2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

ed. 1 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary

Rotordynamics with ANSYS
Mechanical Solutions
Pierre THIEFFRY
Product Manager
ANSYS, Inc.
2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Agenda
General feature

Generali!ed a"i#$$etric ele$ent

Rotord#na$ic %it& ANSYS 'or()enc&

An ANSYS V2.0 e!a"ple
#$t$re plans
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General features
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Rotordynamics features
Pre,-roceing.
Appropriate ele"ent %or"$lation %or all geo"etries
&yroscopic "o"ents generated 'y rotating parts
(earings
)otor i"'alance and other e!citation %orces *synchrono$s and
asynchrono$s+
)otational velocities
Str$ct$ral da"ping

Solution.
,o"ple! eigensolver %or "odal analysis
-ar"onic analysis
.ransient analysis

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Rotordynamics features
Pot,-roceing
,a"p'ell diagra"s
/r'it plots
0ode ani"ation
.ransient plots and ani"ations

0er1 guide

Ad2anced feature.
,o"ponent 0ode Synthesis %or static parts

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Appropriate element formulation
T&e follo%ing ele$ent are u--orted for rotord#na$ic
anal#i 4tationar# reference fra$e5.

Mass MASS21
Beam BEAM! "#"E1$
BEAM1%%! BEAM1%&
"#"E 2%%'2%&
Solid S()#*+! S()#*&+
S()#*1%+! S()#*1%$!
S()#*1%,
Shell S-E))$.
S-E))1%1! S-E))2%1
General
a/isymmetric
elements
S()#*2,2! S()#*2,.
New in
ANSYS
1201
New in
ANSYS
12.0
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Generali2ed a/isymmetric element
T&e ne% 262726* ele$ent.
Are co"p$tationally
e%%icient 1hen
co"pared to 23 solid
S$pport 23 non4
a!isy""etric loading
Allo1 a very %ast set$p o%
a!isy""etric 23 parts5
Slice an a!isy""etric 23
,A3 geo"etry to get
planar "odel
0esh 1ith 2627262
ele"ents
No need to calc$late
e8$ivalent 'ea"
sections
,an 'e co"'ined 1ith
%$ll 23 "odels,
incl$ding contact

2D axisymmetric mesh
3D representation
23 res$lts *not necessarily a!isy""etric+
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Bearings
29 -ring7da$-er %it& cro,cou-ling ter$.
)eal constants are sti%%ness and da"ping
coe%%icients and can vary 1ith spin
velocity

:earing ele$ent c&oice de-end on.

Shape *3, 23, 23+
,ross ter"s
Nonlinearities

Description Stiffness and Damping cross

terms
Nonlinear stiffness and
damping characteristics
COMBIN14 Uniaxial spring/damper No No COMBI214 2-D spring/damper Unsymmetric Function of the rotational
velocity
MATRI2! General stiffness or
damping matrix
Unsymmetric No
M"C1#4 Multipoint constraint
element
ymmetric for linear
characteristics - None for
nonlinear characteristics
Function of the displacement
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#m3alance and other e/citation
forces
Poi)le e"citation caued )#
rotation 2elocit# are.
9n'alance * +
,o$pling "isalign"ent *2:
+
(lade, vane, no;;le,
di%%$sers *s: +
Aerodyna"ic e!citations as
in centri%$gal
co"pressors *0.<: +

In-ut $ade a a force on t&e

$odel

y
F
!
F
2
"
2
#
F mr F = =
!
#
m
t
r
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Rotating damping
=onidered if t&e rotating
tructure &a.
str$ct$ral da"ping *0P,
3A0P or (=.A3+
or a locali;ed rotating
visco$s da"per
*'earing+

T&e da$-ing force can induce

unta)le 2i)ration.

T&e rotating da$-ing effect i

acti2ated along %it& t&e
=orioli effect 4=>RI>?IS
co$$and5.

*amper 4(MB#21
Beam BEAM! "#"E1$
BEAM1%%! BEAM1%&
Solid S()#*+! S()#*&+
S()#*1%+! S()#*1%$!
S()#*1%,
General
a/isymmetri
c
S()#*2,2! S()#*2,.
5new in 6 1201 7
Elements supporting rotating damping
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4amp3ell diagrams 8 whirl
@ariation of t&e rotor natural
freAuencie %it& re-ect
to rotor -eed

In $odal anal#i -erfor$

$ulti-le load te- at
different angular
2elocitie

A freAuencie -lit %it&

increaing -in 2elocit#,
ANSYS identifie.
%or1ard *#>+ and
'ac?1ard *(>+
1hirl
sta'le 7 $nsta'le
operation
critical speeds

Alo a2aila)le for $ulti-ool

$odel

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(r3it plots
In a -lane -er-endicular to t&e
-in a"i, t&e or)it of a node
i an elli-e

It i defined )# t&ree
c&aracteritic. e$i a"e
A , : and -&ae in a local
coordinate #te$ 4", #, !5
%&ere " i t&e rotation a"i

$ Angle i t&e initial -oition

of t&e node %it& re-ect to
t&e $aBor e$i,a"i A.

$ >r)it -lot are a2aila)le for

)ea$ $odel

PRINT ORBITS FROM NODAL SOLUTION

LOCAL y AXIS OF ORBITS IN GLOBAL COORDINATES
0.0000E+00 0.1000E+01 0.0000E+00

LOAD STEP= 1 SUBSTEP= 4
RFRQ= 0.0000 IFRQ= 2.5606 LOAD CASE= 0
ORBIT

NODE A B PSI PHI y!" #!"
1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
$ 0.$%2$2 0.$%2$2 0.0000 0.0000 0.$%2$2 0.$%2$2
4 0.&0&11 0.&0&11 0.0000 0.0000 0.&0&11 0.&0&11
5 0.'2$01 0.'2$01 0.0000 0.0000 0.'2$01 0.'2$01
2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 1* ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Rotordynamics analysis guide
Ne% at releae
12.<

Pro2ide a
detailed
decri-tion of
ca-a)ilitie

Pro2ide
guideline for
rotord#na$ic
$odel etu-
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Sample models a9aila3le
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Generali2ed a/isymmetric element
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New Element :echnology
$eneral A%i&s'mmetric (lement) 2!2*2!+

%D elements generated #ased on 2D mesh

&oundary conditions applied in %D space

Nonlinearities' Node to surface contact

Benefits

Multiple (xis can #e defined in any direction

)a*e advantage of axi-symmetry #ut deformation

is general in %D

+ element in , -hoop. direction

S
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
a
l

M
e
c
&
a
n
i
c

I
?
C
D
A
:
Y@
A@
B@
23 vie1 o%
sha%t
2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
Application to rotordynamics
T&e ne% 262726* ele$ent.
Are co"p$tationally
e%%icient 1hen
co"pared to 23 solid
S$pport rotordyna"ics
analysis
S$pport 23 non4
a!isy""etric loading
Allo1 a very %ast set$p o%
a!isy""etric 23 parts5
Slice an a!isy""etric 23
,A3 geo"etry to get
planar "odel
0esh 1ith 2627262
ele"ents
No need to calc$late
e8$ivalent 'ea"
sections
,an 'e co"'ined 1ith
%$ll 23 "odels,
incl$ding contact

2D axisymmetric mesh
3D representation
23 res$lts *not necessarily a!isy""etric+
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Rotordynamics with ANSYS
;or<3ench
An e/ample
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Story3oard
T&e geo$etr# i -ro2ided in for$ of a
Paraolid file
Part of t&e &aft $ut )e re-ara$etri!ed to
allo% for dia$eter 2ariation
A di( $ut )e added to t&e geo$etr#
Si$ulation %ill )e -erfor$ed uing t&e
generali!ed a"i#$$etric ele$ent, $i"ing
': feature and AP9? cri-ting
9eign anal#i %ill )e $ade %it& 2ariation
of )earing -ro-ertie and geo$etr#

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"ro=ect 9iew
0--er -art of t&e c&e$atic
define t&e i$ulation
-roce 4geo$etr# to
$e& to i$ulation5
?o%er -art of t&e c&e$atic
contain t&e deign
e"-loration tool
Para$eter of t&e $odel are
gat&ered in one location
4geo$etr#, )earing tiffne5
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Geometry setup
Geo$etr# i
i$-orted in
9eign Modeler
A -art of t&e &aft
i redeigned
%it& -ara$etric
di$enion
Model i liced to
)e ued %it&
a"i#$$etric
ele$ent
:earing location
are defined
A dic i added to
t&e geo$etr#

Initial 3D geometry
Final axisymmetric model
Bearings location
Additional disk
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Geometry details
Part of the original shaft is
removed and recreated with
parametric radius
3D Model sliced to create
axisymmetric model
Bearing locations and named selections are created named
selections will !e transferred as node components for the simulation"
Additional disk created with
parameters the outer diameter
will !e used for design analysis"
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Mesh
T&e $odel
i $e&ed
uing t&e
':
$e&ing
tool
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Simulation
Si$ulation i
-erfor$ed uing an
AP9? cri-t t&at
define.
=le"ent types
(earings
(o$ndary
conditions
Sol$tions
settings
*Crda"p
solverD+
Post4processing
*,a"p'ell
plots and
e!traction o%
critical
speeds+
Axisymmetric model
with !oundary
conditions
Expanded view
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A"*) script
#pring$ component
comes from named
selection
Mesh transferred as
mesh2%% elements&
converted to
solid2'2
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Simulation results
T&e AP9? cri-t
can create
-lot and
ani$ation
T&e reult can
alo )e
anal#!ed %it&in
t&e Mec&anical
AP9? interface
Reult are
e"tracted uing
Eget co$$and
and e"-oed
a ':
-ara$eter
4&o%ing t&e
-erfor$ance of
t&e deign5
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Mode animation 5e/panded 9iew7
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*esign e/ploration
T&e $odel &a 2 geo$etr#
-ara$eter 4dic and &aft
radiu5 a %ell a a tiffne
-ara$eter 4)earing
tiffne5

+ out-ut -ara$eter are

in2etigated. firt and econd
critical -eed at 2"RPM and
+"RPM 4o)tained fro$
t&e=a$-)ell diagra$ and
*get co$$and5
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Sample results
A re-one urface of
t&e $odel i created
uing a 9eign of
E"-eri$ent

=ur2e, urface and

eniti2it# -lot are
created and t&e
deign can )e
in2etigated

>-ti$i!ation tool are

alo a2aila)le
Sensitivity plots5
the 'earing
sti%%ness has no
in%l$ence on the
%irst and second
critical speeds, the
disc radi$s is the
?ey para"eter
=vol$tion o% critical
speed 1ith sha%t
and disc radi$s
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(ptimi2ation
A $ulti,
o)Becti2e
o-ti$i!ation
i decri)ed
and -oi)le
candidate
are found
4uuall#, t&ere
are $ulti-le
acce-ta)le
configuration
5

Trade,off -lot
gi2e an
indication
a)out t&e
ac&ie2a)le
-erfor$ance
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>uture plans 561. and 3eyond7
2008 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. *2 ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary
4amp3ell diagrams
0$ltiple steps *$odal+
Rotational 2elocit#
co-ed on
)odie4 4$ulti-ool
anal#i5 a2aila)le in
$odal anal#i
/$tp$t
C$antities5%re8$encies or
sta'ility val$es
B a!is is rotational
velocity
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Additional enhancements
Pro2ide $odal ol2er c&oice 4FR9AMP, ?AN:G5

T&e connection folder &oting )earing.

Eocation
3a"ping and sti%%ness *as %$nctions o% w+

=orioli o-tion a2aila)le fro$ t&e Anal#i etting

4li(e t&e large deflection or inertia relief5

>r)it -lot for )ea$ $odel

E"-oure of generali!ed a"i#$$etric ele$ent

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Modal post?processing 5already
a9aila3le at 6127
#or co"ple! "odes, ta'$lar data display 'oth
i"aginary and real parts
,o"ple! eigenshapes
0ode ani"ation si"ilar to
AN-A)0
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Results parameteri2ation
T&e uer %ill -ro)a)l# %ant to )e a)le to
-ara$eteri!e freAuencie 4real and7or
i$aginar# -art5 )ut alo t&e critical
freAuencie 4fro$ =a$-)ell reult5

9oing o, &e %ill )e a)le to -erfor$ 9H

anal#e .
to e!a"ine the variations o% critical
%re8$encies
.o e!a"ine the evol$tion o% the sta'ility o% a
"ode 1rt vario$s para"eters