Lesson 3.

6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 1 of 8
Combinations of Transformations









(( ))










Writing Transformations Using Function Notation

General function notation (( )) , () represents any function
Quadratic
Root


Rational

We will put together all of our transformations in order to graph and state domain and range.
Remember that when we graph transformations, translations are ALWAYS performed last.
It does not matter if you stretch/compress first or reflect first.

If < 0 _______________________

If < 1 ______________________

If > 1 ______________________
If < 0 __________________________

If > 0 __________________________
If < 0 _______________________

If < 1 ______________________

If > 1 ______________________
If < 0 __________________________

If > 0 __________________________
Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 2 of 8
Overview of the Methods for Graphing Transformations of Functions

Method #1: Origin and Step Pattern

Step pattern for base

:

Step pattern for base
:

Step pattern for base

(all steps from (0,0)):
Origin (0,0)
1 right, 1 up
1 right, 3 up
1 right, 5 up
etc.
(repeat for left steps)
Origin (0,0)
1 up, 1 right
1 up, 3 right
1 up, 5 right
etc.

1
2
right, 2 up
1 right, 1 up
2 right,
1
2
up
etc.
(repeat using left and down
steps)

Graphing (( )) :
1) Move the origin of the base graph to ( )
2) Apply the modified step pattern from this new origin
Horizontal stretches/compressions will affect the right steps (multiply these by

)
Vertical stretches/compressions will affect the up steps (multiply by )
*Note: reflections will change the direction of the steps
Reflection in x-axis: up steps change to down
Reflection in y-axis: right steps change to left
Ex 1. Graph ()

2 using the origin and step pattern method.

New origin:



Steps:












Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 3 of 8
Method #2: Multiple Graphs
1) 1
st
graph: base function
2) 2
nd
graph: stretches and reflections
3) 3
rd
graph: translations

Ex. Graph () 2 2 3 using the
multiple graphs method.















Method #3: Mapping Notation
1) Multiply all the base graphs x-coordinates by

then add
2) Multiply all the base graphs y-coordinates by , then add


Base Transformed
Function () (( ))
Points ( ) (
1

)

Ex. Graph ()

1 using mapping notation.

Base graph points Transformed
( )













Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 4 of 8
Equivalent Transformations

Horizontal stretches and compressions can have the same effect (produce the same graphs) as
vertical compressions and stretches. However, the scaling factor may be different.
Function Horizontal
stretch/compression by
a factor of?
Rewrite the equation in
the form ()
Vertical
stretch/compression by
a factor of?
() 4
Horizontal compression
by a factor of 1/4
() 4
2
Vertical stretch by a
factor of 2
()

1
3


() (3)

() (
1
2
)

()
1
2


()
1
1
3

If we represent vertical and horizontal stretches and compressions with the variables
for vertical stretches/compressions
for horizontal stretches/compressions,

1) How do we change () to () ? (What is the relationship between and ?)



2) How do we change () ()

to ()

? (What is the relationship between and ?)

3) How do we change ()

to ()

? (What is the relationship between and ?)

Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 5 of 8
Domain and Range

How do the variables , , and in the transformation (( )) affect the domain and
range?
Domain Range
Base function ()

* + * 0 +
Transformed
Function
() (( ))

* +
If > 0,



If < 0,



Example
() 3(
1
2
( 5))

4


Base function
() * 0 + * 0 +
Transformed
Function
() ( )
If > 0,



If < 0,



If > 0,



If < 0,



Example
() 2

1
3
2 5

Base function
()
1

* 0 + * 0 +
Transformed
Function
()

( )


Example
()
4
3 6
5

Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 6 of 8
Combinations of Transformations Practice

List, in order, the transformations that would be applied to the base functions graph to produce each image.
Sketch each graph using any method but be sure to show the appropriate amount of work.

FUNCTION WORK GRAPH
1. 2( 5)

Base:

Transformations:















2.

(2 6)

1

Base:

Transformations:
















3. 3

2

Base:

Transformations:















Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 7 of 8
4. 2

1 3

Base:

Transformations:















5.

4

Base:

Transformations:
















6.

1

Base:

Transformations:




















Lesson 3.6 Combinations of Transformations
Page 8 of 8
Graph (2 ) 1 given the graph of (). State the transformations that have occurred.















Graph (2) given the graph of (). State the transformations that have occurred.
















Graph

( 4) 1 given the graph of (). State the transformations that have occurred.