One Dimensional Problems One Dimensional Problems

P. M. Agrawal
V. J. Patel
1D Problem 1D Problem
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Fig. 1
1D Problem 1D Problem
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Fig. 1
1D Problem 1D Problem
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Fig. 2
Element Connectivity Element Connectivity
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Fig. 3
Natural Coordinate System Natural Coordinate System
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Fig. 4
Shape Function Shape Function
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Fig. 5
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P. E. in 1D Problem P. E. in 1D Problem
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(21)
Element Stiffness Matrix Element Stiffness Matrix
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Force Term Force Term
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Force Term Force Term
Similarly,
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At this stage, element stiffness matrices k
e
, f
e
, and T
e
have been obtained. After
we account for the element connectivity (fig. 3), the total potential energy in
Eq. 21 can be written as
Properties of K Properties of K
The dimension of the global stiffness K is
(N x N), where N is the number of nodes.
This follows from the fact that each node
has only one degree of freedom. has only one degree of freedom.
K is symmetric.
K is a banded matrix. That is, all elements
outside of the band are zero.
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Example Example
Consider the thin steel plate in Fig. The plate has
a uniform thickness t = 25 mm, Youngs modulus E
= 200 GPa, and weight density = 7850 kg/m
3
. In
addition to its self-weight, the plate is subjected
to a point load P = 100 KN at its mid point.
1. Model the plate with two finite elements. 1. Model the plate with two finite elements.
2. Write down expressions for the element stiffness
matrices and element body force vectors.
3. Assemble the global stiffness matrix K and global
load vector F.
4. Solve for the global displacement vector Q.
5. Evaluate the stresses in each element.
6. Determine the reaction force at the support.
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Since, Q
1
=0
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Exercise Exercise
Consider the bar in Fig. 8 loaded as shown. Determine the nodal
displacement, element stresses, and support reactions.
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