BTP Final Report Latest

Measurement Automation in Anechoic Chamber |
Akash Bansal, Gaurav Kumar, Manjeet Kasotiya

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B-Tech Project
Final Report
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Measurement Automation in
Anechoic Chamber

Group No. 18
Group Members: Project Adviser:
Akash Bansal 10051 Dr. Nachiketa Tiwari
Gaurav Kumar 10262 Professor
Manjeet Kasotiya 10387 IIT Kanpur

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would like to express profound gratitude to our guide Prof. Nachiketa Tiwari
for his invaluable support, supervision and useful suggestions throughout the
project work. His technical support and continuous guidance enabled us to
complete our work successfully.

We are grateful for the cooperation and constant encouragement from the
members of the BTP evaluation committee, whose suggestions have been
instrumental in the making of this project.

We would like to express our appreciation to the staff of the workshop, who have
helped us every time whenever we faced difficulty in manufacturing and assembly.

We also appreciate the timely support of some of our course-mates, who were
always available for help in the electronic and coding part of the project.

Last but not the least, we thank each other for coming together and working on this
project relentlessly to make it a success.

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CERTIFICATE

It is certified that the work contained in this report titled Specifications and Guidelines for
Preparation of Bachelor of Technology Project Reports" is the original work done by Akash
Bansal (10051), Gaurav Kumar (10262), Manjeet Kasotiya (10387) has been carried out under
our supervision.

Nachiketa Tiwari
Project Supervisor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur 208016
13 April 2014

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1. Introduction
1.1 Definition:
Anechoic Chamber: An anechoic chamber is a room designed to completely absorb
reflections of either sound or electromagnetic waves. They are also insulated from exterior
sources of noise. The combination of both aspects means they simulate a quiet open-space
of infinite dimension, which is useful when exterior influences would otherwise give false
results.
The measurements of the sound power level, sound intensity and the directional
characteristics of the electroacoustic transducers are usually performed in anechoic room.
Measurements of the sound power level, sound absorption coefficient and sound scattering
coefficient are carried out in a reverberation room.

1.2 Design Challenge:
We have come up with an anechoic chamber within our campus. In order to carry out
various measurements for source acoustic signature determination, we need to measure the
sound intensity at various locations within the chamber. The current challenges are that in
order to accomplish this task we need a lot of time as of now and the data points thus
obtained are not dense and accurate enough to help map the signature. Manual positioning
is time consuming and tedious as it requires a precise positioning of the measuring
microphone (e.g. on a stand) at many measurement points.

1.3 Design Requirements:
In order to conduct acoustic measurements for the identification of sound sources requires
an accurate positioning of the measuring microphone in the acoustic chamber. An
automatic measurement system has to be designed, fabricated and assembled. Automated
mechanical positioning would ensure the possibility of very accurate directional
characteristics measurement of the sound sources. So the problems on which we have to
work are as following.
i. To position elements of an acoustic measurement system at desirable locations in the space
within an anechoic chamber
ii. To determine the spatial coordinates of the measuring probe corresponding to every
acoustic measurement

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2. Conceptual Solution
2.1 Technical Challenges:
i. To design a 3 degree of freedom system assembly to be able to span the required
measurement space of the chamber
ii. Automated Movement and measurement of the acoustic sensor probe(microphone) in sync
with the users command
iii. Accurate determination of the physical coordinates of the sensor probe for every
measurement
iv. Minimal surface area of the assembly to avoid any active sound reflections and
reverberations caused by assembly

2.2 Sensor/Receiver Movement
The construction of the mechanical part of the device has to be done keeping in mind in
order to achieve 3-degree of freedom. It should be spanning the measurement span within
the chamber. The movement must be controllable using Computer User Interface. The
different motions can be realized independently
2.2.1 Rotational Movement:-
We need not go around the source to measure the directional properties, in order to avoid
the motion of the whole device set-up. However, we mount our source on a turntable and
rotate the turntable to realize all the possible relative directions w.r.t. the source.

Turntable hosting the sound generating source would rotate on its axis to give required
relative angle with source element

The calibrated rotation would be achieved using a servo/stepper motor control with the
specified step motion
2.2.2 Radial Movement:-
We support a horizontal beam above the turntable. The beam supports a sprocket chain
mechanism which will be powered by another stepper motor. By powering the stepper
motor, we can use a trolley holding the sensor to travel horizontally.
The beam is supported by another vertical support.

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2.2.3 Vertical Movement:-
The trolley mounted on the chains along the horizontal will hold a spool which would
support the sensor which goes up and down by the control of the rotation of the spool by
the stepper motor.

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3. Assembly:

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3.1 Sub-Assembly 1

3.2 Sub-Assembly 2

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4. Parts List:

PART
NO.
PART MATERIAL QUANTITY FABRICATION
/
PURCHASE
FROM
CALCULATION
1 CHAIN 2.5 m PURCHASE NO
2 HORIZONTAL
BEAM
STRUCTURE
STEEL
1 FABRICATION YES
3 STEPPER MOTOR 3 PURCHASE YES
4 VERTICAL BEAM STRUCTURAL
STEEL
1 FABRICATION YES
5 BASE PLATE STEEL 1 FABRICATION NO
6 CORNER
SUPPORT
ANGLES
STEEL 1 FABRICATION NO
7 BASE SUPPORT
ANGLES
8 SPROCKET
WHEELS
2 PURCHASE NO
9 TURNTABLE TOP ALUMINIUM 1 FABRICATION YES
10 TURNTABLE
RING
STEEL 1 FABRICATION YES
11 TURNTABLE
BASE
12 BASE RING STEEL 1 FABRICATION YES
13 BALLS STEEL 8 PURCHASE NO
14 MOTOR STAND WOODEN 1 FABRICATED NO
15 BASE STAND STEEL 4 FABRICATED NO
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5. Simulation 1: Horizontal Beam

5.1 Material Properties
Model Reference Properties Components

Name: AISI 1020
Model type: Linear Elastic Isotropic
Default failure
criterion:
Max von Mises Stress
Yield strength: 3.51571e+008 N/m^2
Tensile strength: 4.20507e+008 N/m^2
Elastic modulus: 2e+011 N/m^2
Poisson's ratio: 0.29
Mass density: 7900 kg/m^3
Shear modulus: 7.7e+010 N/m^2
Thermal expansion
coefficient:
1.5e-005 /Kelvin

SolidBody
1(Boss-
Extrude1)(Part5)

Loads and Fixtures
Load name Load Image Load Details
Force-1

Entities: 1 face(s)
Type: Apply normal force
Value: 50 N

5.2 Resultant Forces
Selection set Units Sum X Sum Y Sum Z Resultant
Reaction Forces N 49.9848 -0.0382462 -0.0081749 49.9848
Reaction Moments N m 0 0 0 0

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5.3 Results

Name Type Min Max
Stress1 VON: von Mises Stress 26.3549 N/m^2
Node: 15086
2.50034e+006 N/m^2
Node: 15796

Part5-Study 1-Stress-Stress1

Name Type Min Max
Displacement1 URES: Resultant Displacement 0 mm
Node: 1
0.220241 mm
Node: 508
1

STRESS STUDY
DISPLACEMENT STUDY
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Name Type Min Max
Strain1 ESTRN: Equivalent Strain 4.02004e-011
Element: 8350
9.98646e-006
Element: 5623

Part5-Study 1-Strain-Strain1

STRAIN STUDY
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6. Simulation Sub-Assembly 2

Model name: disc1
Current Configuration: Default
Solid Bodies
Document Name and
Reference
Treated As Volumetric Properties Document Path/Date Modified
Cut-Extrude3

Solid Body
Mass:14.6398 kg
Volume:0.00185313 m^3
Density:7900 kg/m^3
Weight:143.47 N

C:\Users\VAIO\Desktop\DESIGN\disc1.SLDPRT
Nov 13 01:32:09 2013

6.1 Resultant Forces
6.1.1
Selection
set
Units Sum X
Sum Y Sum Z Resultant
Reaction
Forces
N 0.0214097 0.0446741 399.984 399.984
Reaction
Moments
N m 0 0 0 0
6.1.2 Simulation Results:

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Name Type Min Max
Stress1 VON: von Mises Stress 353.838 N/m^2
Node: 14183
673640 N/m^2
Node: 16648
Strain1 ESTRN: Equivalent Strain 4.00689e-009
Element: 7746
2.36511e-006
Element: 5303
Node: 5
0.00323814 mm
Node: 1363
Node: 5
0.00323814 mm
Node: 1363
Node: 5
0.00323814 mm
Node: 1363
Node: 5
0.00323814 mm
Node: 1363

disc1-Study 2-Displacement-Displacement1

DISPLACEMENT STUDY
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6.2

STRESS STUDY
STRAIN STUDY
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7. Manufacturing:
Manufacturing started in the 2
nd
Semester. It took about 3 months to complete the manufacturing
and assembly of the parts. Following is the final product after assembly.

1. TURN TABLE
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1.1 TURN TABLE BASE
1.2 TURN TABLE TOP
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2. STAND
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2.1 MOTOR SUPPORT
2.2 MOTOR SUPPORT
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8. Calculations
8.1 Torque required by the motor:
Volume of Aluminum disk
1
=
2

= 0.25
2
0.5 10
-2
=9.81 10
-4
m
3
Mass of Aluminum disk
1
=
2

= (2700 kg/m
3
) 9.81 10
-4
m
3

= 2.65 kg
Volume of Steel ring =
2
2

1
2

= (
2
2

1
2
)
=1.005 10
-4
m
3

Mass of steel ring

= (8000 1.005 10
-4
) kg
= 0.804 kg
Maximum Payload = 30 kg
Total Mass = 33.5 kg
Total frictional force =
= 0.2-0.6 (Steel Surface Contact)
Max Frictional Force = 0.6 33.5 9.81
= 197 N
Torque Required = 200 0.2 = 40 N-m

fr
fr
w
w(angular
velocity)
fr (friction)
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9. Assumptions in the Design
The source would be located on the existing TurnTable.
The working space would take the form of a cylinder with the height of H = 2000 mm and
the diameter of D = 2000 mm.
In the working space, the microphone would be suspended with small diameter ropes to
minimize the interference of the free field.
The accuracy of the positioning for a linear displacement of the microphone will be less
than 1 mm
The axis of the measuring microphone can be reoriented relative to the sound source.
All the simulations provide the results in the case of maximum loads and stresses possible.

10. Design Specifications

Degree of Freedom: 3 Meters
Vertical Span: 2 Meters
Horizontal Span (Radial): 2.5 m
Permeable Turntable Rotation: 360
Circular Step-size: (10-15)
Linear Step-size: (5 cm 10 cm)
Hardware interface: ATMEGA USB
Control Software: computer interface (GUI)
Turntable Payload Capacity: Max 30 Kg
Holder Payload: Standard Microphone

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11. References:
Testing of a Device for Positioning Measuring Microphones in Anechoic and
Reverberation Chambers by Jozef FELIS, Artur FLACH, Tadeusz
KAMISISKI,AGH University of Science and Technology

SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATED ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS IN THE ANECHOIC
CHAMBER by Andrzej ZBROWSKI, Jordan MYK, Tomasz GIESKO Institute for
Sustainable Technologies National Research Institute, Radom, Poland

THANK YOU

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Measurement Automation in Anechoic Chamber |

Akash Bansal, Gaurav Kumar, Manjeet Kasotiya

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