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BADRI
.1
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-4 .
-5
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-7 .
-8
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-10 .
.2
(1
ENG.BADRI
(2
(3
(4
(5
.3
(1
(2
(3
(4
(5
.4
/ 4
) (ditch
.
.5
-1 /5 -2
-3
.6
/6
1000
) (v -:
3000
-:
(1 )( denese concrete
(2 )(%25-10
(3 )( super plasticizers
2
ENG.BADRI
(4
(5
(6
.7
-1 /7 )33-5(
32 ) ( deck slab
26
60 10
60 15
%90 40
.8
/8
.9
5 -/+160
/9
5-/+145
.10
/10
%4
.11
/11 %5
.12 ACI
/12
ENG.BADRI
.13
/13
.14 A-2-4 & A-4
200
(A-2-4 granular materials( silt or clay gravel &sand 14/
Well graded material pass #200 35% max
A-4 SILTY CLAY POOR TO FAIR SOIL PASS#200 36% MIN
.15 F.M
F.M
/ 15 ) ( numerical no
) ( 301-2.3
) (100+50+30+16+8+4 100
ENG.BADRI
: -:
(1
(2
)(40/50
(3
(4 )( Rutting 5
.
) ( RAVELING
-:
.1
.2
.3
.4 )( OVER HEATING
.5
.6
.7 ( NON-STRPPING) %95
.8
)(Sandmix
.18 aggregate
-1 /18 %40
-2 ) ( SOUNDNESS
%12 %10
-3 )( FRIABLE %1
-4 ) F.M )2.3-3.1
-5 ) soft fragment& shale's( %5
) (
ENG.BADRI
.19 workability
/19
-:
-1
-2 )( admixture
-3
-4 )( surface texture
.20 coating& strip
( strip) /20
%5
) ( coating
%95
.21 A3 %90
/21 %70
%90 ) completely
( dry
(14000 100 (
ENG.BADRI
%15 /23 4
%50 %7.5
.22
/24
-1
-2
-3
-4
.23
(1
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
7
ENG.BADRI
-6
(2
(3
(4
(5
(6
(7
(8
(9
(10
(11
(12
.24
(1
(2 )
( STANDARD
8
ENG.BADRI
(3
.25
(1
(2 )( x-sec
(3
) ( shop drawing
.26 30
20
/28
.27 A-1-a A-1-b
/29
(1 ) ( grave l &sand %35>200
( P.I=6MAX) (2
FOR(A-1-a) pass#200=15max&A-1-b =25max (3
.28
200 A3&A-2-4
/30 ) (sieve analysis )P.I
(
A-2-4 pass#200=35max p.i=10max
A3 pass#200=10% p.i=0
9
ENG.BADRI
.29 190
/31 ) ( sandmix
.30 CBR
/32
(1 )( ABC&S.GR&SUB BASE
.31 proctor
/33
.32 compaction
p.i
)( Embankment
/34
(1 %90
(2 )60( %95
(3 )( A5 )(A-1a
)( Sub.grade
(1 %98
95% (2
(3 )( A-2-4&A-1-b&A-1-a
A-1-a&A-1-b P.I = 6MAX/ A2-4&A4&A5 P.I=10MAX (4
10
ENG.BADRI
.33
ABC&BBC&BWC
/35
.1
S.E =45% min .2
Abrasion = 45% max .3
Soundness = 12% max .4
CBR 100&80&65 due to max size 2 &11/2&1inch .5
L.L =25 max .6
P.I=6 max .7
.8 8 %90
ENG.BADRI
SOFTING POINT= 75-90 85 .10 75
10
)(40/50
.34
Los by abrasion = 40% max .1
Sodium soundness of F.A = 10% max .2
Sodium soundness of C.A =12% max .3
Friable particles C.A& F.A = 1% max .4
S.E = 75% min .5
F.M = 2.3 3.1 RANGE0.2 .6
Soft fragment &shale's = 5% max .7
Thin& elongated particles = 15%max .8
.9
.35 capping
/37 ) (P.I
.36
/39
%10 %20
.37 ) (.R.I I
/39 1.6/
)1.6/(
.38
/40 )
(
.39 Sand equivalent
12
ENG.BADRI
/41
4
) ( swelling
.40 RD
/42
) %70 ( %76
%70 )( loose
.41 graduation sieve analysis
/43 ) ( graduation
.42 )
(BBC&BWC&ABC&Sbgrade&embankment
/44
Gmb/Gmm= 92-95% for BBC .1
BWC 91-94% for .2
SUB.GRADE 98% MODFIED PROCTOR .3
(EMBK (90-95% .4
.43
/45
.1
.2 )( SLUMP
.3 ) ( STRENGTH 7 28 +
13
ENG.BADRI
ENG.BADRI
.49
(1 )60(
(2
(3
.50
.51
.52
) ( S.STIK
.53
15
ENG.BADRI
(1
(2
(3
.54
.1
.2
.55
(1
(2
.56
.57
3.6
25
.58
.59
16
ENG.BADRI
.60
.61
(1
(2
(3
.62
.63
44
(BBC ( VV=5-8 (1
(BWC ( VV= 4-7 (2
(3 ) ( BWC
(4
.64 1.4
1.2> (1
1.2-1.4 (2 %10
1.4-1.6 (3 %20
1.6 < (4
(5 %10
17
ENG.BADRI
.65
SONIC TEST (1
Schmidt Rebound Hammer (2 28
Radio active (3 x
Penetration prob test (4
Water test (5
.66
(1 )( uniform
(2
(3
(4 )( coating
(5 )( uniform
(6
(7 )( not fat
Should not steam in truck (8
.67 Quality
45
(1 )( CORE
(2 )(
(3
(4
(5
18
ENG.BADRI
.68
.69
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.70
.71 3
.72 2
.73
ENG.BADRI
Pipe .1
Box .2
.75 )(plastic shrinkage
.1
.2
.3
.4
.76
(1
(2 %11
)( Corrosion
(3
.77
Crakes .1
Bleeding .2
Decrease strength .3
.78
(1
(2
(3
(4
.79
(1
(2
.80
20
ENG.BADRI
%10
.
.81
(1
(2
(3
(4
.82 30
20
(
.83
)( Gmm
.84 riding quality
.1
.2
.3
.4
21
ENG.BADRI
.5
.6
-87
32 10
60 15 60
5
33 %60 40
%90 26
35
-88
.
.
-89 )
(
-:
-1 .
-2
-3
-4 .
)-1 -2 -3
-4 -5 -6
-7 -8
-9 (
22
ENG.BADRI
-90
.
.
-91
) (High strength
)Low cement
( content
)
( Durability
.
(92
)Retaining wall
( .
(93
.
) ( differential settlement .
) ( loose soil
.
94 )( .A.B.C
:
Grading I
Grading II
Grading III
Max. siz 2
1 1/2
1
23
ENG.BADRI
65 %
80 %
100 %
C.B.R
96 ) ( A3
) ( Embankment
) ( Relative density
)Sub
( grade
) ( Plating
) -2
( 4
) ( Relative density
) ( %74 .
)( Sub grade
.
-97
) ( .B.W.C
3/4
-98 ( MC-1) 1 ) 2
( RC-2
1 ) ( 1.75 0.50 / 2
2 ) ( 0.30 0.10 /
-99 ) ( Sand equivalent
) ( Clay
) ( % 45
) - 25
24
ENG.BADRI
% ( 45
) . ( % 5
-100 ) ( ) ( Core
-:
-1 ) ( Strength
28 .
-2 .
-3
-101 .
)
( bridging layer
)60 (
(1
60
(2
)
(geotextile
(3
20 60
102
.
)( A1-a OR A-1-b OR A2-4
-103
25
ENG.BADRI
:
1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-9 .
-10 .
-11
.
-104 ) ( RC-2
2
) ( 0.30 0.10 / . 2
24
.
-105 C.P.M Bar chart
C.P.M
.
.
Bar chart :
) (
) (
.
C.P.M
.
26
ENG.BADRI
-106 .
A3 A3
) ( Sub grade
). ( MC&RC
96 22
-107 Requests
Requests .
Requests
.
-108
.R.E
:
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-109 Curing
:
-
*
)
32-10 ( 15
*
27
ENG.BADRI
50
) ( chemical
) ( 1.5-1 5
3 2
) (
.
-110 Max. size aggregate
B.W.C & B.B.C
:
B.B.C
B.W.C
1 1/2
3/4
Max. size
-111
B.W.C & B.B.C
B.B.C
B.W.C
% Air Voids
)( 5 - 7
)(4-6
-112 VMA %
B.W.C & B.B.C
B.W.C
B.B.C
15
13
% VMA
ENG.BADRI
-1
.
-2 = 2/3
-3 30
%25 .
-4 . ( U.C > 5 ) 5
-5 ( ) Settlment
%1 .
(
-115
.
.
-116 Pile
.
Pile
) ( pile
-117
.
-118
29
ENG.BADRI
.
-119
) ( .R.E
) ( .R.E
.
.
.
-120 .
.
-121
-122
.
-123
.
124 7
% 75 7
.
-125
.... .
-126
30
ENG.BADRI
:
Quality control F.D.T
. Compaction test
.
-127 ...
.
128
...
.
.
-129
.
130
-:
-1 ) A-1-a A-1-b A-
(2-4
C.B.R -2 25
Liquid limit
40 -3
Plasticity index 10 -4
131
31
ENG.BADRI
.
132
-:
-1 )Grading
I Grading II ( Grading III
C.B.R -2 ) 100 80 65
(
Sand equivalent %45 -3
Abrasion loss % 45 -4
Liquid limit
25 -5
Plasticity index 6 -6
Max. size -7 ) 2 1/2 1 1
(
Sodium sulphate soundness % 12 -8
8 %90
%8
5 )
10000 (2 8 3
2 1-/+
%5
133 .
% 25
clay . % 5
25
.
32
ENG.BADRI
134
......
.
135
.
136 ) ( ACI
) ( specific gravity
.
137
(5
/139
(1
(2 )( rate of compaction
(3 )( granular size
/140
20 50/ /)( 20to50 psi/second
/141
(1 5 33
33
ENG.BADRI
(2 10
(3 )(slump
(4
(5
.
/142
)25 75(15-/+ 1/2
30
) 25 100( 25 -/+
30
/143
(1
(2
(3
(4
33
(5
(6
(7
(8
/144
(1 )( plasticizer
(2
(3
(4
(5
(6 ) ( super plasticizer
(7
/145
34
ENG.BADRI
/146 ) ( plasticizer) ( super plasticizer
Plasticizer
35
ENG.BADRI
(1
(2
(3 )( overlay
(4
)( Reflection of cracks
-: dense graded
/149 ) ( M.F
0.6) 30(
) p.i( 4
-: ) ( stability )
(dense
/150 )( w/c
(1 compressive strength
(2
(3 shrinkage cracks
(4
(5 )
( successive layer
(6
(7
(8
Increase water tightness (9
/151 SPT
Bearing capacity
/152 VMA
Minimum voids in mineral aggregate
BWC=15
&
BBC=13
VMA=VV+Vb
/153 )quality assurance &quality
( control
36
ENG.BADRI
Assurance
Control
/154 ) (Retarder
)-1
(4
-:
(1
(2
(3
-:
strength
/155 acceleration
-:
/156
ACI
(1 35/ 2
(2
%20 .
37
ENG.BADRI
38