Transporting Dangerous Goods

Transporting Dangerous Goods
J uly 2011 1
Transporting Dangerous Transporting Dangerous
Goods Goods
J uly 2011
Welcome to training on how to ship Dangerous Goods.
We are going to help you understand how to legally and safely ship
specimensInfectious Substance, Category A and Biological Substance,
Category B.
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Part I: Dangerous Goods Part I: Dangerous Goods
Overview
Dangerous Goods: Overview
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What are dangerous goods? What are dangerous goods?
A dangerous good is any solid, liquid, or gas
that can harm people, other living organisms,
property, or the environment. An equivalent term
is hazardous material, or hazmat.
What are dangerous goods?
A dangerous good is any solid, liquid, or gas that can harm people,
other living organisms, property, or the environment. An equivalent
term is hazardous material, or hazmat.
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Why is this presentation important? Why is this presentation important?
By law, any person who causes dangerous
goods to be transported by public carrier must
follow certain dangerous goods shipping
regulations, including:
Sendout staff
Transporters of dangerous goods
Receivers of dangerous goods
Why am I here? Why is this presentation important?
Legally, anyone who causes dangerous goods to be transported by public
carrier must follow specific regulations. This includes sendout staff, those who
transport dangerous goods, and those who receive dangerous goods.
Its imperative to follow the regulations and to follow them correctly. If they are,
your specimen will not leak or be crushed in transit.
Keep in mind that there are numerous regulations that change all the time. One
person cannot understand or remember all the regulations, so dont be afraid to
ask or call someone if you are unsure.
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Who determines these regulations? Who determines these regulations?
Federal and state agencies have different
regulations and guidelines
Acronyms are commonly used:
IATA International Air Transport Association
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
DOT Department of Transportation
49 CFR Code of Federal Regulations
Who determines these regulations?
Various federal and state agencies
These agencies are often referred to by acronyms, which are used throughout this
presentation:
ICAO is the International Civil Aviation Organization. ICAO is a specialized
agency of the United Nations that develops and maintains principles and
arrangements to ensure the safety of international civil aviation. ICAO is the law.
IATA is International Air Transport Association, which is an association of airlines.
IATA is not the law although you must follow their regulations if you want the
airline to take your shipment. IATA closely follows ICAOs regulations. IATA
publishes dangerous goods regulations every two years. These regulations are
the easiest to read and follow.
DOT is the U.S. Department of Transportation.
49 CFR is the code of Federal Regulationsit is a document published by the US
Government with regulations regarding transporting hazardous materials focusing
mostly on ground transportation. However, it also contains information regarding
transporting hazmat by air, rail, and boat. 49 CFR is the law in the United States.
The CFR is modified periodically and the changes are written in the Federal
Register. We subscribe to a service that reads the Federal Register for us and lets
us know when any changes may pertain to us.
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What are these regulations? What are these regulations?
Laboratories must abide by the following
regulations:
Proper classification of specimens
Proper packaging of specimens
Proper labeling of specimens
Proper documentation of specimens for transport
Proper training of employees who handle
specimens
This presentation provides detail about each of
these regulations
What are these regulations?
The regulations imposed on most laboratories are related to specimen
classification, packaging, labeling, documentation, and the proper training of
staff.
This presentation covers each of these regulations in detail.
Every mode of transportation has its own rules that we must follow in addition
to the legal regulations.
Its the responsibility of the sendout staff to follow regulations, and its the
employers responsibility to train the individual to follow the regulations.
When in doubt, the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations and the 49 CFR
guidelines can help you prepare a specimen for shipment.
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Part II: Dangerous Goods Part II: Dangerous Goods
Proper Classification of Specimens
Dangerous Goods: Proper Classification of Specimens
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Hazard Classes Hazard Classes
There are nine hazard classestwo of these
are often used by laboratories:
Class 1: Explosives
1.3 Explosives
1.4 Explosives
Class 2: Gases
2.1 flammable gas
2.2 Non-Flammable,
Non-Toxic gas
2.3 Toxic (poison) gas
Class 3: Flammable Liquids
Class 4: Flammable Solids
4.1 Flammable solid
4.2 Spontaneously
combustible
4.3 Dangerous when wet
Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic
Peroxides
5.1 Oxidizers
5.2 Organic Peroxides
Class 6: Toxic (poisonous) and
Infectious Substances
6.1 Toxic Substances
6.2 Infectious Substances
Class 7: Radioactive
Class 8: Corrosive
Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous
Goods
First, Dangerous goods must be classified into the correct hazard class:
There are 9 hazard classes. If a hazard class is wide in scope, it may
be divided into additional divisions.
For training purposes, you should know all 9 hazard classes exist. But
generally, you will only use 2 of these hazard classes.
Infectious substances fall under Class 6, Division 6.2. Dry ice falls
under Class 9, Miscellaneous.
When preparing a specimen for shipping, you must know the hazard
class to complete the packaging and documentation correctly.
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Packing Groups Packing Groups
Packing groups within a hazard class indicate
the degree of danger:
Packing Group I Great Danger
Packing Group II Medium Danger
Packing Group III Minor Danger
Infectious and biological specimens are not
assigned to a packing group
Dry ice is assigned to Packing Group III
In addition to the 9 hazard classes most hazardous substances are further assigned
to a packing Group
The 3 packing groups indicate the degree of hazard the substance presents.
For training purposes, you should know the packing groups exist, however when
shipping medical specimens you will not need to refer to a packing group, as
neither 6.2 Infectious substances, nor Biological Substance Category B are
assigned to a packing group.
Dry ice under Class 9, Miscellaneous, requires a packing group.
You must specify a packing group if you ship any type of acid, corrosive, or
flammable.
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Infectious Substances Infectious Substances
Infectious substances (Class 6, Division 6.2) are
divided into two categories:
Category A, Infectious Substance Affecting
Humans
Category B, Biological Substance
Rules for packaging and shipping are
determined by whether a substance is Category
A or Category B
Class 6, Division 6.2 Infectious substances are divided into two categories:
Category A, Infectious
Rules for packaging and shipping are determined by how an infectious
substance is categorized
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Category A Infectious Substances Category A Infectious Substances
Category A is an infectious substance transported in a
form that, when exposure to it occurs, is capable of
causing permanent disability, life-threatening or fatal
disease to humans or animals.
Identified as:
UN2814, Infectious Substance, Affecting Humans in both 49
CFR and in IATA
Packing Instruction 620 in IATA (table 3.6.2.2.2.1)
Paragraphs 173.134 and 173.196 in 49CFR
Category A Infectious substances:
Category A is an infectious substance transported in a form that, when
exposure to it occurs, is capable of causing permanent disability, life-
threatening or fatal disease to humans or animals.
(Note: An exposure occurs when an infectious substance is released
outside of the protective packaging, resulting in physical contact with
humans or animals.)
49 CFR and IATA require a Hazard Class 6 label
IATA packing instruction 620
The proper shipping name is Infectious substance Affecting Humans
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Category B Biological Substances Category B Biological Substances
Category B is an infectious substance, referred
to as a biological substance, that
does not meet the criteria for Category A.
Identified as:
UN3373 in 49 CFR
Packing Instruction 650 in IATA (table 3.6.2.2.2.2)
Paragraphs 173.134 and 173.199 in 49CFR
Biological substance, Category B
Category B Infectious substances:
Category B is an infectious substance, referred to as a biological
substance, that does not meet the criteria for Category A.
Material taken from healthy individuals for the purpose of routine
analysis, such as blood sent for cholesterol testing or urine sent for drug
or alcohol screening, is also considered Category B, Biological substance.
49 CFR and IATA require a UN3373 marking
IATA packing instruction 650
The proper shipping name is Biological substance, Category B
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Category A & Category B Examples Category A & Category B Examples
Examples of Category A and Category B
substances:
Bacillus anthracis
(cultures only)
Brucella abortus
(cultures only)
Hepatitis B virus
(cultures only)
Herpes B virus
(cultures only)
Category B, Biological
HIV
Hepatitis
West Nile
SARS
How do you know if a substance is Category A, Infectious or Category
B, Biological?
It is the responsibility of the laboratory staff to classify the specimen.
This slide lists some examples of Category A, Infectious or Category
B, Biological examples.
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Category A Examples Category A Examples
Examples of Category A, Infectious substances:
Bacillus anthracis (cultures only)
Brucella abortus (cultures only)
Brucella melitensis (cultures only)
Brucella suis (cultures only)
Burkholderia mallei - Pseudomonas mallei - Glanders
(cultures only)
Burkholderia pseudomalli - Pseudomonas pseudomallei
(cultures only)
Chlamydia psittaci - avian strains (cultures only)
Clostridium botulinum (cultures only)
Coccidioides immitis (cultures only)
Coxiella burnetii (cultures only)
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
Dengue virus (cultures only)
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (cultures only)
Escherichia coli, verotoxigenic (cultures only)
Ebola virus
Flexal virus
Francisella tularensis (cultures only)
Guanarito virus
Hantaan virus
Hantaviruses causing hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
Hendra virus
Hepatitis B virus (cultures only)
Herpes B virus (cultures only)
Human immunodeficiency virus (cultures only)
Highly pathogenic avian ifluenza virus (cultures only)
J apanese Encephalitis virus (cultures only)
J unin virus
Kyasanur Forest disease virus
Lassa virus
Machupo virus
Marburg virus
Monkeypox virus
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (cultures only)
Nipah virus
Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus
Poliovirus (cultures only)
Rabies virus
Rickettsia prowazekii (cultures only)
Rickettsia rickettsii (cultures only)
Rift Valley fever virus
Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus (cultures only)
Sabia virus
Shigella dyseteriae type 1 (cultures only)
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (cultures only)
Variola virus
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
West Nile virus (cultures only)
Yellow fever virus (cultures only)
How do you know if a substance is Category A, Infectious?
This slide lists Category A, Infectious examples. However, this list is
not inclusive.
As a reference, specimens that must be sent as Category A,
Infectious are found in Table 3.6D of the IATA regulations.
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Cultures Cultures
Cultures are the result of a process by which
pathogens are intentionally amplified or
propagated in order to generate high
concentrations. As such, the risk of infection is
increased if exposure occurs. This definition
does not include cultures intended for
diagnostic and clinical purposes.
Cultures can be classified:
Cultures:
Cultures are the result of a process by which pathogens are intentionally
amplified or propagated in order to generate high concentrations. As such,
the risk of infection is increased if exposure occurs. This definition does not
include cultures intended for diagnostic and clinical purposes.
Cultures can be classified as Category A, Infectious or Category B, Biological
Substance:
Any culture intended for the intentional generation of pathogens as well as
any culture shipped for identification purposes must be shipped as Category
A, Infectious.
Cultures can be shipped as Category B, Biological if they arent intended for
the intentional generation of pathogens and cant be found in the Category A
list in the IATA regulations.
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Part III: Dangerous Goods Part III: Dangerous Goods
Proper Packaging & Labeling
of Specimens
Dangerous Goods: Proper Packaging & Labeling of Specimens
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Packing by Classification Packing by Classification - - Air Air
Dangerous goods are assigned a packing instruction
based on their classification:
Category A, Infectious Substance Affecting Humans
Packing Instruction 620
Dry Ice
All dangerous goods are assigned a packing instruction:
Instructions for shipping by air are found in the yellow pages of the IATA
regulations.
Category A, Infectious substances use Packing Instruction 620.
Category B, Biological substances use Packing Instruction 650.
Dry Ice uses Packing Instruction 954.
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Packing for Category A Packing for Category A - - Air Air
Use UN-certified packaging:
T146
Packing Instruction 620 for Category A, Infectious substances requires UN-
certified packaging:
UN-certified packaging is a combination package consisting of inner and
outer containers that have passed a series of tests required by IATA and
the DOT. An independent lab conducts extensive tests on all of our boxes.
Testing is required every 2 years.
Tests include puncture tests, drop tests, and stacking tests.
UN-certified packing is tested as a combination package. The containers
by themselves are not considered UN-certified and are illegal to ship in
individually. You must always use the appropriate combination of
containers to ensure UN-certification.
NOTE: State Health Departments and the CDC may furnish their own
containers and documentation if you ship to them.
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Ensure the box is
marked UN-certified:
Do not consolidate
with other specimen
types
Use a package large
enough to
accommodate all
markings and labels
without overlapping
Certified shipping container T570
4G/CLASS6.2/11
USA/+AA4447
U
N
Packing Instruction 620 for Category A, Infectious substances has additional
requirements:
Ensure the box is marked UN-certified, as indicated on the slide. This
marking tells the carrier that this box has been certified to carry an
infectious substance.
The Category A, Infectious substance must be packaged by itself in a
certified container. The preferred container is our small white certified
shipping container, MML supply number T-570.
Even if you only have one Category A, Infectious specimen, you must ship it
alone; It cant be consolidated with any Category B, Biological substances.
You must use a box big enough to accommodate all the proper markings
and labels for the contents of the box. These labels must not overlap, be
obscured, or be folded over a corner. If there are any old/previous markings
or labels on your box, they must be completely removed or blacked out
before reuse.
See the slide for an example of a certified container.
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Packing instruction 620 requires that your package:
Arrive in good condition without presenting a hazard to
the public
Be packed in leak-proof primary and secondary
packaging
Contain enough absorbent material between primary
receptacles and secondary packaging to soak up
entire contents of the bag
Include an itemized list of contents between the
secondary packaging and outer packaging
Withstand 95kPa of pressure at temperatures between
-40F and +130F
requirements:
It must arrive in good condition without presenting a hazard to the
public.
You must pack it in leak-proof primary and secondary packaging with
enough absorbent material to soak up entire contents of the bag.
It must include an itemized list of contents between the secondary
packaging and outer packaging.
It must withstand a barometric pressure differential of not less than
95kPa at temperatures in the range of -40F to +130F.
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Packing for Category A Packing for Category A Air Air
Packing instruction 620 requires that your package:
Fit in a box with a smallest external dimension no less
than 100 mm (4 inches)
Not be consolidated with any other specimen types
Be marked with Suspected Category A Infectious
Substanceif an unknown culture is sent for
identification
Display the name and telephone number of a
responsible contact person on the exterior
Provide a positive means of securing ambient
temperature samples
requirements:
It must fit in a box with a smallest external dimension no less than 100
mm (4 inches).
Not be consolidated with any other types of specimens.
If you are sending a culture for identification, send it as Category A,
Infectious and use the technical name Suspected Category A Infectious
Substance.
Outside of the package must be marked durably and legibly with the
name and telephone number of a responsible contact person.
Ambient temperature samples must have a positive means of closure,
such as heat seal, skirted stopper, or metal crimp seal. If screw caps are
used, these must also be secured by positive means, such as tape,
paraffin sealing tape, or manufactured locking closure.
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Labeling Category A Packages Labeling Category A Packages Air Air
Packages containing Category A, Infectious
substances must be marked with:
Proper shipping name
Infectious substance Affecting Humans
UN2814
Name and address of shipper and consignee
6.2 infectious substance label
Cargo-only aircraft label if box contains more than
50 mL or 50 grams of infectious substance
Name and telephone number of a person responsible
for the shipment
In addition to the proper packaging, Category A, Infectious substances must
be labeled a certain way:
It must be marked with the proper shipping name, Infectious Substance
Affecting Humans.
Use the UN-certified number, UN2814, as well as the name and address of
the shipper and consignee.
Place a 6.2 Infectious Substance label on the box.
If the box contains over 50 mL or 50 grams of a Category A, Infectious
substance, it must also be marked with a cargo-only aircraft label.
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Labeling Category A Packages Labeling Category A Packages - - Air Air
Use proper labels:
6.2 Infectious Substance Label Cargo-only Aircraft Label
(for > 50 mL)
When shipping Category A, Infectious substances, you must use the
proper label:
You must always use the 6.2 Infectious Substance label, as shown on
the left.
If you are shipping over 50 mL or 50 grams of a Category A, Infectious
substance, the box must also be marked with a cargo-only aircraft label,
as shown on the right.
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Packing for Category B Packing for Category B - - Air Air
Ensure this diamond-
shaped mark is on the
outer packaging next to
the words Biological
Substance, Category B:
UN3373
Mark must be on a background of contrasting color
Mark must be at least 2by 2
Do not need a UN-certified box
Packing Instruction 650 for Category B, Biological substances has the
following requirements:
Ensure the box is marked with the diamond-shaped mark, shown on the
slide. The mark must be at least 2X 2and include the marking number,
UN3373.
The proper shipping name Biological Substance, Category Bmust be
marked on the box, adjacent to the diamond-shaped mark.
You do not need to ship Category B, Biological substances in a UN-certified
box.
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According to packing instruction 650, your package
must:
Be triple packaged with a primary receptacle,
secondary packaging, and rigid outer packaging
Include a leak-proof primary receptacle containing less
than 1 L of any liquid, as well as leak-proof secondary
packaging
Use packaging to prevent breakage of fragile vials
receptacle and secondary packaging to soak up entire
contents of the bag
Packing Instruction 650 for Category B, Biological substances has additional
requirements for air transport:
It must be triple packaged with a primary receptacle, secondary
packaging, and rigid outer packaging.
You must pack it in leak-proof primary receptacle containing less than 1
L of any liquid, as well as leak-proof secondary packaging.
If your vials are glass, you must wrap them in bubble wrap or rubber
band them together so that they do not break in transit.
The package must contain enough absorbent material to soak up the
entire contents of the bag.
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According to packing instruction 650, your package
must:
Withstand 95kPa of pressure at temperatures between
-40F and +130F
Contain no more than 4L in the outer packaging,
excluding ice
Include an itemized list of contents between the
secondary packaging and outer packaging
Be marked with Biological Substance, Category B
Display the name and telephone number of a
responsible contact person on the exterior
Packing Instruction 650 for Category B, Biological substances has additional
requirements for air transport:
It must withstand a pressure differential of not less than 95kPa at
temperatures between -40F and +130F.
It must contain no more than 4L in the outer packaging, excluding ice.
It must include an itemized list of contents between the secondary
packaging and outer packaging.
Use the proper shipping name, Biological Substance, Category B.
Outside of the package must be marked durably and legibly with the
name and telephone number of a responsible contact person.
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Packing for Category B Packing for Category B - - Ground Ground
Shipping by ground is similar to shipping by air. Your
package must:
Be triple packaged with a primary receptacle,
secondary packaging, and rigid outer packaging
Include a leak-proof primary receptacle containing less
than 1L of any liquid, as well as leak-proof secondary
packaging
Use packaging to prevent breakage of fragile vials
receptacle and secondary packaging to soak up entire
contents of the bag
Pass a drop test from the height of 4 feet
49 CFR for Category B, Biological substances has additional requirements for
ground transport:
Shipping by ground is very similar to shipping by air, with many of the
same requirements.
It must be triple packaged with a primary receptacle, secondary
packaging, and rigid outer packaging.
You must pack it in leak-proof primary receptacle containing less than 1
L of any liquid, as well as leak-proof secondary packaging.
If your vials are glass, you must wrap them in bubble wrap or rubber
band them together so that they do not break in transit.
The package must contain enough absorbent material to soak up the
entire contents of the bag.
The box must be capable of passing a drop test from the height of 4
feet.
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Labeling Category B Packages Labeling Category B Packages - - All All
Use proper labels:
Dry Ice Label UN Label
UN3373
When shipping Category B, Biological substances, you must use the proper
markings and labels:
You must always use the UN3373 marking, as shown on the left. Place the
mark next to the words Biological Substance, Category B.
If your specimen needs to be shipped on dry ice, use a dry ice label. This label
must include the weight of the dry ice, marked in kilograms.
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Labeling Category B Packages Labeling Category B Packages
Biological substance in berry box with UN-
certified number:
Note: UN-certified box is not required.
Biological Substance, Category B
UN3373
This slide shows an example of a box marked with the proper shipping name,
Biological Substance, Category Bnext to the UN3373 marking.
These are the only markings required for air or ground shipments.
If the specimen is liquid, your boxes needs to display orientation labels
on opposite sides. Since most of our specimens are liquid, our boxes
are preprinted with these arrows.
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Packing Cultures Packing Cultures
Ship all Category A cultures as infectious
Place Category B cultures in temperature color-
coded bag and mark with blue C
T146 T549
C
T549
When packing microbiology cultures:
Both Category A, Infectious and Category B, Biological cultures
should be sent in a Mayo Medical Laboratories (MML)-supplied
secondary container. Doing so ensures the safety of lab personnel.
For Category A, Infectious cultures, the secondary container must be
placed in the appropriate temperature color-coded bag. Then put an
orange infectious substance label on the bag. Write the name of the
Category A infectious agent in the space provided. Lastly, place a blue
Clabel on the bag.
For Category B, Biological cultures, the secondary container must be
placed in the appropriate temperature color-coded bag. Place a blue
Clabel on the bag.
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Shipping Cultures Shipping Cultures Category A Category A
Ship Category A, Infectious
cultures according to
Packing Instruction 620:
Can combine with other
cultures
Do not combine with
cultures
When shipping Category A, Infectious cultures:
Package Category A, Infectious cultures according to Packing
Instruction 620.
Use a certified combination box.
You can combine Category A, Infectious with other Category A,
Infectious cultures, but Category A, Infectious cannot be packed
with Category B, Biological cultures.
J uly 2011 32
Shipping Cultures Shipping Cultures Category B Category B
When shipping Category
B, Biological cultures:
Can combine with other
cultures
Do not combine with
cultures
When shipping without a
courier pickup, mark the
styro as well as the
exterior of the box with a
blue C
When shipping Category B, Biological cultures:
You can combine Category B, Biological with other Category B,
Biological. If the culture is Category B, Biological, it may be packed
with other Category B specimens.
Place a blue Clabel on the bag and styro that the Category B
culture is in, as well as on the outside of the box.
If you have a courier pickup, they will take care of labeling the styro
and box.
You must put the blue Clabel on the outside of the bag.
J uly 2011 33
Part IV: Dangerous Goods Part IV: Dangerous Goods
Transportation & Proper
Documentation of Specimens
Dangerous Goods: Transportation & Proper Documentation of Specimens
J uly 2011 34
United States Postal Service United States Postal Service
Follow the United States Postal Service (USPS)
regulations when shipping by U.S. Mail:
Similar to 49 CFR, but may include additional
requirements
Difficult to track packages sent by U.S. Mail
Contact:
Website www.usps.com
Phone (800) 275-8777
If you send specimens by U.S. Mail:
Follow the Post Offices Dangerous Goods regulations. These closely
follow the DOT regulations in 49 CFR, but may include additional
restrictions.
If you send specimens by U.S. Mail, they are hard to track should they
become lost.
For details, contact the USPS for their Dangerous Goods regulations.
They can also refer you to their hazmat expert if necessary.
J uly 2011 35
Air Carrier Air Carrier
Follow the IATA/ICAO regulations when shipping
by air
Contact:
Website www.iata.org
Email information@iata.org
Hotline (514) 390-6770
If you send specimens by air:
Follow the IATA/ICAO Dangerous Goods regulations.
Call the IATA hotline if you need assistance.
J uly 2011 36
Ground Carrier Ground Carrier
Follow the DOT regulations in 49 CFR when
shipping by ground
Contact:
Website www.dot.gov
Email dot.comments@dot.gov
Hotline (800)467-4922
Office of Hazardous Materials Safety:
Website http://hazmat.dot.gov
If you send specimens by ground carrier:
Follow the DOT Dangerous Goods regulations, found in 49 CFR.
Call the DOT hotline if you need assistance.
Also, review the federal safety requirements on the Office of
Hazardous Materials Safety website.
J uly 2011 37
Private Couriers & Contract Carriers Private Couriers & Contract Carriers
Private courier systems and dedicated contract
carriers:
Follow DOT regulations for Category A, Infectious
substances
Exempt from DOT regulations for Category B,
Biological substances
Must follow OSHA requirements
If you operate your own private courier system or contract with dedicated
contract courier:
Follow the DOT regulations for all Category A, Infectious substances.
For Category B, Biological substances, you are exempt from DOT
regulations.
Substances exempt from DOT regulations must still follow OSHA
requirements, as stated in 29 CFR. This includes placing biohazard
labels on at least one of the containers.
J uly 2011 38
Shipping & Technical Names Shipping & Technical Names
Use the proper shipping and technical names
when shipping:
Proper shipping name is a standard name used
to identify the article or substance on the outside
of the package and on the Shippers Declaration
Form
Technical name is a recognized chemical name
currently used in scientific and technical
handbooks, texts, journalswhich must
accompany the proper shipping name when
indicated in the IATA or DOT regulations
To ship legally and safely, it is important to identify the substance you are
shipping. To identify your substance correctly on your package and
paperwork:
You must use the proper shipping name when shipping. The proper
shipping name is a standard name used to identify the article or
substance on the outside of the package and on the Shippers
Declaration Form.
In the case of an infectious substance, you must know the technical
name of the substance as well. The technical name is a recognized
chemical namecurrently used in scientific and technical handbooks,
texts, journalswhich must accompany the proper shipping name
when indicated in the IATA or DOT regulations.
J uly 2011 39
Shipping & Technical Names Shipping & Technical Names
Technical name required when:
Bold star (*) is shown in IATA blue pages
Gis shown in column 1 of 49CFR:
Subpart B Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions 172.101
50 mL or 50 g 4L or 4 kg 134 196 None A81, A82 6.2 UN2814 6.2 Infectious
substances, affecting
humans
G
4 L or 4 kg 4L or 4 kg 134 199 None A82 UN3373 6.2 Biological Substance,
Category B
(9)
Quantity
Limitations
Passenger Cargo
aircraft/rail Aircraft Onl y
(8)
Packaging
(173.***)
Excep- Non- Bulk
tions bulk
(8A) (8B) (8C)
Special
provisions
(172.102)
(7)
Label
Codes
(6)
PG
(5)
Identifi-
cation
numbers
(4)
Hazard
class
or Divi-
sion
(3)
Hazardous materials
descriptions and proper
shipping names
(2)
Sym-
bols
(1)
Dangerous Goods regulations in both 49 CFR and IATA indicate when a
substance requires a technical name:
In IATA, substances followed by a bold star (*) need a technical name.
In 49 CFR, substances marked by the letter Gin column 1 need a
technical name. The slide shows this indication.
J uly 2011 40
Documentation Documentation
Complete
Shippers
Declaration for
Dangerous Goods
when shipping
Category A,
Infectious
substances
When shipping Category A, Infectious substances, a Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods is
required:
The Shippers Declaration describes the contents of the consignment. By signing the shippers
declaration, the shipper declares the consignment is classified, packaged, marked, and labeled
according to international and national government regulations.
If this form is filled out incorrectly in any way, your shipment will be rejected. Two copies of the
declaration must be given to the airline.
You must retain a copy of the Shippers Declaration for two years.
The following information must be filled in:
The name and address of the shipper and the consignee.
The airway bill number, along with page 1 of 1.
Cargo aircraft only must be crossed (Xd) out if you have 50 mL or 50 grams or less of an
infectious substance.
The airport of departure and the airport of destination must be filled in.
The word radioactivemust be crossed (Xd) out, leaving non-radioactiveshowing.
The proper shipping name and technical name must be filled in parenthesis.
The class or division must be filled in, such as 6.2, as well as the UN number.
Under the quantity and type of packaging, you must fill in the quantity of the infectious
substance and the number and type of packaging.
An emergency contact number must be listed on the paperwork. This must be a 24-hour
emergency response number that is monitored at all times by a person knowledgeable about
the dangers or characteristics of substance being transported. Minimally, this person must
have immediate access to a person who possesses such knowledge.
The name and title of the shipper, as well as the date must be filled in.
J uly 2011 41
Documentation Documentation
Complete an airway bill for every shipment:
An airway bill
is the only
requirement
for Category
B, Biological
substances
Each airline
has its own
airway bill
When shipping Category B, Biological substances:
The only paperwork required is a domestic airway bill.
Each airline has its own airway bill. This slide shows an example of a
FedEx airway bill.
J uly 2011 42
Part V: Dangerous Goods Part V: Dangerous Goods
Proper Training of Employees
Dangerous Goods: Proper Training of Employees
J uly 2011 43
Training Training - - General General
Initial training is required within 90 days of
employment for all employees who ship
dangerous goods
Training must also:
Include general familiarization, function-specific
information, and safety training
Occur every two years if you ship by air
Employee training is an important element when shipping dangerous
goods:
If you are ever audited by the FAA, your training records are evaluated
first.
Training requirements state that an employee may only be certified in
areas in which they can successfully perform their duties.
Training is required within 90 days of employment for all laboratory
employees who ship dangerous goods. Earlier training is
recommended.
Self-training is acceptable as long as it meets the requirements of
Security Awareness Training, as described in the next few slides.
Training must include general familiarization, function-specific
information, and safety training.
Training must be repeated every 2 years per IATA, every 3 years per
49 CFR
J uly 2011 44
Training Training - - General General
Retain complete records of Dangerous Goods
training, including:
Employee name
Training date
Description, copy, or reference to training
materials used
Name and address of company providing the
training
Copy of completed test certification
Accurate training records must be retained in the event of an audit:
In general, these records must include: the employees name, the
most recent training completion date, and a description or copy of the
training materials used, such as a copy of this presentation.
While it is the hazmat employers responsibility to ensure that a
hazmat employee is properly trained and tested, the employer may
designate an outside source to train, test, and certify employees on
their behalf. The employer must determine a trainers qualifications
based on the employers need. The employer must determine a
trainers qualifications based on the employers need. Once the
training is completed, the name and address of the that training
organization must be retained.
A test that ensures the employee can perform the assigned duties in
compliance with the regulations is required. No specific format must
be used, however. Training and testing may be accomplished in a
variety of waysperformance, written, verbal, or a combination. Once
the test is completed, a copy of the certification issued must be
retained.
J uly 2011 45
Training Training - - Security Awareness Security Awareness
Security Awareness Training fulfills the
requirements of 49 CFR 172.704 (a)(4)
Security Awareness Training is required for all
laboratory employees who ship dangerous
goods:
Required within 90 days of employment
Recommended as soon as possible
Security Awareness Training is required for all employees who ship
dangerous goods:
Fulfills the requirements of 49 CFR 172.704 (a)(4).
Required within 90 days of employment.
Recommended as soon as possible.
J uly 2011 46
Security Awareness Training must include:
Risks of transporting dangerous goods
Methods of enhancing transport security
Ways to recognize security risks
Steps for responding to security threats
Training Training - - Security Awareness Security Awareness
Security Awareness Training must include:
Risks of transporting dangerous goods.
Methods of enhancing transport security.
Ways to recognize security risks.
Steps for responding to security threats.
J uly 2011 47
Training Training - - Written Security Plan Written Security Plan
Some shipping commodities require a written
security plantwo of these are often used by
laboratories:
Highway Route Controlled Class 7
More than 25kg of 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 (explosives)
More than 1L package of Poison Inhalation
Hazard Zone A
Bulk hazmat packages >3500G
Quantity requiring placards
Select agents or toxins
There are six shipping commodities that require a written security plan:
The areas that usually pertain to us are the Quantity Requiring
Placards and the Select Agents or Toxins.
If you transport, ship, or offer any of these commodities, you must
have a written security plan and provide in-depth Security Training--in
addition to Security Awareness Training.
J uly 2011 48
Training Training In In- -depth Security Training depth Security Training
Employees handling commodities that require
a written security plan must complete In-depth
Security Training in addition to Security
Awareness Training
In-depth security training must include:
Actions to take during a security breach
Company security objectives
Specific security procedures
Employee responsibilities
Organizational security structure
Employees who handle commodities that require a written security plan:
Must complete In-depth Security Training in addition to Security
Awareness Training
In-depth security training must include:
Actions to take during a security breach
Company security objectives
Specific security procedures
Employee responsibilities
Organizational security structure
If you need assistance with In-depth Security Training, the DOT has a
free security training module that you can order online.
J uly 2011 49
General Security Guidelines General Security Guidelines
General industry guidelines for the security of
dangerous goods:
Keep storage areas locked
Keep updated and accurate inventories
Conduct regular inspections of storage areas
Conduct security spot checks of personnel and
vehicles
Lock all equipment
Be alert for unusual purchases or odd behavior
Restrict access of non-employees
In general, train employees to follow industry guidelines for the security of
dangerous goods. This includes:
Keeping storage areas locked.
Keeping updated and accurate inventories.
Conducting regular inspections of storage areas.
Conducting security spot checks of personnel and vehicles.
Locking all equipment.
Being aware of unusual purchases or odd behavior by employees
Restricting laboratory access of those who are not employees.
J uly 2011 50
Emergency Response Information Emergency Response Information
Emergency response information is required per
49 CFR (subpart G of part 172)
Emergency response information includes:
Proper shipping name, Infectious Substance
Affecting Humans
Technical name
Telephone number for use in the event of an
emergency
Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods
Store in vehicle when transporting by ground
Keep one copy for three years
Per 49 CFR, employees must be knowledgeable in emergency response
information for all infectious substances. This includes:
Proper shipping name of the substance, Infectious Substance
Affecting Humans.
Technical name of the substance.
Telephone number for use in the event of an accident or other
emergency.
Ensure the Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods document is
stored in the vehicle when transporting by ground carrier. Three
copies of the Shippers Declaration for Dangerous Goods must be
included when transporting by air.
J uly 2011 51
Emergency Measures Emergency Measures
Take measures to protect yourself and your
employees who ship dangerous goods:
Participate in training
Lab safety
OSHA
Employee Right to Know (ERTKA)
Always wear gloves
Treat all spills as if they were infectious
Employees can protect themselves when shipping dangerous goods by:
Participating in training--including the employers lab safety training,
OSHA training, and Employee Right to Know training.
Wearing gloves at all times.
Treating all spills as infectious substances.
J uly 2011 52
Part VI: Dangerous Goods Part VI: Dangerous Goods
Contact Us
Dangerous Goods: Contact Us
J uly 2011 53
Contact Us Contact Us
If you have questions, contact the Mayo Medical
Laboratories Transportation department:
Phone (800) 533-1710
Email
severson.terry@mayo.edu (Terry Severson)
Devinny.jon@mayo.edu (J on DeVinny)
If you have questions about transporting your specimen, contact the Mayo
Medical Laboratories Transportation department by phone or email.

Transporting Dangerous Goods

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