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ICS 25.160.10
J 33
Record No.: 31130-2011


Electric Power Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China

DL/T 819-2010
Replace DL/T 819-2002




The code of the welding heat treatment for power plant








Issued on January 9, 2011 Implemented on May 1, 2011


Issued by National Energy Administration








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Table of Content
Preface ............................................................................................................................................. 1
1. Scope .......................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Normative Reference ................................................................................................................. 3
3. Terms and Definitions ............................................................................................................... 3
4. General requirements ................................................................................................................ 5
5. Heating device and heating method ....................................................................................... 6
6. Welding heat treatment technology ......................................................................................... 8
7 Temperature measuring ........................................................................................................... 12
8. Post-weld heating treatment technology measures ............................................................ 15
9. Quality inspection ..................................................................................................................... 17
10. Technical documents ............................................................................................................. 19
Appendix A ..................................................................................................................................... 20
(Normative Appendix) .................................................................................................................... 20
Technical conditions for flexible ceramic resistive heater .............................................................. 20
Appendix B ..................................................................................................................................... 22
(Informative Appendix) ................................................................................................................... 22
Operation card for welding heat treatment, operating record for welding heat treatment, operation
statistical table for welding heat treatment ...................................................................................... 22
Appendix C ..................................................................................................................................... 25
(Informative Appendix) ................................................................................................................... 25
Preheating temperature for common steel ....................................................................................... 25
Appendix D ..................................................................................................................................... 27
(Informative Appendix) ................................................................................................................... 27
Post-welding heat treatment temperature and time for common steel ............................................ 27
Appendix E ..................................................................................................................................... 29
(Normative Appendix) .................................................................................................................... 29
Quality evaluation form for post-welding heat treatment ............................................................... 29



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Preface
According to experience since the implementation of DL/T 819-2002, with reference to the
application of new material technology achievements for supercritical, ultra-supercritical
thermal power unit in recent years, as well as the scientific and new technology
achievements for welding heat treatment, with reference to the United States ASME, AWS
and other standards, compared with the DL/T 819-2002 Thermal Power Plant Welding Heat

Treatment Technical Code, this standard is modified as follows:
--- The scope of this standard is expanded to all steel parts of thermal power plant for
which the welding heat treatment is necessary;
--- Structurally, in order to describe the temperature measurement in a more detailed way,
Chapter 7 of the original standard on temperature measurement is enriched to be a
separate chapter; in order to emphasize the process control, evaluation process and
requirements on quality of heat treatment after welding, Chapter 8 of the original
standard is adjusted to be a separate chapter.
--- The terms of GB/T 3375 are adopted, with the term range of soak band and width of
heating added.
--- The requirements for thermal insulation material are added.
--- The content on Safety requirements is simplified.
--- The heating method is more detailed, and the content of the heating equipment of the
original standard is adjusted with the requirements on heating furnace added, and the
limitation on the thickness of the medium frequency induction heating is changed from
the original 30mm to 100mm.
--- The original Section 6.1 is changed as Determination of documents on site welding
heat treatment, with the relationship between assessment of welding process and site
process instruction documents clarified.
--- Requirements on weld preheating, heat treatment of dissimilar steels are detailed.
--- The requirements on heat treatment constant temperature and holding time after
welding are adjusted, with new steels added.
--- The thermocouple installation requirements are adjusted, with the use requirements of
the compensating conductor added.
--- Temperature measurement requirements for other methods are adjusted.
--- The heating range of heat treatment after welding has been adjusted.
--- The quality evaluation of heat treatment after welding has been added.

This standard is put forward by the China Electricity Council.

This standard is filled by the Technical Committee for Welding Standardization of power
station in the electric power industry.

This standard is mainly drafted by China Electric Power Research Institute.

This standard is also drafted by Henan No. 1 Thermal Power Construction Company,
Shanghai Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd, Shanghai Electric Power Construction

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Second Engineering Company, Anhui Electric Power Construction First Engineering
Company.

This standard is mainly written by Guo J un, Chang J ianwei, Qiao Yaxia, Qiu Minglin, Feng
Caigen, Lin Zhihua and Yu Shihong.

From the date of implementation, this standard replaces DL/T 819-2002.

During the implementation of this standard, the suggestions or advice can be sent to the
Management Center for Standardization of China Electricity Council (Baiguang Road 2#1,
Beijing, 100761).

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The code of the welding heat treatment for power plant
1. Scope
This code provides the welding heat treatment requirements on the fabrication, erection
and inspection of steel bearing-pipe and component for terminal power plant.
This code is applicable to the preheating, post-heating and post-weld heating treatment
on the welding piece.
2. Normative Reference
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. Where
the reference documents are marked with a date, only the version with a date is applicable
to this document; otherwise, the latest version (including all the modification lists) shall be
applied.
GB/T1234 High Resistance Heating Alloy
GB/T2614 Nickel-chrome and Nickel-silicon Thermocouple Wire
GB/T 3375 Welding Terminology
GB/T 4654 General Technical Conditions of Non-metallic Base Infrared Radiation Heater
GB/T 4989 Compensation Lead Used for Thermocouple
GB/T9452 Measuring Method for Effective Heating Area of Heat Treatment Furnace
GB/T 16839.1 Part 1 of Thermocouple: Indexing Table
GB/T 16839.2 Part 2 of Thermocouple: Tolerance
GB/T 17394 Metal Leeb Hardness Test Method
DL/T 752 Welding Technical Procedures of Dissimilar Steel for Thermal Power Plant
DL/T 868 Qualification Procedures for Welding Process
DL/T 869 Welding Technical Procedures for Thermal Power Plant
DL/T 884 Technical Guideline of Metallographic Examination and Assessment for
Thermal Power Plant
J B/T 9238 Technical Conditions of Industrial Thermocouple Technology
3. Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions of GB/T 3375 are applicable to this standard.
3.1 Welding heat treatment
The welding heat treatment refers to a process to improve the welding process
performance, the metallographic organization of welding joint and mechanical property
through the full or local heating, thermal insulation and cooling before, during or after
welding, including pre-heating, post-heating and post-weld heating treatment.
3.2 Range of soak band
During the heating process at constant temperature, the temperature difference of welding
joint in the direction of through thickness is less than or equal to the specified scope of the
heated metal.
3.3 Width of heating
It refers to the minimum width of imposed heating source during the heating process, in
order to reach the required range of soak band for the welding piece, such as the width of

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heating device during the electrical heating and the heating range during the flame
heating.

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4. General requirements
4.1 Personnel
4.1.1 The welding heat treatment personnel should be taken the special training and with the
certificates. If the personnel without the certificates, they can only do the auxiliary
work of the welding heat treatment.
The welding heat treatment staff includes the technicians and operators (also called
workers).
4.1.2 Responsibilities of heat treatment technicians
a) Take charge of the preparation of construction scheme, operation instruction, process
card and other technical documents for welding heat treatment, and the technical
disclosure.
b) Direct and supervise the work of heat treatment workers, and elevate the heat treatment
procedures and results after welding.
c) Collect, summarize and settle the welding heat treatment data.

4.1.3 Responsibilities of heat treatment workers
a) Strictly obey the construction scheme, operation instruction and process card for welding
heat treatment during the construction.
b) Record the heat treatment procedures.
c) Insist on self-inspection after heat treatment.

4.2 Welding device
4.2.1 The device should satisfy the technology requirement to be safe and reliable.
4.2.2 During the welding heat treatment, the measuring device such as measurement &
control device and thermocouple should be calibrated and used before expiration date.
The measuring device should be calibrated again after being maintained.
4.2.3 The temperature-control accuracy of the device should be within 5. According
to the temperature (which is indicated on the automatic recorder), adjust the temperature
which is on the computer temperature-control system whose display unit shall be better
to be equipped with cold end automatic temperature compensator. Adopt the printed
welding heat treatment record curve, and the error should be smaller than 0.5% which has
been confirmed with calculation.
4.3 Thermal insulation material
4.3.1 The thermal insulation materials used for welding heat treatment shall comply with
the following requirements:
a) The thermal resistance value of thermal insulation materials shall be no less than
0.35m
2
/W.
b) For the thermal insulation materials used for flexible ceramic resistance heating or far

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infrared radiation heating, the melting temperature shall be over 1150 .
c) The thermal insulation materials used for induction heating shall have no shielding
effect to the electromagnetic field.
d) The thermal insulation materials used for flame heating shall be dry.

4.3.2 It is better to use aluminum silicate refractory fiber products, glass fiber cloth and
high silica cloth.

4.4 Safety requirements
4.4.1 In addition to the relevant requirements on safety operation, the following
requirements shall also be obeyed during the welding heat treatment work:
a) The protective articles should be worn to forbidden the scald.
b) At least two persons should be on duty.
c) When taking the electric heating, the conductor of heating device shall be prevented from
contacting with the welding piece.
4.4.2 When using the infrared thermometer, the laser shall be prevented form directly or
indirectly hurting your eyes.
5. Heating device and heating method
5.1.1 Furnace
a) It shall be equipped with temperature measurement and control devices for the automatic
recording of temperature.
b) For the effective heating area of furnace, the accuracy of thermal insulation shall reach
10, and the measuring method shall comply with GB/T 9452.
c) The calibration period of measurement and instrument of the effective heating area
shall be six months.
d) The furnace can be heated in electrical heating or flame heating method.

5.1.2 Flexible ceramic resistance heating device and far infrared radiation heating device

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a) The technical conditions of flexible ceramic resistance heating device shall comply with
Appendix A.
b) The technical conditions of far infrared radiation heating device shall comply with GB/T
4654.
c) If several heating devices are controlled by one furnace, the resistance difference
of each heating device shall be within the scope of 5%.
d) It shall be equipped with temperature measurement and control devices for the automatic
recording of temperature and the automatic control of the whole process.

5.1.3 Electromagnetic induction heating device
a) Its output power and frequency can make automatic response and meet the technical
requirements.
b) It shall be equipped with temperature measurement and control devices for the automatic
recording of temperature and the automatic control of the whole process.
c) The circle space of induction coil shall be determined according to the thickness of welding
piece and the proposed heating width.
5.1.4 Flame heating device
a) When use the oxygen-acetylene or other combustible liquid and gas, the corresponding
device may be used for flame heating.
b) The liquid and gas must be stored in cylinder (container) or pipe, with appropriate
measures taken to prevent the backfire.
c) The appropriate flame burning device shall be selected according to the size of welding
piece and the proposed heating area.
d) It shall be equipped with temperature measurement devices to monitor the temperature of
welding piece.

5.2 Application scope of heating method
5.2.1 The furnace is applicable to the preheating, post-heating and post-weld heating
treatment of the welding piece. For the different size or heating method of the welding
piece, the following requirements shall be reached:
a) When the welding piece is too large that it shall be divided into several parts for post-weld
heating treatment, the overlapped heating length shall be no more than 300mm.
b) When the flame heating is adopted, it shall be ensured that the flame will not directly wash
the welding piece to be heated.

5.2.2 The flexible ceramic resistance heating, far infrared radiation heating and
electromagnetic induction heating are all applicable to the preheating, post-heating and
post-weld heating treatment of the welding piece. For the welding piece with obvious
sharp corner or at the thickness more than 100mm, the intermediate frequency
electromagnetic induction heating shall not be used.
5.2.3 The flame heating method can be used for the preheating and post-heating of the
welding piece when the other methods are not applicable. If the flame heating method
is used for post-weld heating treatment of the welding piece, the following requirements
shall be reached:

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a) The detail operation program shall be prepared to ensure that the heating is relatively
uniform, with effective temperature control measures taken.
b) The flame heating method is not applicable to the post-weld heating treatment of the
high-alloy steel welding piece.

5.3 Control of flame heating
5.3.1 When several nozzles are used, they should be symmetrically arranged and uniformly
heated.
5.3.2 The flame center should be more than 10mm away from the working area. The
moving speed of the nozzle should be stable and not long stay at one place. In the
process of flame heating, the burning of flame shall be carefully controlled to
prevent metal oxidization or recarburization.
5.3.3 The flame heating should make the welding seam as center; heating width should be
50mm more than the welding seam on the two ends.
5.3.4 The constant time of the flame heating should be calculated as one minute for each
one millimeter of the welding piece.
5.3.5 After the heating, the dry heat-insulating material should be used immediately for the
purchase of thermal insulation.
6. Welding heat treatment technology
6.1 Determination of documents on welding heat treatment
6.1.1 The key parameters of the welding heat treatment (such as heating manner, heating
time, heating speed and isothermal temperature) shall be evaluated in accordance
with the welding procedure qualification stated in DL/T868.
6.1.2 The actual specifications of welding piece and construction conditions should be
combined with the site condition to prepare the operation instruction or process card of
welding heat treatment (in the form as shown in Appendix B), and confirm the key
parameters of the welding heat treatment which can be implemented during the
welding heat treatment of the first welding piece.
6.1.3 The operation instruction or process card of welding heat treatment confirmed by the
first welding piece will be carried out in the follow-up work.

6.2 Preheating
6.2.1 Preheating temperature
a) The preheating temperature of welding piece shall comply with the requirements of
operation instruction or process card, and that of the common steels shall refer to
appendix C.
b) When welding the dissimilar steels, the preheating temperature should be adjusted
according to the requirements stated in DL/T 752.

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6.2.2 Preheating manner and heating area
a) If the pipe external diameter is larger than 219mm meanwhile the pipe thickness is
larger than or equal to 20mm, take the flexible ceramic resistance heating, far infrared
radiation heating and electromagnetic induction heating method for preheating.
b) When the thermocouple outside the groove of monitoring welding piece reaches the
preheating temperature, it shall be held for a certain time to make the temperature of the
groove parts to be welded meet the requirements.
c) When the heater is respectively arranged on both sides of the weld joint or covers the
whole area, the preheating width should be calculated from the welding edge: if the flexible
ceramic resistance heating or far infrared radiation heating method is used, the heating
width at each side should be no small than four times of the welding piece thickness; if the
electromagnetic induction heating or flame heating method is used, it should be no
small than three times of the welding piece thickness and no small than 100mm.
d) When the weld area is like dotted form, the heating area is a nearly round area with the
welding center as the center of a circle and with nine times of the maximum depth size
of weld seam as the radius.
6.2.3 Pre-heating warming up
a) The pre-heating warming up shall be carried out before welding again in case of the
occurrence of interrupt.
b) The process of pre-heating warming up corresponds to that of pre-heating.

6.3 Post-heating
6.3.1 For the welding piece which has the cold crack tendency, if the post-heating
treatment cannot be taken immediately after the welding work, the post-heating
should be taken. The post-heating process is: 300~400 for the heating temperature,
2h~4h for the holding time.
6.3.2 For the welding on Martensitic steel, if the post heating is necessary, it should be
taken after the welding piece is at 80~120 for the heating temperature and 1h~2h
for the holding time.
6.3.3 The post-heating width should be no small than the preheating width.

6.4 Post-weld heating treatment
6.4.1 The post-weld heating treatment shall be carried out according to the provisions of
DL/T 869 and DL/T 752 or other regulations or technical documents. For the
Martensitic steel containing 9%~12% Cr, the post-weld heating treatment shall be
carried out immediately before its transformation; otherwise, the post-heating is
applicable according to the requirements of Section 6.3.
6.4.2 The principles to select the constant temperature of post-weld heating treatment:
a) It shall not exceed the lower transformation temperature (A
c1
) of the welding material
melting metal or the raw materials at both sides (whichever is lower), generally 30
lower than this A
c1
.
b) For the welding joint of tempering structure, it shall be lower than the backfire of
tempering treatment.

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c) For the dissimilar welding joint, the DL/T 752 is applicable.
6.4.3 Determination of holding time for post-weld heating treatment:
a) It shall be determined according to the type of material, heating manner and the
thickness of welding piece.
b) Generally, it is determined according to the thickness of welding piece. For the low-alloy
steel, the holding time is calculated as 2~3 min/mm for at least 30min; for the high-alloy
steel, the holding time is calculated as 4~5 min/mm for at least 60min. When the
electromagnetic induction heating is used, the value tends to the lower limit of the above
calculation results; when the flexible ceramic resistance heating or far infrared radiation
heating is used, the value tends to the upper limit of the above calculation results.
c) The holding time of tube seat or re-welding piece is determined according to the nominal
thickness instead of the thickness of welding piece for at least 30min. The
nominal thickness can be calculated according to the specific weld structure:
1) For the re-welding piece and non-through tube seat, as shown in Figure 1a) and Figure
1b):
When h<5mm,
When h=5~10mm
When h>10mm,
Where,
The h refers to the re-welding thickness or height, in the unit of mm.
2) For the full-through sitting tube seat, as shown in Figure 1c):

3) For the full-through inserting tube seat, as shown in Figure 1d):


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a) Figure on defect depth of re-welding piece b) Figure on non-through tube seat

c) Figure on full-through sitting tube seat d) Figure on full-through inserting tube seat
Figure 1 Calculation of Nominal Thickness

6.4.4 The post-weld heat treatment temperature and time of constant temperature of the
common steels shall refer to Appendix D.
6.4.5 The following principles should be taken for the speed of temperature rising and
reducing:
a) The speed of temperature rising and reducing for the welding heat treatment is 6250/
and no smaller than 300/h (the unit is/h, is the thickness of welding piece
and unit is mm); when the thickness of welding piece is over 100mm, the speed of
temperature rising and reducing shall be controlled as 60/h; the speed of
temperature rising and reducing can be not controlled if the temperature is below 300.
b) When the outer diameter of the tube is no more than 108mm or the thickness is no
more than 10mm, the heating speed may not be controlled if the electromagnetic
induction heating is used.
c) The speed of temperature rising and reducing for the welding heat treatment shall be
calculated according to the thickness of the main tube in case of the re-welding piece or
tube seat.
6.4.6 When preparing the measures of post-weld heating treatment, the following potential
factors and corresponding measures shall be taken into consideration:
a) For the steel which may have crack after re-heating, the constant temperature shall be
kept away from the sensitive temperature interval which shall be passed as soon as
possible during the rising or reducing of the temperature.
b) For the steel which may have backfire friability, the fast cooling method shall be used
for post-weld heating treatment.

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c) The loading tools used for cooling weld joint shall not be removed until the post-weld
heating treatment is finished.
d) For the welding piece with the thickness more than 100mm, special measures shall be
taken to ensure enough range of soak band during the post-weld heating treatment.
7 Temperature measuring
7.1 Selection of Temperature measuring method
7.1.1 According to the heating methods, select the suitable method to measure the
temperature. Contact process is always adopted for flexible ceramic resistance heating,
far infrared radiation heating and electromagnetic induction heating, while non- contact
process is always adopted for flame heating.
7.1.2 Contact process temperature-measuring generally adopts the thermocouple,
temperature-measuring pen, contact surface thermometer etc. Non-contact process
temperature-measuring generally adopts the infrared thermometric indicator.
7.2 Requirements on thermocouple temperature-measuring
7.2.1 Selection of thermocouple
a) The thermocouple can be adopted according to the heat treatment temperature,
indicator type and accuracy of thermometer. The diameter and length of the thermocouple
should consider the size of welding piece, heating width and fixing manner.
b) The K graded waterproof armoring thermocouple or K graded thermocouple wire should
be adopted, with the quality reaching the requirements of GB/T168391, GB/T168392,
GB/T2614 and J B/T9238.

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P9
7.2.2 Erection of thermocouple
a) The erected location of the thermocouple should ensure that the
temperature-measuring is accurate, reliable and representative.
b) During the preheating, the thermocouple should be arranged within the heating area,
and the monitoring thermocouple shall approach to the groove to be welded as
much as possible. If necessary, other temperature measuring methods shall be
used to check the temperature at the groove to be welded, as shown in Figure 2.


Width of heating

Monitoring thermocouple
Temperature-controlling thermocouple

No.1 thermocouple

No.2 thermocouple
Figure 2 Figure on width of heating and layout of measuring points
c) Generally, if the pipe outer diameter is no more than 273mm during the post-heating and
post-weld heating treatment, a thermocouple can be used at the center of the weld seam;
more than two thermocouples could be arranged along the circle, but must ensure
even interval and one arranged at the center of the weld seam and the others arranged
where it is one time the thickness away from the weld seam and no more than 50mm, with
the temperature controlled by the thermocouple at the weld seam, as shown in Figure 3.


Width of heating
Width of thermal insulation

Weld seam

Monitoring thermocouple
Temperature-controlling thermocouple

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No.1 temperature area

No.2 temperature area
Figure 3 Figure on temperature-controlling area and layout of thermocouple
for post-heating and post-weld heating treatment
d) It shall be noted that the different may lead to the uneven temperature in the heating
area. For the pipe with outer diameter larger than 273mm, if this effect is obvious,
select applicable temperature-controlling to install thermocouple in accordance with
actual condition of heating area.
e) For the post-heating and post-weld heating treatment of special-shaped welding piece
(such as Tee and tube seat), appropriate measures shall be taken to make the actual
maximum heated temperate on the heated weld seam. There shall be at least three
thermocouples, one on the weld seam (for temperature-controlling) and two on
the same line on the outer wall of the same bus line of the pipe 20mm away from
the edge of weld seam.
7.2.3 Fixation of thermocouple
a) The thermocouple should be fixed by stored-energy welding, and other methods
which can ensure that the hot side is well contacted with the welding pieces.

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b) When the thermocouple is fixed by welding, it should be polished and cleaned up after
the heat treatment.
7.2.4 Precautions of installing thermocouple:
a) The thermocouple shall be arranged on representative welded joint at time of treating
many welding pieces in the same stove in order to ensure the individual accuracy of
temperature-measuring.
b) If percussion welder is adopted for welding the thermocouple, the interval between
welded joints of two thermocouple wires shall be no more than 6mm and two
thermodes and welding pieces shall be insulated.
c) If electromagnetism induction is adopted for heating, the elicitation direction of
thermocouple shall be vertical to induction coil
dCompensation wire shall be used for elicitation.
7.2.5 Use of compensation wire:
a) KCA, KCB type compensation wire matching K indexing thermocouple shall be used
and its quality shall be in agreement with requirements of GB/T 4989
bAt time of connecting compensation wire and thermocouple, the same polarity shall
connect and the connection shall be firm.
c) After using the compensation wire, cold end temperature compensation measures shall
be adopted if the cold end temperature is not stable.

7.3 Temperature measurement requirements of other methods
7.3.1 Scratch temperature measurement pen:
a) Scratch temperature measurement pen shall be selected with proper combination
according to heating temperature and precision of temperature measurement
b) At time of using scratch temperature measurement pen, change of scratch color shall
be observed promptly to prevent the temperature beyond specified scope.
7.3.2 Portable infrared thermometer:
a) Portable infrared thermometer shall be selected according to scope of measurement
temperature
b) Temperature shall be measured according to instructions of instrument.
8. Post-weld heating treatment technology measures
8.1 Heating area
8.1.1 The heating width of general pipeline butt joints shall be selected in accordance with
heating methods and the ratio between external diameter D and wall thickness . The
minimum width shall no less than 100mm. The heating center shall be located at
center of the welding joint. Measures shall be taken to decrease the temperature
difference between external and radial.
8.1.2 For electromagnetic induction heating, the heating width shall be calculated from the
center of the welding joint. Each side width shall no less than 3 times of the wall
thickness of the pipeline.
8.1.3 For flexible ceramic resistor heating and far infrared radiation heating, the heating
width is determined by the following methods:

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a) D/ 7.5: each side heating width from the welding joint shall be no less than 4 times
of the wall thickness;
b) 7.5 <D/ 7.5each side heating width from the welding joint shall be no less than 5
times of the wall thickness;
c) 10 <D/ 15 each side heating width from the welding joint shall be no less than 6
times of the wall thickness;
d) D/ >7.5 each side heating width from the welding joint shall be no less than 7
times of the wall thickness.
8.1.4 For the heating on tube seat, it should adopt the circle or annular heating method.
The heating width between the main pipe and the receiving pipe should be not
smaller than two times of the bigger thickness.
8.1.5 For the special-shaped welding piece (such as reducer, tube seat and Tee), more
heating devices controlled by the separate area shall be arranged at the side the metal
materials are larger in size, and the heating power is adjusted according to the actual
condition and temperature distribution of the welding piece.
8.2 Erection of heating device
8.2.1 For the erection of the flexible ceramic resistance heating device and far infrared
radiation heating device, the following provisions shall be reached:
a) When erecting the heating device, the overlap, slag, spatter on the welding pieces
should be cleaned up. Make the heater closely touch the surface of the welding
pieces. If necessary, special tools should be made.
b) For the post-weld heating treatment on the horizontally arranged pipes (whose
diameter is larger than 273mm) and the big size components, the temperature
-controlling in separate areas is applicable as per actual condition.
c) If several welding joints heating are controlled by one temperature-measuring
point, the arrange manner of the welding joint heater should be same, and the width and
thickness of the insulation layer should be same as far as possible.
Note: When take the preheating on the pipe with the cord-type heater, the heater should
be symmetrically arranged on the two ends of the groove. The twining coils numbers
and density should be same as far as possible. The twining direction should be
opposite.

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8.2.2 The installation of induction coil shall comply with the following requirements:
a) When the working frequency induction heating is used, the space between the induction
coil and the working piece is 10~50mm; for the induction heating at the intermediate
frequency or above, the space is 10~80mm.
b) For the installation of induction coil, the short circuit shall be avoided between circles.
c) No magnetic medium shall be left on the welding piece.

8.3 Temperature-difference control and thermal insulation
8.3.1 During the constant-temperature procedure of the welding heat treatment, for the
bearing-pipes (which is within the heating scope), the temperature-difference
between any two points should be smaller than 50.
8.3.2 The insulation width of the welding heat treatment should be calculated from the
edge of the welding seam groove, it should be no smaller than two times than pipe
thickness on each side, and more than 100mm.
8.3.3 The insulation layer thickness of welding heat treatment should be 40mm~60mm,
which can be reduced during induction heating. The temperature-difference of the
pipes can be reduced by changing the thickness of insulation layer.
9. Quality inspection
9.1.1 Quality inspection items
9.1.1 Following inspections should be taken before the heating treatment workers raise
the temperature, so as to confirm that it complies with the requirements of operation
instruction or process card:
a) Heating and temperature-measuring device, tools and wiring.
b) Heating device arrangement and temperature control area.
c) Heating area should satisfy the requirements of code and standard. The width and
thickness of the insulation layer should be suitable.
d) The erection method, location and quantity of the temperature-measuring points.
e) The stated heating temperature, holding time, temperature rising or reducing speed.
f) The site safety requirements.
9.1.2 The heat treatment workers shall keep the site operation record during the
welding heat treatment (in the form as shown in Appendix B), the requirements of
the self-check after the work which has been confirmed by the heat treatment
technicians are as following:
a) The technology parameters are within the controlling scope, with the automatic
recording curve.
b) Thermocouple should be without damage and displacement.
c) The welding heat treatment curve should be same with the process card.
9.1.3 Welding heat treatment technicians or welding engineers shall selectively check not
less than 20%(same steel welding piece containing 9%-12% of Cr shall be no less than
50%) of the same welding piece on the basis of qualification of self-checking by heat
treatment workers. They shall check relevant records and appearance of welding piece

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which has been conducted with post-weld treatment and evaluate the quality. The
contents are seen in the Appendix E and evaluating items contain all inspection items in
the table for quality evaluation of post-weld heat treatment.
9.2 Quality requirements of post-weld heat treatment
9.2.1 The quality of post-weld heat treatment shall be controlled by process control. If the
welding piece has been checked and in agreement with requirements according to the
provisions of 9.1.1 and 9.1.2, the quality of post-weld heat treatment shall be confirmed
as qualified. Otherwise, it shall be confirmed as unqualified.
9.2.2 If the heat treatment workers find unqualified items according to 9.1.1, they shall
immediately rectify and make them qualified; if they find unqualified items according to
9.1.2 or have doubts at time of selective examination according to 9.1.3, welding heat
treatment technicians or welding engineers shall jointly organize evaluation with quality
inspection personnel to find out reasons and formulate further qualify assurance
measures. In the meanwhile, weld hardness test or on-site metallographical test shall
be directly conducted.
9.2.3 Leeb hardness tester can be adopted to test the hardness according to provisions
of GB/T 17394 converted Brinell hardness value of weld joint shall be no more than 40%
of hardness value of original materials or 90% of harness value of original metal. If
hardness value of weld joint is too low or too high, on-site metallographical test shall be
conducted according to provisions of DL/T 884.
9.2.4 Welded joint the weld joint hardness of which is checked to be qualified shall be
judged to be in agreement with post-weld heat treatment.
9.2.5 In terms of welded joint with dissimilar steel which has been conducted with
post-weld heat treatment, the requirements of hardness inspection shall be performed
according to relevant provisions of DL/T 752.
9.3 Treatment of unqualified quality of post-weld heat treatment
9.3.1 If hardness value of weld joint is higher than welded joint of specified value caused
by insufficient temperature or time of post-weld heat treatment or on-site
metallographical test judges post-weld heat treatment to be insufficient, post-weld heat
treatment shall be conducted again.

19
9.3.2 If the hardness value is 80% lower than specified value, for constant temperature of
post-weld heat treatment is above standard or constant temperature of post-weld heat
treatment is overlong, or on-site metallographical test judges the weld joint of weld
metal is too hot, unless normalizing and tempering heat treatment can be implemented
on the site, the welded joint shall be cut off and welding shall be conducted again.
9.3.3 Weld joint the time of post-weld heat treatment of which is over 30% of specified
value of instructor on post-weld heat treatment technique and the hardness of which is
checked to be qualified shall be recorded.
10. Technical documents
10.1 Construction of welding heat treatment shall own instructor on on-site heat treatment
job or process card in agreement with evaluation parameters of welding technique and
also own operation records of on-site welding heat treatment, statistical table on the
job of welding heat treatment (the format is shown in Appendix B) and table for quality
evaluation of post-weld heat treatment.
10.2 Technical data of welding heat treatment in the technical data of welding turned over
after the completion of the project shall include:
a) Welding heat treatment curve of automatic recording;
b) Statistical table on the job of welding heat treatment;
c) Table for quality evaluation of post-weld heat treatment;
d) Relevant test and detection reports.

20
DL/T 819 2010

Appendix A
(Normative Appendix)
Technical conditions for flexible ceramic resistive heater
A.1 Flexible ceramic resistive heater is generally composed of resistance wire, ceramic
bushing (chip), outgoing line and accessories, and it may be rope-shaped heater,
crawler flake heater, finger heater, clamp heater, with not more than 1000 of
operating temperature.
A.2 Resistance wire should be made up of Cr20Ni80 alloy material with appropriate single
strand diameter of 0.35mm to 0.4mm, and its quality meets requirements of GB/T 1234.
Stranding No. of piles is preferably 37 to 42, and no joint and broken wire is allowed
when stranding resistance wire.
A.3 Ceramic bushing (chip) should be made up of oxide and composite oxide ceramic,
with high thermal emissivity required. Its softening point temperature should be more
than 1200, and dielectric strength more than 20Kv/mm. Requirement for thermal
shock resistance is being indehiscent for three times in 750 when quenched in water
of 25.
A.4 Connection of heater outgoing line and resistance wire preferably adopts stainless
steel conduit to connect and suppress, checking whether stainless steel conduit is
burr-free or not before pressure welding; it may also adopt low-resistance alloy welding
material to weld to ensure the quality of joints. Length of each nickel-chromium
resistance wire outgoing line should be not less than 400mm, and length of cooper wire
outgoing line not less than 200mm, sectional area of cooper wire not less than 10mm.
Connector of heater should adopt socket and spigot joint.
A.5 Pressure-resistant property of heater should be no breakdown in 1min under 2000V of
alternating current, insulation resistance not less than 100M (below 400), and high
temperature leakage value not more than 0.5Ma/kW (in 750).
A.6 Dimension error of effective heating part: rope-shaped heater and finger heater, not
more than 1%; flake heater, not more than 3%.
A.7 Cold resistance should be adopted to calculate power of heater in acceptance. The
error between calculated power and rated power should be not more than 5%.
A.8 For rope-shaped heater, under operating condition of 750 and 3h, the elongation of
resistance wire after being used for three times should be not more than 0.5%. For
crawler-type heater, select vitrolite of appropriate size according to specification of
heater: both ends of heater should be positioned with appropriate No. of ceramic pieces
with connecting hole, and the location of two ends should be the same. Ends of clamp
heater should have good sealing with heating elements, able to implement requirement
of partition temperature control as required.
A.9 With product qualification and quality certificate, quality certificate should at least
include but not limited to the following contents:
a) Filament diameter, No. of piles and quality certificate of resistance wire.

21
b) Effective size of heater.
c) Rated operational voltage.
d) Rated power.
e) Cold resistance design.


22
DL/T 819 2010
Appendix B
(Informative Appendix)
Operation card for welding heat treatment, operating record for welding
heat treatment, operation statistical table for welding heat treatment

For operation card for welding heat treatment, operating record for welding heat treatment,
operation statistical table for welding heat treatment, refer to Table B.1 ~B.3.
Table B.1 Operation card for welding heat treatment
Project name No.
Component
name
Material
Specification Welded junction No.
Preheat
Heating means Warming rate /h
Preheat
temperature
Bottoming:
Preheating:
Interpass temperature


Temperature
measurement
methods









Heating
measures






Insulation
measures






Postheat
Heating
temperature

Constant temperature
time

h
Other
requirements






Post-welding heat treatment
Heating means Warming rate /h Cooling rate /h
Heating width mm
Insulation layer
width
mm
Constant
temperature


Constant
temperature time
h
Thermocouple
model


Quantity


Process graph: Notes:
Formation Date Approval Date

23
DL/T 819 2010
Page___of____
Table B.2 Operating record for welding heat treatment
Project name: Date: Weather: Ambient temperature:
Component
name
J oint No. Material Specification Heating means
Warming and
cooling rate
/h

Constant
Temperature



Constant
temperature time
h


Process card
No.


Time
h
























Temperature

























Time
h
























Temperature

























Record requirements:
1).Operate strictly according to heat
treatment operation instruction or heat
treatment process card.
2). Record carefully, fill in clearly and
completely.
3) Record every other 0.5h.
4) Go to the heat treatment site to
inspect at least every other 0.5h.
5) Record ambient temperature every
other 0.3h when continuous operating
hours is longer.
Shift record Abnormal situation
record:
Recorder


Successor


Start time


End time

















24
Table B.3 Table of operation statistics for welding heat treatment
Page
Project name Component name
Serial
No.
Welded
joint No.
Material Specification
Heating
means
Heat
treatment
date
Automatic
recording No.
Heat
treat
category
Remark




Notes:
(1) The table is counted as per components and in heat treatment date order.
(2) Heating means are expressed as codes: DRelectric heater; GRinduction heating; HRflame heating;
LRfurnace heating.
(3) Heat treatment categories are expressed as codes: PWHTpost-welding heat treatment; POHpostheat;
PRHpreheat
Approved by: Counted by:
Date Date

25
DL/T 819 2010
Appendix C
(Informative Appendix)
Preheating temperature for common steel
Preheating temperature for common steel is shown in table C.1.
Table C.1 Preheating temperature for common steel
Steel specification
Pipe material Plate material
Thickness
mm
Preheat
temperature

Thick
mm
Preheat
temperature

Carbon steel and casting
(carbon content 0.35%)
26 100~200 34
100~150
C-Mn (Q345)
15 150~200
30
Mn-V (Q390) 28
1.5Mn-0.5Mo-V (14MnMoV,
18MnMoNbg)
15 150~200 15 150~200 0.5Cr-0.5Mo (12CrMo)
1Cr-0.5Mo (15CrMo,
ZG20CrMo)
1Cr-0.5Mo-V (12Cr1MoV)
1.5Cr-1Mo-V (15Cr1Mo1V,
ZG15Cr1Mo1V)
2Cr-0.5Mo-W-V
(12Cr2MoWVB)
1.75Cr-0.5Mo-V, 2.25Cr-1Mo
(12Cr2Mo)
3Cr-1Mo-V-Ti
(12Cr3MoVSiTiB), 10CrMo910
6 200~300 8 200~300
15NiCuMoNb5 (WB36),
15MnNbMoR
20 150~200 20 150~200
07Cr2MoW2VNbB (T/P23) 13 150~200 13 150~200
1Cr5Mo, 15Cr13 (1Cr13) Arbitrary 250~300 Arbitrary 250~300
9Cr-1Mo (T/P9), 12Cr-1Mo-V Arbitrary 300~350 Arbitrary 300~350
10Cr9Mo1VNbN (T/P91) Arbitrary 200~250 Arbitrary 200~250
10Cr9MoW2VNbBN (T/P92) Arbitrary 200~250 Arbitrary 200~250
10Cr11MoW2VNbCu1BN
(T/P122)
Arbitrary 200~250 Arbitrary 200~250

26
Note 1: The temperature (which is indicated in the table) is the confirmed minimum reheating
temperature according to the wall thickness. When take the backing with the argon arc
welding, the preheating can be taken on the temperature which is 50 lower than the
low limited temperature.
Note 2: For the low-content-alloy pipes and pipe fittings (which thickness is greater than or equal
to 6mm), the large-thickness plates should be welded below 0 and it should be 20
~40 higher than the lowest preheating temperature. For the low-content-alloy pipes
(which thickness is smaller than 6mm) and the carbon steel (which thickness is larger than
15mm), it should be welded below 0 and proper preheating should be taken.
Note 3: When welding the bearing components and non-bearing components, preheating should
be taken as the bearing components. When welding the sleeves and main pipe,
preheating should be taken as the main pipe.
Note 4: Upper limit value of preheating temperature in the table also can be understood as upper
limit of welding layer temperature

27
Appendix D
(Informative Appendix)
Post-welding heat treatment temperature and time for common steel
Refer to Table D.1 for post-welding heat treatment temperature and time for common
steel
Table D.1
Post-welding heat treatment temperature and time for common steel
Steel specification
Temperature

Welding piece thickness (mm)
12.5 12.5~25 25~37.5
375
~50
50~7
5
75~100
100~12
5
Constant-temperature time (h)
C0.35% 20, ZG25
C-Mn (Q345)
580~620
Not necessary
for heat
treatment
1.5 2 2.25 2.5 2.75
15NiCuMoNb5 (WB36)
15MnNiMoR
580~620 1 2 2.5 3 4 5
0.5Cr-0.5Mo (12CrMo) 650~700 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.25 2.5 275
1Cr-0.5Mo (15CrMo,
ZG20CrMo)
670~700 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.25 2.5 2.75
07Cr2MoW2VNbB
(T/P23)
720~740 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 4 5
1Cr-0.5Mo-V
(12Cr1MoV,
ZG20CrMoV)
1.5Cr-1Mo-V
(ZG15Cr1Mo1V)
1.75Cr-0.5Mo-V
2.25Cr-1Mo
720~750 0.5 1 1.5 2 3 4 5
1Cr5Mo, 15Cr13 (1Cr13) 720~750 1 2 3 4
2Cr-0.5Mo-WV
(12CrMoWVTiB)
3Cr-1Mo-V-Ti
(12Cr3MoVSiTiB)
750~770
0.75 1.25 2.5 4
9Cr-1Mo (T/P9)
12Cr-1Mo (X20)
1 2 3 4 5
10Cr9Mo1VNbN (T/P91) 750~770 1 2 3 4~5 5~6 6~7 8
10Cr9MoW2VNbBN
(T/P92)
750~770 1.5 2 4 5~6 6~7 8~9 10
10Cr11MoW2VNbCu1BN
(T/P122)
740~760 2 4 5~6 6~7 8~9 10

28
a. For tube socket or re-welding pieces, the constant temperature time is decided by nominal thickness of
welding pieces instead of welding pieces thickness, but should not be less than 0.5h. See 6.4.3 for
computing method.
b. For that without marked constant temperature time, calculate according to computing method specified in
6.4.3.


Appendix E
(Normative Appendix)
Quality evaluation form for post-welding heat treatment
Quality evaluation form for post-welding heat treatment is shown in table E.1.
Table E.1 Quality evaluation form for post-welding heat treatment
Project name Rating form No.
Component name Material
Specification Welding joint No.
Serial
No.
Evaluation items
Single evaluation
conclusions
1
Whether measurement of measuring, temperature
control instrument and recording instrument is effective

2
Actual installation of thermocouples pieces,
installation site:

3
Fixing means of actual installation of thermocouples:
4
Use compensation lead wire or not
5
Actual heating width mm,
Partition temperature control or not::

6 Actual insulation width mm, thickness..mm
7 Actual warming rate /h, cooling rate /h
8
Actual constant temperature for post-welding heat
treatment , constant temperature time h

9
Having automatic record or not
10
Whether recording curve is abnormal or not ( refer to
curve broken, abnormal fluctuation, random dot)

11
Whether surface of welding pieces is abnormal or not
(refer to severe scale cinder, flaw, etc.)

12 Others
Evaluation result:
Agree with operation instruction: Disagree with operation instruction:
Further detection opinion:
Hardness detection or not: Metallographic examination or not:
Treatment suggestions:
Post-welding heat retreatment: Pipe cutting for repair: Other ways:
Notes:
(1) Quality evaluation for post-welding heat treatment is implemented by heat treatment
technicians or together with quality inspection personnel.
(2) Single evaluation conclusions are divided into conformity and inconformity, expressed
as Y and N respectively.
Evaluated by: Date: