History of Educational Technology

Education During the Ancient Times

Man started to use pointed sticks to in script signs and symbol on the leaves of
trees and knives for the bark of trees.
At about 3!! ".#. the Egyptians devised a system for picture $riting called
hieroglyphics.
%ise of the class kno$n as scribes, a group of men trained in the art of $riting.
&n ancient 'reece( the )partan education Emphasi*ed the Development of
+hysical body coupled $ith discipline.
, The boys under$ent e-ercises and activities that promoted bodily strength(
endurance and vitality. They $ere taught by the paidonomus( a military commander
in the public barracks.
, The girls on the other hand stayed by their mothers $ho taught them the
rudiments of housekeeping and motherhood
&n Athens( the right of the individual to develop to the fullest is recogni*ed.
Music schools $ith the kitharist
'rammar schools $ith the grammatist and
'ymnastics $ith the paedotribe
.ith the help of the )ophist( cognitive rules( systematically arranged sub/ect matter
instructional technologies and effective instructional materials $ere designed and
implemented.
Education During the Medieval Era
The establishment of the Medieval 0niversity
Emperor Frederick I of "ologna in 12 chartered the first 0niversity degrees
The Saracens or the Arabs among the Moors of )pain aimed to search for
kno$ledge and the application of scientific facts to their daily lives
, They originated the scientific method of teaching.
Education During the Renaissance Period
John Amos Comenius developed the first picture book kno$n as the Orbis
Pictus 3the .orld in +ictures4
, He $as considered as the pioneer in instructional technology development
Maria Montessori used multi5sensory materials to teaching
Education During the Age of 6aturalism
Jean Jacques Rousseau authored the book Emile
, Aims to the preservation of natural goodness of the individual and the formation
of the society based upon the recognition of individual natural rights
Herbartian method of teaching
, +reparation
, +resentation
, #omparison and abstraction
, 'enerali*ation and
, Application
Froebel, the Father of Kindergarten( emphasi*ed the use of actual ob/ects( $hich could
be manipulated by the learners.
Pestallozi believed that teaching is more effective if it proceeds from concrete to
abstract
Educational Movement in the 7
th
#entury
8ohn De$ey formulated the scientific theory of learning
Ed$ard 9ee Thorndike advanced the three primary la$s of learning
+roduction of books( use of blackboard( pen and inks
+hotography
:isual media $idely accepted( 7;!
Audio5visual materials
Educational films(7;<
=irst T: instructional program(73;
< mm sound motion picture $as developed
Education in #ontemporary Times
%evision and enrichment of curriculum to include courses in computer applications
#omputer Aided &nstructions
&nternet and E5mail
#omputeri*ation of the different aspects of administration and supervision
Ancient
Times
Medieval
Era
%enaissance
Age of
6aturalism
7
th
#entury
#ontempo
rary
Times