After the completion of this module the student should be able to:
Identify the different types of non return valves and their symbols. Diffrentiate between the different non return valves. Explain the function of check valve, shut off valve and pilot check valve. Draw the hydraulic circuit diagram. Simulate the circuit diagram using FluidSim software. Design and construct the task circuit practically and check its operation.
1- Non - return valves: Non-return valves are used to block the flow in one direction and allow free flow in the other direction.
1-1 Shut off valve The shutoff valve is a manually operated valve that controls the supply of fluid to or within the system (Fig. 3.1a) The valve has 2 ports (A) and (B) as shown in the ISO symbol of the shut off valve (Fig. 3.1b).
1-2 Check valve (Non-return valve)
It used to allow the flow only in one direction; which means that the flow in the opposite direction will be completely blocked. The valve is shown in Fig. 3.2 a, it has (2 ports A and B). The flow is allowed from (A) to (B) and blocked from (B) to (A). The ISO symbol of this valve is shown in Fig.3.2.b as non-spring check valve and Fig.3.2.c spring loaded check valve.
Challenge: Is it possible to modify the hydraulic circuit in Module 2 practical task 2 by using the Fluid in order to allow the hydraulic motor to rotate in one direction only?
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b) (c)
Fig.3.2 :( a): Check valve (b) ISO symbol of check valve (non- spring). (c): ISO symbol of check valve (spring loaded).
Fig.3.1: (a) Shut off valve. (b) ISO symbol of shut of valve
1-3 Pilot Check valve The function of the pilot check valve is to allow the flow only in one direction from port (A) to port (B), and also allows the flow in the opposite direction only when the port (x) has a pilot signal.
These valves have a pilot connection which can open the valve in the blocked direction, when a pilot signal is applied.
The valve is shown in Fig. 3.3.a, it has (3 ports A , B and X ) (A): port for input pressure (B): port for output pressure (X): port for pilot pressure
The ISO symbol of this valve is shown in Fig.3.3.b
(a) (b) Fig.3.3: (a) Pilot check valve (b) ISO symbol of Pilot check valve.
ATM-312 Basic Hydraulics
Module 3: Non-return valves 5 2 Practical Tasks 2.1 Practical Task I: Conveyor tensioning device Exercise description: Parts are fed through a drying oven on a steel chain conveyor belt. It must be possible to correct the tracking of the belt by means of a tensioning device to ensure that the belt does not run off its rollers. This device consists of a steel roller fixed at one end and movable at the other by means of a double-acting cylinder. Hydraulic power must be available continuously. A piloted non-return valve is used to prevent creeping of the piston rod of the positioning cylinder as a result of oil leakage losses in the directional control valve.
Positional sketch 2.2 Procedures of solution
1- Draw the hydraulic circuit diagram for the task. 2- Simulate the hydraulic circuit using FluidSim software. 3- Assemble the circuit practically and check its operation. 4- Write down your observations
2.2 Practical Task II: Calendar feeding device Exercise description: In this exercise the student will be familiarized with the application of a non return valve. Rolls of paper are lifted into a calendar by a lifting device. The lifting device is driven by a single acting cylinder. When the hydraulic power pack is switched on, the pump output flows directly to the cylinder. A shut off valve, which is closed in its normal position, is fitted in a branch line leading to the tank. A non return valve is used to ensure that the pump is protected against the oil back pressure. A pressure relief valve is fitted above the non return valve to safe the pump against excessive pressures. Note You can use a double acting cylinder as a single acting cylinder by connecting return stroke port to the tank.
Positional sketch
ATM-312 Basic Hydraulics
Module 3: Non-return valves 7 2.2.1 Procedures of solution
1- Draw the hydraulic circuit diagram for the task. 2- Simulate the hydraulic circuit using FluidSim software. 3- Assemble the circuit practically and check its operation. 4- Write down your observations
Q2) Draw circuits to achieve the following requirements:
Circuit A Circuit B
Controlling a double acting cylinder using a 4/2 way valve and a pilot check valve beside power pack.
Controlling loaded single acting cylinder using check valve, pressure relief valve and shut off valve beside the power pack. Drawing circuit A Drawing circuit B