Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009

Hollow Section Joints loaded by bending

Prof.dr.ir. Jaap Wardenier
Em. Delft University of Technology
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Moment Joints
Bending in plane
Bending out of plane (e.g. in multiplanar)
Types: CC, RR, RC, IC, IR, RI
In frames (IC, IR) and Vierendeel girders (CC, RR)
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Symbols used
b
h
t
0
1

d
t
0
1

b
h
t
d
t
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Joint parameters
0
1
b
b
=
0
0
t 2
b
=
0
1
t
t
=
0
1
b
h
=
with CHS: (b or h)d
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Bending in plane
Bending out of plane (be careful!)
A similar approach is followed as for axial loading
Moment Joints
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009


Vierendeel Joints
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Vierendeel Joints Failure Modes
For high stiffness: use 1.0 and 2low
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Yield line model chord side wall buckling
Vierendeel Joints Analytical Models
f
k
= f
y0
for in-plane bending T Joints
f
k
= 0.8f
y0
for X Joints
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
RHS to RHS
Moment Joints
Be Careful for Distortion
Some changes in IIW (2008)
f(n) or k
n
f
k
Validity range
EC 3
k
n
k
n
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
RHS and CHS Knee Joints
d
c
d
b
t
b
t
c
d
c
d
b
t
b
t
c
d
c
d
b
t
b
t
c
a) Unstiffened a) Stiffened c) 1 not recommended =

M
M
N
N
*
i pl,
i
*
i pl,
i
+
V
i
/V*
pl,i
0.5 and N
i
/N*
pl,i
0.2
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
RHS Beam to I-section
column
(also column shear failure possible)
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
I-Beam to CHS or RHS column Joints
(Strength related to flange capacity)
M
ip
= N
1
(h
1
- t
1
)
N N
1 1
N N
1 1
M M
1 1
h h
1 1
- - t t
1 1
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
I Beam to RHS column
Beam flange failure (eff. width)
Weld failure
Lamellar tearing
Column face plastification
Column punching shear
Column wall plastification
Column local buckling
Column shear failure
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Analytical models
Beam flange effective width
Column face plastification -yield line model
Column punching shear model
column wall bearing model
Shear failure of the column
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Beam effective width model
N
1
= b
e
t
1
f
y1
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Column face plastification (yield line model)
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Chord plastification model
N N
1 1
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
I-Beam to RHS columns
Column load effect Q
f
n n
Uniplanar Connection
2 = 15.8
2 = 25.0
2 = 37.5
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
f
(
n
)

0,p
/
0,pl
-0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.4 0.8
= 0.5
0.2
0.0
n n
Compression:
Q
f
= (1-n)
0.03
Tension:
Q
f
= (1-n)
0.1
-1.
f
(
n
)
0
0.2
0.4
-1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0.0
n
f
(
n
)
=0.93
2=25
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Column punching shear model for M
ip
M
ip
= N
1
(h
1
-t
1
)
One flange:
N
1
= 2(0.58f
y0
) t
0
(b
ep
+t
1
)
b
ep
=
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Column wall bearing model
Plastification (yielding) or local buckling
M
ip
= N
1
(h
1
- t
1
)
N
1
= 2 f
y0
t
0
(t
1
+5t
0
)
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Column shear model
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
I-Beam to RHS column Joints
Interaction between N, M
ip
and M
op
Linear interaction is proposed
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Stiffened I-Beam to CHS or RHS
column Joints
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
CIDECT Design
Guide 9, Table 8.3
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Beam Column connections investigated after the Kobe Earthquake
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Stiffened beam to column joints
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Stiffened beam to column joints
Shanmugan et al.
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Semi-Rigid Beam to Column Joints
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Moment distribution
for various
end conditions
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Stiffness of I-Beam to RHS Column Joints
related to Plate to RHS Connections
M =
M =
N(h
N(h
b b
-
-
t
t
b,f b,f) )
=
=
C
C
ip ip
.
.

=
=
C
C
ip ip
.
.

=
=
C
C
ip ip
or
or
C C
ip ip
= =
) t h ( K
N 2
f , b b

2
) t h ( K
2
f , b b

f , b b
t h
2

K from literature
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Semi-Rigid Beam to Column Joints
In general:
not yet sufficient information about stiffness
for a simple semi-rigid analysis
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
Semi-Rigid Beam to Column Joints
Effect of concrete filling of the column:
- failure mode
- stiffness
- deformation capacity
Wardenier RHS Joints -Oslo Course 2009
The end of the lectures on
Moment Joints
bamboo Stiffened Joint