PERANCANGAN UNTUK KETERBUATAN

(DFMA : DESIGN FOR

MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLING)
Dr.-Ing. Indra Djodikusumo
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ENGINEERING DESIGN BOOKS
2
Perancangan Konsep Conceptual Design
Perancangan Wujud
(Perwujudan) Embodiment Design
Design Requirements/
Design Specifications &
Objectives
Concept / Principle Solution
(Perwujudan) Embodiment Design
Perancangan Detail
(Penyiapan Dokumen Produksi dan Operasi)
Detail Design
Definitive Layout
Production Documents and
Operation Documents
3
PERANCANGAN KONSEP
Metode pengembangan konsep:
1) Metode dasar
a) Galang gagas (brain storming)
b) Penulisan gagasan (metode 6-
Design
Requirements/
Design
Specifications and
O!ecti"es
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
4
b) Penulisan gagasan (metode 6-
3-5)
c) nalogi
d) !kstrim"kebalikan
e) Pakar"buku re#erensi"$urnal
2) Metode mor#ologi
3) Metode logika (%&'( dan
Perancangan ksiomatik)
PERANCANGAN $%&%D
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
Design
and
Requirements/
Design
'ata (eta)
*Sistem 'e)ni)+/
*Definiti"e
(a,out+
Material Fungsi
1) )teps
-. C/ec)#ist
0. Ru#es
1. Princip#es
2. Guide#ines
3. E"a#uation
Embodiment Design
5
Design
Specifications
(a,out+
Final Assy.
Sub Assy.
Component
Geometry
Proses
Produksi
S'EPS IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
1) Identify embodiment-determining requirements
2) Produce scale drawing of spatial constraints
3) Identify embodiment-determining main function carriers
4) Develop preliminary layouts and form design for the embodiment-determining main
function carriers
5) Select suitable preliminary layout
6) Develop preliminary layouts and form-design for the embodiment for the remaining
function carriers
7) Search for solution to auxiliary functions
Concept
6
7) Search for solution to auxiliary functions
8) Develop detailed layouts and form designs for the main function carriers ensuring
compatibility with the auxiliary function carriers
9) Develop detailed layouts and form designs for the auxiliary function carriers and
complete the overall layouts
10)Evaluate against technical and economical criteria
1) Optimize and complete form design
2) Check for errors and disturbing factors
3) Prepare preliminary partts list and production documents
Pre#iminar, (a,out
Definiti"e (a,out
PERANCANGAN $%&%D
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
Design
and
Requirements/
Design
'ata (eta)
*Sistem 'e)ni)+/
*Definiti"e
(a,out+
Material Fungsi
5. Steps
2) *+ecklist
0. Ru#es
1. Princip#es
2. Guide#ines
3. E"a#uation
Embodiment Design
,
Design
Specifications
(a,out+
Final Assy.
Sub Assy.
Component
Geometry
Proses
Produksi
C6ECK(IS' IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
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C6ECK(IS' IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN 7CON'8D.
.
C6ECK(IS' IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN 7CON'8D.
1/
PERANCANGAN $%&%D
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
Design
and
Requirements/
Design
'ata (eta)
*Sistem 'e)ni)+/
*Definiti"e
(a,out+
Material Fungsi
5. Steps
-. C/ec)#ist
3) &ules
1. Princip#es
2. Guide#ines
3. E"a#uation
Embodiment Design
11
Design
Specifications
(a,out+
Final Assy.
Sub Assy.
Component
Geometry
Proses
Produksi
R%(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
5. C#arit, that is, clarity of function or
lack of ambiguity of a design
facilitates re#ia#e prediction of t/e
performance of t/e 9na# product and in
man, cases sa"es time and cost#, ana#,ses: man, cases sa"es time and cost#, ana#,ses:
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R%(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN 7CON'8D.
2) Simplicity generally guarantees economic
feasibility.
A smaller number of components and
simp#e s/apes are produced more simp#e s/apes are produced more
quic)#, and easi#,:
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R%(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
3) Safety imposes a consistent approach to
the problems of strength, reliability,
accident pre"ention and protection of
t/e en"ironment:
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PERANCANGAN $%&%D
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
Design
and
Requirements/
Design
'ata (eta)
*Sistem 'e)ni)+/
*Definiti"e
(a,out+
Material Fungsi
5. Steps
-. C/ec)#ist
0. Ru#es
4) Principles
2. Guide#ines
3. E"a#uation
Embodiment Design
15
Design
Specifications
(a,out+
Final Assy.
Sub Assy.
Component
Geometry
Proses
Produksi
PRINCIP(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
1) Principles o# 0orce %ransmission
Flowlines of Force and the Principle of
Uniform Strength
Principle of Direct and Short Force Principle of Direct and Short Force
Transmission Path
Principle of Matched Deformations
Principle of Balanced Forces
Summary of Force Transmission
Principles
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PRINCIP(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
2) Principle o# t+e 1i2ision o# %asks
Assignment of Subfunctions
Division of Tasks for Distinct
Functions Functions
Division of Tasks for Identical
Functions
1,
PRINCIP(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
3) Principle o# )el#-3elp
Concepts and Definitions
Self-Reinforcing Solutions
Self-Balancing Solutions Self-Balancing Solutions
Self-Protecting Solutions
1-
PRINCIP(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
3) Principles o# )tabilit4 and 5i-
)tabilit4
Principle of Stabilit
Principle of Bi-Stabilit Principle of Bi-Stabilit
1.
PRINCIP(ES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
3) Principles o# 0ault-0ree 1esign
2/
PERANCANGAN $%&%D
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
Design
and
Requirements/
Design
'ata (eta)
*Sistem 'e)ni)+/
*Definiti"e
(a,out+
Material Fungsi
5. Steps
-. C/ec)#ist
0. Ru#es
1. Princip#es
5) Guidelines
3. E"a#uation
Embodiment Design
21
Design
Specifications
(a,out+
Final Assy.
Sub Assy.
Component
Geometry
Proses
Produksi
G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
1) Design for X
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G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
2) 1esign to llo6 #or !7pansion
!"pansion
!"pansion of components
Relative !"pansion of Components
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G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
3) 1esign to llo6 #or *reep and &ela7ation
Be#aviour of $aterials Sub%ect to
Temperature C#anges
Creep
Rela"ation Rela"ation
Design Features
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G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
4) 1esign against *orrosion
Causes and !ffects of Corrosion
Free Surface Corrosion
Contact Corrosion
Stress Corrosion Stress Corrosion
Selective Corrosion &it#in a $aterial
'eneral Recommendation
!"amples of Design against Corrosion
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G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
5) 1esign to Minimise 8ear
Causes and !ffects
Design Features
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G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
6) 1esign #or !rgonomics
Fundamentals
(uman Activities and !rgonomic Constraints
Identifing !rgonomic Re)uirements
2,
G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
,) 1esign #or est+etics
im
9isual 'n#ormation
'uidelines for Aest#etics
2-
G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
-) 1esign #or Production
Relations#ip Bet&een Design and Production
Appropriate *verall +aout Design
Appropriate Form Design of Components
2.
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR CAS'
CO4PONEN'S
3/
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR CAS'
CO4PONEN'S 7CON'8D.
31
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR CAS' CO4PONEN'S 7CON'8D.
32
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
SIN'ERED CO4PONEN'S
33
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
SIN'ERED CO4PONEN'S
34
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
DROP=<ORGED PAR'S
35
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
DROP=<ORGED PAR'S 7CON'8D.
36
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
DROP=<ORGED PAR'S 7CON'8D.
3,
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
CO4PONEN'S 4AC6INED B> '%RNING
3-
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
CO4PONEN'S 4AC6INED B> '%RNING 7CON'8D.
3.
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
CO4PONEN'S 4AC6INED B> BORING
4/
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
CO4PONEN'S 4AC6INED B> 4I((ING
41
DESIGN G%IDE(INES $I'6 E;A4P(ES <OR
CO4PONEN'S 4AC6INED B> GRINDING
42
G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
-) 1esign #or ssembl4
Tpes of Assembl
'eneral guidelines for Asssembl
Designing Assembl Interfaces
43
ARRANGE ASSE4B(> OPERA'IONS
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RED%CE ASSE4B(> OPERA'IONS
45
S'ANDARDI?E ASSE4B(> OPERA'IONS
46
SI4P(I<> ASSE4B(> OPERA'IONS
4,
RED%CE IN'ER<ACES
4-
S'ANDARDI?E IN'ER<ACES
4.
SI4P(I<> IN'ER<ACES
5/
G%IDE(INES IN E4BODI4EN' DESIGN
7CON'8D.
-) 1esign #or Maintenance
.) 1esign #or &ec4cle
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C(OSING
Kara)teristi) Perancangan $u!ud@
Komp#e)s
Iteratif
4u#tidisip#in
4emer#u)an )er!asama ,ang erat antara 4emer#u)an )er!asama ,ang erat antara
eragai a/#i
Diper#u)an eragai pengami#an )eputusan
,ang penting da#am perancangan
Dapat diguna)an seagai *)endaraan+ untu)
)er!asama antara eragai KK di <'4D
52
PERANCANGAN $%&%D
Princip#e
So#ution/
Concept
Design
and
Requirements/
Design
'ata (eta)
*Sistem 'e)ni)+/
*Definiti"e
(a,out+
Material Fungsi
5. Steps
-. C/ec)#ist
0. Ru#es
1. Princip#es
2. Guide#ines
3. E"a#uation
Embodiment Design
53
Design
Specifications
(a,out+
Final Assy.
Sub Assy.
Component
Geometry
Proses
Produksi