Truck Loading Example Calcs

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-> OYK INCORPORATEDi
NO. 6A 04
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m
HIGHWAY BNIDGES
H 20.A1 8,000
H 15J4 6,000
32,000 LBS..
21,000 LBS.
LBS.
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ASSUMPTI ONS 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
DATE: 9/ 22/ 2000 ESCONDI DO, CALI FORNI A
LeslieLane.wpf Page 1
I. ASSUMPTIONS
Basic Tank Data:
Tank inside diameter = 107.0 ft
Water depth near wall = 30.00 ft (above floor)
Maximum water depth for overload = 31.00 ft (above floor)
Roof placed on top of wall
Distance from floor to top of wall = 31.00 ft
Center-to-center distance between interior roof supports = 21.00 feet
Superimposed roof load = 50.00 psf live load + 200.0 psf soil load
+ H2O truck loading
The corewall is of uniform thickness and poured in place.
Poured in place wall thickness = t
wall
= 10.00 in
Wall edge condition: neoprene pad supports
Prestressing Information:
Circumferential prestressing system: 0.3750" diameter galvanized strand.
Circumferential prestressing machine tolerance = 1.500%
Minimum ultimate strength of circumferential prestressing steel = 240.0 ksi
Prestressing stress loss = 25.00 ksi
Final shotcrete cover depth over prestressing = 1.500 in
Center-to-center distance between layers of prestressing = 0.7500 in
Minimum final circumferential compression for differential temperature and dryness:
Above grade = 200.0 psi
Below grade = 50.0 psi
Prestressing will taper from 200.0 psi to 50.00 psi over 6.000 ft beginning at the
minimum backfill elevation
Vertical prestressing system: Dywidag threadbars
Minimum final vertical compression in corewall = 200.0 psi
Minimum ultimate strength of vertical prestressing steel = 150.0 ksi
Vertical prestressing stress tolerance = 1.500%
Maximum spacing of vertical prestressing = 50.00 in
Soil Information:
Backfill height = h
backfill
= 33.54 ft max. to 31.00 ft. min. (above floor)
Static equivalent liquid backfill pressure = 1192. psf (trapezoidal distribution)
Seismic equivalent liquid backfill pressure = 36.00 psf (inverted triangular distribution)
Backfill soil density = 130.0 pcf
Soil bearing capacity = 6000 psf (Gross) for Columns
= 7000 psf (Gross) for Walls
ASSUMPTI ONS 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
Misc. Information:
Concrete strength: core-wall = 4000 psi
shotcrete = 4000 psi
columns = 4000 psi
roof slab = 4000 psi
footings = 3500 psi
floor slab = 3500 psi
sump = 3500 psi
Slopes: center of floor to wall = 1.500% (+ = down, - = up)
center of roof to wall = 1.500% (+ = down, - = up)
Thickness of floor slab = 6.000 in
Steel reinforcement required in floor slab for temperature and drying shrinkage = 0.5000%
Steel reinforcement required in wall footing for temperature and drying shrinkage = 0.5000%
Friction factor between floor and subgrade = 1.500
UBC 97 SEISMIC DESIGN
Effective seismic horizontal acceleration = C
v
x I
R
horiz
x T
Effective seismic vertical acceleration = C
v
x I x B
R
ver
x T
T=[(4 x ( W
S
+W
R
+W
I
) ) / gr k]
1/ 2
Wher e, W
S
= Wei ght of wal l AWWA D110-95, Eq 4-8
= 1610. k ( See Sei smi c Cabl e Desi gn)
W
R
= Wei ght of r oof
= 3662. k ( See Sei smi c Cabl e Desi gn)
W
I
= Wei ght of wat er
= 1. 686e+04 k ( See Sei smi c Cabl e Desi gn)
g = accel er at i on due t o gr avi t y
= 32. 20 f t / sec
2
r = r adi us of t ank at mi d- hei ght of wal l
= 53. 50 f t
k = spr i ng st i f f ness
Wher e, k = 144 [ A x E Cos
2
" + 2 x G x Wx L
p
] AWWA D110-95, Eq 4-9
L
c
x S
c
t x S
p
A = ar ea of st r and
= 0. 8900 i n
2
E = modul us of el ast i ci t y
= 26 x 10
6
psi
" = angl e of st r and
= 45
0
L
c
= l engt h of st r and
= 27. 13 i n
REFERENCES 2.0 MG LESLIE LANE RESERVOIR
REVISED: 11/02/2000 ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA
S
c
= spaci ng bet ween st ands
= 46. 19 i n
G = shear modul us
= 52. 00 psi
W= wi dt h of bear i ng pad
= 6. 000 i n
L
P
= l engt h of bear i ng pad
= 1. 000 i n
t = t hi ckness of bear i ng pad
= 1. 250 i n
S
P
= spaci ng of bear i ng pad
= 1. 000 i n
k= 144 [ 0. 08900 i n
2
x 26 x 10
6
psi x Cos
2
45
0
+ 2 x 52. 00 psi x 6. 000 i n x 1. 000 i n]
27. 13 i n x 46. 19 i n 1. 000 i n x 1. 000 i n
k= 222. 8 k
T=[ ( 4 x ( 1610. k + 3662. k + 1. 686e+04 k) ]
1/ 2
32. 2 f t / s
2
x 53. 50 f t x 222. 8 k
T= 0. 8512
Soil Profile = S
B
Seismic Source Type = A/B
Z = 0.40
Ca = 0.40
Cv = 0.60
I = 1.25
R
hor
= 4.500
R
vert
= 3.00
Nv = 1.0
Na = 1.0
B = 2/3
U
o
= 0.1958 g
V
o
= 0.1958 g
AWWA SEISMIC DESIGN
Effective seismic horizontal acceleration = (Z
H
x I x C)/R
H
Effective seismic vertical acceleration = (Z
V
x I x C)/R
V
Where, Z
H
= 0.4000
Z
V
= 0.2667
I = 1.000
C = 2.750 (conservative)
R
H
= 4.500
R
V
= 3.000
U
o
= 0.2444 g
V
o
= 0.2444 g
Adopt: Effective seismic horizontal acceleration = 0.2444g
Adopt: Effective seismic vertical acceleration = 0.2444g
Seismic spectral velocity = 1.250 ft/sec (at a convective period of 6.792 sec.)
II. REFERENCES
REFERENCES 2.0 MG LESLIE LANE RESERVOIR
DATE: 9/ 22/ 2000 ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA
A. Heins, C.P., and Firmage, D.A., Design of Modern Steel Highway Bridges . John
Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, New York (1979).
B. Park, R., and Gamble, W.L., Reinforced Concrete Slabs. John Wiley and Sons,
Inc., New York, New York (1980).
C. Nuclear Reactors and Earthquakes , Chap. 6 and Appendix F. U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission publication, Division of Technical Information, TID-7024,
National Technical Information Service (1963).
D. Wang, Chu-Kia, and Salmon, Charles G., Reinforced Concrete Design, third edition.
Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc., New York, New York (1979).
E. Peck, Ralph B., Hanson, Walter E., and Thornburn, Thomas H., Foundation
Engineering, second edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, New York
(1974).
F. Manual of Steel Construction, Eighth Edition, Chap. 5. American Institute of
Steel Construction, Inc., Chicago, Illinois (1980).
G. Post-Tensioning Manual, Fifth Edition, Chap. 3. Post-Tensioning Institute,
Phoenix, Arizona (1990).
H. ACI Manual of Concrete Practice, Part II. American Concrete Institute, Detroit,
Michigan (1983).
I. Jacobsen, Lydik S., "Impulsive Hydrodynamics of Fluid Inside a Cylindrical Tank
and of Fluid Surrounding a Cylindrical Pier", Bulletin of the Seismological
Society of America, 39:189 (1949).
J. Handbook of Molded and Extruded Rubber, Second Edition. Goodyear Tire and Rubber
Company, Akron, Ohio (1959).
K. AWWA Standard for Wire-Wound Circular Prestressed-Concrete Water Tanks, American
Water Works Association, Denver, Colorado (1995).
NOMENCLATURE 2.0 MG LESLIE LANE RESERVOIR
DATE: 9/22/2000 ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA

III. TANK DESIGN NOMENCLATURE
a side of square area loaded by tire (ft).
a height of Whitney's stress block (in).
A
b
bearing area of vertical prestressing anchorage (in
2
).
A'
b
maximum area of the portion of the concrete anchorage surface for the vertical
prestressing that is geometrically similar to and concentric with the area of the
anchorage (in
2
).
a
bay
plan area of one interior roof bay (ft
2
).
a
bar
area of reinforcing bar or prestressing tendon (in
2
).
alpha
c
ratio of the flexural stiffness of column to flexural stiffness of slab (1).
alpha
ec
ratio of flexural stiffness of equivalent column to flexural stiffness of slab
(1).
alpha
min
minimum alpha
c
to satisfy 1994 UBC, Section (1913.6.10(a)) (1).
A
c
area of concrete in compression for minimum eccentricity (in
2
), area of core
concrete column (in
2
).
A
c,b
area of concrete in compression for balanced condition (in
2
).
A
c,max
area of concrete in compression for maximum eccentricity (in
2
).
A
footing
area of column footing (ft
2
).
A
g
gross cross-sectional area (in
2
).
Ag
column
gross cross-sectional area of column strip (in
2
).
Ag
middle
gross cross-sectional area of middle strip (in
2
).
A
int
area of tank roof supported entirely by interior columns (ft
2
).
A
long
plan area one exterior roof bay at the longest end span (ft
2
).
A
roof
area of tank roof (ft
2
).
A
short
plan area one exterior roof bay at the shortest end span (ft
2
).
As area of reinforcing (in
2
).
As
drag
required area of reinforcing from ACI drag resistance formula (in
2
).
As
max
maximum amount of reinforcing allowed (in
2
).
As
min
minimum amount of reinforcing allowed (in
2
).
A
shear
web area of structural tubing resisting shear (in
2
).
As
seismic
required area of reinforcing for seismic loads (in
2
).
As
temp
required area of reinforcing for temperature effects (in
2
).
A
strand
area of circumferential prestressing strand (in
2
).
As
water
required area of reinforcing for water loads (in
2
).

A
t
tributary area of roof (kips/lineal foot of wall).
A
v
required area of structural tubing for roof shear connection (in
2
).
b width of compression area of concrete section (in).
BD downward drag of backfill on tank wall (plf).
B
d
ratio of maximum factored axial dead load to maximum total factored axial load
(1).
beta
1
factor defined in 1994 UBC, Section (1910.2.7.3).
beta
a
ratio of distributed dead load to distributed live load on roof (1).
b
f
width of flange of structural tubing (in).
b
w
width of compression area for section in bending (in).
C stiffness constant (in
4
).
C
c
compressive force in concrete at minimum eccentricity (kips).
C
c,b
compressive force in concrete for balanced condition (kips).
C
c,max
compressive force in concrete at maximum eccentricity (kips).
C
m
column design constant (1).
Cs
initial
initial compressive stress in tank wall (psi).
Cs
b,e
compressive stress due to seismic backfill pressure
Cs
b,s
compressive stress in wall due to static backfill pressure (psi).
Cs
p
compressive stress in wall due to circumferential prestressing (psi).
d
f
depth to tensile reinforcing for flexure (in).
d
v
depth to tensile reinforcing for shear (in).
d
bar
diameter of reinforcing bar (in).
d
column
diameter of column (in).
delta initial deflection of column (in).
delta
comp
compressive deflection of bearing pad (%).
delta
b
design moment magnification factor (1).
delta
radial
maximum inward wall movement (in).
delta
s
positive moment magnification factor (1).
DL dead load (units as noted).
d
tank
diameter of tank at mid height of wall (ft).
e eccentricity of column axial load (in).
E Modulus of Elasticity (psi).
E
bar
Modulus of Elasticity of prestressing tendon (psi).
e
b
eccentricity of the axial load on the column which corresponds to the point of
transition between the compression controls region and the tension controls
region (in).
e
initial
radial strain in bearing pad due to prestressing (1).
e
max
maximum radial strain in bearing pad (1).
e
min
eccentricity of the axial load on the column which corresponds to the point of
transition between the maximum axial compressive strength controls region and the
compression controls region (in).

e
temp
radial strain in bearing pad due to temperature effects (1).
EL earthquake load (units as noted).
fa allowable tensile force in reinforcing (psi).
F friction factor between floor and subgrade (1).
f'c compressive stress of concrete (psi).
f
cp
permissible compressive stress in concrete at vertical prestressing anchorage
(psi).
F
s
force in reinforcing steel (kips).
F
v
allowable shear stress in structural tubing
fy yield strength of floor reinforcing (psi).
Fy summation of forces in the "Y" direction (lb).
fy yield strength of reinforcing or structural steel (psi).
gamma
backfill
weight density of soil backfill material (pcf).
gamma
concrete
weight density of concrete (pcf).
gamma
equivalent backfill
equivalent liquid density of soil backfill material (pcf).
gamma
f
fraction of column moment transferred to roof slab through flexure (1).
gamma
fluid
weight density of fluid (pcf).
gamma
v
fraction of column moment transferred to roof slab through shear (1).
h
backfill
height of backfill above wall footing (ft).
h
column
side dimension of equivalent square column (in).
H
c
hoop force in wall from convective component of water during seismic excitation
(k/ft).
h
o
elevation of center of impulsive water mass above top of wall footing (ft).
H
i
hoop force in wall from impulsive component of water during seismic excitation
(k/ft).
H
v
hoop force in wall from vertical component of water during seismic excitation
(k/ft).
h
wall
height of tank wall (ft).
h
water
height of normal fluid level above tank floor at wall (ft).
I
gross
moment of inertia of gross cross section (in
4
).
J
c
section property analogous to the polar moment of inertia
k stability factor for frame member (1).
K
column
flexural stiffness of column (k-ft).
K
ec
flexural stiffness of equivalent column (k-ft).
K
slab
stiffness of slab section (k-ft).

K
t
torsional stiffness of slab section (k-ft).
L
2
longer span length from center to center of supports in direction transverse from
direction in which moments are being determined (ft).
L
2
' shorter span length from center to center of supports in direction transverse
from direction in which moments are being determined (ft).
L
column
length of column from top of footing to bottom of drop panel (ft).
L
d
basic tensile development length of reinforcing steel (in).
L
db
basic development length for reinforcing in compression (in).
L
development
required development length of column reinforcing in footing (in).
L
dh
modified tensile or compression development length for standard hooks (in).
L
drop
length of side of square drop panel (ft).
L
e,max
maximum exterior span length from center of column to center of wall (ft).
L
e,min
minimum exterior span length from center of column to center of wall (ft).
L
footing
length of side of square column footing (ft).
L
hb
basic development length for standard hook in tension (in).
L
i,max
maximum interior span length from center to center of column supports (ft).
LL live load (units as noted).
L
n
length of longer clear span in direction in which moments are being determined
(ft).
L
n
' length of shorter clear span in direction in which moments are being determined
(ft).
L
n,e
maximum exterior clear span (ft).
L
n,i
maximum interior clear span (ft).
Ls maximum dimension of floor slab (ft).
L
splice
required length of splice for vertical column reinforcing (in).
M
2b
required bending capacity of column due to distributed loads on roof, from ACI
318R-89, Section 13.6.3.3 (k-ft).
M
c
total required bending capacity of column due to all loads (k-ft).
M
d
required bending capacity of column due to initial deflection (k-ft).
M
f
moment transferred from column to roof slab through flexure (k-ft).
M
footing
design bending moment in wall footing (lb-ft/ft).
M
i
moment in column due to inertia of the column under seismic loads (k-ft).
Mn nominal bending capacity of section (k-ft/ft).
M
n,b
nominal bending capacity of the column at balanced condition (k-ft).
M
n,min
nominal bending capacity of the column at minimum eccentricity (k-ft).
M
o
nominal bending capacity of the column at maximum eccentricity (k-ft).
M
o,c
total factored static moment in roof slab in a cantilever span (k-ft).
M
o,e
total factored static moment in roof slab in an exterior span (k-ft).

M
o,i
total factored static moment in roof slab in an interior span (k-ft).
Mu factored design moment (k-ft/ft).
MUS minimum ultimate stress (psi).
M
v
moment transferred from column to roof slab through shear (k-ft).
M
w
moment in column due to inertia of the water around the column under seismic
loads (k-ft).
n number of seismic cables required per set (ea).
Na
b
neutral axis location for column at balanced condition (in).
Na
max
neutral axis location for column at maximum eccentricity (in).
Na
min
neutral axis location for column at minimum eccentricity (in).
overhang distance from the exterior face of the corewall to the edge of the roof slab
(in).
P
c
critical buckling load on column (k-ft).
P
dt
prestressing force in tank wall for differential temperature and dryness effects
(k/ft).
P
dynamic
prestressing force in the tank wall for hydrodynamic hoop forces (k/ft).
PL point load on roof slab (lbs).
P
n,b
nominal axial capacity of column at balanced condition (kips).
P
ol
prestressing force for hydrostatic overload (k/ft).
P
pad,static
static vertical load on bearing pad (plf).
P
pad,seismic
seismic vertical load on bearing pad (plf).
P
service
total unfactored service load on column footing (kips).
P
sl
prestressing force for hydrostatic service load (k/ft).
P
s,static
static soil load on wall footing (psf).
P
total
total prestressing force required (kips).
P
u
factored axial demand on column (kips).
P
u,static
static structure load on wall footing (psf).
P
v
required vertical prestressing force (k/ft).
P
w,static
static water load on wall footing (psf).
r radius of gyration of column (in).
rho reinforcing ratio (1).
rho
b
reinforcing ratio which produces a balanced strain condition (1).
rho
max
maximum reinforcing ratio (1).
rho
min
minimum reinforcing ratio (1).
rho
s
column spiral reinforcing ratio (1).
rho
water
density of fluid in tank (pcf).
R
u
coefficient of resistance (psi).
s length of prospective failure plane (ft).
S shape factor of bearing pad (1).
stress
allow
allowable compressive stress in bearing pad (psi).
stress
pad
compressive stress in bearing pad (psi).

S
s
strain in reinforcing steel (in/in).
S
y
yield strain of reinforcing steel (in/in).
t
drop
thickness of drop panel slab (in).
t
f
thickness of flange of structural tubing (in).
t
flash coat
thickness of initial coating of shotcrete placed over corewall prior to wrapping
(in).
t
floor
thickness of floor slab (in).
t
footing
thickness of footing (in).
t
pad
thickness of bearing pad (in).
t
roof
thickness of roof slab (in).
t
roof pad
thickness of bearing pad between wall and roof (in).
t
wall
thickness of the tank wall (in).
t
wall,average
average thickness of the tank wall (in).
t
wall,base
thickness of the cast-in-place corewall at the base (in).
t
wall,mid
thickness of the tank wall at midheight (in).
t
wall,top
thickness of the cast-in-place corewall at the top (in).
U total factored load on tank roof (units as noted).
u
o
horizontal acceleration of ground due to seismic excitation (ft/sec
2
).
v roof shear per lineal foot of tank wall (kips/ft).
V total roof shear (kips).
v
1,2
maximum and minimum shear stress in roof slab due to column moment transfer
(psi).
V
c
nominal capacity of concrete section in shear neglecting reinforcing (kips).
Vc
e,circle
nominal shear capacity of roof slab in exterior bay under circular twoway action
neglecting reinforcing (kips).
Vc
e,square
nominal shear capacity of roof slab in exterior bay under square twoway action
Vc
e,straight
nominal shear capacity of roof slab in exterior bay under oneway action
Vc
i,circle
nominal shear capacity of roof slab in interior bay under circular twoway action
Vc
i,square
nominal shear capacity of roof slab in interior bay under square twoway action
Vc
i,straight
nominal shear capacity of roof slab in interior bay under oneway action
v
connection
roof shear per connection (kips).
V
convective
base shear due to weight of fluid acting convectively on the tank wall (kips).

v
c,square
nominal shear capacity of footing under square twoway action neglecting
reinforcing (psi).
v
c,straight
nominal shear capacity of footing under oneway action neglecting reinforcing
(psi).
V
footing
design shear in wall footing (lb).
V
impulsive
base shear due to weight of fluid acting impulsively on the tank wall (kips).
Vn nominal shear capacity of section (kips/ft).
v
o
vertical acceleration of ground due to seismic excitation (ft/sec
2
).
V
s
volume of spiral reinforcing (in
3
/in).
v
set
required capacity of one set of seismic cables (ft).
V
s,square
nominal shear capacity of reinforcing under square twoway action (kips)
V
s,straight
nominal shear capacity of reinforcing under oneway action (kips)
Vu factored design shear (kips/ft).
Vu
e,circle
factored shear force on roof slab in exterior bay due to circular twoway action
(kips).
Vu
e,square
factored shear force on roof slab in exterior bay due to square twoway action
(kips).
Vu
e,straight
factored shear force on roof slab in exterior bay due to oneway action (kips).
Vu
i,circle
factored shear force on roof slab in interior bay due to circular twoway action
(kips).
Vu
e,square
factored shear force on roof slab in interior bay due to square twoway action
(kips).
Vu
i,straight
factored shear force on roof slab in interior bay due to oneway action (kips).
v
u,square
factored shear stress on footing due to square twoway action (psi).
V
u,square
factored shear force on footing due to square twoway action (kips).
v
u,straight
factored shear stress on footing due to oneway action (psi).
V
u,straight
factored shear force on footing due to oneway action (kips).
w circular frequency of oscillation of fluid surface (rad/sec).
w
pad
total width of bearing pads (in).
W
d
factored distributed dead load on roof for column design (psf).
W
l
factored distributed live load on roof for column design (psf).
W
column
effective weight of columns which is transferred to the roof diaphragm (kips).
W
dead
total dead weight on tank roof (kips).
W
drop
total weight of drop panels (kips).
W
live
total live weight on tank roof (kips).
W
roof
total weight resisted by roof diaphragm (kips).
W
slab
weight of roof slab excluding drop panels (kips).
W
wall
total weight of tank wall (kips).
W
water
total weight of tank contents (kips).

X smaller dimension of rectangular area (in).
X
c
distance from column centerline to centroid of compression area at minimum
eccentricity (in).
X
c,b
distance from column centerline to centroid of compression area for balanced
condition (in).
X
c,max
distance from column centerline to centroid of compression area at maximum
eccentricity (in).
X
roof
location of centroid of roof mass above top of wall footing (ft).
X
s
sum of moment arms for reinforcing in compression at minimum eccentricity (in).
X
s,b
sum of moment arms for reinforcing in compression for balanced condition (in).
X
s,max
sum of moment arms for reinforcing in compression at maximum eccentricity (in).
X
wall
location of centroid of wall mass above top of wall footing (ft).
Y larger dimension of rectangular area (in).
Y
soil
relative location of center of soil pressure from toe of wall footing (1).
Y
wall
relative location of center of bearing pad from toe of wall footing (1).
Y
water
relative location of center of water pressure from toe of wall footing (1).
Y" distance from the base of the wall to the point of investigation (ft).
/0 shear angle of bearing pad (1).
/0 strength reduction factor for concrete design (1).
/0h angular amplitude of free oscillation at the water surface
/0M
o(max)
maximum nominal bending capacity of the column with no axial load and reduced by
the ACI capacity reduction factor (k-ft).
/0P
n(max)
maximum nominal axial capacity of the column with no bending moment and reduced
by the ACI capacity reduction factor (kips).
FLAT SLAB 2.0 MG LESLIE LANE RESERVOIR
REVISED: 02/02/2001 ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA

IV. FLAT SLAB DESIGN
The flat slab roof and column designs satisfy as a minimum the requirements of the ACI 318-95
and ACI 350-89. The Direct Design Method as outlined in the ACI 318-95, Chapter 19, is
utilized for these designs.
A. Assumptions
Live Loads - Case [1]:
snow = 0.0000 psf
peagravel = 0.0000 psf
soil = 100.0 psf
people = 0.0000 psf
other misc. = 50.00 psf
Live Load = 150.00 psf
Superimposed Dead Loads - Case [1]:
peagravel = 0.0000 psf
soil = 100.0 psf
other misc. = 0.0000 psf
Dead load = 100.0 psf
Roof slab thickness - t
roof
= 12.00 in
Drop panel thickness - t
drop
= 7.500 in
Drop panel size - L
drop
= 7.750 ft x 7.750 ft
Column diameters - d
column
= 24.00 in (Interior)
= 24.00 in (Exterior)
Equivalent square column sizes - h
column
= 21.27 in (Interior)
= 21.27 in (Exterior)
Concrete weight = 150.0 pcf
All reinforcing bars are Grade 60.
Maximum span from center-to-center of supports:
interior bay - L
i,max
= 21.00 ft
exterior bay - L
e,max
= 15.70 ft (to centerline of wall)
Minimum span from center-to-center of supports:
exterior bay - L
e,min
= 10.16 ft (to centerline of wall)
FLAT SLAB 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
REVISED: 02/02/2001 ESCONDI DO, CALI FORNI A
B. Deflection Requirements
The minimum thickness of the two-way flat slab with drop panels will be investigated for
interior and exterior spans as computed from ACI 318-95, Section 9.5.3.2.
basic minimum thickness for exterior span:
t
roof(minimum)
= L
n,e
/33 ACI 318-95, Table 9.5(c)
where, L
n,e
= L
e,max
- (h
column
)/2
L
n,e
= 15.70 ft - (21.27 in x 1 ft) = 14.81 ft
2 x 12 in
t
roof(minimum)
= 14.81 ft x 12 in/ft = 5.387 in
33
basic minimum thickness for interior span:
t
roof(minimum)
= L
n,i
/36 ACI 318-95, Table 9.5 (c)
where, L
n,i
= L
i,max
- h
column
L
n,i
= 21.00 ft - (21.27 in x 1 ft) = 19.23 ft
12 in
t
roof(minimum)
= 19.23 ft x 12 in/ft = 6.409 in
36
In order to reduce the reinforcing requirements and provide a more ductile slab, a
thicker slab will be provided.
ADOPT: t
roof
= 12.00 in
REVI SED: 02/ 02/ 2001 ESCONDI DO, CALI FORNI A
C. Factored Loads - Load Case [1]
The required capacity of the slab will be calculated in accordance with ACI 350-89,
Sect.(2.6.5) and ACI 318-95, Section (9.2).
The shear load will be carried by the concrete only and does not require the
Environmental Durability Factor per ACI 350.
U1 = 1.40 x DL + 1.70 x LL ACI 350R-89, Sect. (2.6.5)
U2 = 1.05 x DL + 1.28 x LL + 1.40 x EL ACI 350R-89, Sect. (2.6.5)
U3 = 0.90 x DL + 1.43 x EL ACI 350R-89, Sect. (2.6.5)
1. Dead load:
DL = t
roof
x 150 pcf + superimposed dead load
= (12.00 in/12 in/ft) x 150.0 pcf + 100.0 psf
= 250.0 psf
ADOPT: DL = 250.0 psf
DL
drop
= additional dead load at drop panels
= t
drop
x 150.0 pcf
= (7.500 in/12 in/ft) x 150.0 pcf
= 93.75 psf
ADOPT: DL
drop
= 93.75 psf
2. Earthquake load:
EL = v
o
x (DL + LL
soil
)
EL = 0.2444 x (250.0 + 100.0) psf = 85.54 psf
ADOPT: EL = 85.54 psf
3. ACI Factored Load
U1
shear
= 1.40 x 250.0 psf + 1.70 x 150.0 psf = 605.0 psf
U2
shear
= 1.05 x 250.0 psf + 1.28 x 150.0 psf + 1.40 x 85.54 psf = 574.3 psf
U3
shear
= 0.90 x 250.0 psf + 1.43 x 85.54 psf = 347.3 psf
ADOPT: U = 605.0 psf (load case U1)
U1
drop,shear
= 1.40 x 93.75 psf = 131.3 psf
U2
drop,shear
= 1.05 x 93.75 psf + 1.40 x (0.2444 x 93.75 psf) = 130.5 psf
U3
drop,shear
= 0.90 x 93.75 psf + 1.43 x (0.2444 x 93.75 psf) = 117.1 psf
ADOPT: U
drop
= 131.3 psf (load case U1
drop
)
4. Vehicle Load
The vehi cl e l oads wi l l be cal cul at ed based on t he l oad f act or s f r omACI 318- 95. Fo
a movi ng vehi cl e, t he st at i c l oad wi l l al so be scal ed wi t h an i mpact f act or ( I ) .
Fr omRef er ence 1, t he i mpact f act or s wi l l be 1. 0 and 1. 3 f or st at i onar y and movi ng
vehi cl es r espect i vel y.
Vehi cl e #1: 3. 200e+04 l bs
I = 1. 300 Ref. 1, EQ. (3.1)
VL1
u1
= 1. 7 x I x vehi cl e wei ght
= 1. 7 x 1. 300 x 3. 200e+04 l bs = 7. 072e+04 l bs
VL1
u2
= 1. 28 x vehi cl e wei ght + 1. 40 x ( v
o
x vehi cl e wei ght )
= 1. 28 x 3. 200e+04 l bs + 1. 40 x ( 0. 2444 x 3. 200e+04 l bs)
= 5. 191e+04 l bs
ADOPT: VL = VL1 = 7.072e+04 lbs
5. Wheel Load
Rear wheel l oads wi l l be di st r i but ed as per AASHTO desi gn vehi cl e l oads ( see Fi gur e
3. 1, Ref er ence 1) .
VL1
r ear
= 0. 4 x VL1
= 0. 4 x 7. 072e+04 l bs
= 2. 829e+04 l bs
D. Shear Requirements - Load Case [1]
The shear st r engt h under wi de- beamact i on i nsi de t he dr op panel and under t wo- way act i on
i nsi de and out si de t he dr op panel wi l l be i nvest i gat ed.
MECHANISM: An i nt er i or bay wi t h a st r ai ght pot ent i al f ai l ur e sur f ace al ong t he f ul l
wi dt h of t he bay and l ocat ed a di st ance d f r om t he edge of t he equi val ent
squar e col umn
Vu
i , st r ai ght
= U x L
i , max
x s
1
+ U
dr op
x L
dr op
x s'
1
+ V1
wher e, s
1
= ( L
i , max
) / 2 - ( h
col umn
/ 2 + d) ACI 318-95 Sect. (11.1.3.1)
s'
1
= ( L
dr op
) / 2 - ( h
col umn
/ 2 + d)
d

= t
r oof
+ t
dr op
- cover - 1. 5 x d
bar
= 12. 00 i n + 7. 500 i n - 2. 000 i n - 1. 5 x 0. 8750 i n
= 16. 19 i n
s
1
= 21. 00 f t / 2 - ( 21. 27 i n/ 2 + 16. 19 i n) / 12 = 8. 265 f t
s'
1
= 7. 750 f t / 2 - ( 21. 27 i n/ 2 + 16. 19 i n) / 12 = 1. 640 f t
Vu
i , st r ai ght
= ( 605. 0psf x 21. 00f t x 8. 265f t + 131. 1psf x 7. 750f t x 1. 640f t + 7. 072e+04
l bs) / ( 1000l bs/ k)
= 177. 4 k
Vc
i , st r ai ght
= 2 x %( f ' c) x b
w
x ( d - t
dr op
) ACI 318-95, EQ. (11-3)
wher e, b
w
= L
i , max
= 21. 00 f t
Vc
i , st r ai ght
= ( 2 x %( 4000psi ) x 21. 00f t x ( 16. 19i n - 7. 500i n) x 12i n/ f t ) / ( 1000l b/ k)
= 276. 9 k
/OVc = 0. 8500 x 276. 9 k = 235. 4 k > Vu
i , st r ai ght
therefore, O.K.
MECHANISM: An ext er i or bay wi t h a st r ai ght pot ent i al f ai l ur e sur f ace al ong t he f ul l
wi dt h of t he bay and l ocat ed a di st ance d f r om t he edge of t he equi val ent
squar e col umn
The shear f or ce i n an ext er i or bay wi l l be scal ed by an addi t i onal f act or f or end
ef f ect s
Vu
e, st r ai ght
= 1. 15 x [ U x L
i , max
x s
2
+ U
dr op
x L
dr op
x s'
1
] + V1
wher e, s
2
= L
e, max
/ 2 - ( h
col umn
/ 2 + d) ACI 318-95, Sect. (11.1.3.1)
d = 16. 19 i n
s
2
= 15. 70 f t / 2 - ( 21. 27 i n/ 2 + 16. 19 i n) / 12 = 5. 615 f t
Vu
e, st r ai ght
= ( 1. 15 x [ 605. 0 psf x 21. 00 f t x 5. 615 f t + 131. 3 psf x 7. 750 f t x
1. 640 f t ] + 7. 072e+04 l bs) / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 154. 7 k
Vc
e, st r ai ght
= 2 x %( f ' c) x b
w
x ( d - t
dr op
) ACI 318-89, EQ. (11-3)
b
w
= L
i , max
= 21. 00 f t
Vc
e, st r ai ght
= ( 2 x %( 4000psi ) x 21. 00f t x ( 16. 19i n - 7. 500i n) x 12i n/ f t ) / ( 1000l b/ k)
= 276. 9 k
/OVc = 0. 8500 x 276. 9 k = 235. 4 k > Vu
e, st r ai ght
therefore, O.K.
MECHANISM: An i nt er i or bay wi t h a ci r cul ar pot ent i al f ai l ur e sur f ace l ocat ed a di st ance
d/ 2 f r omt he f ace of t he col umn:
Vu
i , ci r cl e
= U x [ L
i , max
2
- x ( s
3
/ 2)
2
] + U
dr op
x [ L
dr op
2
- B x ( s
3
/ 2)
2
] + V1
ACI 318-95, Sect. (11.12)
wher e, s
3
= d
col umn
+ d
= ( 24. 00 i n + 16. 19 i n) / ( 12 i n/ f t ) = 3. 349 f t
Vu
i , ci r cl e
= ( 605. 0 psf x [ ( 21. 00 f t )
2
- B x ( 3. 349 f t / 2)
2
] + 131. 1 psf x [ ( 7. 750 f t )
2
- B x ( 3. 349 f t / 2)
2
] + 7. 072e+04l bs) / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 338. 9 k
Vc
i , ci r cl e
= 4 x %( f ' c) x b
o
x d ACI 318-95, EQ. (11-38)
wher e, b
o
= B x s
3
= x 3. 349 f t = 10. 52 f t
Vc
i , ci r cl e
= 4 x %( 4000 psi ) x 10. 52 f t x 16. 19 i n x 12 i n/ f t / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 517. 0 k
/OVc = 0. 8500 x 517. 0 k = 439. 5 k > Vu
i , ci r cl e
therefore, O.K.
MECHANISM: An ext er i or bay wi t h a ci r cul ar pot ent i al f ai l ur e sur f ace l ocat ed a di st ance
d/ 2 f r omt he f ace of an edge col umn:
Vu
e, ci r cl e
= 1. 15 x [ U x [ L
i , max
x ( L
i , max
+ L
e, max
) / 2 - B x ( s
3
/ 2)
2
] + U
dr op
x
[ L
dr op
2
- B x ( s
3
/ 2)
2
] ] + V1 ACI 318-95, Sect. (11.12)
Vu
e, ci r cl e
= ( 1. 15 x [ 605. 0 psf x [ 21. 00 f t x( 21. 00 f t + 16. 19 f t ) / 2 - B x( 3. 349 f t / 2)
2
]

+ 131. 3 psf x [ ( 7. 750 f t )
2
- B x ( 3. 349 f t / 2)
2
] ] + 7. 072e+04 l bs) / ( 1000

l bs/ k)
= 340. 4 k
Vc
e, ci r cl e
= 4 x %( f ' c) x b
o
x d ACI 318-95, EQ. (11-38)
wher e, b
o
= B x s
4
= B x 3. 349 f t = 10. 52 f t
Vc
e, ci r cl e
= 4 x %( 4000 psi ) x 10. 52 f t x 16. 19 i n x 12 i n/ f t / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 517. 0 k
/OVc = 0. 8500 x 517. 0 k = 439. 5 k > Vu
e, ci r cl e
therefore, O.K.
MECHANISM: An i nt er i or bay wi t h a squar e pot ent i al f ai l ur e sur f ace l ocat ed a di st ance
( d - t
dr op
) / 2 f r omt he edge of t he dr op panel
Vu
i , squar e
= U x ( L
i , max
2
- ( L
dr op
+ d - t
dr op
)
2
) + V1 ACI 318-95, Sect. (11.12)
( 605. 0 psf x ( ( 21. 00 f t )
2
- ( 7. 750 f t + ( 16. 19 i n - 7. 500 i n) /

( 12 i n/ f t ) )
2
] + 7. 072e+04 l bs) x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 294. 1 k
Vc
i , squar e
= 4 x %( f ' c) x b
o
x ( d - t
dr op
) ACI 318-95, EQ. (11-38)
wher e, b
o
= 4 x ( L
dr op
+ ( d - t
dr op
) / 12)
= 4 x ( 7. 750 f t + ( 16. 19 i n - 7. 500 i n) / ( 12 i n/ f t ) )
= 33. 90 f t
Vc
i , squar e
= 4 x %( 4000 psi ) x 33. 90 f t x ( 16. 19 i n - 7. 500 i n) x 12 i n/ f t / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 893. 9 k
/OVc = 0. 8500 x 893. 9 k = 759. 9 k > Vu
i , squar e
therefore, O.K.
MECHANISM: An ext er i or bay wi t h a squar e pot ent i al f ai l ur e sur f ace l ocat ed a di st ance
( d - t
dr op
) / 2 f r omt he edge of t he dr op panel
Vu
e, squar e
= 1. 15 x U x [ L
i , max
x ( L
e, max
+ L
i , max
) / 2 - ( L
dr op
+ d - t
dr op
)
2
) + V1
ACI 318-95, Sect. (11.12)
= ( ( 1. 15 x 605. 0 psf x [ 21. 00 f t x ( 16. 19 f t + 21. 00 f t ) / 2 - ( 7. 750 f t +
( 16. 19 i n - 7. 500 i n) / ( 12 i n/ f t ) )
2
] ) + 7. 072e+04 l bs) / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 288. 9 k
Vc
e, squar e
= 4 x %( f ' c) x b
o
x ( d - t
dr op
) ACI 318-95, EQ. (11-38)
wher e, b
o
= 4 x ( L
dr op
+ ( d - t
dr op
) / 12)
= 4 x ( 7. 750 f t + ( 16. 19 i n - 7. 500 i n) / ( 12 i n/ f t ) )
= 33. 90 f t
Vc
e, squar e
= 4 x %( 4000 psi ) x 33. 90 f t x ( 16. 19 i n - 7. 500 i n) x 12 i n/ f t / ( 1000 l bs/ k)
= 893. 9 k
/OVc
e, squar e
= 0. 8500 x 893. 9 k = 759. 9 k > Vu
e, squar e
therefore O.K.
E. Moments in Roof Slab - Load Case [1]
The moments in the roof slab will be due to distributed loads and point loads. The
design for bending due to distributed loads will be based on the ACI 318-95 Direct Design
Method and ACI 350-89, Section 2.6.5.a. The moments caused by point loads (if required)
will be calculated separately and superimposed upon the distributed load moments.
1. Factored load moments due to distributed loads:
U1
moment
= 1.30 x U1
shear
= 1.30 x 605.0 psf = 786.5 psf
U2
moment
= 1.30 x U2
shear
= 1.30 x 574.3 psf = 746.5 psf
U3
moment
= 1.30 x U3
shear
= 1.30 x 347.3 psf = 451.5 psf
ADOPT: U = 786.5 psf (load case 1)
U1
drop,moment
= 1.30 x U1
drop,shear
= 1.30 x 131.3 psf = 170.6 psf
U2
drop,moment
= 1.30 x U2
drop,shear
= 1.30 x 130.5 psf = 169.7 psf
U3
drop,moment
= 1.30 x U3
drop,shear
= 1.30 x 117.2 psf = 152.3 psf
ADOPT: U
drop
= 170.6 psf (load case 1)
M
o,i
= total factored static moment in an interior span per ACI 350-89,
Sect.2.6.5.a.
M
o,i
= (U x L
2
x L
n,i
2
)/8 + U
drop
x L
drop
x (L
drop
- h
column
)
2
/8
ACI 318-95, EQ. (13-3)
where, L
2
= L
i,max
= 21.00 ft CRSI Handbook-82, Sect. 10
M
o,i
= 786.5 psf x 21.00 ft x (19.23 ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k) + 170.6 psf x

7.750 ft x (7.750 ft - 21.27 in/12 in/ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k)
= 769.2 k-ft
M
o,e
= total factored static moment in an exterior span
M
o,e
= (U x L
2
x L
n,e
2
)/8 + U
drop
x L
drop
x (L
drop
- h
column
)
2
/8
ACI 318-95, EQ. (13-3)
where, L
2
= L
i,max
M
o,e
= (786.5 psf x 21.00 ft x (14.81 ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k) + 170.6 psf

x 7.750 ft x(7.750 ft - 21.27 in/12 in/ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k)
= 459.0 k-ft
2. Service load moments due to distributed loads:
M
o,i
= total service load static moment in an interior span
M
o,i
= ((DL + LL) x L
2
x L
n,i
2
)/8 + DL
drop
x L
drop
x (L
drop
- h
column
)
2
/8
ACI 318-95, EQ. (13-3)
where, L
2
= L
i,max
M
o,i
= (250.0 psf + 150.0 psf) x 21.00 ft x (19.23 ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k)
+ 93.75 psf x 7.750 ft x (7.750 ft - 21.27 in/12 in/ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k)
= 391.4 k-ft
M
o,e
= total service load static moment in an exterior span
M
o,e
= ((DL + LL) x L
2
x L
n,e
2
)/8 + DL
drop
x L
drop
x (L
drop
- h
column
)
2
/8
ACI 318-95, EQ. (13-3)
where, L
2
= L
i,max
M
o,e
= (250.0 psf + 150.0 psf) x 21.00 ft x (14.81 ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k)
+ 93.75 psf x 7.750 ft x (7.750 ft - 21.27 in/12 in/ft)
2
/(8 x 1000 lb/k)
= 233.5 k-ft
Longitudinal Distribution of Total Factored Static Moment:
The total factored static moment in an INTERIOR span shall be distributed
longitudinally based on ACI 318-95, Sect. (13.6.3.2).
Based on the ACI 318-95, Sect. (13.6.3.3), the total factored static moment in
an EXTERIOR span shall be distributed longitudinally based on the support
condition at the exterior edge of the slab. Due to the fact that the length of
the end span varies depending on which column line is analyzed, the support
condition will fall under one of two categories. For moderate to long end spans,
the support condition for the exterior span is most accurately represented by
Column (1) of Sect. 13.6.3.3. For short end spans, the support condition for the
first interior span is most accurately represented by Column (3) of Sect.
13.6.3.3. Both cases will be completely investigated in the calculations which
follow.
Transverse Distribution of Factored Moment:
The transverse distribution of the negative moment in interior spans, negative
moment in exterior spans, and positive moment shall be as prescribed by the ACI
318-95, Sect. (13.6.4).

FLAT SLAB 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE
3. Moments due to vehicle load:
The moment s due t o t he wheel l oad on t he sl ab wi l l be cal cul at ed based on t he
di scussi on i n Ref er ence 2, Sect . 3. 5. 2, concer ni ng concent r at ed l oads on sl abs.
Ref er ence 2 appl i es speci f i cal l y t o one l oad appl i ed t o t he sl ab. I t i s assumed t hat
t he one wheel l oad i s appl i ed at t he poi nt whi ch causes maxi mummoment i n t he sl ab
f or posi t i ve or negat i ve moment s. These poi nt s ar e 0. 50L and 0. 25L r espect i vel y.
Based on t hi s assumpt i on, t he second wheel shoul d be at l east 7 f t f r omt he f i r st .
The f act t hat t he second wheel wi l l be l ocat ed no l ess t han 7 f t f r omt he poi nt whi ch
causes maxi mumposi t i ve moment wi l l ef f ect i vel y r educe t he posi t i ve moment caused by
t he second wheel t o apr oxi mat el y one t hi r d of t hat caused by t he wheel whi ch i s
l ocat ed at 0. 50L.
The negat i ve moment wi l l not be ef f ect ed near l y as much by t he l ocat i on of t he wheel
l oad. Ther ef or e, t he conser vat i ve way t o anal i ze f or t he negat i ve moment caused by
t wo wheel l oads wi l l be t o doubl e t he moment caused by one wheel l oad.
M
v, c, i , neg
= negat i ve moment caused by vehi cl e l oad on col umn st r i p i n an i nt er i or span
M
v, m, i , neg
= negat i ve moment caused by vehi cl e l oad on mi ddl e st r i p i n an i nt er i or span
M
v, i , pos
= posi t i ve moment caused by vehi cl e l oad on any st r i p i n an i nt er i or span
M
v, c, e, neg
= negat i ve moment caused by vehi cl e l oad on col umn st r i p i n an ext er i or span
M
v, m, e, neg
= negat i ve moment caused by vehi cl e l oad on col umn st r i p i n an ext er i or span
M
v, e, pos
= posi t i ve moment caused by vehi cl e l oad on col umn st r i p i n an ext er i or span
a. Vehicle #1
a1 = %( VL1
r ear
/ ( t i r e pr essur e) )
a1 = %( 2. 829e+04 l bs/ 40. 00 psi ) x 1 f t / 12 i n = 2. 216 f t
For an I nt er i or span:
a1/ L
i , max
= 2. 216 f t / 21. 00 f t = 0. 1055
assumi ng al pha
1
= bet a
t
= 0,
M1
v, c, i , neg
/ VL1
r ear
= 0. 360 Ref. 2, Fig. (3.44)
M1
v, c, i , neg
= 2 x ( M1
v, c, i , neg
/ VL1
r ear
x VL1
r ear
) x L
2
/ 2
= 2 x ( 0. 360 x 2. 829e+04 l b) x 21. 00 f t / 2 x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 213. 9 k- f t
assumi ng al pha
1
= bet a
t
= i nf i ni t y,
M1
v, m, i , neg
/ VL1
r ear
= 0. 231 Ref. 2, Fig. (3.44)
M1
v, m, i , neg
= 2 x ( M1
v, m, i , neg
/ VL1
r ear
x VL1
r ear
) x L
2
/ 2
= 2 x ( 0. 231 x 2. 829e+04 l b) x 21. 00 f t / 2 x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 137. 2 k- f t

assumi ng al pha
1
= bet a
t
= 0,
M1
v, i , pos
/ VL1
r ear
= 0. 210 Ref. 2, Fig. (3.43)
M1
v, i , pos
= 1. 333 x ( M1
v, i , pos
/ VL1
r ear
x VL1
r ear
) x L
2
/ 2
= 1. 333 x ( 0. 210 x 2. 829e+04 l b) x 21. 00 f t / 2 x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 83. 15 k- f t
For an Ext er i or span:
a1/ L
e, max
= 2. 216 f t / 15. 70 = 0. 1412
assumi ng al pha
1
= bet a
t
= 0,
M1
v, c, e, neg
/ VL1
r ear
= 0. 350 Ref. 2, Fig. (3.44)
M1
v, c, e, neg
= 2 x ( M1
v, c, e, neg
/ VL1
r ear
x VL1
r ear
) x L
2
/ 2
= 2 x ( 0. 350 x 2. 829e+04 l b) x 21. 00 f t / 2 x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 207. 9 k- f t
assumi ng al pha
1
= bet a
t
= i nf i ni t y,
M1
v, m, e, neg
/ VL1
r ear
= 0. 230 Ref. 2, Fig. (3.44)
M1
v, m, e, neg
= 2 x ( M1
v, m, e, neg
/ VL1
r ear
x VL1
r ear
) x L
2
/ 2
= 2 x ( 0. 230 x 2. 829e+04 l b) x 21. 00 f t / 2 x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 136. 6 k- f t
assumi ng al pha
1
= bet a
t
= 0,
M1
v, e, pos
/ VL1
r ear
= 0. 185 Ref. 2, Fig. (3.43)
M1
v, e, pos
= 1. 333 x ( M1
v, e, pos
/ VL1
r ear
x VL1
r ear
) x L
2
/ 2
= 1. 333 x ( 0. 185 x 2. 829e+04 l b) x 21. 00 f t / 2 x 0. 001 k/ l b
= 73. 25 k- f t
b. TABLE 1. Summary of Moments due to vehicle load:
Ser vi ce Load
Locat i on Fact or ed Load Moment ( k- f t ) Moment
M
v, c, e, neg
M1
v, c, e, neg
x 1. 3 = 266. 4 M1
v, c, e, neg
/ 1. 7 = 122. 3
M
v, m, e, neg
M1
v, m. e, neg
x 1. 3 = 173. 8 M1
v, m. e, neg
/ 1. 7 = 80. 35
M
v, e, pos
M1
v, e, pos
x 1. 3 = 87. 50 M1
v, e, pos
/ 1. 7 = 43. 09
M
v, c, i , neg
M1
v, c, i , neg
x 1. 3 = 278. 1 M1
v, c, i , neg
/ 1. 7 = 125. 8
M
v, m, i , neg
M1
v, m, i , neg
x 1. 3 = 178. 1 M1
v, m, i , neg
/ 1. 7 = 80. 71
M
v, i , pos
M1
v, i , pos
x 1. 3 = 108. 1 M1
v, i , pos
/ 1. 7 = 48. 92
F. Moment Summary
TABLE 2. Summary of Moments in Slab (worst case)
Fact or ed Load Ser vi ce Load
Locat i on Equat i on f or Moment Moment Moment
Ext er i or Col umn 0. 75 x 0. 75 x M
o, e, ext er i or
+ M
v, c, e, neg
= 528. 5 f t - k 253. 6 f t - k
St r i p - Top or 0. 26 x 1. 00 x M
o, i , ext er i or
+ M
v, c, e, neg
= 470. 3 f t - k 224. 0 f t - k
Ext er i or Col umn 0. 63 x 0. 60 x M
o, e, ext er i or
+ M
v, e, pos
= 268. 7 f t - k 131. 3 f t - k
St r i p - Bot t om
Ext er i or Mi ddl e 0. 75 x 0. 25 x M
o, e, ext er i or
+ M
v, m, e, neg
= 263. 7 f t - k 124. 2 f t - k
St r i p - Top or 0. 26 x 0. 00 x M
o, i , ext er i or
+ M
v, m, e, neg
= 177. 6 f t - k 80. 37 f t - k
Ext er i or Mi ddl e 0. 63 x 0. 40 x M
o, e, ext er i or
+ M
v, e, pos
= 210. 9 f t - k 101. 9 f t - k
St r i p - Bot t om
Fi r st I nt er i or 0. 70 x 0. 75 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, c, i , neg
= 681. 8 f t - k 331. 3 f t - k
Col umn St r i p - Top 0. 65 x 0. 75 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, c, i , neg
= 653. 0 f t - k 316. 6 f t - k
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, i , pos
= 348. 1 f t - k 171. 0 f t - k
Col umn St r i p - Bot t om
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, m, i , neg
= 313. 0 f t - k 149. 2 f t - k
Mi ddl e St r i p - Top or 0. 65 x 0. 25 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, m, i , neg
= 303. 4 f t - k 144. 3 f t - k
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, i , pos
= 268. 1 f t - k 130. 3 f t - k
Mi ddl e St r i p - Bot t om
I nt er i or Col umn 0. 65 x 0. 75 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, c, i , neg
= 653. 0 f t - k 316. 6 f t - k
St r i p - Top
I nt er i or Col umn 0. 35 x 0. 60 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, i , pos
= 269. 6 f t - k 131. 1 f t - k
St r i p - Bot t om
I nt er i or Mi ddl e 0. 65 x 0. 25 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, m, i , neg
= 303. 4 f t - k 144. 3 f t - k
St r i p - Top
I nt er i or Mi ddl e 0. 35 x 0. 40 x M
o, i , i nt er i or
+ M
v, i , pos
= 215. 8 f t - k 103. 7 f t - k
St r i p - Bot t om

G. Flexural Design
A. Method for determining required reinforcing:
The required area of tension reinforcing within each strip was determined by the
following procedure:
Mu # /0Mn
/0Mn = /0 x As x fy x (d - a/2)
where, As = rho x b x d
a = As x fy = rho x d x fy
0.85 x f'c x b 0.85 x f'c
/0Mu = /0 x rho x b x d x fy x (d - rho x d x fy ) Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.3)

2 x 0.85 x f'c
by defining the following:
m = fy Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.4a)
0.85 x f'c
and substituting Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.3) and (3.6.4a) into the above,
R
u
= rho x fy x (1 - 0.5 x rho x m)
rho = 1(1 - %(1 - 2 x m x R
u
)) Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.5)
m

fy
As
required
= rho x b x d
B. Maximum reinforcement ratio:
rho
max
= 0.75 x rho
b
ACI 318-95, Sect. (10.3.3)
where, rho
b
= the reinforcing ratio producing a balanced strain condition
rho
b
= 0.85 x f'c x beta
1
x 87000 Ref. 4, EQ. (3.5.4)
fy 87000 + fy
rho
max
= 0.75 x 0.85 x 4000 psi x 0.8500 x 87000 = 0.02138
60000 psi 87000 + 60000
C. Minimum reinforcement ratio:
rho
min
= 0.0018 ACI 318-95, Sect. (7.12.2.1)
As
min
= rho
min
x Ag
for column strips reinforcing at drop panels, Ag = b x t
roof
+ L
drop
x t
drop
Ag = 126.0 in x 12.00 in + 7.750 ft x 12 in/ft x 7.500 in = 2210. sqin
As
min
= 0.0018 x 2210. sqin = 3.977 sqin
for all other strips, Ag = b x t
roof
Ag = 126.0 in x 12.00 in = 1512. sqin
As
min
= 0.0018 x 1512. sqin = 2.722 sqin
D. Calculation of Z values:
At service loads, we assume a linear stress strain relationship. In addition, for
a linear stress strain relationship, the location of the neutral axis coincides with

the location of the center of gravity of the section. Therefore, solving for the
distance to the neutral axis, x,
(A
c
)(x) = (A
t
)(d - x) + (A
t
')(d' - x)
where: A
c
= 1/2 (b)(x)
b = width of section
x = distance to neutral axis
A
t
= equivalent concrete area of tension steel
= (n)(A
s
)
A
t
'= equivalent concrete area of additional tension steel (the
additional steel is typically in compression, however here
it is in tension)
= (n)(A
s
')
n = modular ratio = E
s
/E
c
= 8.044
manipulating the equation
(1/2)(b)(x)
2
+ n(A
s
+ A
s
')(x) - n[(A
s
)(d) + (A
s
')(d')] = 0
therefore
x = -n(A
s
+ A
s
') + %[(n(A
s
+ A
s
'))
2
+ (2)(b)(n)[(A
s
)(d) + (A
s
')(d')]]

b
The service load moments is:
M
service
= (j)(A
s
)(f
s
) + (j')(A
s
')(f
s
')
where, j = moment arm for tension steel
= d - x/3
j'= moment arm for additional tension steel
= d' - x/3
from strain compatibility,
f
s
f
s
'

=
d - x d' - x
therefore,
f
s
' = f
s
(d' - x)/(d - x)
substituting and solving for f
s
,
f
s
= M
service
/[(d - x/3)(A
s
) + (d' - x/3)[(d' - x)/(d - x)](A
s
')]
Z = f
s

3
%[(2)(d
c
)
2
(spacing)] ACI 318-95, EQ. (10-5)
Z # 115 k/in ACI 350-89, Sect. (2.6.6)
COLUMN DESI GN 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
E. Reinforcing
TABLE 2. Reinforcement Parameters and Provisions
Location b d As bar # of As
(n) (in) rho required size bars provided spacing
Exterior Column 93.00 16.19 0.005043 7.593 7 16 9.600 7.875
Strip - Top
Exterior Column 126.0 8.688 0.006672 7.304 7 16 9.600 7.875
Strip - Bottom
Exterior Middle 126.0 8.875 0.006247 6.988 6 16 7.040 7.875
Strip - Top
Exterior Middle 126.0 8.875 0.004937 5.521 6 16 7.040 7.875
Strip - Bottom
First Interior 93.00 16.19 0.006602 9.939 7 20 12.00 6.300
Column Strip -
Top
First Interior 126.0 8.688 0.008820 9.655 7 20 12.00 6.300
Column Strip -
Bottom
First Interior 126.0 8.875 0.007505 8.393 6 20 8.800 6.300
Middle Strip -
Top
First Interior 126.0 8.875 0.006359 7.111 6 20 8.800 6.300
Middle Strip -
Bottom
Interior Column 93.00 16.19 0.006305 9.492 7 20 12.00 6.300
Strip - Top
Interior Column 126.0 8.688 0.006696 7.330 7 20 12.00 6.300
Strip - Bottom
Interior Middle 126.0 8.875 0.007258 8.116 6 20 8.800 6.300
Strip - Top
Interior Middle 126.0 8.875 0.005057 5.655 6 20 8.800 6.300
Strip - Bottom
F. Check for flexural crack control
TABLE 3. Reinforcement Parameters and Provisions
Location b d d
c
* d' A
s
A
s
' x fs Z
(in) (in) (in) (in) spacing provided provided (in) (ksi) (k/in)
Exterior Column 93.00 16.19 2.438 10.81 7.875 9.600 12.00 5.399 15.83 71.85
Strip - Top
Exterior Column 126.0 8.688 2.438 3.313 7.875 9.600 6.000 2.770 20.79 94.38
Strip - Bottom
Exterior Middle 126.0 8.875 2.375 3.125 7.875 7.040 8.800 2.526 25.50 113.8
Strip - Top
Exterior Middle 126.0 8.875 2.375 3.125 7.875 7.040 4.400 2.474 21.21 94.62
Strip - Bottom
First Interior 93.00 16.19 2.438 10.81 6.300 12.00 12.00 5.693 17.77 74.91
Column Strip -
Top
First Interior 126.0 8.688 2.438 3.313 6. 300 12. 00 6. 000 2.994 22.06 92.96
Column Strip
Bottom
First Interior 126.0 8.875 2.375 3.125 6.300 8.800 8.800 2.716 25.07 103.8
Middle Strip -
Top
First Interior 126.0 8.875 2.375 3.125 6.300 8.800 4.400 2.684 22.05 91.34
Middle Strip -
Bottom
Interior Column 93.00 16.19 2.438 10.81 6.300 12.00 12.00 5.693 16.99 71.59
Strip - Top
Interior Column 126.0 8.688 2.438 3.313 6.300 12.00 6.000 2.994 16.91 71.26
Strip - Bottom
Interior Middle 126.0 8.875 2.375 3.125 6.300 8.800 8.800 2.716 24.25 100.4
Strip - Top
Interior Middle 126.0 8.875 2.375 3.125 6.300 8.800 4.400 2.684 17.55 72.68
Strip - Bottom
H. Flexural Capacity
The capacity of each design strip can be calculated based on the formula below:
Capacity = /0 x T x (d - a/2)
where, T = tensile force in reinforcing
= As
provided
x fy
d = depth to reinforcing from Table 2
a = height of compressive stress block in concrete
= As
provided
x fy

0.85 x f'c x b
Capacity = /0 x As
provided
x fy x (d - ( As
provided
x fy))

1.7 x f'c x b
TABLE 3. Flexural Capacity of Roof Design Strips in Bending
Location Capacity (ft-k)
Exterior Column Strip - Top 660.0
Exterior Column Strip - Bottom 364.3
Exterior Middle Strip - Top 265.5
Exterior Middle Strip - Bottom 265.5
First Interior Column Strip - Top 812.6
First Interior Column Strip - Bottom 423.8
First Interior Middle Strip - Top 327.1
First Interior Middle Strip - Bottom 327.1
Interior Column Strip - Top 812.6
Interior Column Strip - Bottom 423.8
Interior Middle Strip - Top 327.1
Interior Middle Strip - Bottom 327.1
V. COLUMN DESIGN
A. Stiffness Calculations
1. Slab Stiffness
E = 57,000 x %(4000) = 3.605e+06 psi
I
gross
= 1/12 x L
i,max
x t
roof
3
= 1/12 x 21.00 ft x 12 in/ft x (12.00 in)
3
= 3.629e+04 in
4
K
slab
= 4 x E x I
gross
/L
i,max
= 4 x 3.605e+06 psi x 3.629e+04 in
4
= 1.730e+05 ft-k

21.00 ft x (12 in/ft)
2
x 1000 lb/k
2. Torsional Stiffness of Roof Slab at Columns
C = (1 - 0.63 x X) x X
3
x Y ACI 318-95, Sect.(13.0)
Y 3
where, for roof slab: X = t
slab
= 12.00 in
Y = h
column
= 21.27 in
for drop panel: X = minimum(C1,C2)
Y = maximum(C1,C2)
where,
C1 = t
slab
+ t
drop
= 12.00 in + 7.500 in = 19.50 in
C2 = h
column
= 21.27 in
Therefore,
X = 19.50 in
Y = 21.27 in
C
slab
= (1 - 0.63 x 12.00 in) x (12.00 in)
3
x 21.27 in = 7897. in
4
21.27 in 3
C
drop
= (1 - 0.63 x 19.50 in) x (19.50 in)
3
x 21.27 in = 2.221e+04 in
4
21.27 in 3
K
t
= torsional stiffness of slab section
= [L
i,max
x ((1 - Y/L
i,max
)
5
+ (1 - L
drop
/L
i,max
)
5
x (1/C
slab
- 1/C
drop
))]
-1

20 E x C
drop
E
= [21.00 x ( (1 - 21.27 in x 1 ft/12 in)
5
+ (1 - 7.750 ft)
5
x ( 1 - 1 ))]
-1
20 21.00 ft 21.00 ft 7897. 2.221e+04
3.605e+06 psi x 2.221e+04 in
4
3.605e+06 psi
= 9.245e+10 in
2
-lb/ft x 1 ft
2
/144 in
2
x 0.001 k/lb = 6.420e+05 ft-k
3. Column Stiffness
E = 57000 x %(fc) = 57000 x %(4000 psi) = 3.605e+06 psi
L
column
= distance from top of the floor to top of wall + t
roof pad
- t
drop
-t
column footing

= 31.00 ft + (0.5000 in - 7.500 in - 15.00 in)/12 in/ft
= 29.17 ft
I
gross
= B/4 x (d
column
/2)
4
= B/4 x (24.00/2)
4
= 1.629e+04 in
4
K
column
= 4 x E x I
gross
/L
column
= 4 x 3.605e+06 psi x 1.629e+04 in
4

29.17 ft x (12 in/ft)
2
x 1000 lb/k
= 5.592e+04 ft-k
K
ec
= (K
column
-1
+ K
t
-1
)
-1
= ((5.592e+04 ft-k)
-1
+ (6.420e+05 ft-k)
-1
)
-1
= 5.144e+04 ft-k
alpha
ec
= K
ec
/K
slab
= (5.144e+04)/(1.730e+05) = 0.2972
B. Column Loads
Length designations are as follows:
L
n
= longer clear span in direction moments are being determined
L
2
= transverse span
L
n
'= shorter clear span in direction moments are being determined
L
2
'= shorter transverse span
r = radius of gyration
= 0.25 x d
column

The column will be assumed to be braced against sidesway. Under seismic loading, the
roof-wall shear connection allows 0.1250 in of movement in any direction which will be
treated as an initial displacement of the column-roof joint. All moments caused by
seismic loading would logically be multiplied by delta
s
and all static moments would be
multiplied by delta
b
(ACI 318-95, EQ. (10-9)). However, due to the small magnitude of
the lateral deflection (0.1250 in) and for simplicity, all calculated moments will be
conservatively magnified by delta
b
.
k = 1.00 (assuming a braced frame)
for interior columns,
A
bay
= L
i,max
2
for exterior columns,
A
bay
= L
i,max
x (L
e
+ L
i,max
)/2
Slenderness = k x L
column
/r
Since Slenderness > 22, moment magnification will be calculated for each case.
Since Slenderness < 100, approximate methods may be used to evaluate slenderness
effects (ACI 318-95, Sect. (10.11.5)).
column weight = B x (d
column
/2)
2
x L
column
x 150.0 pcf
column weight + drop panel weight = column weight + [(L
drop
)
2
x t
drop
x 150.00 pcf]
TABLE 4. Column Design Variables Consistent for All Load Cases
exterior exterior
column at column at
interior longest shortest
column end span end span
L
n
(ft) 19.23 19.23 19.23
L
2
(ft) 21.00 21.00 21.00
L
n
' (ft) 19.23 11.92 6.773
L
2
' (ft) 21.00 21.00 21.00
d
column
(in) 24.00 24.00 24.00
r
gyration
(in) 6.000 6.000 6.000
k 1.000 1.000 1.000
L
i,max
(ft) 21.00 21.00 21.00
L
e
(ft) 0 12.81 7.659
A
bay
(ft
2
) 441.0 355.0 300.9
L
column
(ft) 29.17 29.17 29.17
sl ender ness 58. 33 58. 33 58. 33
column weight (lbs) 1.374e+04 1.374e+04 1.374e+04
column + drop (lbs) 1.938+04 1.938e+04 1.938e+04
Dead load:
DL = distributed dead load on column
For soil and gravel treated as Live Loads,
DL = roof weight + other dead load
For soil and gravel treated as Dead Loads,
DL = roof weight + other dead load + soil dead load + gravel dead load
Live load:
LL = distributed live load on column
For soil and gravel treated as Live Loads,
LL = live loads + soil live load + gravel live load
For soil and gravel treated as Dead Loads,
LL = live loads
Earthquake load - for SEISMIC cases only:
EL = distributed earthquake load on column
= v
o
x DL
Factored loads:
for static cases,
W
d
= 1.3 x 1.4 x DL
W
L
= 1.3 x 1.7 x LL
for seismic cases,
W
d
= 1.3 x 1.05 x DL
W
L
= 1.3 x 1.28 x LL + 1.3 x 1.40 x EL
Axial load on column:
for static cases,
P
u
= ((W
d
+ W
L
)/1.3) x A
bay
+ 1.4 x (column weight + drop panel) + VL1
for seismic cases,
P
u
= ((W
d
+ W
L
)/1.3)x A
bay
+(1.05 + 1.40 x v
o
)x(column weight + drop panel)+ VL1
P
u
//0 = P
u
/0.7500
Flexural load on column:
Since columns form part of two or more intersecting lateral-force-resisting
systems, the effects of the two orthogonal direction moments (M
2b,x,
and M
2b,y
)will
be combined using the square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS) method.
Conservatively we will assume that the moments generated on the columns by the
gravity loads and moment magnifiers are the same in both directions.
M
2b,x
= ADOSS (See Appendix)
M
2b,min
= 1.3 x Pu (0.6 + 0.03 x d
column
) / 12.00 in/ft ACI 318-95, Eq. (10-15)
M
2b
= /(M
2b,x
2
+ M
2b,y
2
)
wher e M
2b, x
= M
2b, y
= maxi mumval ue f r omM
2b, x1
, M
2b, x2
, and M
2b, mi n
Assuming both ends of the columns are constrained against rotation, the moment
due to the imposed deflection during seismic loading will be calculated using
load factors from ACI 318-95, Sect. (9.2): (1.1 x 1.7 x 0.75 = 1.4), and ACI
350R-95, Sect. (2.6.5a):(1.30)
M
d
= 1.3 x 1.4 x 12 x E x I x delta x L
column
= 1.3 x 1.4 x 6 x E x I x delta

2 x L
column
3
L
column
2
M
i
= Moment caused by the inertia of the column in an earthquake assuming both
ends of the column are constrained against rotation.

= 1.3 x 1.4 x column weight x L
column
x u
o
/12
The force caused by the water accelerating against the column in an earthquake
will be calculated based on Reference 10.
M
w
= Moment caused by the water accelerating against the column in an earthquake
assuming both ends of the column are constrained against rotation (see
Reference 10).
= 1.3 x 1.4 x mass of displaced fluid x L
column
x u
o
/12
= M
i
x gamma
fluid
/gamma
concrete
= M
i
x 62.50/150.0
Moment Magnification:
C
m
= 1.0 (conservative - assumes equal and opposite end moments)
B
d
= ratio of maximum factored axial dead load to maximum total factored axial
load
Since the critical load of a column will be reduced due to creep and sustained loads,
the factor B
d
will be calculated based on gravity loads which effect the column
during static load conditions. While calculation of a separate B
d
could be done for
seismic cases, the resulting critical load of the column would be artificially
inflated due to the reduced load factor for dead load in the seismic cases.
Therefore, calculation of B
d
based on static loads only will provide an acceptably
conservative result for the critical load of the column.
(W
d
x A
bay
)/1.3 + 1.4 x column weight + drop panel
B
d
=

P
u
(E x I
gross
) ACI 318-95, EQ. (10-13)
EI =

2.5 x (1 + B
d
)
P
c
= (B
2
x EI)/(k x L
column
)
2
ACI 318-95, EQ. (10-11)
C
m
ACI 318-95, EQ. (10-10)
delta
b
=

1 - P
u
//0P
c
M
c
= delta
b
x (M
2b
+ M
d
+ M
i
+ M
w
)
Eccentricity:
e
min
= 0.6 + 0.03 x d
column
e = M
c
/P
u
if e < e
min
, e = e
min
Variables for STATIC condition
exterior exterior
column at column at
DL (psf) 250.0 250.0 250.0
LL (psf) 150.0 150.0 150.0
EL (psf) 0 0 0
W
d
(psf) 455.0 455.0 455.0
W
L
(psf) 331.5 331.5 331.5
P
u
(k) 364.7 312.6 279.9
P
u
//0 (k) 486.2 416.8 373.2
alpha
ec
0.2972 0.2972 0.2972
M
2b,x
(ADOSS)(ft-k) 74.50 68.30 57.00
M
2b,min
(ft-k) 52.15 44.70 40.03
M
2b
105.4 96.59 80.61
E (psi) 3.605e+06 3.605e+06 3.605e+06
I (in
4
) 1.629e+04 1.629e+04 1.629e+04
delta (in) 0 0 0
M
d
(ft-k) 0 0 0
M
i
(ft-k) 0 0 0
M
w
(ft-k) 0 0 0
C
m
1.000 1.000 1.000
B
d
0.4977 0.4843 04733
EI (lb-in
2
) 1.568e+10 1.582e+10 1.594e+10
P
c
(kips) 1263. 1275. 1284.
delta
b
1.626 1.486 1.410
M
c
(ft-k) 171.3 143.5 113.6
e (in) 5.636 5.509 4.871
Variables for SEISMIC condition
exterior exterior
column at column at
DL (psf) 250.0 250.0 250.0
LL (psf) 150.0 150.0 150.0
EL (psf) 85.54 85.54 85.54
W
d
(psf) 341.3 341.3 341.3
W
L
(psf) 405.3 405.3 405.3
P
u
(k) 350.9 301.6 270.5
P
u
//0 (k) 467.9 402.1 360.7
alpha
ec
0.2972 0.2972 0.2972
M
2b,x
(ADOSS)(ft-k) 56.20 54.30 44.00
M
2b,min
(ft-k) 50.19 43.13 38.69
M
2b
79.48 76.79 62.23
E (psi) 3.605e+06 3.605e+06 3.605e+06
I (in
4
) 1.629e+04 1.629e+04 1.629e+04
delta (in) 0.1250 0.1250 0.1250
M
d
(ft-k) 54.52 54.52 54.52
M
i
(ft-k) 14.86 14.86 14.86
M
w
(ft-k) 6.191 6.191 6.191
C
m
1.000 1.000 1.000
B
d
0.4977 0.4843 0.4733
EI (lb-in
2
) 1.568e+10 1.582e+10 1.594e+10
P
c
(kips) 1263. 1275. 1284.
delta
b
1.588 1.461 1.390
M
c
(ft-k) 246.3 222.6 191.6
e (in) 8.420 8.856 8.500
After time, all of the soil will be considered dead load. The columns were analyzed for
this additional load case, where 200.0 psf dead load and 50.00 psf live load were used.
Variables for STATIC condition
exterior exterior
column at column at
DL (psf) 350.0 350.0 350.0
LL (psf) 50.00 50.00 50.00
EL (psf) 0 0 0
W
d
(psf) 637.0 637.0 637.0
W
L
(psf) 110.5 110.5 110.5
P
u
(k) 351.5 302.0 270.9
P
u
//0 (k) 468.6 402.7 361.2
alpha
ec
0.2972 0.2972 0.2972
M
2b,x
(ADOSS)(ft-k) 74.50 68.30 57.00
M
2b,min
(ft-k) 50.26 43.19 38.74
M
2b
105.4 96.59 80.61
E (psi) 3.605e+06 3.605e+06 3.605e+06
I (in
4
) 1.629e+04 1.629e+04 1.629e+04
delta (in) 0 0 0
M
d
(ft-k) 0 0 0
M
i
(ft-k) 0 0 0
M
w
(ft-k) 0 0 0
C
m
1.000 1.000 1.000
B
d
0.6921 0.6659 0.6445
EI (lb-in
2
) 1.388e+10 1.410e+10 1.428e+10
P
c
(kips) 1118. 1136. 1151.
delta
b
1.721 1.549 1.458
M
c
(ft-k) 181.4 149.6 117.5
e (in) 6.193 5.946 5.205
Variables for SEISMIC condition
exterior exterior
column at column at
DL (psf) 350.0 350.0 350.0
LL (psf) 50.00 50.00 50.00
EL (psf) 85.54 85.54 85.54
W
d
(psf) 477.8 477.8 477.8
W
L
(psf) 238.9 238.9 238.9
P
u
(k) 340.9 293.4 263.6
P
u
//0 (k) 454.5 391.3 351.5
alpha
ec
0.2972 0.2972 0.2972
M
2b,x
(ADOSS)(ft-k) 56.20 54.30 44.00
M
2b,min
(ft-k) 48.73 41.95 37.69
M
2b
79.48 76.79 62.23
E (psi) 3.605e+06 3.605e+06 3.605e+06
I (in
4
) 1.629e+04 1.629e+04 1.629e+04
delta (in) 0.1250 0.1250 0.1250
M
d
(ft-k) 54.52 54.52 54.52
M
i
(ft-k) 14.86 14.86 14.86
M
w
(ft-k) 6.191 6.191 6.191
C
m
1.000 1.000 1.000
B
d
0.6921 0.6659 0.6445
EI (lb-in
2
) 1.388e+10 1.410e+10 1.428e+10
P
c
(kips) 1118. 1136. 1151.
delta
b
1.721 1.549 1.458
M
c
(ft-k) 266.8 236.0 200.9
e (in) 9.393 9.653 9.146
C. Column Reinforcing
The column reinforcing will be assumed as follows:
vertical reinforcing = 10 - #8 bars
A
bar
= 0.7900 sqin
d
bar
= 1.000 in
A
s
= 10 bars x 0.7900 sqin/bar = 7.900 sqin
cover over spiral reinforcing = 2.000 in
cover over vertical reinforcing = 2.000 + 0.5000 in = 2.500 in
spiral reinforcing = #4 bars
spiral pitch = 3.000 in
Depth to reinforcing from compression edge of column:
d1 = d
column
/2 + (d
column
/2 - cover - d
bar
/2) x sin(72)
= (24.00in)/2 + ((24.00in/2) - 2.500in - (1.000in/2)) x sin(72) = 20.56 in
d2 = d
column
/2 + (d
column
/2 - cover - d
bar
/2) x sin(36)
= (24.00in)/2 + ((24.00in/2) - 2.500in - (1.000in/2)) x sin(36) = 17.29 in
d3 = d
column
/2 = (24.00 in)/2 = 12.00 in
d4 = d
column
- d2 = 24.00 in - 17.29 in = 6.710 in
d5 = d
column
- d1 = 24.00 in - 20.56 in = 3.440 in
1. Check Minimum and Maximum Reinforcing Ratios
A
g
= B x (d
column
/2)
2
= B x (24.00 in/2)
2
= 452.4 sqin
rho
min
= 0.01 ACI 318-95, Sect. (10.9.1)
As
min
= 0.01 x A
g
= 0.01 x 452.4 sqin = 4.524 sqin
rho
max
= 0.08 ACI 318-95, Sect. (10.9.1)
As
max
= 0.08 x A
g
= 0.08 x 452.4 sqin = 36.19 sqin
As
min
< A
s
< As
max
2. Calculation of /0P
n(max)
/0P
n(max)
= /0 x 0.85 x [0.85 x f'c x (A
g
- A
s
) + fy x A
s
]
/0 = 0.7500
/0P
n(max)
= 0.7500 x 0.85 x [0.85 x 4000 psi x (452.4 - [10 bars x 0.7900 sqin/bar])
+ 60000 psi x 10 bars x 0.7900 sqin/bar] x 0.001 k/lb
= 1266. k
ADOPT: /0P
n(max)
= 1266. k
3. Calculation of e
1
In the following calculations, the strain will be set equal to the yield strain for
any bar which has been strained beyond the yield point.
Assuming the neutral axis (NA
1
) is 24.08 in from the compression face of the column
and the crushing strain in the concrete is 0.003000:
S
y
= 0.002069
S
s1
= (d1 - NA
1
)/NA
1
x 0.003000
= (20.56 in - 24.08 in)/24.08 in x 0.003000 = -0.0004385
S
s2
= (d2 - NA
1
)/NA
1
x 0.003000
= (17.29 in - 24.08 in)/24.08 in x 0.003000 = -0.0008459
S
s3
= (d3 - NA
1
)/NA
1
x 0.003000
= (12.00 in - 24.08 in)/24.08 in x 0.003000 = -0.001505
S
s4
= (d4 - NA
1
)/NA
1
x 0.003000
= (6.710 in - 24.08 in)/24.08 in x 0.003000 < -S
y
therefore, S
s4
= -S
y
S
s5
= (d5 - NA
1
)/NA
1
x 0.003000
= (3.440 in - 24.08 in)/24.08 in x 0.003000 < -S
y
therefore, S
s5
= -S
y
Forces in the vertical reinforcing:
F
s1
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s1
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.0004385 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -20.09 k
F
s2
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s2
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.0008459 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -38.76 k
F
s3
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s3
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.001505 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -68.96 k
F
s4
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s4
x Es
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -94.80 k
F
s5
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s5
x Es
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -94.80 k
Compression force in the concrete:
A
c,1
= A
g
- d
column
2
x (-0 - sin-0) - 10 x A
bar

8
-0 = 2 x cos
-1
( a - d
column
/2 )

____________
d
column
/2
a = Beta
1
x NA
1
= 0.8500 x 24.08 in = 20.47 in
-0 = 2 x cos
-1
(20.47 - 24.00/2) = 1.574 rad
24.00/2
A
c,1
= 452.4 sqin - 24.00
2
x [1.574 - sin(1.574)] - 10 x 0.7900 = 403.2 sqin
8
C
c,1
= 0.85 x f'c x A
c
= 0.85 x 4000 psi x 403.2 sqin x 0.001 k/lb = 1371. k
X
c,1
= distance from column centerline to centroid of A
c,1
= (d
column
x sin(-0/2))
3
/12 - X
s,1
x A
bar
A
c,1
where, X
s,1
= sum of moment arms for reinforcing in compression
= 0.0000 in
X
c,1
= (24.00 in x sin(1.574/2))
3
/12 - 0.0000 in x 0.7900 sqin = 1.015 in
403.2 sqin
Nominal moment capacity of the column:
M
n,1
= C
c,1
x X
c,1
+ F
s1
x (d1 - d
column
/2) + F
s2
x (d2 - d
column
/2) + F
s3
x
(d3 - d
column
/2) + F
s4
x (d4 - d
column
/2) + F
s5
x (d5 - d
column
/2)
= 1371. k x 1.015 in + -20.09 k x (20.56 in - 24.00 in/2) + -38.76 k x
(17.29 in - 24.00 in/2) + -94.80 k x (6.710 in - 24.00 in/2) + -94.80 k
x (3.440 in - 24.00 in/2)
= 2327. in-k
/0M
n,1
= 0.7500 x 2327. in-k x 1 ft/12 in = 145.4 ft-k
Check axial capacity:
from statics, /0P
n(max)
= /0P
n
where,
/0P
n
= /0 x (C
c,1
- F
s1
- F
s2
- F
s3
- F
s4
- F
s5
)
= 0.7500 x (1371. k - -20.09 k - -38.76 k - -68.96 k - -94.80 k - -94.80 k)
= 1266. k
1266. k . 1266. k therefore, O.K.
e
1
= /0M
n,1
//0P
n(max)
= 0.7500 x 2327. in-k/1266. k = 1.379 in
ADOPT: e
1
= 1.379 in
4. Calculation of e
b
Neutral Axis location for balanced condition (NA
b
):
NA
b
= 0.003000 x d1 = 0.003000 x 20.56 in = 12.17 in
0.003000 + S
y
0.003000 + 0.002069
Strain in reinforcing bars:
S
y
= 0.002069
S
s1
= (d1 - NA
b
)/NA
b
x 0.003000
= (20.56 in - 12.17 in)/12.17 in x 0.003000 < S
y
therefore, S
s1
= S
y
S
s2
= (d2 - NA
b
)/NA
b
x 0.003000
= (17.29 in - 12.17 in)/12.17 in x 0.003000 = 0.001262
S
s3
= (d3 - NA
b
)/NA
b
x 0.003000
= (12.00 in - 12.17 in)/12.17 in x 0.003000 = -0.00004191
S
s4
= (d4 - NA
b
)/NA
b
x 0.003000
= (6.710 in - 12.17 in)/12.17 in x 0.003000 = -0.001346
S
s5
= (d5 - NA
b
)/NA
b
x 0.003000
= (3.440 in - 12.17 in)/12.17 in x 0.003000 < -S
y
therefore, S
s5
= -S
y
F
s1
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s1
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x 0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = 94.80 k
F
s2
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s2
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x 0.001262 x 2.900e+04 ksi = 57.83 k
F
s3
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s3
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.00004191 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -1.920 k
F
s4
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s4
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.001346 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -61.67 k
F
s5
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s5
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -94.80 k
A
c,b
= d
column
2
x (-0 - sin-0) - 6 x A
bar

8
-0 = 2 x cos
-1
( d
column
/2 - a )

____________
d
column
/2
a = Beta
1
x NA
b
= 0.8500 x 12.17 in = 10.34 in
-0 = 2 x cos
-1
(24.00/2 - 10.34) = 2.864 rad
24.00/2
A
c,b
= 24.00
2
x [2.864 - sin(2.864)] - 6 x 0.7900 = 181.7 sqin
8
C
c,b
= 0.85 x f'c x A
c,b
= 0.85 x 4000 psi x 181.7 sqin x 0.001 k/lb = 617.8 k
X
c,b
c
= (d
column
x sin(-0/2))
3
/12 - X
s,b
x A
bar

A
c,b
where, X
s,b
= 6 x d
column
/2 - 2 x d3 - 2 x d4 - 2 x d5
= 6 x 24.00in/2 - 2 x 12.00in - 2 x 6.710in - 2 x 3.440in = 27.70 in
X
c,b
= (24.00 in x sin(2.864/2))
3
/12 - 27.70 in x 0.7900 sqin = 6.039 in
181.7 sqin
Nominal moment capacity of column:
M
n,b
= C
c,b
x X
c,b
+F
s1
x (d1-d
column
/2)+F
s2
x (d2-d
column
/2)+F
s3
x (d3-d
column
/2)
+ F
s4
x (d4 - d
column
/2) + F
s5
x (d5 - d
column
/2)
= 617.8 k x 6.039 in + 94.80 k x (20.56 in - 24.00 in/2) + 57.83 k x
(17.29 in - 24.00 in/2) + [-61.67 k x (6.710 in - 24.00 in/2)] +
[-94.80 k x (3.440 in - 24.00 in/2)]
= 5986. in-k
/0M
n,b
= 0.7500 x 5986. in-k x 1 ft/12 in = 374.1 ft-k
Nominal axial capacity of column:
/0P
n,b
= /0 x (C
c,b
- F
s1
- F
s2
- F
s3
- F
s4
- F
s5
)
= 0.7500 x (617.8 k - 94.80 k - 57.83 k - -1.920 k - -61.67 k - -94.80 k)
= 467.7 k
e
b
= /0M
n,b
//0P
n,b
= (0.7500 x 5986. in-k)/467.7 k = 9.599 in
ADOPT: e
b
= 9.599 in
5. Calculation of /0M
o
Assume the neutral axis (NA
o
) is 6.089 in from the compression face of the column and
the crushing strain in the concrete is 0.003000.
S
y
= 0.002069
S
s1
= (d1 - NA
o
)/NA
o
x 0.003000
= (20.56 in - 6.089 in)/6.089 in x 0.003000 > S
y
therefore, S
s1
= S
y
S
s2
= (d2 - NA
o
)/NA
o
x 0.003000
= (17.29 in - 6.089 in)/6.089 in x 0.003000 > S
y
therefore, S
s2
= S
y
S
s3
= (d3 - NA
o
)/NA
o
x 0.003000
= (12.00 in - 6.089 in)/6.089 in x 0.003000 > S
y
therefore, S
s3
= S
y
S
s4
= (d4 - NA
o
)/NA
o
x 0.003000
= (6.710 in - 6.089 in)/6.089 in x 0.003000 = 0.0003060
S
s5
= (d5 - NA
o
)/NA
o
x 0.003000
= (3.440 in - 6.089 in)/6.089 in x 0.003000 = -0.001305
F
s1
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s1
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x 0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = 94.80 k
F
s2
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s2
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x 0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = 94.80 k
F
s3
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s3
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x 0.002069 x 2.900e+04 ksi = 94.80 k
F
s4
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s4
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x 0.0003060 x 2.900e+04 ksi = 14.02 k
F
s5
= 2 x A
bar
x S
s5
x E
s
= 2 x 0.7900 in
2
x -0.001305 x 2.900e+04 ksi = -59.80 k
A
c,o
= d
column
2
x (-0 - sin-0) - 2 x A
bar

8
-0 = 2 x cos
-1
( d
column
/2 - a )

____________
d
column
/2
a = Beta
1
x NA
o
= 0.8500 x 6.089 in = 5.176 in
-0 = 2 x cos
-1
(24.00/2 - 5.176) = 1.932 rad
24.00/2
A
c,o
= 24.00
2
x [1.932 - sin(1.932)] - 2 x 0.7900 = 70.17 sqin
8
C
c,o
= 0.85 x f'c x A
c,o
= 0.85 x 4000 psi x 70.17 sqin x 0.001 k/lb = 238.6 k
X
c,o
c,o
= (d
column
x sin(-0/2))
3
/12 - X
s,o
x A
bar

A
c,o
where, X
s,o
= 2 x d
column
/2 - 2 x d
5
= 2 x 24.00/2 - 2 x 3.440 = 17.12 in
X
c,o
= (24.00 in x sin(1.932/2))
3
/12 - 17.12 in x 0.7900 sqin = 8.946 in
70.17 sqin
Nominal moment capacity of the column:
M
o
= C
c,o
x X
c,o
+ F
s1
x (d1 - d
column
/2) + F
s2
x (d2 - d
column
/2) +
F
s3
x (d3 - d
column
/2) + F
s4
x (d4 - d
column
/2) + F
s5
x (d5 - d
column
/2)
= 238.6 k x 8.946 in + 94.80 k x (20.56 in - 24.00 in/2) + 94.80 k x
(17.29 in - 24.00 in/2) + 14.02 k x (6.710 in - 24.00 in/2) + -59.80 k x
(3.440 in - 24.00 in/2)
= 3885. in-k
/0M
o
= 0.7500 x 3885. in-k x 1 ft/12 in = 242.8 ft-k
Check axial capacity:
from statics, P
n
= 0
where,
P
n
= C
c,o
- F
s1
- F
s2
- F
s3
- F
s4
- F
s5
= 238.6 k - 94.80 k - 94.80 k - 94.80 k - 14.02 k - -59.80 k
= -0.02000 k
-0.02000 k . 0 therefore, O.K.
ADOPT: /0M
o
= 242.8 ft-k
6. Summary of Vertical Reinforcing
By plotting the four points calculated above and connecting them, a conservative
interaction diagram for the column can be created. All of the load cases can then
be plotted on the interaction diagram, and all fall within the acceptable range for
the column.
ADOPT: 10 - #8 vertical bars with 2.000" cover to 4 spirals.
7. Splice and Development Lengths for Vertical Reinforcing
For splices in the vertical reinforcing (see Design Drawings for locations), the
minimum length as required by ACI 318-95 is as follows:
Tension:
L
d
= 3 x d
b
x fy x " x $ x 8 x m ACI 318-95, Sect (12.2.3)

40 x %(f'c) x (c + K
tr
/d
b
)
= 3 x 1.000 in x 60000 psi = 28.46 in
40 x %(4000) psi x 2.5
where, " = reinforcement location factor ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.2.4)
= 1.000
$ = coating factor ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.2.4)
= 1.000
8 = lightweight aggregate concrete factor ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.2.4)
= 1.000
m = reinforcement size factor ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.2.4)
= 1.000
(c + K
tr
)/d
b)
= 2.5 (conservative)
Class B Splice Length = L
splice
= 1.3 x 28.46 in = 37.00 in ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.15)

Compression:
L
splice
= 0.0005 x d
b
x fy ACI 318-95,Sect.(12.16.1)
= 0.0005 x 1.000 in x 60000 psi = 30.00 in
Since the splice length for tension is greater than that for compression,
ADOPT: L
splice
= 42.00 in
The development length of the vertical reinforcing in the footing can be calculated
as follows:
Tension (standard hook):
L
dh
= 0.7000
*
x 0.8000
**
x L
hb
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.5.1)
where, L
hb
= 1200 x d
b
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.5.2)
_________

%(f'c)
= 1200 x 1.000 in = 20.28 in
%(3500 psi)
*
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.5.3.2)
**
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.5.3.3)
L
dh
= 0.7000 x 0.8000 x 20.28 in = 11.36 in
Compression (deformed bar):
L
dh
= 0.7500
***
x L
db
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.3.1)
where, L
db
= 0.02 x d
b
x f
y
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.3.2)

______________
%(f'c)
= 0.02 x 1.000 in x 60000 psi = 20.28 in
%(3500 psi)
***
ACI 318-95, Sect. (12.3.3.2)
L
dh
= 0.7500 x 20.28 in = 15.21 in
ADOPT: L
development
= 15.21 in
8. Spiral Reinforcing Design
rho
s
= 0.45 x (A
g
/A
c
- 1) x f'c/fy ACI 318-95, EQ. (10-5)
where, A
g
= gross area of column
= B x (d
column
/2)
2
= B x (24.00/2 in)
2
= 452.4 sqin
A
c
= area of core of column to O.D. of spirals
= B x (d
column
/2 - spiral cover)
2
= B x (24.00 in/2 - 2.000 in)
2
= 314.2 sqin
rho
s
= 0.45 x (452.4 sqin/314.2 sqin - 1) x 3500 psi/60000 psi = 0.01320
where, rho
s
= ratio of spiral volume to core volume
where,
spiral volume = V
s
= 0.20 sqin x B x (d
column
- 2 x spiral cover - d
spiral
)/pitch
= 0.2 x B x(24.00 - 2 x 2.00 - 0.5000)/pitch = 12.25/pitch in
3
/in
core volume = 314.2 in
3
/in
rho
s
= 12.25 = 0.01320
314.2 x pitch
pitch = 12.25 = 2.955 in
314.2 x 0.01320
The minimum and maximum clear spacing of spiral reinforcing are given in the ACI 318-95,
Sect. (7.10.4.3). These spacings correspond to pitches of 1.500 inches and 3.500 inches
respectively.
The minimum lap splice in spiral reinforcing is 48d
spiral
(ACI 318-95, Sect. (7.10.4.5)).
Conservatively, one full revolution will be provided for all laps.
ADOPT: 0.5000"/0 spirals at 3.000" pitch with 1 full revolution lap length
D. Column Moment Transfer
In accordance with ACI 318-95, Sect. (11.12.6) and (13.3.3), a portion of the moment in
the column will be transferred to the roof slab through eccentricity of shear and a
portion will be transferred through flexure.
Moment transferred through eccentricity of shear:
gamma
v
= 1 - 1 ACI 318-95, EQ. (11-41)
1 + (2/3) x %(b
1
/b
2
)
where, b
1
= b
2
= h
column
gamma
v
= 1 - 1 = 0.4
1 + 2/3
M
v
= gamma
v
x M
c,max
/ 1.3
where,M
c,max
= maximum calculated moment in column
1.3 = Environmental Durability Load Factor which is not required for shear
M
v
= (0.4 x 266.8 ft-k) / 1.3 = 82.09 ft-k
The stress at the joint was calculated with the following procedure, as outlined in
Reference 4:
V
u
M
v
x X Ref. 4, EQ. (17.11.3)
v
1,2
=
+

A
c
J
c
where,V
u
= 338.9 k (see Flat Slab Design)
A
c
= vertical shear area bounded by imaginary lines drawn a distance d/2 from
each face of the column
= B x (d
column
+ d
f
) x d
f
where, d = 16.19 in (column strip - top reinforcing)
A
c
= B x (24.00 in + 16.19 in) x 16.19 in = 2044. sqin
X = (d
column
+ d)/2 = (24.00 in + 16.19 in)/2 = 20.09 in
J
c
= section property analogous to the polar moment of inertia about the
z-z axis (perpendicular to the column at the centroid of the shear
area)
= B x [d x (d
column
+ d)
3
/8 + d
f
3
x (d
column
+ d) / 12]
= B x [16.19in x (24.00in + 16.19in)
3
/8 + (16.19in)
3
x (24.00in + 16.19in)/12]
= 4.572e+05 in
4
v
1
= 338.9 k x 1000 lb/k + 82.09 ft-k x 1000 lb/k x 12 in/ft x 20.09 in

= 209.1 psi
2044. sqin 4.572e+05 in
4
v
2
= 338.9 k x 1000 lb/k - 82.09 ft-k x 1000 lb/k x 12 in/ft x 20.09 in = 122.5 psi

2044. sqin 4.572e+05 in
4
Neglecting shear reinforcing,
/0V
c
= /0 x 4 x %(f'c) = 0.8500 x 4 x %(4000 psi) = 215.0 psi > v
1
therefore, O.K.
Moment transferred through flexure:
gamma
f
= 1 ACI 318-95, EQ. (13-1)
1 + (2/3) x %(b
1
/b
2
)
where, b
1
= b
2
= h
column
gamma
f
= 1 = 0.6
1 + 2/3
M
f
= gamma
f
x M
c,max
where, M
c,max
= maximum calculated moment in column
M
f
= 0.6 x 266.8 = 160.1 ft-k
Assuming the roof reinforcing is at equal spacing, the capacity of the effective slab width
can be determined by scaling the flexural capacity obtained in the FLAT SLAB DESIGN by the
effective slab width.
/0M
n,effective
= capacity of effective slab width
= b
effective
x flexural capacity of strip/w
strip
where, b
effective
= h
column
+ 3 x (t
roof
+ t
drop
)
= 21.27 in + 3 x (12.00 in + 7.500 in)
= 79.77 in
flexural capacity of strip = 812.6 ft-k
w
strip
= 126.0 in (from FLAT SLAB DESIGN)
/0M
n,effective
= (79.77 in x 812.6 ft-k)/126.0 in
= 514.4 ft-k
Capacity > M
f
therefore, O.K.
E. Column Footing Design
1. Minimum Thickness
The mi ni mumt hi ckness of t he col umn f oot i ng i s gover ned by t he devel opment l engt h of
t he ver t i cal r ei nf or ci ng i n t he col umn f oot i ng.
L
devel opment
= 15. 21 i n
Si nce t he col umn f oot i ng wi l l be pl aced i n a r ecess i n t he f l oor sl ab and t he col umn
wi l l be pl aced i n a r ecess i n t he col umn f oot i ng, t he t hi ckness of t he f oot i ng must
be adj ust ed i n or der t o pr ovi de t he above ment i oned devel opment l engt h.
t
f oot i ng
= L
devel opment
- f l oor r ecess + f oot i ng r ecess
= 15. 21 i n - 2. 000 i n + 1. 000 i n = 14. 21 i n
ADOPT: 15.00 in thick footing
2. Loads on Footing
Dead Load:
DL = r oof dead l oad x A
bay
+ col umn buoyant wei ght + dr op panel wei ght
wher e,
col umn buoyant wei ght = 1. 378e+04 l bs x ( 150. 0 pcf - 62. 50 pcf )
150. 0 pcf
= 8040. l bs
Dr op panel wei ght = ( 7. 750 f t x 7. 750 f t x 7. 500 i n/ 12) x 150. 0 pcf
= 5631. l bs
DL = ( 250. 0 psf x 441. 0 sf + 8040. l bs + 5631. l bs) x 0. 001 k/ l b = 123. 9 k
Li ve Load:
LL = r oof l i ve l oad x A
bay
+ VL1 = ( ( 150. 0
**
psf x 441. 0 psf ) + 7. 072e+04 l bs)
x 0. 001 k/ l b

= 136. 9 k
EL = DL x v
o
= 123. 9 k x 0. 2444 g = 30. 29 k
**
see Fl at Sl ab Desi gn
3. Unfactored Service Loads
P
ser vi ce, st at i c
= DL + LL = 123. 9 k + 136. 9 k = 260. 8 k
P
ser vi ce, sei smi c
= DL + LL + EL = 123. 9 k + 136. 9 k + 30. 29 k = 291. 1 k
4. Soil Bearing Capacity
q
g,static
= maximum static gross soil bearing pressure
= 6000. psf
q
g,seismic
= maximum seismic gross soil bearing pressure
= q
g,static
x 1.333
= 6000 psf x 1.333
= 7998. psf
q
a
= q
g
- (t
floor
+ t
footing
) x 150 pcf - (h
water
- t
footing
) x gamma
fluid
where, t
floor
= 6.000 in
t
footing
= 15.00 in
h
water
= 30.00 ft
q
a,static
= 6000.psf-(6.000in + 15.00in) x 150.0pcf - (30.00ft - 15.00in/12)x 62.50pcf
12 in/ft
= 3941. psf
q
a,seismic
= 7998.psf-(6.000in + 15.00in) x 150.0pcf - (30.00ft - 15.00in/12)x 62.50pcf
12 in/ft
= 5939. psf
5. Size of Footing
A
footing,static
= P
service,static

q
a,static
= 260.8 k x 1000 lbs/k = 66.18 sqft
3941. psf
L
footing,static
= %(A
footing,static
)
= %(66.18 sqft) x 12 in/ft = 97.62 in
A
footing,seismic
= P
service,seismic

q
a,seismic
= 291.1 k x 1000 lbs/k = 49.02 sqft
5939. psf
L
footing,seismic
= %(A
footing,seismic
)
= %(49.02 sqft) x 12 in/ft = 84.02 in
ADOPT: L
footing
= 99.00 in
6. Factored Loads
The required capacity of the footing will be calculated in accordance with ACI 318-
95, Section 9.2.
Pu1 = 1.40 x DL + 1.70 x LL
Pu2 = 1.05 x DL + 1.28 x LL + 1.4 x EL
Pu3 = 0.90 x DL + 1.43 x EL
Pu1 = 1.40 x 123.9 k + 1.70 x 136.9 k = 406.2 k
Pu2 = 1.05 x 123.9 k + 1.28 x 136.9 k + 1.4 x 30.29 k = 347.7 k
Pu3 = 0.90 x 123.9 k + 1.43 x 30.29 k = 154.8 k
ADOPT: Pu = 406.2 k
Mu = 1.3 x applied soil pressure x L
footing
x ((L
footing
- h
column
)/2)
2
/2
where, 1.3 = Sanitary Durability Factor
applied soil pressure = Pu/L
footing
2
= 406.2 k x 1000 lb/k x (12 in/ft)
2

(99.00 in)
2
= 5968. psf
Mu = 1.3 x 5968. psf x 99.00 in x (99.00 in - 21.27 in)
2
x 0.001 k/lb

8 x (12 in/ft)
3
= 335.7 ft-k
7. Shear Requirements
The shear strength in wide-beam and two-way actions will be investigated.
MECHANISM: A straight potential failure surface conservatively located at the face
of the equivalent square column.
V
u,straight
= shear force on potential failure surface
= Pu x (L
footing
- h
column
)/2
L
footing
= 406.2 k x (99.00 in - 21.27 in)/2
99.00 in
= 159.5 k
v
u,straight
= shear stress on potential failure surface
= V
u,straight
L
footing
x d
where, d = depth to footing tensile reinforcing (floor reinforcing)
= t
footing
+ cover + d
bar
/2
= 15.00 in + 2.000 in + 0.6250 in/2
= 17.31 in
v
u,straight
= 159.5 k x 1000 lbs/k
99.00 in x 17.31 in
= 93.04 psi
v
c,straight
= 2 x %(f'c
floor
)
= 2 x %(3500 psi)
= 118.3 psi
/0v
c,straight
= 0.8500 x 118.3 psi = 100.6 psi
100.6 psi > 93.04 psi therefore, O.K.
MECHANISM: A round potential failure surface located a distance h
column
/2 from the face
of the equivalent square column.
V
u,circle
= shear force on potential failure surface
= Pu x (L
footing
2
- [B x (d
column
+ d)
2
/4])
L
footing
2
= 406.2 k x ((99.00 in)
2
- [B x (24.00 in + 17.31 in)
2
/4])
(99.00 in)
2
= 350.6 k
v
u,circle
= shear stress on potential failure surface
= V
u,circle
B x (d
column
+ d) x d
= 350.6 k x 1000 lbs/k
B x (24.00 in + 17.31 in) x 17.31 in
= 156.1 psi
v
c,circle
= 4 x %(f'c
floor
)
= 4 x %(3500 psi)
= 236.6 psi
/0v
c,circle
= 0.8500 x 236.6 = 201.1 psi
8. Flexural Design
r ho = 1 x ( 1 - %( 1 - 2 x mx R
u
) ) Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.5)
m

f y
wher e, m = f y Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.4a)
0. 85 x f ' c
f oot i ng
= 60000 psi
0. 85 x 3500 psi
= 20. 17
R
u
= Mu Ref. 4, EQ. (3.6.4b)

/0 x L
f oot i ng
x d
2
= 335. 7 f t - k x 1000 l bs/ k x 12 i n/ f t

0. 9000 x 99. 00 i n x ( 17. 31 i n)
2
= 150. 8 psi
r ho = 1 x ( 1 - %( 1 - 2 x 150. 8 psi x 20. 17) )
20. 17

60000 psi
= 0. 002581
# bar s r equi r ed = ( 4/ 3) r ho x d x b/ A
bar
= ( 4/ 3) 0. 002581 x 17. 31 i n x ( 99. 00 i n/ 0. 3100 sqi n/ bar )
= 19. 03 bar s
# bar s pr ovi ded = L
f oot i ng
/ spaci ng of bar s
= 99. 00 i n/ 10. 00 i n O. C. / bar
= 9. 900 bar s
Ther ef or e, pr ovi de 11 addi t i onal #5 bar s at 10 i n o. c. e. w. , di st r i but ed about t he
cent er l i ne of each col umn, pl ace addi t i onal r ei nf or ci ng bet ween r egul ar f l oor st eel ,
ext end each bar 2 - 0 past t he col umn f oot i ng.
PRESTRESSED WALL DESIGN 2.0 MG LESLIE LANE RESERVOIR

VI. PRESTRESSED WALL DESIGN
A. Wall Design Definitions
hydrostatic service load - hoop forces caused by water load with water level at overflow
elevation
hydrostatic overload - hoop forces caused by water load with water level at overload
elevation
hydrodynamic load - hoop forces caused by hydrodynamic effects of horizontal and vertical
seismic excitation with water level at service elevation
differential temperature and dryness load - stress in wall caused by differential
temperature and dryness
wall coat - layer of shotcrete applied to corewall prior to applying prestressing
B. Circumferential Prestressing Design
1. Load Cases
The following load cases will be investigated for prestressing design:
Load Case 1) - hydrostatic overload + differential temperature and dryness load
Load Case 2) - hydrostatic service load + hydrodynamic load
2. Required Prestressing Forces for Static Loads
P
dt
= prestressing force for differential temperature and dryness effects
= (t
wall
+ t
wallcoat
) x required compression
where, t
wallcoat
= 0.3750 in
minimum final required compression:
above ground = 200.0 psi
below ground = 50.0 psi
distance over which taper from 200.0 psi to 50.0 psi occurs = 6.000 ft
P
dt
= prestressing force for differential temperature and dryness at top of wall
= (t
wall,top
+ t
wallcoat
) x 200.0 psi x 12 in/ft x 0.001 k/lb
P
dt,b
= prestressing force for differential temperature and dryness below ground
= (t
wall,base
+ t
wallcoat
) x 50.0 psi x 12 in/ft x 0.001 k/lb
P
sl
= prestressing force for hydrostatic service load
= R
tank
x Y" x gamma
fluid
where,Y" = distance from overflow elevation (service water level) to
point of investigation
R
tank
= tank inside radius at point of investigation
P
sl
= R
tank
x Y" x 62.50 pcf x 0.001 k/lb
P
ol
= prestressing force for hydrostatic overload
= R
tank
x Y' x gamma
fluid
where,Y' = distance from overload water level to point of investigation
P
ol
= R
tank
x Y' x 62.50 pcf x 0.001 k/lb [k/ft]
PRESTRESSED WALL DESI GN 2. 0MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R

3. Required Prestressing Forces for Dynamic Loads
The hydrodynamic hoop forces will be calculated based on the method outlined in Reference
3, Appendix F. The hydrodynamic forces will be calculated as impulsive, convective, and
vertical components.
The three components will be combined as follows:
P
dynamic
= prestressing force for hydrodynamic hoop forces
= %(H
i
2
+ H
c
2
+ H
v
2
)
where, H
i
= hoop force from impulsive component
H
c
= hoop force from convective component
H
v
= hoop force from vertical component
a. Impulsive Forces
H
i
= gamma
fluid
x u
o
x h x R
tank
x (Y" - 1 (Y")
2
) x %(3) x tanh (%(3) x R/h)
g h 2 h
+ gamma
concrete
x u
o
x t
wall,final
x R
tank
g
where, h = h
water
R
tank
= tank radius at mid height = 53.50 ft
H
i
= 62.50pcf x 0.2444g x 30.00 ft x 53.50 ft x ( Y" - 1( Y" )
2
) x %(3) x tanh(%(3) x 53.50 ft)
1000 lb/k g 30.00 ft 2 30.00 ft 30.00 ft
+ 150.0 pcf x 0.2444g x 12.25 in / 12 in/ft x 53.50 ft
1000 lb/k g
= 42.29 x ( Y" - 1 ( Y" )
2
) + 2.002 [k/ft]
30.00 2 30.00
PRESTRESSED WALL DESI GN 2. 0MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R

b. Convective Forces
H
c
= %(3/8) x gamma
fluid
x 1/g x R
tank
3
x / 0h x 2/3 x w
2
x cosh[%(27/8) x Y/R]
sinh[%(27/8) x h/R]
where, w = circular frequency of vibration
w
2
= %(27/8) x 1/R
tank
x g x tanh[%(27/8) x h/R]
= %(27/8) x 1/53.50 ft x 32.2 ft/s
2
x tanh[%(27/8) x 30.00 ft/53.50 ft]
w = 0.9251/sec
/0h = angular amplitude of free oscillation at the water surface
= %(27/8) x A
1
/R x tanh[%(27/8) x h/R]
where, A
1
= spectral velocity x 1/w
= 1.250 ft/sec = 1.351 ft
0.9251/sec
/ 0h = %(27/8) x 1.351 ft/53.50 ft x tanh[%(27/8) x 30.00 ft/53.50 ft]
= 0.03591
Y = distance from the top of the floor to the point of investigation
H
c
= %(3/8) x 62.50 pcf x (53.50 ft)
3
x 0.03591 x 2 x 0.9251
2
x cosh[%(27/8) x Y/R]
32.2 ft/s
2
x 1000 lbs/k 3 x sinh[%(27/8) x 30.00 ft]
53.50 ft
= 3.051 x cosh[%(27/8) x Y/53.50 ft][k/ft]
c. Vertical Forces
H
v
= gamma
fluid
x R
tank
x v
o
x Y"
g
= 62.50 pcf x 53.50 ft x 0.2444g x Y" x 0.001 k/lb
g
= 0.8174 x Y" [k/ft]
PRESTRESSED WALL DESI GN 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
4. Circumferential Prestressing Properties
minimum ultimate stress = MUS = 240.0 ksi (per manufacturer)
minimum ultimate force = MUS x A
strand
where, A
strand
= 0.08900 sqin (per manufacturer)
minimum ultimate force = 240.0 ksi x 0.08900 sqin/strand = 21.36 k
average initial stress = average stress factor x MUS
where, average stress factor = 70.00% AWWA D110-95, Sect. (3.4.2.1)
average initial stress = 70.00% x 240.0 ksi = 168.0 ksi
average initial force = average initial stress x A
strand

average initial force = 168.0 ksi x 0.08900 sqin/strand
= 14.95 k
stress losses = 25.00 ksi AWWA D110-95, Sect. (3.4.2.2)
force losses = stress losses x A
strand
= 25.00 ksi x 0.08900 sqin/strand
= 2.225 k
final force < average initial force - force losses
< 14.95 k - 2.225 k = 12.73 k
force tolerance = 1.500% x MUS x A
strand
= 1.500% x 240.0 ksi x 0.08900 sqin/strand x 1000 lb/k
= 320.4 lb
maximum seismic force = seismic stress factor x MUS x A
strand
where, seismic stress factor = 75.00% AWWA D110-95, Sect. (3.4.2.1)
maximum seismic force = 75.00% x 240.0 ksi x 0.08900 sqin/strand
= 16.02 k
5. Required Quantity of Circumferential Prestressing - Load Case 1
number of wraps = P
total where, P
total
= P
dt
+ P
ol
final force
Y' Y increment
d
tank
P
dt
P
ol number
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft) (k/ft) (k/ft) of wraps

1.500 29.50 3.000 107.0 20.23 5.016 5.951
5.000 26.00 4.000 107.0 9.727 16.72 8.312
9.000 22.00 4.000 107.0 6.225 30.09 11.42
13.00 18.00 4.000 107.0 6.225 43.47 15.62
17.00 14.00 4.000 107.0 6.225 56.84 19.83
21.00 10.00 4.000 107.0 6.225 70.22 24.03
25.00 6.000 4.000 107.0 6.225 83.59 28.23
29.00 2.000 4.000 107.0 6.225 96.97 32.43
Total: 145.8
6. Required Quantity of Circumferential Prestressing - Load Case 2
number of wraps = P
total where, P
total
= P
dynamic
+ P
sl
maximum seismic force
Y" Y increment
H
i
H
c
H
v
P
dynamic
P
sl number
(ft) (ft) (ft) (k/ft) (k/ft) (k/ft) (k/ft) (k/ft) of wraps
1.000 29.00 2.000 3.388 4.693 0.8172 5.846 3.344 1.147
4.000 26.00 4.000 7.265 4.350 3.626 9.076 13.38 5.606
8.000 22.00 4.000 11.76 3.964 6.538 14.04 26.75 10.19
12.00 18.00 4.000 15.53 3.653 9.807 18.73 40.13 14.70
16.00 14.00 4.000 18.54 3.410 13.08 22.94 53.50 19.09
20.00 10.00 4.000 20.80 3.233 16.34 26.65 66.88 23.35
24.00 6.000 4.000 22.30 3.116 19.62 29.86 80.25 27.49
28.00 2.000 4.000 23.05 3.058 22.82 32.62 93.63 31.52
TOTAL: 133.1
7. Wrapping Schedule
In the following table, the term "Digit" represents the spacing of the wraps in tenths
of an inch. For example, 36 wraps @ digit 10 indicates that 36 wraps will be applied,
spaced 1.0 inch on center.
elevation
above ftg. layer 1
(ft) Wraps Digit
29.25 0 0.0000
28.00 6 25.00
28.00 3 54.00
24.00 6 53.00
24.00 0 0.0000
20.00 12 40.00
20.00 0 0.0000
16.00 16 30.00
16.00 0 0.0000
12.00 20 24.00
12.00 5 20.00
8.000 20 19.00
8.000 16 17.00
4.000 13 16.00
4.000 4 13.00
0.6667 29 12.00
Total Number of Wraps = 150.0
C. Wall Thickness Design
1. Initial Compressive Stress on Wall Due to Circumferential Prestressing
Cs
p
= compressive stress due to circumferential prestressing
= E
i=1,n
[Cs
pi
]
where, Cs
pi
= compressive stress due to ith layer of wrapping
= number of wraps in ith layer x initial force
(t
wall
+ t
wallcoat
+ 0.7500 x (i - 1)) x wrapping increment height
After 33.00 wraps in 4.000 ft height on 10.00" thick wall:
Cs
p1
= 33.00 wraps x 14.95 k/wrap x 1000 lb/k = 990.7 psi
(10.00 in + 0.3750 in + 0.7500 in x (1 - 1)) x 4.000 ft x 12 in/ft
Cs
p
= 990.7 psi
2. Initial Compressive Stress on Wall Due to Static Backfill Pressure
Cs
b,s
= compressive stress due to static backfill pressure
= Backfill Pressure x (d
tank
/2 + t
wallfinal
)

t
wallfinal
where, backfill Pressure = 1192. psf
d
tank
= tank diameter at mid height of lowest wall increment
= 107.0 ft
t
wallfinal
= 12.25 in
Cs
b,s
= 1192. psf x (107.0 ft/2 + 12.25 in/12)
12.25 in x 12 in/ft
= 442.1 psi
3. Initial Compressive Stress on Wall Due to Seismic Backfill Pressure
Cs
b,e
= compressive stress due to seismic backfill pressure
= seismic pressure increase x (d
tank
/2 + t
wallfinal
)

t
wallfinal
where, seismic pressure increase = 36.00 psf
Cs
b,e
= 36.00 psf x (107.0 ft/2 + 12.25 in/12)
12.25 in x 12 in/ft
= 13.35 psi
4. Initial Compressive Stress on Wall Due to Vehicle Surcharge Load
Cs
b,v
= Compressive stress due to vehicle surcharge load
= backfill pressure x (d
tank
/2 + t
wall,final
)

t
wall,final
= 182.5 psf x (107.0 ft/2 + 12.25 in/12)

12.25 in x 12 in/ft
= 67.69 psi
5. Initial Compressive Stress Check
Cs
initial,static
= total initial compressive stress
= Cs
p
+ Cs
b,s
+ Cs
b,v

= 990.7 psi + 442.1 psi + 67.69 psi
= 1501. psi
maximum allowable initial stress = 55.00% x f'c AWWA D110-95, Table 1
= 55.00% x 4000 psi = 2200. psi
maximum allowable initial stress > Cs
initial,static
therefore, O.K.
Cs
initial,seismic
= total initial compressive stress with seismic load
= Cs
p
+ Cs
b,s
+ Cs
b,v
+ Cs
b,e

= 990.7 psi + 442.1 psi + 67.69 psi + 13.35 psi
= 1514. psi
maximum allowable initial seismic stress = 125.0% x 55.00% x f'c
AWWA D110-95, Sect. (4.6.1)
= 125.0% x 55.00% x 4000 psi = 2750. psi
maximum allowable initial stress > Cs
initial,seismic
therefore, O.K.
6. Final Compressive Stress Check
Cs
final,static
= total final compressive stress
= Cs
p
x Final Force + Cs
b,s
+ Cs
v
Initial Force
= 990.7 psi x 12.73 k + 442.1 psi + 67.69 psi = 1353. psi
14.95 k
maximum allowable final stress = 45.00% x f'c AWWA D110-95, Table 1
= 45.00% x 4000 psi = 1800.
psi
maximum allowable final stress > Cs
final,static
therefore, O.K.
Cs
final,seismic
= total final compressive stress with seismic load
= Cs
p
x Final Force + Cs
b,s
+ Cs
b,e
Initial Force
= 990.7 psi x 12.73 k + 442.1 psi + 67.69 psi + 13.35 psi = 1367. psi
14.95 k
maximum allowable final stress = 125.0% x 45.00% x f'c
AWWA D110-95, Sect.(4.6.1)
= 125.0% x 45.00% x 4000 psi = 2250. psi
maximum allowable final stress > Cs
final,seismic
therefore, O.K.
ADOPT: 10.00 in thick poured-in-place wall thickness
D. Vertical Prestressing Design
1. Design Load
The vertical prestressing will be designed to place 200.0 psi of compression
in the corewall prior to application of circumferential prestressing.
2. Required Prestressing Force
P
v
= required vertical prestressing force
= (t
wall
+ t
wallcoat
) x required compression
= (10.00 in + 0.3750 in) x 12 in/ft x 200.0 psi x 0.001 k/lb
= 24.90 k/ft
3. Vertical Prestressing Properties
minimum ultimate force = MUS x A
bar
where, A
bar
minimum ultimate force = 150.0 ksi x 1.245 sqin/bar = 186.8 k
maximum initial stress = maximum stress factor x MUS
where, maximum stress factor = 75.00% AWWA D110-95, Sect. (3.4.2.1)
maximum initial stress = 75.00% x 150.0 ksi = 112.5 ksi
average initial force = maximum initial stress x A
bar
- force tolerance
where,
force tolerance = 1.500% x MUS x A
bar
= 1.500% x 150.0 ksi x 1.245 sqin/bar x 1000 lb/k
= 2801. lb
average initial force = 112.5 ksi x 1.245 sqin/bar - 2801. lb x 0.001 k/lb
= 137.3 k
stress losses = 25.00 ksi AWWA D110-95, Sect. (3.4.2.2)
force losses = stress losses x A
bar
= 25.00 ksi x 1.245 sqin/bar
= 31.13 k
final force = average initial force - force losses
= 137.3 k - 31.13 k = 106.1 k
4. Required Quantity of Vertical Prestressing
Based on the required compressive force:
Number of bars > B x (d
tank
+ t
wall
) x P
v
minimum final force
> B x (107.0 ft + 10.00 in/12 in/ft) x 24.90 k/ft = 79.48
106.1 k/bar
Based on the maximum spacing:
Number of bars > B x (d
tank
+ t
wall
)

maximum spacing
> B x (107.0 ft + 10.00 in/12 in/ft) = 81.30
50.00 in x 1 ft/12 in
Based on an equal number of bars per wall section:
Length of wall joints = B x(d
tank
+ 2 x t
wall
)

number of wall sections
assuming eleven wall joints:
Length of wall joints = B x (107.0 ft + 2 x 10.00 in/12 in/ft) = 42.67 ft
8.000
ADOPT: 8.000 wall sections, with 88.00 bars, evenly spaced
bar spacing = B x (d
tank
+ t
wall
)

number of bars
= B x (107.0 ft + 10 in/12 in/ft) = 3.850 ft
88.00
5. Applied Force
applied force = average initial force = 137.3 k/bar
6. Approximate Elongations
elongations = force x bar length
E
bar
where, bar length = h
wall
- (6.000 in + 9.250 in)
= 31.00 ft - (6.000 in + 9.250 in) x (1ft/12in)
= 29.73 ft
E
bar
= 2.900e+04 ksi
elongation = 137.3 k/bar x 29.73 ft x 12 in/ft = 1.356 in
2.900e+04 psi x 1.245 sqin
7. Anchor Design
at service load:
f
cp
= 0.6 x f'c x %(A'
b
/A
b
) < 1.25 x f'c Ref. 8, Sect. (3.1.7)
where, bearing plate dimensions = 5.000"w x 6.000"L x 1.750"t
A'
b
= (6.000 in x 10.00 in) x 10.00 in = 120.0 sqin
5.000 in
A
b
= 5.000 in x 6.000 in = 30.00 in
f
cp
= smaller of the following:
f
cp
= 0.6 x 4000 psi x %(120.0 sqin/30.00 sqin)
= 4800. psi
or, f
cp
= 1.25 x 4000 psi
= 5000. psi
therefore, f
cp
= 4800. psi
bearing stress = final force
A
b,n
where,A
b,n
= A
b
- pipe nipple area
= 30.00 sqin - 2.070 sqin = 27.93 sqin
bearing stress = 106.1 k/bar x 1000 lb/k = 3800. psi
27.93 sqin
f
cp
> bearing stress therefore, O.K.
at transfer load:
f
cp
= 0.8 x f'
ci
x %(A'
b
/A
b
) - 0.2) < 1.25 x f'
ci
Ref. 8, Sec. (3.1.7)
where, f'
ci
= 4000 psi at time of initial prestress
f
cp
= smaller of the following:
f
cp
= 0.8 x 4000 psi x %((120.0 sqin/30.00 sqin) - 0.2)
= 6238. psi
or, f
cp
= 1.25 x 4000 psi = 5000. psi
therefore, f
cp
= 5000. psi
bearing stress = initial force
A
b,n
= 137.3 k x 1000 lb/k = 4914. psi
27.93 sqin
f
cp
> bearing stress therefore, O.K.
WALL BEARING PAD DESIGN 2.0 MG LESLIE LANE RESERVOIR

VII. WALL BEARING PAD DESIGN
1. Loads on Bearing Pad
Dead Load:
DL = tributary roof slab weight + wall weight
where, tributary roof slab weight = A
t
x roof dead load
A
t
= area of roof per lineal foot of wall which is supported by wall footing
alone
A
t
= A
roof
- A
1
+ (A
1
- A
int
)/2
B x (d
tank
+ t
wall
)
A
1
= roof area interior to centerline of wall
= B x ((d
tank
+ t
wall
)/2)
2
= B x ((107.0 ft + 10.00 in/12)/2)
2
= 9133. sf
A
int
= roof area supported entirely by columns
= 5292. sf
assuming an 9.000" overhang past the exterior of the corewall,
A
roof
= B x (d
tank
/2 + t
wall
+ overhang)
2
= B x [(107.0 ft)/2 + (10.00 in + 9.000 in)/12]
2
= 9532. ft
2
A
t
= 9532. sf - 9133. + (9133. - 5292. sf)/2 = 6.848 sf/lf
B x (107.0 ft + 10.00 in/12)
roof dead load = distributed slab weight and superimposed dead loads from
Flat Slab Design
tributary roof slab weight = 6.848 sf/lf x 250.0 psf
= 1712. plf
wall weight = t
wall(average)
x h
wall
x 150.0 pcf
where,
t
wall(average)
= t
wall,mid
+ average shotcrete thickness = 12.25 in
wall weight = 12.25 in/12 x 31.00 ft x 150.0 pcf = 4747. plf
DL = 1712. plf + 4747. plf = 6459. plf

Live Load:
LL = roof live load x A
t
+ Truck Loading
where, roof live load = 150.0 psf (maximum live load from Flat Slab Design)
LL = 150.0 psf x 6.848 sf/lf = 1027. plf
Truck loading = VL1
distance between axials*
= 7.072e+04 lbs
32.00 ft
= 2210. plf
LL = 1027. plf + 2210. plf
= 3237. plf
Total Short Term Static Load on Bearing Pad:
P
pad
= DL + LL
= 6459. plf + 3237. plf
= 9696. plf
2. Bearing Pad Design
1. Radial Strain
e
final
= pad radial strain due to final compressive stress on wall
= Cs
final,static

E
wall
= 1353. psi = 0.0003754
3.605e+06 psi
e
temp
= pad radial strain due to temperature effects
= 0.0001500 (assumed)
e
max,f
= e
final
+ e
temp
= 0.0003742 + 0.0001500
= 0.0005254
*This distance was conservatively assumed to be located on top of the roof
and distributed 1/2:1

delta
radial,f
= maximum inward wall movement at base of wall
= e
max,f
x (d
tank
+ t
wall
+ t
wall coat
)/2
where, t
wall
= wall thickness at midheight of lowest wall increment
delta
radial,f
= 0.0005254 x (107.0 ft x 12 in/ft + 10.00 in + 0.3750 in)/2
= 0.3400 in
minimum bearing pad width = 4.5 x delta
radial,f
= 4.5 x 0.3400 in
= 1.530 in
e
initial,s
= pad radial strain due to initial compress. stress with seismic load on wall
= Cs
initial,seismic

E
wall
= 1514. psi = 0.0004199
3.605e+06 psi
e
max,i
= e
initial,s
+ e
temp
= 0.0004199 + 0.0001500 = 0.0005699
delta
radial,i
= e
max,i
x (d
tank
+ t
wall
+ t
wall coat
)/2
= 0.0005699 x (107.0 ft x 12 in/ft + 10.00 in + 0.3750 in)/2
= 0.3688 in
2. Compressive Stress - static
ADOPT: 1 - 3.000 in wide continuous pad interior to the waterstop (40 durometer)
1 - 3.000 in wide continuous pad exterior to the waterstop (40 durometer)
S = shape factor
= w
pad

4 x t
pad
= 6.000 in
4 x 1.000 in
= 1.500
w
pad,effective,f
= w
pad
- 2 x delta
radial,f
= 6.000 in - 2 x 0.3400 = 5.320 in
stress
pad,f
= P
pad

w
pad,effective,f
= 9696. lb/ft x 1 ft = 151.9 psi
5.320 in 12 in
stress
allow,f
= allowable stress in pad for continuous loading
= 177.5 psi (for continuous loading) Ref. 6, Fig. (R-2)

delta
comp,f
= compressive deflection of the pad due to a compress. load of 165.7 psi
= 0.1125 Ref. 6, Fig. (R-2)
3. Pad Shear Parameters
/0 = pad shear angle
/0
f
= delta
radial,f

(1 - delta
comp,f
) x t
pad
= 0.3400 in
(1 - 0.1125) x 1.000 in
= 0.3831
from Ref. 6, Fig. (R-3) for 40 durometer, the pad shear angle falls below the A-A line
for long term loading. Therefore the pad is acceptable from a shear deflection
standpoint.

3. Loads on Wall Footing
P
f oot i ng
= P
pad
+ f oot i ng wei ght
f oot i ng wei ght = b
f
x ( t
f
+ t
f l oor
) x 150. 0 pcf
assumi ng, b
f
= 54. 00 i n
t
f
= 12. 00 i n
P
f oot i ng
= 9696. pl f + ( 54. 00 i n x ( 12. 00 i n + 6. 000 i n) ) x 150. 0 pcf

( 144 i n
2
/ f t
2
)
= 1. 071e+04 pl f
4. Load Location
Y
wal l
= r el at i ve l ocat i on of bear i ng pad f r omt oe of wal l f oot i ng
= di st ance f r omcent er l i ne of bear i ng pad t o t oe of wal l f oot i ng
wi dt h of wal l f oot i ng
= 30. 50 i n = 0. 5648
54. 00 i n
Y
wat er
= r el at i ve l ocat i on of wat er pr essur e f r omt oe of wal l f oot i ng
= di st ance f r omwat er st op t o t oe of wal l f oot i ng
= 30. 50 i n = 0. 5648
54. 00 i n
Y
soi l
= r el at i ve l ocat i on of soi l pr essur e f r omt oe of wal l f oot i ng
= di st ance f r omext er i or sur f ace of shot cr et e t o t oe of wal l f oot i ng
= 21. 75 i n = 0. 4028
54. 00 i n
5. Unit Service Loads
P
u, st at i c
= wal l and f oot i ng l oad on f oot i ng under st at i c l oadi ng
= P
f oot i ng
/ wi dt h of wal l f oot i ng
= 1. 071e+04 pl f x 12 i n/ f t = 2380. psf
54. 00 i n
P
w, st at i c
= wat er pr essur e on f oot i ng under st at i c l oadi ng
= h
wat er over l oad
x gamma
f l ui d
= 31. 00 f t x 62. 50 pcf = 1938. psf
P
s, st at i c
= soi l pr essur e on f oot i ng under st at i c l oadi ng
= h
backf i l l
x gamma
backf i l l
= 33. 54 f t x 130. 0 pcf = 4360. psf

6. Bearing Pressure Under Static Loads
The f ol l owi ng pr essur es ar e f ound f r omFi gur e F- 1, Ref er ence 6:
maxi mum maxi mum
uni t pr essur e uni t pr essur e
t oe pr essur e at t oe heel pr essur e at heel
l oad f act or x ( psf ) = ( psf ) f act or x ( psf ) = ( psf )
P
u, st at i c
0. 6111 x 2380. = 1454. 1. 389 x 2380. = 3305.
P
w, st at i c
- 0. 3022 x 1938. = - 585. 5 1. 173 x 1938. = 2272.
P
s, st at i c
1. 124 x 4360. = 4903. - 0. 3189 x 4360. = - 1390.
The f ol l owi ng pr essur es ar e f ound f r omcombi ni ng t he bear i ng pr essur es shown above
Maxi mumpr essur e Maxi mumpr essur e
Load Combi nat i on at t oe ( psf ) at heel ( psf )
1) P
u, st at i c
1454. 3305.
2) P
u, st at i c
+ P
w, st at i c
868. 7 5577.
3) P
u, st at i c
+ P
s, st at i c
6357. 1915.
4) P
u, st at i c
+ P
s, st at i c
+ P
w, st at i c
5771. 4187.
7. Allowable Bearing Pressure
q
g
= maxi mumGr oss soi l bear i ng pr essur e ( f or wal l s)
= 7000. psf < appl i ed l oads therefore, O.K.
8. Floor Reinforcing Design
1. Di mensi ons
Out si de di amet er of f l oor sl ab = 112. 8 f t
t
f l oor
= f l oor t hi ckness = 6. 000 i n
2. Temper at ur e Rei nf or ci ng
As
t emp
= Mi ni mumst eel ar ea r equi r ed f or t emper at ur e
= 0. 5000%x t
f l oor
= 0. 5000%x 6. 000 i n x 12 i n/ f t = 0. 3600 sqi n/ f t
Adopt: #5 @ 10.00" o.c. e.w.

9. Shear and Moment on Footing
In the table below, the last column indicates the location of the maximum shear in the
footing with respect to the location of the wall "point" load.
Moment (M
footing
) Shear (V
footing
) @ Location
Load Combination on Wall on Wall
1) P
u,static
5823. lb-ft/ft 5684. lb/ft @ inside
2) P
u,static
+ P
w,static
5669. lb-ft/ft 5587. lb/ft @ outside
3) P
u,static
+ P
s,static
9907. lb-ft/ft 5643. lb/ft @ inside
4) P
u,static
+ P
w,static
+ P
s,static
4754. lb-ft/ft 5629. lb/ft @ outside
For t he St r engt h Desi gn Met hod, t he maxi mumshear and moment i n t he t abl e above wi l l be
scal ed by an adj ust ment f act or . Al t hough some of t he l oads causi ng t he moment s and shear
above ar e dead l oads and coul d t her ef or e a l ower adj ust ment f act or coul d be j ust i f i ed,
an adj ust ment f act or of 1. 700 wi l l be conser vat i vel y assumed. I n addi t i on t he moment
wi l l be i ncr ease by 30% t o account f or t he sani t ar y and dur abi l i t y coef f i ci ent
r ecommended per ACI 350R- 89.
Mu = 1. 3 x 1. 700 x M
f oot i ng( max)
= 12. 87 k- f t / f t
Vu = 1. 700 x V
f oot i ng( max)
= 9. 662 k/ f t
10. Footing Capacity
1. Bending
Mn = As x fy x (d - a/2)
where, d = depth to radial tensile reinforcement from compression face of footing
= t
footing
- cover + d
bar
/2
= 18.00 in - 3.000 in - 0.6250 in/2
= 14.69 in (assuming #5 bars)
assuming #5 bars at 15.40" o.c.,
As = 0.3100 sqin x (12 in/ft)/(15.40 in o.c.) = 0.2416 sqin/ft
a = As x fy = 0.2416 sqin/ft x 60000 psi = 0.4060 in
0.85 x f'c 0.85 x 3500 psi x 12 in/ft
/0Mn = 0.9000 x 0.2416 sqin/ft x 60000 psi x (14.69 in - 0.4060 in/2)
x 1 ft/12 in x 0.001 k/lb
= 15.75 k-ft/ft
15.75 k-ft/ft > 12.87 k-ft/ft therefore, O.K.
2. Shear
/0Vn = 0.8500 x 2 x %(f'c) x b x d (concrete only)
= 0.8500 x 2 x %(3500 psi) x 12 in x 14.69 in x 0.001 k/lb
= 17.73 k/ft
17.73 k-ft/ft > 9.662 k-ft/ft therefore, O.K.
3. Circumferential Reinforcing
As
temp
= required reinforcing for temperature and shrinkage effects
= 0.5000% x t
footing
x bf
= 0.5000% x (18.00in x 54.00in + (2.000ft x 12in/ft x 1.000ft x 12in/ft)/2))
= 5.580 sqin
Adopt: 18.00 - #5.000 circumferential bars
SEI SMI C CABLE DESI GN 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R

VIII. SEISMIC CABLE DESIGN
A. Tank Wall
W
wall
= total weight of tank wall
= wall weight per foot x B x (d
tank
+ t
wall,average
)
t
wall,average
= 12.25 in
wall weight per foot = t
wall,average
x h
wall
x 150.0 pcf
= 12.25 in/12 x 31.00 ft x 150.0 pcf
= 4747. plf
= 4747. plf x B x (107.0 ft + 12.25 in/12) x 0.001 k/lb = 1610. k
X
wall
= elevation of center of wall mass above base of wall
= h
wall
/2
= (31.00 ft)/2 = 15.50 ft
B. Tank Roof
W
roof
= W
slab
+ W
drop
+ W
column
+ W
dead
+ W
truck
where, W
slab
= roof slab weight
= A
roof
x t
roof
x 0.150 kcf
where, A
roof
= B x (d
tank
/2 + t
wall
+ overhang)
2
= B x (107.0 ft/2 + (10.00 in + 9.000 in)/12)
2
= 9532. sf
W
slab
= 9532. sf x 12.00 in/12 x 0.1500 kcf = 1430. k
W
drop
= drop panel weight
= L
drop
2
x t
drop
x no. of columns x 0.150 kcf
= (7.750 ft)
2
x 7.500 in/12 x 21 ea x 0.1500 kcf = 118.2 k
W
column
= effective column weight (assume half)
= (column weight)/2 x no. of columns
= (452.4/144) x 29.17/2 x 21 ea x 0.1500 kcf
= 144.3 k
W
dead
= total superimposed dead load
= A
roof
x dead load
= 9532. sf x 200.0 psf x 0.001 k/lb
= 1906. k
W
truck
= VL1
= 7.072e+04 lbs x 0.001 k/lb
= 70.72 k
W
roof
= 1430. k + 118.2 k + 144.3k + 1906. k + 70.72 k
= 3670. k
X
roof
= elevation of center of wall mass above base of wall
= h
wall
+ t
roof
/2 + t
roof pad
= 31.00 ft + ((12.00 in/2) + 0.5000 in)/12 = 31.54 ft
C. Water Weight
1. Impulsive Component
V
impulsive
= base shear due to weight of fluid acting impulsively on the tank wall
= (1/%3) x gamma
fluid
x u
o
x B x R x tanh(%(3) x R/h
water
) x h
water
2
g
Ref. 3, EQ. (F.82)
= (1/%3) x 62.50 pcf x 0.2444g x B x 53.50 ft x tanh(%(3)) x
g
53.50 ft/30.00 ft) x (30.00 ft)
2
x 0.001 k/lb
= 1329. k
h
o
= elevation of center of impulsive water mass above base of wall
= 0.375 x h
water
Ref. 3, EQ. (6.13)
= 0.375 x 30.00 ft = 11.25 ft
2. Convective Component
V
convective
= base shear due to weight of fluid acting convectively on the tank wall
= 0.25 x B x gamma
fluid
x R
4
x / 0
h
x w
2

Ref. 3, EQ. (F.97)
where, w = circular frequency of vibration
= %{%(27/8) x 1/R x g x tanh[%(27/8) x h/R]}
= %{%(27/8) x 1 x 32.2 ft/s
2
x tanh[%(27/8) x 30.00 ft]}
53.50 ft 53.50 ft
= 0.9251/sec
/0h = angular amplitude of free oscillation at the water surface
= %(27/8) x A
1
/R x tanh[%(27/8) x h/R]
where, A
1
= spectral velocity x 1/w
/0h = %(27/8) x ( 1.250 ft/sec ) x tanh[%(27/8) x 30.00 ft]
0.9251/sec x 53.50 ft 53.50 ft
= 0.03591
V
convective
= 0.25 x B x (62.50 pcf/32.2) x (53.50 ft)
4
x 0.03591 x 0.9251
2
/sec
2

x 0.001 k/lb

= 383.8 k
h
1
= elevation of center of convective water mass above base of wall
= (h
1
/h) x h
where, h
1
/h = (1 - cosh(%(27/8) x h/R) - 1 )
%(27/8) x h/R x sinh(%(27/8) x h/R)
Ref. 3, EQ. (F.110)
= (1 - cosh(%(27/8) x 30.00 ft/53.50 ft) - 1 )
%(27/8) x 30.00 ft/53.50 ft x sinh(%(27/8) x 30.00 ft/53.50 ft)
= 0.5400
h
1
= 0.5400 x 30.00 ft = 16.20 ft
D. Base Shear
V = p([(W
wall
+ W
roof
) x u
o
+ V
impulsive
]
2
+ [V
convective
]
2
)
= p([(1610. k + 3670. k) x 0.2444g + 1329. k]
2
+ [383.8 k]
2
)
= 2647. k
E. Overturning
M = overturning moment
= p([(W
wall
x X
wall
+ W
roof
x X
roof
) x u
o
+ V
impulsive
x h
o
]
2
+ [V
convective
x h
1
]
2
)
= p([(1610. k x 15.50 ft + 3670. k x 31.54 ft) x 0.2444g + 1329. k x 11.25 ft]
2
+
[383.8 k x 16.20 ft]
2
)
= 4.973e+04 k-ft
RM = resisting moment
= (W
wall
+ W
roof
) x (d
tank
+ t
wall
)/2
= (1610. k + 3662. k) x (107.0 ft + (10.00 in)/12)/2
= 2.843e+05 k-ft
2.843e+05 k-ft > 4.973e+04 k-ft therefore, O.K.
F. Seismic Cables
1. Base Shear Per Cable Set
v = base shear per lineal foot along wall
= V/(radius to seismic cables x B)
= 2647. k/(54.17 ft x B) = 15.53 k/ft
v
set
= required capacity of one set of seismic cables
= v x spacing of cable sets
where, spacing of cable sets = 3.867 ft/set
v
set
= 15.53 k/ft x 3.867 ft/set = 60.16 k/set
2. Seismic Cable Properties
assume 0.3750"/0 seismic cables
ultimate force = MUS x A
strand

= 240.0 ksi x 0.08900 sqin/strand
allowable seismic stress = seismic stress factor x MUS
where,
seismic stress factor = 75.00%
allowable seismic stress = 75.00% x 240.0 ksi
allowable seismic force = allowable seismic stress x A
strand
x cos/0
where A
strand
/0 = seismic cable angle (from horizontal) = 45.00 degrees
allowable seismic force = 75.00% x 240.0 ksi x 0.08900 sqin x cos(45.00)
= 11.33 k/strand
3. Quantity of Seismic Cables
n = number of cables required per set
= v
set
/(allowable seismic force)
= 60.16 k/set = 5.311 strands/set
11.33 k/strand
ADOPT: 6 - 0.3750"/0 cables per set, At every vertical threadbar
G. Sloshing
displacement = maximum vertical sloshing height
= 0.408 x R x (tanh[%(27/8) x h
water
/R])
-1

32.2 - 1

(w
2
x /0h x R)
= 0.408 x 53.50 ft x (tanh[%(27/8) x 31.00 ft/53.50 ft])
-1
x 12 in/ft
32.2 - 1

((0.9251/sec)
2
x 0.03591 x 53.50 ft)
= 18.21 in
freeboard = 12.50 in
Since freeboard < displacement, the following uplift pressure will exist:
Uplift = (displacement - freeboard) x density
fluid
= (18.21 in - 12.50 in) x 62.50 pcf x 1 ft/12 in
= 29.74 psf
roof dead load > uplift therefore, O.K.
ROOF CONNECTI ON DESI GN 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
REVISED: 11/02/2000 ESCONDI DO, CALI FORNI A

IX. ROOF CONNECTION DESIGN
A. Shear Load
V = total roof shear
= W
roof
x u
o
= 3670. k x 0.2444g
= 896.9 k
v = roof shear per lineal foot along wall
= V
radius to shear connections x B
where, radius to shear connections = (d
tank
+ t
wall
)/2
= (107.0 ft + 10.00 in/12)/2
= 53.92 ft
v = 896.9 k = 5.295 k/ft
53.92 ft x B
v
connection
= v x connection spacing
where, connection spacing = 2 x B x radius to shear connections
number of shear connections
= 2 x B x 53.92 ft
88.00
= 3.850 ft
v
connection
= 5.295 k/ft x 3.850 ft = 20.40 k/connection
B. Connection Design
F
v
= allowable shear stress in structural tubing
= 1.33 x 0.4 x f
y
Ref. 7, Sect. (1.5.1.2.1)
where, f
y
= 46.00 ksi,
F
v
= 1.33 x 0.4 x 46.00 ksi = 24.47 ksi
A
v
= required area of tubing
= v
connection
/F
v

= 20.40 k/24.47 ksi = 0.8330 in
2
ADOPT: TS 5.000 x 5.000 x 0.1875" at each vertical tendon
IXX. SUMP WALL FLEXURAL DESIGN
The sump will be designed as having cantilever walls.
SUMP DESI GN 2. 0 MG LESLI E LANE RESERVOI R
DATE: 9/22/2000 ESCONDI DO, CALI FORNI A
A. Assumptions
width
sump,L
= 4.000 ft
width
sump,S
= 4.000 ft
depth
sump
= l = sump span length = 5.250 ft
t
sump
= sump wall thickness = 16.00 in
h
1
= water height above sump floor = 35.25 ft
h
2
= water height above top of sump = 30.00 ft
B. Factored Loads
w
u1
= load due to fluid acting on inside face of sump wall
= 1.3 x 1.7 x gamma
fluid
x (h
1
+ h
2
)/2 x width
sump,L
= 1.3 x 1.7 x 62.50 pcf x (35.25 ft + 30.00 ft)/2 x 4.000 ft
= 1.803e+04 lb/ft
w
u2
= load due to wall footing bearing pressure acting on outside face of sump wall
= 1.3 x 1.7 x gross soil bearing pressure x 0.4500 x width
sump,L
= 1.3 x 1.7 x 6357. psf x 0.4500 x 4.000 ft
= 2.528e+04 lb/ft
ADOPT: w
u,wall
= 2.528e+04 lb/ft
C. Flexural Design
M
u,wall
= w
u,wall
x l
2
/2 = 2.528e+04 lb/ft x (5.250 ft)
2
/2
= 3.485e+05 lb-ft
ADOPT : M
u
=3.485e+05 lb/ft
rho = 1 x (1 - %(1 - 2 x m x R
u
))

m fy
where, m = fy
0.85 x f'c
sump
= 60000 psi = 20.17
0.85 x 3500 psi
R
u
= M
u
/0 x width
sump,L
x d
2
where, d = t
sump
- cover - d
bar
/2
= 16.00 in - 2.000 in - 1.128 in/2
R
u
= 3.485e+05 lb-ft x 12.00 in/ft
0.9 x 4.000 ft x 12.00 in/ft x (13.44 in)
2
= 536.2 psi
rho = 1 x (1 - %(1 - 2 x 20.17 x 568.3 psi))
20.17 60000 psi
= 0.009927
As
required
= rho x b x d
= 0.009927 x 12.00 in/ft x 13.44 in = 1.601 sqin/ft
ADOPT: #9 bars at 6.000 in o.c. e.f. along the sump perimeter
D. Shear Design
The sump walls will be designed for shear in accordance with ACI 318-95.
Vu = (w
u
/ 1.3) x l = (2.528e+04 lb/ft / 1.3) x 5.250 ft = 1.021e+05 lb
V
c
= 2 x %f'c x b
w
x d = 2 x %(3500 psi) x 5.250 ft x 12.00 in/ft x 13.44 in

= 1.002+05 lb
Since Vu > /0 x V
c
/2, the following area of shear reinforcement will be required:
V
s
= Vu//0 - V
c
= 1.021e+05 lb/0.85 - 1.002e+05 lb
= 1.999e+04 lb
V
s,max
= 8 x %f'c x b
w
= 4.006e+05 lb
therefore, V
s
= 1.999e+04 lb
A
v
= V
s
x s = 1.999e+04 lb x 12.00 in = 0.2976 sqin/ft
fy x d 60,000 psi x 13.44 in
A
v min
= 50 x b
w
x s = 50 x 5.250 ft x 12.00 in x 12.00 in/ft = 0.6300 sqin/ft

fy 60,000 psi
E. Check Temperature Reinforcing
As
temp
= minimum steel area required for temperature
= 0.5000% x t
sump
= 0.5000% x 16.00 in x 12.00 in/ft = 0.9600 sqin/ft
Adopt: #7 bars at 12.00 in o.c. e.f. along the sump depth
The sump will be designed as having cantilever walls.
A. Assumptions
width
sump,L
= 3.000 ft
width
sump,S
= 3.000 ft
depth
sump
= l = sump span length = 5.500 ft
t
sump
= sump wall thickness = 16.00 in
h
1
= water height above sump floor = 35.50 ft
h
2
= water height above top of sump = 30.00 ft
B. Factored Loads
w
u1
= load due to fluid acting on inside face of sump wall
= 1.3 x 1.7 x gamma
fluid
x (h
1
+ h
2
)/2 x width
sump,L
= 1.3 x 1.7 x 62.50 pcf x (35.50 ft + 30.00 ft)/2 x 3.000 ft
= 1.357e+04 lb/ft
w
u2
= load due to wall footing bearing pressure acting on outside face of sump wall
= 1.3 x 1.7 x gross soil bearing pressure x 0.4500 x width
sump,L
= 1.3 x 1.7 x 6357. psf x 0.4500 x 3.000 ft
= 1.897e+04 lb/ft
ADOPT: w
u,wall
= 1.897e+04 lb/ft
C. Flexural Design
M
u,wall
= w
u,wall
x l
2
/2 = 1.897lb/ft x (5.500 ft)
2
/2
= 2.869e+05 lb-ft
ADOPT : M
u
=2.869e+05 lb/ft
rho = 1 x (1 - %(1 - 2 x m x R
u
))

m fy
where, m = fy
0.85 x f'c
sump
= 60000 psi = 20.17
0.85 x 3500 psi
R
u
= M
u
/0 x width
sump,L
x d
2
where, d = t
sump
- cover - d
bar
/2
= 16.00 in - 2.000 in - 1.128 in/2
R
u
= 2.869e+05 lb-ft x 12.00 in/ft
0.9 x 3.000 ft x 12.00 in/ft x (13.44 in)
2
= 588.5 psi
rho = 1 x (1 - %(1 - 2 x 20.17 x 588.5 psi))
20.17 60000 psi
= 0.01104
As
required
= rho x b x d
= 0.01104 x 12.00 in/ft x 13.44 in = 1.780 sqin/ft
ADOPT: #9 bars at 6.000 in o.c. e.f. along the sump perimeter
D. Shear Design
The sump walls will be designed for shear in accordance with ACI 318-95.
Vu = (w
u
/ 1.3) x l = (1.987e+04 lb/ft / 1.3) x 5.500 ft = 8.024e+04 lb
V
c
= 2 x %f'c x b
w

= 1.050+05 lb
SINCE Vu > /0 x V
c
/2 AND Vu < /0V
c
then
A
v
= 50 x b
w
x s = 50 x 5.500 ft x 12.00 in x 12.00 in/ft = 0.6600

f
y
60,000 psi

E. Check Temperature Reinforcing
As
temp
= minimum steel area required for temperature
= 0.5000% x t
sump
= 0.5000% x 16.00 in x 12.00 in/ft = 0.9600 sqin/ft
Adopt: #7 bars at 12.00 in o.c. e.f. along the sump depth

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