****this should be used together with Steel Pipeline Crossing Railroad and Highways Seventh Edition, Dec 2007

published by API
Pipe and operational characteristics
Outside diameter
Operating Pressure
Steel Grade
Specific Minimum Yield Strength
Design Factor
Longitudinal Joint Factor
Installationn Temperature
Maximum or minimum operating Temperature
Temperature derating Factor
Wall Thickness
Installation and Site Characteristics
Depth
Bored Diameter
Soil Type
Modulos of Soil Reaction
Resilient Modulos
Unit Weight
type of longitudinal wield
Distance og Girth Weld from Track Centerline
number of tracks 1 or 2
Rail Loading
Other Steel Properties
Youngs Modulus
Poissons Ratio
Coeffiecient of thermal expansion
****this should be used together with Steel Pipeline Crossing Railroad and Highways Seventh Edition, Dec 2007 published by API
values units
D 12.75 in
p 1000 psi
X42
SMYS 42000 psi
F 0.72
E 1
T 0
T 0
T 0
tw 0.281 in
H 6 ft
Bd 14.8 in
loose sand
E' 0.5 ksi
Er 10 ksi
120 lb/ft
3
0.06944444
erw
L
G
0 ft
N
t
2 tracks
e-80
Es 30000 ksi
v
s
0.3
T 0.0000065 /F
lb/in
3
Step 1
Check allowable Barlow Stress
pD/2t
w
F*E*T*SMYS
pD/2t
w
= 22686.83274
FETSmys 30240 ok
Step 2 Circumferential Stress Due to Earth Load
using tables to obtain
K
He
3024
figure 3 use
t
w
/D= 0.02
E= 0.5
B
c
1.09
figure 4 use
H/B
d =
4.9
soil type loose sand
E
e
1.11
figure 5 use
B
d
/D= 1.16
S
he
=K
He
B
e
E
e
D= 3239.50725 psi
Step 3 Impact Factor, F
i
, and Applied Design Surface Pressure,
w
F
i
1.72
Use Figure 7 for railroads
H= 6
refer to section 4.7.2.2.1
w=P/A
p
13.9 psi
railroad loading e-80
Sttep 4 Cyclic Stress
Cyclic Circumferential Stress
S
Hr
= K
Hr
G
Hr
N
H
F
i
w 8634.364637 psi
K
Hr
332
figure 8 use
t
w
/D 0.02
E
r
10
G
Hr
0.98
figure 9 use
D 12.75
H 6
section 4.7.2.2.3 and figure 10
N
t
2
N
H
1.11
Cyclic Longitudinal Stress
S
LR
= K
LR
G
LR
N
L
F
i
w 7427.25928
K
LR
317
Figure 11 use
t
w
/D 0.02
E
r
10
G
LR
0.98
figure 12 use
D 12.75
H 6
from Section 4.7.2.2.3 and fig. 13
N
t
2
N
L
1
Step 5
Circumferential Stress Due to Internal Pressurization, S
Hi
S
Hi
=p(D-t
w
)/2t
w
21686.83274
Step 6
Principal Stresses, S
1
,S
2
,S
3
T 0
T 0
Es 30000
v
s
0.3
T 0.0000065
S
1
=S
He
+S
H
+S
Hi
32353.59927
S
2
=S
LH
-E
s

T
(T2-T1)+v
s
(S
He
+S
Hi
) 14905.16128
S
3
=-p -1000
S
eff
=[0,5((S
1
-S
2
)2+(S
2
-S
3
)2+(S
3
-S
1
)
2
]
0,5
28895.36925
Allowable Effective Stress = F x SMYS 30240
Step 7
Check Fatigue
Girth Welds
From table 3 use
SLr/N
L
or R
F
SL
r
/N
L
= 7427.25928
S
FG
= 12000
R
F
1
S
FG
x F= 12000
Longitudinal Welds
From Table 3
SH
r
/N
h
7778.70688
S
FL
= 21000
F= 0.72
SFL x F= 15120
Depth of burial, H <4ft <12m D 12in 305mm
PAVEMENT TYPE CRITICAL AXLE CONFIGURATION
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT TANDEM AXLE
NO PAVEMENT SINGLE AXLE
RIGID PAVEMENT TANDEM AXLE
Depth of burial, H <4ft <12m D 12in 305mm
PAVEMENT TYPE CRITICAL AXLE CONFIGURATION
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT TANDEM AXLE
NO PAVEMENT TANDEM AXLE
RIGID PAVEMENT TANDEM AXLE
steel grade smys min. Ult. Tensile strength S
FG
seamless/erw saw
A25 25000 45000 12000 21000 12000
A25 30000 48000 12000 21000 12000
B 35000 60000 12000 21000 12000
X42 42000 60000 12000 21000 12000
X46 46000 63000 12000 21000 12000
X52 52000 66000 12000 21000 12000
X56 56000 71000 12000 23000 12000
X60 60000 75000 12000 23000 12000
X65 65000 77000 12000 23000 12000
X70 70000 82000 12000 25000 12000
X80 80000 90000 12000 27000 12000
type of weld
erw
seamless
saw
CRITICAL AXLE CONFIGURATIONS FOR DESIGN WHELL LOADS OF PS=12Kips (53.4kN) and Pt= 10 Kips(44.5kN)
S
FL
AND H4FT FOR ALL DIAMETERS
CRITICAL AXLE CONFIGURATIONS FOR DESIGN WHELL LOADS OF PS=12Kips (53.4kN) and Pt= 10 Kips(44.5kN)
Pipe and operational characteristics values units
Outside diameter D 12.75 in
Operating Pressure p 1000 psi
Steel Grade X42
Specific Minimum Yield Strength SMYS 42000 psi
Design Factor F 0.72
Longitudinal Joint Factor E 1
Installationn Temperature T 0
Maximum or minimum operating Temperature T 0
Temperature derating Factor T 0
Wall Thickness tw 0.281 in
Installation and Site Characteristics
Depth H 6 ft
Bored Diameter Bd 14.8 in
Soil Type loose sand
Modulos of Soil Reaction E' 0.5 ksi
Resilient Modulos Er 10 ksi
Unit Weight 120 lb/ft
3
0.06944444
type of longitudinal wield erw
Design Wheel Load from single axle Ps 0 kips
Design Wheel Load from tandem axle Pt 2 kips
Pavement Type e-80
Other Steel Properties
Youngs Modulus Es 30000 ksi
Poissons Ratio v
s
0.3
Coeffiecient of thermal expansion T 0.0000065 /F
Allowable Barlow Stress
Shi FxExTxSMYS or FxExSMYS
S
Hi
= 22686.8327 psi ok
FxExSMYS= 30240 psi
Allowable Effective Stress
Seff SMYS x F
Seff= 28895.3692 psi ok
SMYS x F = 30240 psi
Fatigue
Girth Welds
SLH SFG x F
alternate units
SLH= 7427.25928 psi ok
SFG x F= 12000 psi
Longitudinal Welds
SHh SFL x F
SHh= 7778.70688 psi ok
SFL x F = 15120 psi
lb/in
3
alternate units