Based on the definition in the Wikipedia website, global warming is the rise in the average

temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans. Since it has started to occur in the late of 19
th

century, its projected continuation. Since the early 20
th
century, arths average surface
teperature has increased y aout 0. , with aout two-thirds of the increase occurring since
1980. The impacts of global warming are very severe to human beings, plants, and animals as it
brings along the climate change, the rise of sea levels and will change the amount and pattern of
precipitation, as well as cause a probable expansion of subtropical deserts. Hence, it is vital for
us to know what has causes global warmings fall out so that the effective measures can be
taken.

Human activity since Industrial Revolution has raised the amount of greenhouse gases in
the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide and methane. Most of them come from the combustion of
fossil fuels in cars, factories, and electricity production. These gases create the greenhouse effect,
which is a process of thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by the atmospheric
gases and is re-radiated in all directions. Since part of this re-radiation is back towards the
surface and the lower atmosphere, it results in an elevation of the average surface temperature
while the greenhouse gases are floated in the higher atmosphere because of their lower density
hence trapping the thermal radiation from reflected out into space. The radiation that has
converted to heat energy wars the arths surface, resulting in gloal waring. Therefore,
human demands of fossil fuels, industrial and electricity production has turned up the
greenhouse effect which causes the global warming.

The use of forests for fuel is one cause of deforestation, but in the first world, our appetite
for wood and paper products, our consumption of livestock grazed on former forest land, and the
use of tropical forest lands for commodities like palm oil plantations contributes to the mass
deforestation of our world. Forests remove and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as the
green leaves of a plant that contain chlorophyll is used to trap carbon dioxide and sun ray, and
convert them into oxygen. Thus, forests are essential for human and animal respiration through
the process mentioned which is called photosynthesis. However, deforestation releases large
amounts of carbon dioxide, as well as reducing the amount of carbon dioxide capture on
the planet and resulting in global warming as the carbon dioxide is the major gas
responsible for greenhouse effect.

In the last half of the 20th century, the use of chemical fertilizers which are nitrogen-rich ,
as opposed to the historical use of animal manure, has risen dramatically. The high rate of
application of nitrogen-rich fertilizers has effects on the heat storage of cropland because
nitrogen oxides have 300 times more heat-trapping capacity per unit of volume than carbon
dioxide resulting in the higher capacity of thermal radiation or heat energy absorbed and trapped
in the arths atosphere. Besides that, the run-off of excess fertilizers creates dead-zones in
our oceans. This is because of the hazardous chemicals in the excess fertilizers have endangered
the aquatics that are in their way besides ruining the aquatics environment. In addition to these
effects, high nitrate levels in groundwater due to over-fertilization has caused for concern for
human health as the groundwater is one of the human source of water consumption. Thus, the
uses of chemical fertilizers which contain nitrogen oxides not only cause global warming,
but endanger human and aquatics lives.

In a nutshell, the greenhouse effect caused of human demands of fossil fuels, industrial and
electricity productions, deforestation, and the uses of nitrogen-rich fertilizers lead to global
warming. Most scientists agree that humans are contributing to global warming. Without proper
and effective measures to reduce this phenomenon, the turnouts on human, animals and plants
will be catastrophic.