ANSI/TIA-606-B

Th U d t d L b l St d d The Updated Label Standard

Todd Fries
CHANGES FROM LAST REVISION
Adopts identification scheme specified in TIA-606-A Addendum 1
Allows existing TIA 606 A identifier formats to continue to be used where they are already in use Allows existing TIA-606-A identifier formats to continue to be used where they are already in use.
NOTE: An identifier is simply the printed text that will appear on a label as related to the standard.
Harmonized with ISO/IEC 14763-2-1
Creates new identification format for Cabling Subsystem 1 link identifiers (Horizontal links), Cabling
Subsystem 2 and 3 links (Backbone cables) as well as telecommunications outlets, equipment
outlets, splices, consolidation points and outdoor telecommunication spaces.
Extends administration to all inter-building telecommunications cabling Extends administration to all inter building telecommunications cabling
Creates new identifiers for telecommunications outlets, equipment outlets, splices, consolidation
points and outdoor telecommunication spaces (maintenance holes, pedestals, hand holes, etc.)
Administers Cabling Subsystem 2 and 3 links by pair groups, corresponding to ports (Pairs, strands g y y p g p p g p (
and grouping identifiers) rather than copper pairs or single fibers. See clause 6.1.2.
Administration of grounding and bonding systems beyond the TMGB and TGB
Provides information on implementing automated infrastructure management systems.
LEGACY IDENTIFIERS
The standard specifies two formats
1. One fully backward compatible to TIA-606-A
2. One based on TIA-606-A , addendum 1, but modified to
be compatible with ISO/IEC TR14763-2-1 identifiers.
This is meant for administration systems that are meant y
to be deployed internationally.
3 Voted to publish 2/7/2012 3. Voted to publish 2/7/2012
VISIBILITY AND DURABILITY 11.1
The size color and contrast of all labels should be The size, color, and contrast of all labels should be
selected to ensure that the identifiers are easily read.
Labels should be visible during normal maintenance of
th i f t t the infrastructure.
Labels should be resistant to the environmental
conditions at the point of installation (such as moisture,
heat, or ultraviolet light), and should have a design life
equal to or greater than that of the labeled component. equal to or greater than that of the labeled component.
LABELING 4.4
Labels DO NOT need to include full identifiers Labels DO NOT need to include full identifiers.
Only a portion of the identifiers needed to identify the
component within the space it is located are required component within the space it is located are required.
11.2 MECHANICAL GENERATION
The text on labels shall be machine generated.
CONVENTIONS AND SYMBOLS
+ sign in front of an identifier specifies that the + sign in front of an identifier specifies that the
next portion of the identifier is a location aspect for
ISO/IEC TR 14763-2-1 compatible identifiers.
Plus only needs to appear in the records section and Plus only needs to appear in the records section and
not on the actual label.
= sign in front of an identifier specifies a function aspect.
(Example: =XO for telecommunications outlet)
CONVENTIONS AND SYMBOLS
[[[+c]+b][f]s.][x]y
Anything in square brackets [ ] may not be present depending on class.
Characters in italics k,l,m,o,u are variable fields , , , ,
The period . separates the portion of the identifier for the space from the
identifier for the portion of the rack or frame
The colon : is used as a prefix to port identifiers The colon : is used as a prefix to port identifiers
The underscore _ character separates the vertical and horizontal coordinates
of a closure in a cabinet, frame or wall section or to separate a range of ports,
pairs or fiber numbers pairs or fiber numbers.
The forward slash / is used between near end/far end identifiers on a
horizontal cable, backbone cable or telecommunications pathway.
The backward slash \ is used between near end/far end identifiers on a patch
cord or jumper.
The hyphen - is used to prefix portion of equipment identifiers (e.g. switch
name and switch port.
SELECT YOUR CLASS
Class 1 FEWER THAN 100 users single TS room Class 1 - FEWER THAN 100 users, single TS room
Class 2 - HUNDREDS OF USERS multiple TSS in a
single building
Class 3 - 1000+ USERS Class 3 1000 USERS
Class 4 - 1000s AND MULTIPLE LOCATIONS
4 CLASSES OF COMPLEXITY
CLASS 1
An organization whose needs are served by a single
E i t R Th ER i th l TS Equipment Room. The ER is the only space TS
administered. There are no TRs and no Cabling
S bs stem 2 and 3 cable labeling or o tside plant Subsystem 2 and 3 cable labeling or outside plant
cabling systems to administer.
REQUIRED IDENTIFIERS
(R) Cabling Subsystem 1 link identifier. (Horizontal Link)
(R) Patch panel port and patch panel termination point identifiers
(S) (R) TS Identifier
(R) Cabinet, rack, enclosure, wall segment identifier
(R) Patch panel or block identifier (R) Patch panel or block identifier
(R) TMG Identifier + from object
(R) TGB Identifier + from object
Object is optional when
the corresponding
elements are present
(R) TGB Identifier + from object
(R) BCT Identifier (bonding conductor telecommunications)
TS IDENTIFIER
5.1.1.1
F = Numeric character(s) identifying the floor of a F Numeric character(s) identifying the floor of a
building occupied by the TS.
S Al h h t ( ) i l id tif i th TS S = Alpha character(s) uniquely identifying the TS or
computer room on floor f.
1A
+fs if compatible with
1A
p
ISO/IEC TR14763-2-1
RACK, CABINET, FRAME & WALL SEGMENTS
5 1 2 2 1
Add identifiers for racks and cabinets that can be applied to
f
5.1.2.2.1
any space. fs.xy
XY may use
Grid Coordinates (e.g. AG54) or
Row/Rack in large spaces (e.g. RAR05) or Row/Rack in large spaces (e.g. RAR05) or
Rack # for small spaces (e.g. R4 for Rack 4)
+fs.xy if compatible with
ISO/IEC TR14763-2-1
SAMPLE CABINET IDENTIFIER
X Coordinate
AA AD AE AF AG AH AI AJ
AK AL AM AN
AC AB
01 01
03
04
02
Sample
Right Front
Corner
06
07
08
05
p
Cabinet
08
09
10
11
1A.AJO5
Y Coordinate
12
13
RACK/CABINET LOCATION EXAMPLE
IDENTIFICATION SCHEME FOR RACKS
AND CABINETS 5.1.2.6
All racks and cabinets should be labeled front and back.
This should be on a permanent part of the cabinet or rack?
For rooms with access floors, each rack and cabinet to For rooms with access floors, each rack and cabinet to
have a unique identifier based on floor tile coordinates. The
location of the floor space grid where the right front corner
of the cabinet is located determines the identifier. of the cabinet is located determines the identifier.
If cabinet rests on more than one tile, the same corner of
each cabinet can be used to identify the grid location each cabinet can be used to identify the grid location.
Example: Right front corner
CABINET & RACK LABELING
NON-GRID COORDINATE EXAMPLE
5 1 2 4
There is no need for the row portion of the identifier if
5.1.2.4
(as example) the TS has only a single row of cabinets.
2C.1, 2C.2, 2C.3, 2C.4 2C.1, 2C.2, 2C.3, 2C.4
Each rack marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4 in room 2C.
PATCH PANEL IDENTIFIER
5.1.3.1.1
fs.x1y-r1 or AD02-45
5.1.3.1.1
r1 = One or two characters designating the patch panel
location beginning at the bottom. The quantity of characters
shall be the same for all patch panels in the cabinet or rack shall be the same for all patch panels in the cabinet or rack.
Horizontal cable managers are not included when
sequencing patch panels sequencing patch panels.
___ ___ ___ eg., AD02-45 would be the topmost patch
AD 02 - 45 panel in rack units from the bottom at location AD02
X coordinate
Y coordinate
Panel
+fs.x1y1+r1
ISO/IEC
Y coordinate
ISO/IEC
compatible
PATCH PANEL
IDENTIFIER
PATCH PANEL IDENTIFIER
(Option #2)
5.1.3.1.1
fs.x1y-r1 or AD02-F27
( p )
5.1.3.1.1
r1 = ann - One or two characters designating the patch
panel location, within cabinet/rack fs.x1Y1, beginning at
the bottom of the cabinet or rack. The letter indicating the the bottom of the cabinet or rack. The letter indicating the
side may be A, B, C, D or N, S, E, W from the North,
South, East or West, or F and R for the front and rear.
Horizontal cable managers are not included when
sequencing patch panels.
eg AD02 F27 would be the front patch ___ ___ ___ eg., AD02-F27 would be the front patch
AD 02 - F27 panel in rack/cabinet at location AD02
X coordinate
Panel
Y coordinate
Panel
PATCH PANEL IDENTIFIER
5.1.3.1.3.1
Where cables are diversely routed between patch panels,
l b l l th f f id tifi ti h ll b d t
5.1.3.1.3.1
label colors or other forms of identification shall be used to
reflect cable route diversity.
Colors may be used for labels, modular jacks, twisted pair
patch cables, to indicate different applications (e.g.
production, test, development, Internet)
Use manufacturer provided labels and mounting surfaces
wherever possible. p
PATCH PANEL LABELING
[F1S1.][X1Y1-r1] Ports PN1 to[F2S2.]X2Y2-r2 Ports PN2
5 1 3 1 3 1
[ ][ ] [ ]
f1s1 = Space identifier optional.
5.1.3.1.3.1
p p
X1Y1-r1 = Near end patch panel identifier and near end
room name may be omitted. (Near end / Far end room
can be omitted if within the same space.
PN = Port number range near end and or far end.
AJ05-35 p 01-24 to AQ03-35 p 01-24
Use of word Ports (P) is acceptable for clarification on patch panel labels
TWISTED PAIR PATCH PANEL IDENTIFIER
(Without Subpanels)
Near end patch panel location and panel identifier to be
followed by (if space permits) the far end panel location followed by (if space permits) the far end panel location
and panel identifier + port numbers
AD02 35 p 01 06 to AG03 35 p 01 06 AD02-35 p 01-06 to AG03-35 p 01-06
TWISTED PAIR PATCH PANEL IDENTIFIER
OPTIONAL
PANEL FZ54-45
Ports 01-24 to HDA01 AJ17-45 Ports 01-24
The Far end telecommunication space name MDA
(Main Distribution Area) or HDA (Horizontal Distribution Area) (Main Distribution Area) or HDA (Horizontal Distribution Area)
can be added for additional information.
PATCH PANEL PORT IDENTIFIERS
(Single port 5.1.4.1)
f1s1.x1y1-r1:P1 or 1A.AJ05-35:01
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ eg., 1A.AJ05-35:01 would be data
1A. AJ 05 - 35:01 center on floor 1 in space A with
rack/cabinet at grid location AJ05
Patch panel B and port 01 in the rack/cabinet.
Data center
(optional)
X coordinate
Y di t
(optional)
Panel Port
Y coordinate
:B01 for subpanels :B01 for subpanels
:01-06 range of ports
POWER/DATA
(Labeling 5.1.4.4)
Power and Data over balanced pairs may use
th f ll i b l the following symbol.
PATCH PANEL PORT IDENTIFIERS
(For patch panels that include sub panels)
5.1.4.1
f1s1.x1y1-r1:P1 pn or 1A.AJ05-35:B06
5.1.4.1
___ ___ ___ - ___ ___ eg.: 1A.AJ05-35:B6 would be data
1A. AJ 05 - 35:B06
Data center
(optional)
center on floor 1 in space A with
rack/cabinet at grid location AJ05
Patch panel B and port 6 in the
rack/cabinet I O and Q excluded
X coordinate
(optional)
Panel
Port
rack/cabinet. I , O and Q excluded.
Y coordinate
Sub panel
PATCH PANEL PORT IDENTIFIERS
(Range of ports)
f1s1.x1y1-r1:PN1 or 1A.AJO5-35:01-06
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ e.g.., 1A.AJ05-35:01-06 would be data
1A. AJ 05 - 35:01-06 center on floor 1 in space A with
rack/cabinet at grid location AJ05
Patch panel B and ports 1-6 in the rack/cabinet.
Data center
X coordinate
Y di t
(optional)
Panel
Port
Y coordinate
Port
CABLE BETWEEN PATCH PANELS/BLOCKS
F1S1.X1Y1-r1:P1[-P2] / F2S2.X2Y2-r2:P3[-P4]
5 1 5 1
f1s1 = Space identifier optional.
5.1.5.1
X1Y1-r1 = Near end patch panel identifier (Near end/Far
end space ID can be omitted if within the same space end space ID can be omitted if within the same space.
5.1.5.3)
P P t b d d f d P = Port number range near end and or far end.
AJ05 35:01 06 / AQ03 35:01 06 AJ05-35:01-06 / AQ03-35:01-06
PRE-TERMINATED CABLE LABELING
MULTI FIBER TRUNK WITH MPO
& LC CONNECTORS
Free
t di standing
equipment
no patch
panel
PRE-TERMINATED CABLE LABELING
P1n/P2n
5 1 5 3
A 12-strand multi-fiber trunk cable equipped with MPO (multi
fiber) connectors on one end and LC connectors on the other
5.1.5.3
fiber) connectors on one end and LC connectors on the other
end.
Example of a label wrapped around a 12 strand subgroup: Example of a label wrapped around a 12 strand subgroup:
FD12- 42-B Ports 01-06 / FG08-01- Ports 01-06
Grid Location
One MPO MPO/LC cables
Sequential 2 digit
Grid Location
Panel
One MPO
Connection
MPO/LC cables
are always
12 strand
q g
ID for each 12
strand cable
Sub Panel
PRE-TERMINATED CABLE LABELING
PRE-TERMINATED CABLE LABELING
PRE-TERMINATED CASSETTE LABELING
CABLING SUBSYSTEM 1 LINK IDENTIFIER
5.1.7.3
All elements of the horizontal link shall be labeled at the
time they are installed with the horizontal link identifier.
WALL OUTLET/HORIZONTAL LINK
Example: Showing simple floor 1, Space A, Rack .1 with
panel 35 Rack units from bottom, port 08, 09, etc. p , p , ,
CABLING SUBSYSTEM 1 LINK
(ANSI/TIA-606-B)
5 1 6 1
a
t
c
h

#
t

#
a
c
k

#

1
k

#

2
c
h

#
o
r
t

#
5.1.6.1
e
a
r

e
n
d

p
a
a
r

e
n
d

p
o
r
t
e
a
r

e
n
d

r
a
a
r

E
n
d

r
a
c
a
r

e
n
d

p
a
t
c
e
a
r

e
n
d

p
o
N
e
F
a
x1y1
-
N
e
r1
:
p1
/
x2y2
-
r2
:
p2
F
a
F
a
N
e
Class 1
AG09-27:01 / AJ06-27:01
y p
y
p
AG09-27:01 / AJ06-27:01
Format recommended for links that terminate on panels or
blocks that are not in the same space.
EQUIPMENT ROOM OUTLET AND
TELECOMMUNICATIONS OUTLET IDENTIFIERS
(Horizontal Link Suffix)
5 1 8 1
AG04-35:01 / AD06-35:01=XL:05
(Horizontal Link Suffix)
5.1.8.1
XO = (OPTIONAL) Equipment Room Outlet
XC (OPTIONAL) C lid ti P i t XC = (OPTIONAL) Consolidation Point
XL = (OPTIONAL) ZDA Port
XSz = (OPTIONAL) Splice where z is the appropriate
distance along the cable of the splice from the termination
point in the telecomm nications room or HDA point in the telecommunications room or HDA.
NOTE: The :05 is the optional port on a consolidation point.
TMGB IDENTIFIER
R
a

#
f
l
o
o
r

#
T
S

a
l
p
h
T
M
G
B
TMGB
f s
-
Class 1
1A-TMGB
TMGB MAIN GROUNDING BUSBAR
MULTIPLE ELEMENT
BONDING & GROUNDING IDENTIFIER
5.1.13.1
R
BONDING & GROUNDING IDENTIFIER
2A-TGB1
i = optional sequence if more
G
a

#
2A-TGB1
than 1 TGB in a space.
T
G
B
f
l
o
o
r

#
T
S

a
l
p
h
a
TGB
f s
-
i
[
]
Class 1
IDENTIFIER FOR BONDING
CONDUCTOR ATTACHED TO TMGB
5.1.19
R
a

#
CONDUCTOR ATTACHED TO TMGB
Applicable bonding identifiers
T
M
G
B
f
l
o
o
r
#
T
S

a
l
p
h
a
Applicable bonding identifiers
allow the / Object suffix.
TMGB, TGB, MBN, RGB
TMGB
f s
- /
object
Class 1
1TER=TMGB/A12
IDENTIFIER FOR BONDING
CONDUCTOR ATTACHED TO TGB
R
#
CONDUCTOR ATTACHED TO TGB
T
G
B
f
l
o
o
r

#
T
S

a
l
p
h
a

#
O
b
j
e
c
t
Applicable bonding
identifiers allow the /
Object suffix. TGB,
TGB
f s
T fT
- / object
O
TBB, MBN, RGB
Class 1
2C=TGB/acpanel
REQUIRED RECORDS CLASS 1
Cabling Subsystem 1 Link Cabling Subsystem 1 Link
Can be done with a paper based system or non-proprietary
software.
4.1 GENERAL SPREADSHEETS
Each identifier and records makes up a row Each identifier and records makes up a row.
Each column contains a particular item of information for
the record.
SPREADSHEET
SCOPE OF ANSI-EIA-TIA-606
Identifiers
Pathway Space
T i ti T i ti
y
Identifiers
Cable
Identifiers
p
Identifiers
Grounding
Identifiers
Termination
Hardware
Identifiers
Termination
Position
Identifiers
Required Linkages
Telecommunications Records
Required
Grounding
Records
Cable
Records
Pathway
Records
Required
Linkages
Termination
Position
Records
Termination
Hardware
Records
Space
R d
User
Codes
Records
TR CABLING SUBSYSTEM 1 LINK RECORDS
REQUIRED FOR THE NEEDS OF A CLASS 1 SYSTEM
Horizontal Link Records shall contain the following
i f ti information.
Location of work area outlet connector (room, office, or grid local)
Cabling Subsystem 1 Link Identifier (primary indexing identifier) Cabling Subsystem 1 Link Identifier (primary indexing identifier)
Outlet connector type (8 position modular, T568B cat 6)
Cross connect hardware (48 port modular patch panel T568A Cross connect hardware (48 port modular patch panel, T568A,
category 6)
Cable type (4 pr, UPT, Cat 6, plenum)
Cable Length (e.g.: 51m/154ft.)
Service Record of link (e.g. passed category 6 at install 1/12/11.
RECORD KEEPING METHODS
CLASS 2
An organization with one or more Telecommunication An organization with one or more Telecommunication
spaces, but in a single building.
An ER with one or more TSs.
REQUIRED IDENTIFIERS
Identifiers required for a class 1 administration
t l system plus..
Building Cabling Subsystem 2 & 3 backbone cable identifier
Building Cabling Subsystem 2 & 3 backbone port identifier
Fire stopping location identifier Fire stopping location identifier
BACKBONE CABLE IDENTIFIER
fs1.x1y1-r1:P1[P2] / fs2.x2y2-r2:P3[P4] y [ ] y [ ]
1A AJ06-27:01-24 / 2A AG09-27:01-24
Can be a single port or range of ports 6.1.3
1A.AJ06 27:01 24 / 2A.AG09 27:01 24
ISO = +1A.AJ06+27:01/+2A.AG09+27:01
BACKBONE CABLE IDENTIFIER
ANSI/TIA606-B
6.1.2.3
In the new standard, it is treated almost the same as a ,
standard Cabling Subsystem 1 link identifier as
described in a Class 1 installation.
Administration of backbone cables is by pair groups
(corresponding to ports) rather than copper pairs or
single fibers. single fibers.
Each port or pair on a building Cabling Subsystem 2 or
3 cable shall have a unique identifier. Individual optical q p
fibers and balanced pairs are typically color coded
rather than individually labeled.
BACKBONE CABLE PAIR GROUP IDENTIFIER
(For balanced pair groups. i.e. single pair, four pairs)
6 1 2 1
fs1.x1y1-r1:p1 / fs2.x2y2-r2:p2
6.1.2.1
y p y p
1A.AJ06-27:01 / 2A.AG09-27:01
New format based on pair groups corresponding
to ports (rather than individual fibers or pairs)
P1 = port or termination at patch panel or block #1
P2 = port or termination at patch panel or block #2
p ( p )
Terminating both ends with modular jack = 4 pair
Terminating both ends on IDC blocks = 2 pair
FIRESTOPPING LOCATION IDENTIFIER
Compatible with ISO/IEC 14763-2-1
6 1 4
[[C1-]b1-][f1]s1 / [[C2-]b2-][f2]s2=U(n[d)])= F[m]
6.1.4
[[ ] ][ ] [[ ] ][ ] ( [ )]) [ ]
SF02-2A/3A=U(3)=F SF02 2A/3A U(3) F
The Firestop for conduit sleeve 3 would be between p
Telecom rooms 2A and 3A in building SF02
U = Pathway
F = Firestop
REQUIRED RECORDS
CLASS 2
One TS record for each TS
Cabling Subsystem 1 link records as specified class I
One cabling subsystem 2 or 3 cable record for each One cabling subsystem 2 or 3 cable record for each
backbone cable
One TMGB record for each TMGB One TMGB record for each TMGB
One TGB record for each TGB
One Fire-stopping record for each location
CLASS 3
A Telecommunications infrastructure serving an A Telecommunications infrastructure serving an
organization or enterprise in a campus environment.
This could encompass several hundred to several
thousand users. There are multiple buildings and
outside plant cabling systems to identify.
CLASS 3 REQUIRED IDENTIFIERS
(Those of Class 1 and 2 plus)
Infrastructure Identifiers
Building Identifier
Campus Inter building cable Identifier. Backbone
Campus Inter building cable pair or optical fiber
identifier. Backbone
INTER-BUILDING CABLE IDENTIFIER
(Backbone) R
7.1.3.1
c1-b1-f1s1.x1y1-r1:P1[P2] / c2-b2-f2s2.x2y2-r2:P3[P4]
A-ENG-1A AGO5-35:01-06 / B-ADM-1A AD06-35:01-06 A-ENG-1A.AGO5-35:01-06 / B-ADM-1A.AD06-35:01-06
Or Or
ENG 1A R4 35 01 06 / ADM 1A R5 35 01 06 ENG-1A.R4-35:01-06 / ADM-1A.R5-35:01-06
INTER-BUILDING CABLE PAIR/PORT
IDENTIFIER (Backbone)
R
7.1.4.1
( )
c1-b1-f1s1.x1y1-r1:P1 / c2-b2-f2s2.x2y2-r2:P3
A-ENG-1A AGO5-35:01 / B-ADM-1A AD06-35:01 A-ENG-1A.AGO5-35:01 / B-ADM-1A.AD06-35:01
Or Or
ENG 1A R4 35 01 / ADM 1A R5 35 01 ENG-1A-R4-35:01 / ADM-1A-R5-35:01
REQUIRED RECORDS
All records from a Class 2 System y
One Building Record for each building
One campus inter-building cable record for each
campus backbone cable.
CLASS 4
A Telecommunications infrastructure that extends A Telecommunications infrastructure that extends
across multiple geographic locations. Class 4 specifies
multiple campus telecommunications infrastructure. p p
REQUIRED IDENTIFIERS
All identifiers from a Class 3 system including: All identifiers from a Class 3 system including:
Site or Campus Identifier
SITE OR CAMPUS IDENTIFIER
R
C = One or more alphanumeric characters
identifying a site or campus. Additional identifiers
may be added if desired in parentheses after the
end of the required format end of the required format.
SITE OR CAMPUS RECORD
Site or campus name
Site or campus location
Contact information for local administrator of infrastructure Contact information for local administrator of infrastructure
List of all buildings at the site or campus
Location of main cross connect, if applicable
Access hours if applicable Access hours, if applicable
AUTOMATED INFRASTRUCTURE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
O
Administered by paper based, proprietary, y p p p p y
spreadsheets, databases.
Systems can be software and or hardware based Systems can be software and or hardware based.
The system should be capable of documenting the
i f t t l t d ib d i thi t d d infrastructure elements as described in this standard.
COLORS
(Required if color coding is used)
Demarcation point Pantone 150C Orange
N k i P 3 3C G Network connection Pantone 353C Green
Common equipment Pantone 264C Purple
K t P t 184C R d Key system Pantone 184C Red
First level backbone Pantone White
(MC IC or IC HC)Intra building backbone Pantone 422C Gray (MC-IC or IC-HC)Intra-building backbone Pantone 422C Gray
(IC-HC) Inter-building backbone Pantone 465C Brown
Horizontal Pantone 291C Blue Horizontal Pantone 291C Blue
Other Pantone 101C Yellow
DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SOFTWARE BASED ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM
A Class 1 to 4 administration system may alternately be
implemented by means of a simple spreadsheet in a non-
proprietary software program.