UNIT 4

Simon and Lizzie .always go to town in

the morning.
ry
lrregular adiectives
lndefinite adverbs
(Adverbs of frequency)
Plural of nouns
Mr Bates usually
morn ing.
56
takes a bus in the
The ladies
cup of tea
sometimes meet to have a
and a chat.
Mrs Bates often
goes
to town, too.
Ball, the dog, never leaves the garden of the
does little work, he barks at strangers. He
hours. Few dogs are so lucky.
cottage, he is very'happy
I
there. He
eats good food and sleeps for many
Questions
l. Where do the Bates live?
2. Do they love the country?
3. Where do they often go?
4. Where do Simon and Lizzie always go?
5. What does Mrs Bates often go to town
for?
Uocabulary
6. V/hat does Mr Bates usually take to go
to town?
7. V/hat do the ladies often meet for?
8. Why does Ball never leave the garden?
9. Does he do much work?
10. Who does he bark at?
cottage
['kctig]
country
['knntri]
office
['cfis]
family
['fmili]
area
['earia]
stranger
['strein$a*]
hour
['aua*]
cake
[keik]
dress
[dres]
casetta, villino
campagna
uff icio
famiglia
area
sconosciuto
ora
pasticc ino
abito (femminile)
to live
[iv]
to leave
[i:v]
to love
[nv]
to bark
[ba:k]
to sleep
[sli:p]
seldom
['seldam]
generally
['genarali]
really
['rieli]
vivere, abitare
lasciare
amare
abbaiare
dormire
raramente
generalmente
davvero
USEFqL N@TtrS
I like you
Do you like my dog?
TO MIND
TO LIKE
La persona
a cui qualcosa
o qualcuno piace diviene soggetto in inglesel ll sogget-
to della frase italiana complemento oggetto.
To like
[aik]
risolve anche I'espressione italiana essere simpatico (-a).
Mi piaci (Mi sei simpatico)
Ti piace
il mio cane?
To mind
like.
Pu essere seguito dalla
forma
in ing (che
corrisponde all'infinito itatiano) o da
unafrase ipotetica
Gf
...) quando
in italiano segue unay'ase
finita.
[maind]
(spiacere,
disturbare, importare) ha la stessa costruzione di to
Ti
Ti
Do
Do
you mind opening the window?
you mind if I shut the window?
spiace aprire la finestra?
spiace se chiudo la finestra?
1. To be happy corrisponde anche a trovarsi
"bene.
58
COWATION
Mrs Bates
Mrs Brown
Mrs Bstes
Mrs Fox
Mrs Bates
Mrs Brown
Mrs Fox
Mrs Brown
Mrs Fox
Mrs Bates
locabulary
1. a
[mc*]
This tea is delicious, dear. And these cakes, too.
Thank you,
dear. You are very elegant today, dear. Is that dress new?
Yes, it is a present from my husband.
You have a very kind husband, Mrs Bates. Few husbands are so kind.
Oh, he is a dear.
I
He always remembers my birthday.
Another cake, dear?
These cakes are really delicious. Is there a little more tea?
2
Here it is. Sugar?
Yes, please.
3
And how are Simon and Lizzie?
They are very well, thank you. They are in town now. Another cake?
present
['preznt]
husband
['hnsband]
birthday
['bc:0dei]
sugar
['"fuga*]
to remember
[ri'membe]
elegant
f'eligent]
new
[nju:]
delicious
[di'liJes]
a little more tea
ln caso di rifiuto si usa No,
ricordare
elegante
NUOVO
delizioso
un po' di t
-
More
thank you.
regalo
marito
compleanno
zucchero
dear
=
pi.
un tesoro (tanto
caro). Uso colloquiale. 2.
3. Yes, p/ease usato quando si accetta,
59
SRTURDRY RFTRNOON
Mrs Bates always likes Saturday. She usually
goes to dr-ama classes
1
in the after-
noon. Mr BateJ prefers to watch football on television.
2
He sometimes plays it in
the park.
The drama class
3
always meets at the village hall.
a
Mrs Bates never misses a
lesson. First she
peels the
potatoes for dinner, then she
goes
upstairs and changes.
Then she takes the bus to the village where she meets the other ladies and
gentlemen of the village drama club.
5
The teacher
generally plays records and shows the class how to do their exercises.
Then he demonstrates movement.
"Imagine
6
that
you are a tree", he says, and everybody stands with their arms
out.
7
"Imagine
that
you are a beach", he says, and they all l-e on the floor.
The teacher is always very serious and he seldom makes
jokes.
8
He often says to
his students: "Ladies and
gentlemen, you are an oasis of culture in a desert of
ignorance".
Questions
l. What does Mrs Bates always like?
2. V/here does she usually go?
3. V/hat does Mr Bates prefer to do?
4. What does the teacher generally play?
5. Where does the drama class always
meet?
6. What does the teacher show the class?
7 . What does the teacher often say:
'i
serious
['siarias]
serio
their
[ea*]
loro Vocabulary
park
[pa:k]
village
['vilig]
lesson
['lesn]
potato
[pa'teiteu]
gentleman (pl.
gentlemen)
teacher
['ti:e*]
exercise
['eksesaiz]
movement
['mu:vment]
tree
[tri:]
arm
[a:m]
student
['stju:dant]
oasis
[au'eisis]
culture
['krrlca*]
desert
['dezat]
ignorance
['ignarans]
parco
paese
lezione
patata
signore
insegnante
ese rcizio
movimento
albero
braccio
studente
oasi
cultura
deserto
lgno ranza
to watch
[ucc]
to miss
[mis]
to peel
[pi:U
to change
[ceing]
to show
Ueul
to demonstrate
. ['demenstreit]
to imagine
[i'mgin]
to make
lmeik]
first
[fe:st]
upsta irs
'
['nplsteez]
out
[aut]
guardare
perdere
pelare
cambiarsi (-re)
most rare
dimost rare
immaginare
fare, prepa rare
per prima cosa
di sopra
uori
1. drama classes
=
lezioni di drammaturgia. 2. on television
=
alla televisione. 3. C/ass significa qui
sco/aresca, allievi. 4. Hal/ significa
qui sa/a (o sa/one) adibita a centro sociale. 5. the village drama club
=
il circolo teatrale del paese. 6. lmagine
[i'mn]
imperativo (immaginate). 7. out
=
in fuori. B. to
make
jokes
=
scherzare, dire amenit.
-
Joke
[!auk] -
scherzo, barzelletta.
60
THE USUAL STORY
Mrs Bates
Simon
Mrs Bates
Simon
Mrs Bates
Simon
Mrs Bates
Simon
Mrs Bstes
Simon
Mrs Bstes
Simon, what are these football socks
t
doing in the laundry basket?
2
They
are filthy.
Exactly. I always put dirty socks there to be washed.
3
I always tell you to get the mud off
4
first.
I never have time. We always have a maths class
s
immediately after games.
6
That's not an excuse. You can clean them
7
when your
classes are over.
There is seldom time. The school bus never waits for us if we are late.
Excuses, excuses. I sometimes think that I am
just
a s).dve in this house.
Oh, no. We always appreciate all the little things that
you do for the family.
I've got many, many things to do,
peeling potatoes, washing clothes, ironing
shirts, cleaning windows, cooking. At the end of the day I am usually
exhausted.
But you like your drama classes.
Yes, they are one of the few pleasures of life.
Uocabulary
story
['stc:ri]
sock
[sck]
laundry
['lc:ndri]
mud
[mndJ
excuse
[iks'kju:s]
slave
[sleiv]
clothes
[kleuz]
shirt
ffa:tl
window
['uindau]
end
[endl
pleasure
['plege*]
life
[aifl
lilthy
['filei]
over
['euve*]
usual
['ju:5uel]
storia
calzettone
lavanderia
fango
SCUSA
schiavo (-a)
abiti
camicia
f inestra
f ine
piacere
vita
sudicio
f in ito
solito
exhausted
[ig'zc:stid]
to put
[put]
to tell
[rell]
to get off
[cfl
to be late
[eit]
to appreciate
[e'pri:Jieit]
to iron
['aien]
to cook
[kuk]
exactly
fig'zktlil
immediately
[i'mi:djetli]
after
['a:
fte*]
just
[gnst]
esausto
mettere
dire
togliere (via)
essere in ritardo
apprezzare
stirare
cucinare
esattamente
immediatamente
dopo
solo,
semplicemente
FROM THE CONVERSATION TO THE PASSAGE
Simon's football socks are in the laundry basket. Filthy. Mrs Bates always tells Simon to
get the mud off first. But Simon says that he never has time to do that because the school
bus never waits when his classes are over.
Mrs Bates says this is an excuse and that she sometimes thinks she is
just
a slave. She has
many, many things to do for the family. And at the end of the day she is usually ex-
hausted. Her drama classes are one of the few pleasures of life.
1. lootball socks
=
calzettoni da calcio. 2. laundry basket
=
cesto della biancheria (da lavar).3. to be
washed
=
da lavare (per essere lavati). t/VasF,ed participio passato
di to wash. 4. to get the mud ofl
.=
togliere via il fango. 5. maths class
=
lezione di matematica. Maths forma colloquiale pet mathemtics
lmoi'mtiks].
6. Garnes
[geimz]
(giochi, partite) sono le ore dedicate nelle scuole inglesi a sport com-
petitivi. 7. You can clean them
=
Puoi pulirli. Can (potere) verbo difettivo. E seguito dalla
yoce
verbale
londamentale (clean). Them pronome personale complemento (loro, li).
61
ORL DRILLS
Put this or these in the blank spaces; Put always or never in the blank spaces.'
E
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
parrot is very funny.
cats are very fat.
dog is very small.
boy is very efficient.
girls are very romantic.
bacon is very nice.
eggs are very big.
tea is delicious.
socks are filthy.
clothes are very elegant.
Put that or those in the blank spaces;
a
1.
2. are my friends.
3. is my cottage
4. are my pets.
5. is my bus.
6. Who is boy?
7. Who are girls?
8. I play tennis with .....boy.
9. We go out with girls.
10. I love people.
Put littie or few in the blank spaces.'
E
1. I've got time for tennis.
2. people
t
play tennis like John.
3. We usually drink wine.
4. Ball does work.
5. dogs are so. lucky.
6. girls are so nice.
7. I eat very sugar.
8. I've got very money, alas!
2
9. She knows English.
10. He knows very words of ltalian.
drink wine.
eat bacon and eggs.
go to school.
take a bus.
arrive late at school.
go to bed late.
sleep well.
study very hard.
play,tennis.
play the guitar.
tr
1.
2.
3.
4.
a
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Put suitable adverbs of
blank spacesi
frequency in the
Do you take a bus to go to school?
I ..... take a bus to go to school.
Do you study hard?
I ..... study hard.
Do you drink tea in the morning?
I ..... drink tea in the morning.
Do you have a big breakfast in the
morning?
I ..... have a big breakfast in the
morning.
5. Do you play tennis?
I ..... play tennis.
Mrs Bates likes Saturday. She goes
to drama classes in the afternoon. The
drama class meets at the village hall.
M rs Bates misses a lesson.
The teacher ..... plays records and shows the
class how to do their exercises. He is
very serious and he
tells his drama students that they are an
oasis of culture in a desert'of ignorance.
to know
[nau]
conoscere
to go out
[aut]
uscire
Vocabulary
B:lt',f,"1 ;:1il'"
1.People(gente,persone)nomeplurale.2.alas![e,ls]
62
GRRft'Ift'IRR
TGGETTIVI IRREGOLARI
tlis
[is]
ese
[i:z]
rt
[tl
ose
[auz]
questo, questa
questi, queste
quello, quella
quei, quegli, quelle
much
[ml]
molto, molta
many
['meni]
molti, molte
little
['litl]
poco, poca
few
[fju:]
pochi, poche
G aggettivi sopra elencati sono
gli unici della lingua inglese ad avere una forma plurale.
Ir book
questo libro that book
quel libro
r'sc
books
questi
libri those books
quei libri
d tea molto t
little tea
Poco
t
ny cakes molti pasticcini few cakes
pochi pasticcini
NERYAZIONI
f- Gn aggettivi elencati sopra
possono essere usati anche come
pronomi, vale a dire in
Enza del nome.
IEs is my cottage
Questa
la mia casetta
Tbcre isn't much to eat Non c' molto da mangiare
I drink very little Bevo molto
Poco
L Thet, oltre che aggettivo e pronome dimostrativo,
pu essere usato come congiunzione
(ce), ed in tale caso
pu
essere omesso, e come
pronome relativo-
I know
(that) he is here So che
qui
Those are the
girls that we like
Quelle
sono le ragazze che ci
piacciono
3. Nelley'csi affermative much viene solitamente sostituito da a lot
(of)
o
plenty (of).
We drink a lot of tea Beviamo molto t
He's
got plenty of money Ha molto danaro
PLURALE DEI NOMI
bus
[bns]
class
[kla:s]
flash
[flJ]
beach
[bi:c]
bazz
[bnz]
potato
[pa'teitauJ
boy
[bci]
lady
['leidi]
autobus
classe
bagliore
spiaggia
ronzio
patata
ragazzo
signora
buses
classes
flashes
beaches
buzzes
potatoes
boys
ladies
autobus
classi
bagliori
spiagge
ronzii
patate
ragazzi
signore
I
i

t
63
1. Come si
gi visto, il plurale dei nomi si ottiene mediante I'aggiunta di s. Se
per il
nome termina in s, sh, ch, z ed o, il plurale si ottiene mediante I'aggiunta di es.
2. I nomi terminanti in
y aggiungono una semplice s per formare il plurale se la y
preceduta da vocsle. Trasformano la y in i ed aggiungono es, se la
/

preceduta da
consonante.
3. Alcuni nomi hanno plurali irregolari. Eccone alcuni esempi:
singolare Plurale
m&n
I
uomo men
woman donna women
child bambino (-a) children
tooth dente teeth
foot
piede feet
4. Alcuni nomi di origine straniera (o abbreviatl) terminanti in -o formano il plurale ag-
giungendo solo s.
piano piano(forte) pianos
studio studio (d'arte, ecc.) studios
grotto grotta grottos
AWERBI INDEFINITI O DI FREQUENZA
Gli avverbi always, usually, generally, often, sometimes, seldom e never sono
posti fra
soggetto e verbo nel caso del simple
present. Seguono invece to be e gli altri ausiliari
(do,
does, ecc.).
I always work
Bob never studies
We usually
get up at seven
They seldom drink whisky
I'm always tired
Do you often
play tennis?
Do you sometimes go to a museum?
1. I composti di man e woman hanno anch'essi plurali irregolari. Esempi: gentleman
=
gentlemen
policeman
=
policemen
-
policewoman
=
policewomen.
64
Lavoro sempre
Bob non studia mai
Solitamente ci alziamo alle sette
Raramente bevono whisky
Sono sempre stanca
Giuocate spesso a tennis?
Andate qualche volta a un museo?
alwys
['c:lwaz]
often
['i:fnl
seldom
['seldam]
never
['neve*J
sometimes
['snmtaimzl
usually
['ju:guali]
generally
['generali]
sempre
spesso
raramente
non mai
qualche volta, talvolta
di solito, solitamente
generalmente
ORL ND UBITTN DRILS
Reptace much,
many and very much with
a lot (of):
Il
1. Uncle Cedric drinks very much.
2. There are many families in the area.
3. Lizzie has many friends.
4. She talks very much.
5. ls there much sugar?
i
6. Are there many cakes?
7. I like that
girl very much.
8. Ball sleeps for many hours.
9. I never drink much water.
10. He eats very much.
Fill in the blank spaces with little or few:
a
1. I play tennis these days.
2. boys
play like John.
3. We usually drink wine.
4- girls are so clever.
5. There is milk in the house.
6. Ball does work.
7. dogs are so happy.
8. There is wine here.
9. There are children in the
Park.
10. There is food to eat.
Fitl in the blank
verbs.
spaces with suitable
lnsert the adverbs of frequency:
g
1. t have a cuB of tea in the morning.
(always)
2. John
plays tennis with Susan (often)
3. We go to town (seldom)
4. They come to see me. (never)
5. I go to see my friends (often)
6. Susan comes here. (sometimes)
7. We eat bacon and eggs for breakfast.
(usually)
8. The boys play
tennis in the afternoon.
(generally)
9. I am here (always)
10. The girls are in town (often)
Use the
plurals
as suggested;
E
1. There is an orange here.
There are two oranges here.
2. There is a cottage in the park.
3. There is a boy in the kitchen.
4, There is a lady in the sitting-room.
5. There is a potato
on the table.
6. There is a piano in the sitting-room.
7. There is a bus near the park.
8. There is a man in the garden.
9. There is a woman with John.
10. There is a child with Ltzzie.
Fill in the blank spaces with suitable
adverbs of frequency:
E
There are football socks in the laundry
basket. Simon puts his dirty socks there
to be washed. His mother tells him to get
the mud off first, but Simon says that he
has time. He has a maths class
immediately after games,
and he cannot
clean his socks when his classes are over.
The school bus waits.
Simon's mother says this is an excuse. She
thinks she is
just
a slave in that house. At
the end of the day she is exhausted.
E
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
seldom to town.
never tea.
sometimes letters.
always English books.
We usually coffee in the morning.
We never tennis.
They generally the
piano in the
evenlng.
8. Mrs Brown often to town in the
morning.
9. Susan seldom the
guitar.
10. She sometimes tennis.
66
Translate into English:
tt
1. Questa la tua automobile?
2. No, quella la mia automobile.
3. Questo il tuo giardino?
4. Si, questo il mio giardino.
5. Quello il tuo villino?
6. Si, quello il mio villino.
7. Quelli sono i tuoi amici?
8. Si, quelli
sono i miei amici.
9. Queste sono le tue amiche?
10. Si, queste sono le mie amiche.
E
1. C' molto traff ico ora.
2. Ci sono molte automobili.
3. C' molto lavoro?
4. Ci sono molte lettere da scrivere?
5. Molti libri sono per John.
6. Molte lettere sono per le ragazze.
7. C' poco lavoro per Tom.
8. Ci sono pochi ragazzi.
9. Ci sono molti bambini?
10. Ci sono molte signore e pochi bambini.
tr
1. Vado spesso in (fo) citt.
2. Anche John va spesso in (fo) citt.
3. lo non giuoco mai (a) tennis.
4. Susan
giuoca raramente (a) tennis.
5. Il signor Brown non beve mai t.
6. Qualche volta noi suoniamo il piano.
7. Non scriviamo mai lettere.
8. Leggiamo raramente libri inglesi.
9. Di solito le signore prendono (il) t alle
cinque.
I
v
10. Generalmente andiamo in (fo) citt nel
pomeriggio.
Itr
1. Non mangio mai patate.
2. Mangio spesso pomodori.
3. Qualche volta giuoco (a)
Uocabulary
4.
5.
6.
7.
La signora Bates sta ancora
conversando con quelle signore.
Andiamo solitamente in (fo) citt nel
pomeriggio.
Molte famiglie abitano qui.
Le ragazze non vengono mai qui al
mattino.
8. Di solito prendiamo t e pasticcini al
pomeriggio.
Itr
1. Non mangiamo mai
Patate.
2. Preferiamo mangiare
pomodori.
3. Susan
giuoca spesso
(a) tennis con le
sue amiche
4. Prende solitamente
(il) t alle cinque.
5. Fa spesso una chiacchierata con la
signora Fox.
6, Non bevo mai caff.
7, Va spesso in (to) citt nel pomeriggio.
8. Studia con le sue amiche, di solito.
9. Prende sempre l'autobus
per andare in
(fo) citt,
10. lncontra spesso molti amici
qui.
E
1. I Bates abitano in un bel villino nella
campagna.
2. Essi amano la campagna, rna vanno
spesso in (fo) citt.
3. La signora Bates va spesso in (fo) citt
a fare le compere.
4. ll signor Bates va sempre in (fo) citt al
mattino.
5. Di solito il signor Bates prende un
autobus
per andare in (to) citt.
6. Altre famiglie vivono in quell'area.
7. Le signore
qualche volta si incontrano
per fare una chiacchierata.
8. Ball, il cane, non va mai in (fo) citt.
9. Ball fa poco lavoro, e dorme per molte
ore.
10. Pochi cani sono cosi felici: un cane
molto fortunato.
park
[pa:k]
parco
traffic
['trfik]
traffico
tomato pomodoro
[ta'ma:tau]
/\
[,
tennis.
food
[fq:d]
cibo
orange
['cring]
arancia
sitting-room salotto
['sitigrum]
1. alle cinque
=
at five o'clock.
67