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This chapter consists of the presentation and analysis of data, which were
gathered from the respondents. These data were analyzed and interpreted to
come up with the results of this study. The data are presented in tables according
20%
internet
Figure 1.The Bases for the Tricks in Learning the Concepts of Newton’s Laws of
Motion
developed in this research were taken from the Internet. This may be partly due
to its accessibility and timeliness. But, the researchers did a deliberate selection
laws of motion. They found more appropriate tricks from the Internet than from
other sources. Moreover, they used their self-made rubric for a preliminary
survey of the list of tricks they selected from a variety of sources and it boiled
down to the final list of tricks used for this research. These were then subjected
suggestions from
teachers in physics
researcher's idea
33%
Figure 2 The Bases for the Games in Learning Newton’s laws of Motion
Similarly, this figure provides the pie-graph data for the games. The
researchers did a preliminary survey for the games and they make sure that the
enjoyment and active participation of students. They still made use of the rubric
through experts.
Below is the table containing the list of tricks and games directly taken
from its original sources, another list of tricks and games developed and modified
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by the researchers, and finally, a list with further modification after the validation
process.
Table 1. List of Tricks and Games Developed, Modified and Validated
Tricks and Games without Tricks and Games with Tricks and Games with further
Modification researcher’s modification modification after the assessment
of experts
Newton’s First Law of Motion Tricks and Newton’s First Law of Motion Tricks and Newton’s First Law of Motion Tricks and
Games Games Games
Game No. 1 Statue Dance
This dance game has several players. Let Game No. 1 Statue Dance Game No. 1 Green, Cross; Red, Stop
your guess choose their partner. Dance This dance game will involve all students. Teams of ten members will vie for the title "
along with the beat and every time music Everyone should choose his or her partner. Obedient Citizens". The game master will
stops playing; you have to stop dancing and They will dance without the music and will portray as the traffic enforcer raising either
freeze. The judge will look around the stop every time the music is played. If the red of green flag. Green flag means "Go" so
players to see if someone is moving or judges caught someone moving, either of the that every member of the team will cross the
smiling. If the judge caught anyone moving partners, they will be eliminated from the "Street" as much as he could to reach the
or smiling they will be out from the game. game. The last five remaining pairs will be other end of the street. Red flag means
The last pair wins the game. announced as winners. "Stop" and every member is expected to
http://www.allpartyideas.com/discoballbirthd stop right away. If the member steps the "X"
ayparty.shtml Trick No. 1: Getting the nail in the bottle. area, he should then return to the starting
point immediately after the traffic enforcer
Trick No. 1: Getting the tack in the cup. What you'll need: raises again the green flag. The team whose
What you'll need: 1 Nail members can finish the task the fastest will
1 Thumb tack 1 plastic tape be announced the winner.
1 plastic ring 1 bottle
1 bottle Trick No. 1: Getting the nail in the bottle.
What to do:
What to do: Balance the plastic tape on top of the bottle. What you'll need:
Balance the ring on top of the bottle. Balance the nail on top of the plastic tape. Pull 1 Nail
Balance the thumbtack on top of the ring. the tape off the bottle and see if the nail falls 1 plastic tape
Pull the ring off the bottle and see if the into the bottle. 1 bottle
thumbtack falls into the bottle.
Trick No. 2 Chalk Stand Trick What to do:
Balance the plastic tape on top of the bottle.
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3 elastic rubber bands of the same size string chains. Make a note of the distance the
string 30 marbles rubber bands have stretched at the moment
30 marbles 1 ruler the box begins to move and measure this
1 ruler using a ruler. Put the other 15 marbles into
Tie a piece of string tightly around the box. the box and pull the end of the elastic band
What to do: Attach one of the elastic bands to the string. chain again. Make a note of how far the
1.Tie a piece of string tightly around the Now attach the other two elastic bands to the elastic bands have stretched.
box. Attach one of the elastic bands to the first one in a chain. Put the box on a level
string. Now attach the other two elastic surface such as the carpet. Straighten out the Game No. 1 Coin Transfer
bands to the first one in a chain. chain of the elastic bands but do not stretch
them yet out. Put 15 marbles into the box. There will be five participating groups of 8-10
2.Put the box on a level surface such as the Slowly pull the end of the elastic band chains. members each. A paper boat will be given
carpet. Straighten out the chain of the Make a note of the distance the rubber bands for every group, which will be used in
elastic bands but do not stretch them out have stretched at the moment the box begins transferring the 5-centavo coin to a distance
yet. Put the ruler so that 0mm lines up with to move and measure this using a ruler. Put of one ruler by merely blowing the boat with
the end of the elastic bands chains. the other 15 marbles into the box and pull the coin (s). The members per group should line
end of the elastic band chain again. Make a up in whatever arrangements. The first
3.Put 15 marbles into the box. Slowly pull note of how far the elastic bands have member is tasked to transfer only one coin
the end of the elastic band chains. Make a stretched. while the second and third members should
note of the distance the rubber bands have transfer two and three coins respectively.
stretched at the moment the box begins to Game No. 1 Coin Transfer This sequence will continue until the last
move. member could no longer transfer the number
There will be five participating groups of 8-10 of coins intended for him. The group with the
4.Put the other 15 marbles into the box and members each. A paper boat will be given for highest number of coins will be recognized
pull the end of the elastic band chain again. every group, which will be used in transferring as the winning team.
Make a note of how far the elastic bands the 5-centavo coin to a distance of one ruler
have stretched when the box begins to by merely blowing the boat with coin (s). The Newton’s Third Law of Motion Tricks and
move this time members per group should line up in Games
Newton’s Third Law of Motion Tricks and whatever arrangements. The first member is
Games tasked to transfer only one coin while the Trick No. 1 Upside Down
second and third members should transfer
Trick No. 1 Upside Down two and three coins respectively. This Materials
sequence will continue until the last member 1 plastic cup
Materials could no longer transfer the number of coins Cardboard
1 drinking glass intended for him. The group with the highest
cardboard number of coins will be recognized as the What to do:
winning team. Fill the glass completely with water.
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tricks and games as means of teaching the concepts of Newton’s laws of Motion.
experts and on their rates they gave in the rubric for assessing the tricks and
games. The succeeding table reveals the rates of the validating experts for every
content of the tricks. As mentioned in the table, the researchers should find an
For the games, the criteria with poor ratings are content and functionality.
In fact, a validating expert commented that statue dance does not sufficiently
emphasize Newton’s first law. As a result, that game was omitted from the list
between the scores before and after the treatment. the pretest and posttest
scores are first determined and their difference is analyzed by Paired T-test
95% confidence interval is less than 0.05, then it can be said that there is a
significant difference between the scores. This further implies that the developed
tricks and games are effective in learning the concepts of Newton’s laws of
motion.
score of 7 and only a few scored higher than 8 to 11 points. In fact only 25 out of
126 students or 19.84% of the total sample population have reached the passing
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score, approximately 50 % of the total test items. This means that the
Newton’s Laws of Motion even they have taken up the topic during the first
grading period. The overall mean is 5, which implies that they have poor prior
of 7-13 points out of 15 items. The total number of respondents who passed
represents 51.59% of the total population. This is 31.75% higher than the
posttest scores using Paired T-test computed by SPSS. The result indicates that
the respondents. This implies that the developed tricks and games are effective
Paired Differences
95% Confidence
Interval of the p-value
Difference Computed Sig. (2-
Mean Lower Upper T df tailed)
Pair 1 -1.508 -7.519 125 - 7.519* 125 .000
Pretest
Score –
Posttest
Score
* Significant at α = 0.05
were tallied, and then subjected to Cronbach Alpha reliability test. Using SPSS in
reliability value. Hence, the effectiveness of the developed tricks and games in
LEGEND:
1 (1.00 – 1.79) Strongly Disagree
2 (1.80 – 2.59) Disagree
3 (2.60 – 3.39) Neutral
4 (3.40 – 4.19) Agree
5 (4.20 – 5.00) Strongly Agree
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Based on table 8, the means for items 1,2,3,5,8,10 which are all positive
statements about physics all belong to the interval for Agree. This implies that the
respondents have generally positive attitude towards physics. However, for items
9 and 6, most of them are neutral or undecided which means they are not sure to
say that physics has less relation to what they experience in the real world and
that they understand most of the concepts in physics. Finally, the respondents
agree to two negative statements that physics is a difficult subject and that
and10 which are all positive statements about physics, similar to their pre-attitude
response but of higher mean values. This suggests that they like physics more
than before they witnessed the presentation of tricks and their game
negative statements. This only means that they find physics not difficult as they
first view it and physics is now seen as having a relation to what they experience
in the real world. This positive change in attitude is caused by the simplicity of the
content and presentation of the tricks and the games they participated, which
interview with the respondents. For item no. 7, their response is consistent to that
of their pre-attitude response. This is to say that they are firm in stating that
The mean scores for pre-attitude and post-attitude tests do not show
significant difference in accordance to the result showed in table 10. Thus, the
* Significant at α = 0.05
pre-attitude response.
physics as a subject. The more positive their attitudes toward Physics before the
post-attitude response.
towards physics after the treatment. The more positive their post-attitude towards
Sum of Mean
Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between 51.879 3 17.293 4.735* .004
Groups
Within Groups 445.550 122 3.652
Total 497.429 125
* Significant at α = 0.05
schools.
among the schools. Hence, at least one mean for pretest performance is different
from the other schools. To pinpoint which school differs from the other three, the
Duncan test is used. According to table 14, MSU-IIT Coop Academy has a
Sacred Heart High School and Corpus Christi Parochial School. In fact, its mean
value is higher than the other three schools which indicate that the group of
Sum of Mean
Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between 52.588 3 17.529 3.433* .019
Groups
Within Groups 622.904 122 5.106
Total 675.492 125
* Significant at α = 0.05 is 2.6049
schools.
performance among the schools. Hence, at least one mean for posttest
16 unleashes that St. Therese Academy ‘s posttest mean is different from the
three other schools by having the lowest mean value. This result shows that, as
36
compared to the rest of the population sample, St. Therese Academy group of
and games may not be most effective in their learning of the concepts of
Newton’s laws of motion. On the other hand, Sacred Heart High School and
Corpus Christi Parochial School prove that they learned the concepts on
Newton’s laws of motion very well and have progressed, as depicted in their
mean scores. Though the group of respondents from MSU-IIT Coop Academy
belongs to the same group of SHHS and CCPS, its gain of improvement is lower
than the aforementioned schools since it has already high mean value in the
pretest.
schools.
Sum of Mean
Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between 110.891 3 36.964 1.404** .245
Groups
Within Groups 3185.077 121 26.323
Total 3295.968 124
* Not Significant at α = 0.05
schools.
response among the schools. This is further supported by Duncan test results,
which indicate that there is no school that varies from among the other schools.
This only means that the respondents share similar attitudes toward Physics.
Sum of Mean
Squares Df Square F Sig.
Between 347.123 3 115.708 4.479* .005
Groups
Within Groups 3151.417 122 25.831
Total 3498.540 125
*Significant at α = 0.05
schools.
attitude responses among schools. Then, it can be concluded that, at least one
The table below elaborates which among the schools makes the
difference. As can be seen, St. Therese Academy differs from the rest of the
group of schools. This goes to show that the respondents have no longer linger
to the whole population’s general attitude about physics. Their attitudes may