Musa says:
August 22, 2013 at 3:25 am
Anybody can answer my query?
We have 25kV AC system for Overhead Line Equipment (OHE). This system is installed
for Electrified Train system (Railway project).
We have conduct IR testing before charging the lines for each electrical subsection (the
longest section about 20km). The result we achieved 0.5MOhm 5MOhm (taken during
night time) and 200MOhm 700MOhm (taken during night time). The temperature
during night time is around 27 28 degree Celsius (in Malaysia).
We injecting megger size 5kV and result achieved as above. As mentioned in the article
(i think it is similar to our system IR value for transmission/ distribution line) which is
stated Min. IR values shall be 10MOhm.
Is it the result we achieved okay, especially the result taken during night time?
Reply
61. sampath says:
September 3, 2013 at 6:28 am
thank for more information now i harry to check insulation resistance long 132Kv
transmission line & will have called you after testing
Reply
62. SYAM says:
September 4, 2013 at 9:00 am
Dear Jignesh,
Just for curiosity can you please tell me what is the full form of DEP standards which
you have mentioned under the section IR Value of S/S Equipments As per DEP
Standard.
Hope you will reply
Regards
SYAM
Reply
63. Sekar Ram says:
September 12, 2013 at 12:58 pm
Mr Jignesh
This is one of the greatest selfless efforts I have seen. This is pure social service. Hats
off!!
Reply
64. Stephen says:
September 13, 2013 at 1:46 pm
Hello. Question, if we have 5 conductors per phase on a lugs and we want to megger the
groups, ie: phase to phase and phase to ground and the readings are above 1 M ohm, is
that OK? We had previously meggered all the cabels individually prior to installing. The
job was shut down for a while, and this is for a precaution, prior to re-energizing.
Reply
65. vijay says:
September 25, 2013 at 11:39 am
dear jignesh sir,
Can i have the entire notes in site in form of book? How much does it cost?
Reply
66. vijayendrarao kv says:
November 2, 2013 at 10:48 am
very very useful and very thanks for made me doubt clear..
Reply
67. Michel says:
November 29, 2013 at 10:49 am
thanks Bro that is too goooooooooooooood for us
Reply
68. ESAKKIPANDI says:
December 5, 2013 at 5:16 am
the explanation is excellent
Reply
69. rahul jangme says:
January 5, 2014 at 2:41 pm
thank you sir
Reply
70. ali says:
January 12, 2014 at 1:18 pm
thank you so much Dr
Reply
71. Doma Hudu says:
February 8, 2014 at 2:26 pm
thank sir. I need a copy via my e-mail. please am wait for your response Sir.
Reply
72. Srinivasan says:
February 12, 2014 at 3:40 am
Thank you sir. Useful detail information.
Reply
73. aby says:
February 20, 2014 at 10:17 am
Sir,
appreciate your ideas and procedures.
May i know ,whether there is any necessity or mandatory rules saying that the speaker
cables to be meggered?
if yes,then what should be the applied voltage?
Reply
74. roop says:
February 23, 2014 at 6:17 am
dear mr Parmar first of all thanks for sharing the information
Reply
75. roop says:
February 23, 2014 at 6:22 am
we are building a 9 km road tunnel, we usually facing problem with ht cable, whenever it
is damaged it took 3 to4 hour for jointing, lot of production loss please advise any
alternate means of transmission of ht cable or any ht joint available around the world to
do the jointing quickly.
Reply
76. Felix Jr San Buenaventura says:
March 26, 2014 at 4:44 am
THESE ARE GOOD INFORMATION AND REFERENCE FOR ALL ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERS AND COMMISSIONING ENGINEERS BE IT IN DESIGN
ENGINEERING OR IN COMMISSIONING WORKS OF PROJECTS RELATED TO
ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND IN DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEMS THE WORLD OVER. TIKE !, SALAMAT PO !, GRACIAS !, QZI QZI !,
TERIMA KASIH !
Reply
77. SB says:
March 27, 2014 at 7:26 am
Thank you ever so much! For sharing such good info, extremely relevant.
Reply
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About Jignesh Parmar:
Jignesh Parmar has completed his B.E(Electrical) from Gujarat University. He is member of
Institution of Engineers (MIE),India. Membership No:M-1473586.He has more than 12 years
experience in Transmission -Distribution-Electrical Energy theft detection-Electrical
Maintenance-Electrical Projects (Planning-Designing-Technical Review-coordination -
Execution). He is Presently associate with one of the leading business group as a Assistant
Manager at Ahmedabad,India. He has published numbers of Technical Articles in "Electrical
Mirror", "Electrical India", "Lighting India", "Industrial Electrix"(Australian Power Publications)
Magazines. He is Freelancer Programmer of Advance Excel and design useful Excel base
Electrical Programs as per IS, NEC, IEC,IEEE codes. He is Technical Blogger and Familiar with
English, Hindi, Gujarati, French languages. He wants to Share his experience & Knowledge and
help technical enthusiasts to find suitable solutions and updating themselves on various
Engineering Topics.
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