Handphone has become the new technology of todays lifestyle. As a proof,
children as young as 7 years old are already using handphones. Thinking back at a decade ago, handphones are still bulky and expensive and they are only used by some people such as businessman and the rich. Today, handphones are largely used by most of us. It has been the primary needs of our daily life. In this rapidly changing world, technology is growing and handphones are getting affordably cheap.
There are a lot of important usages we can get from handphone. Lets take a look at some of its positive effects. As its primary usage, of course, it is use as a way of communication. We can communicate anywhere we want as long as it has signal. For example, in Indonesia there are a lot of people working in other countries, handphones enable them to communicate with their family, especially for people living in the countryside. Short Message System which is also known as SMS is very popular among the youngsters. This is because SMS is much cheaper than making a call, thus makes them able to communicate without fearing of spending too much expenses. Multimedia Message System which is also known as MMS is very useful because we can send photos or pictures easily. Handphone can also be called as our personal secretary. It is already embedded with a lot of business applications such as calendar, reminder, calculator, notes, Microsoft office, and now it already supports Wi-Fi so that we can access to email, messenger and browse the web everywhere we want. These effects increase our societys interaction and economical growth, and easy internet connection network brings us closer to whats happending in the world around us. Another purpose is, it can be used as a source of entertainment such as game applications, radio FM and music player. We are no longer required to bring walkman and other game consoles, thus affect our moods as a tranquilizer to relax.
Besides of its positive effects, there are also negative effects too. As we all know, the spreading of pornography is getting more and more uncontrollable and handphone can be use as a tool of this reason. Pornography can be transfer easily through MMS, Wi-Fi and GPRS connection. This pornography influences the moral of the people. Some people are concerned that internet could be exploited for serious crimes. It also can be use as a way of cheating; there are some cases where students are using their handphones to cheat by sending SMS to some friends, another case is, teachers and students find it rather disruptive as it distracts the concentration of other pupils when they are using phones during lessons and starts to ring. This negative effect wasted teachers time by scolding pupils and slowed the class progression. The other effect is that it can give some negative effect for our health, due to its radiation that is emitted while using handphones. This might affect our health issue as it expose us with more radiation and extensive exposure of radiation leads us to injuries that damages our tissues and cells in the body. It can also be use as a way of communication at the wrong hands, for example criminal communicates to other criminals to break the law by doing criminal acts. These dishonorable acts bring great effects in our society.
As we know that children may be more vulnerable than adults to the potential risks of using mobile phones. Therefore, it is important for parents to monitor their childrens activities on the phone. In my opinion, handphone is an incredible invention with great usages provided we, as users, are completely aware of the negative and harmful effects that is affecting ourselves and the society. We have to be responsible for our behaviours, so that other people does not feel uncomfortable or even opposed by our acts.
Main Ideas: 1. A way of communication - Communicate anywhere we want as long as it has signal - Enable them to communicate with their family, especially for people living in the countryside
2. Short Message System which is also known as SMS - Much cheaper than making a call - Able to communicate without fearing of spending too much expenses
3. Multimedia Message System which is also known as MMS - Can send photos or pictures easily
4. As our personal secretary - Embedded with a lot of business applications such as calendar, reminder, calculator, notes and Microsoft office - It already supports Wi-Fi so that we can access to email, messenger and browse the web everywhere we want - Increase our societys interaction and economical growth
5. Easy internet connection network - Brings us closer to whats happending in the world around us
6. A source of entertainment - Game applications, radio FM and music player - No longer required to bring walkman and other game consoles
Article 2: Advantages of Nokia N95 Nokia as the whole world knows are reckoned as the world renowned makers of the mobile phones. Their mobile phones are not only the best in the business but also are beautifully designed and shaped accordingly. Nokia N95 is another widget from them that is carrying on the tradition that its earlier mobile phones have started. This widget belongs to the popular and the successful N Series mobile phones that managed to redefine the whole process of communication. Following is the detailed description of its features.
Nokia N95 is a widget that is blessed with extremely sophisticated looks and space conscious design. It looks like a widget that means business. Despite looking quite expensive manufacturers have taken care that Nokia N95 will not make a big hole in the pocket of its buyers. Hence buyers can afford to relax. Nokia N95 has got the vital stats of 99 x 53 x 21 mm and has a weight of only 120 grams. Moving from its slim and sleek body to its TFT display screen, well, it is just unbeatable. Yes, its display screen can support approximately 16 million colours. It also has got the reasonable size of 40 x 53 mm. Also it provides the seamless imaging solutions of the resolution of 240 x 320 pixels. The big screen size and the optimum resolution allow the user to have a better and clear view of it.
Moving on the memory section of Nokia N95 is also very exceptional. Yes it has got the 160 mega bytes of internal memory, 64 mega bytes of SDRAM memory. Besides that there is also option of expansion of memory which can be done by employing microSD card and that too up to 8 GB. It also comes with a 128 mega bytes card. It also has got the Dual ARM 11 332 MHz CPU which is the chief reason behind its fast paced processing speed. It also has the 3D Graphics HW Accelerator. Coming down to the connectivity department, then even in this section too, Nokia N95 emerges victorious. It is because it has got the GPRS of class 10, HSCSD, EDGE of class 32, WLAN Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g, with UPnP technology. It is also enabled with 3G HSDPA, built-in Bluetooth and Infrared port. In addition to that it also comes with USB port v2.0 miniUSB.Nokia N95 also comes with the Symbian OS 9.2, S60 rel. 3.1 versions. In addition to that it also allows its users to send and receive text messages, picture messages, E-mails and even gives them the liberty to enjoy the feature of instant messaging. It also comes with the browser of WAP 2.0/xHTML and HTML which allows the users to access Internet quite easily.
The most sensational thing about Nokia N95 is its built-in 5 mega pixels camera that has got Carl Zeiss optics. The built-in camera of this widget from Nokia has got the feature of autofocus and flash. Besides this it also has a secondary CIF videocall camera. The built-in camera of Nokia N95 has the astonishing capacity to produce marvellous crystal clear images in every kind of conditions.This tremendous device is available in the colours like Silver, Plum, Black, Pink and Red. This widget also has a built-in GPS receiver, GPS function and comes with installed Maps application covering over 100 countries which makes the job of a traveller easier. Its dual slide design is its another USP. In addition to these all Nokia N95 has also got the Java MIDP 2.0, MP3/AAC/AAC+/eAAC+/WMA player, 3.5 mm audio output jack, Office document viewer and also the built-in stereo FM radio which allows the users to listen to their choice of music at their favourite music station. The standby time of Nokia N95's battery is around 220 hours which is quite good by any standard.At the end it can be easily declared that Nokia N95 is the best mobile gadget that a person will ever come across in his entire life.
Main Ideas: 1. Extremely sophisticated looks and space conscious design - Nokia N95 has got the vital stats of 99 x 53 x 21 mm and has a weight of only 120 grams - The big screen size and the optimum resolution allow the user to have a better and clear view of it
2. Memory section of Nokia N95 is also very exceptional - Has got the 160 mega bytes of internal memory, 64 mega bytes of SDRAM memory 3. Built-in Bluetooth and Infrared port 4. Access Internet quite easily 5. Built-in 5 mega pixels camera that has got Carl Zeiss optics 6. Built-in GPS receiver
Artcles 2: The Disadvantages of Letting Students Use Their Cell Phones at School In most high schools, the majority of the students own a cell phone. Whatever the rules are at their school about cell phones, students use them. Sometimes they are caught by their teachers, but most of the time, students get away with it. Having a cell phone at school comes with many advantages, but there are also negative things that come of it. Students can turn their phone off, or turn it on vibrate or silence during their classes so that it does not ring and causes a disruption while they are learning. They are able to silence their phones, but most students will forget to this at least once during their high school career. When they do forget and they receive a call or text message, the whole class stops. Even if students put their phone in vibrate mode, some cell phones can still be heard. Everyone turns to look at what is causing the sudden noise and the teacher stops talking. This distracts students from their lesson and makes them have to re-focus all over again. Using cell phones during class is very common. It doesn't matter to students that they are not allowed to use their cell phones while they are in class, they do it anyway. They often send text messages to each other and this can also distract them from their education, as well as distract the person they are texting, which is likely to be another student. Many people call this the new way of passing notes. Students who have their cell phone in class can use it to cheat. They can text another person and ask them the questions on the test, or the assignment they are given. This causes a problem because it can be very simple to do. Teachers pay attention to their students, but they cannot watch all of them at the same time. During a test it is more easier to catch a student who is text messages, but during regular class it can be easy to miss. Cell phones enable students to cheat fairly easily. Some believe that when students use their cell phones at school, it makes rumors spread faster. Everyone has access to a cell phone and when somebody hears a rumor, they send a text message to their friend to tell them about it, and their friend sends a text message to another friend, and so on. Some also think that the fast spreading of rumors makes it more likely that the rumors will worsen as it is being spread, and that the quicker it spreads, the worse it gets. When a rumor does start, the use of cell phone increases as each person receives the news, and the overuse of cell phones can cause cell phone network to overload which means that someone who is in an emergency would not be able to reach the people who could provide them help. The main problem that people have with students being able to use their cell phones during school hours is that students can use them to cheat. If it were not for that, most people would not have an issue, but since students are able to do this, it has become a problem. The problem is that high schools allow students to have cell phones, whether or not they are allowed to use them during school hours, and most students will use them whether or not they are allowed to.
Main Idea:
1. Causing the sudden noise and the teacher stops talking - Distracts students from their lesson and makes them have to re-focus all over again
2. Distract them from their education and the person they are texting
3. Use handphone to cheat - text another person and ask them the questions on the test - text messages during class lesson
4. Makes rumors spread faster - send a text message to their friend to tell them about it, and their friend sends a text message to another friend, and so on - rumors will worsen as it is being spread, and that the quicker it spreads
Article 2: Cell Phones and Cancer Risk
1. Why are the findings from different studies of cell phone use and cancer risk inconsistent? A limited number of studies have shown some evidence of statistical association of cell phone use and brain tumor risks, but most studies have found no association. Reasons for these discrepancies include the following: o Recall bias, which may happen when a study collects data about prior habits and exposures using questionnaires administered after disease has been diagnosed in some of the study participants. It is possible that study participants who have brain tumors may remember their cell phone use differently than individuals without brain tumors. Many epidemiologic studies of cell phone use and brain cancer risk lack verifiable data about the total amount of cell phone use over time. In addition, people who develop a brain tumor may have a tendency to recall using their cell phone mostly on the same side of their head where the tumor was found, regardless of whether they actually used their phone on that side of their head a lot or only a little. o Inaccurate reporting, which may happen when people say that something has happened more or less often than it actually did. People may not remember how much they used cell phones in a given time period. o Morbidity and mortality among study participants who have brain cancer. Gliomas are particularly difficult to study, for example, because of their high death rate and the short survival of people who develop these tumors. Patients who survive initial treatment are often impaired, which may affect their responses to questions. Furthermore, for people who have died, next-of-kin are often less familiar with the cell phone use patterns of their deceased family member and may not accurately describe their patterns of use to an interviewer. o Participation bias, which can happen when people who are diagnosed with brain tumors are more likely than healthy people (known as controls) to enroll in a research study. Also, controls who did not or rarely used cell phones were less likely to participate in the Interphone study than controls who used cell phones regularly. For example, the Interphone study reported participation rates of 78 percent for meningioma patients (range 5692 percent for the individual studies), 64 percent for the glioma patients (range 3692 percent), and 53 percent for control subjects (range 4274 percent) (9). One series of Swedish studies reported participation rates of 85 percent in people with brain cancer and 84 percent in control subjects (16). o Changing technology and methods of use. Older studies evaluated radiofrequency energy exposure from analog cell phones. However, most cell phones today use digital technology, which operates at a different frequency and a lower power level than analog phones. Digital cell phones have been in use for more than a decade in the United States, and cellular technology continues to change (6). Texting, for example, has become a popular way of using a cell phone to communicate that does not require bringing the phone close to the head. Furthermore, the use of hands-free technology, such as wired and wireless headsets, is increasing and may decrease radiofrequency energy exposure to the head and brain. o 2. What do expert organizations conclude? The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), a component of the World Health Organization, has recently classified radiofrequency fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans, based on limited evidence from human studies, limited evidence from studies of radiofrequency energy and cancer in rodents, and weak mechanistic evidence (from studies of genotoxicity, effects on immune system function, gene and protein expression, cell signaling, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, along with studies of the possible effects of radiofrequency energy on the blood-brain barrier). The American Cancer Society (ACS) states that the IARC classification means that there could be some risk associated with cancer, but the evidence is not strong enough to be considered causal and needs to be investigated further. Individuals who are concerned about radiofrequency exposure can limit their exposure, including using an ear piece and limiting cell phone use, particularly among children. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) states that the weight of the current scientific evidence has not conclusively linked cell phone use with any adverse health problems, but more research is needed. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which is responsible for regulating the safety of machines and devices that emit radiation (including cell phones), notes that studies reporting biological changes associated with radiofrequency energy have failed to be replicated and that the majority of human epidemiologic studies have failed to show a relationship between exposure to radiofrequency energy from cell phones and health problems. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that, although some studies have raised concerns about the possible risks of cell phone use, scientific research as a whole does not support a statistically significant association between cell phone use and health effects. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) concludes that there is no scientific evidence that proves that wireless phone use can lead to cancer or to other health problems, including headaches, dizziness, or memory loss.
3. What studies are under way that will help further our understanding of the health effects of cell phone use? A large prospective cohort study of cell phone use and its possible long-term health effects was launched in Europe in March 2010. This study, known as COSMOS , will enroll approximately 250,000 cell phone users ages 18 or older and will follow them for 20 to 30 years. Participants in COSMOS will complete a questionnaire about their health, lifestyle, and current and past cell phone use. This information will be supplemented with information from health records and cell phone records. The challenge of such ambitious studies is to maintain the completeness of their cohorts over many decades. Researchers will need to determine whether participants who leave are somehow different from those who remain throughout the follow-up period. Another case-control study, called Mobi-Kids , is under way to examine health effects among children. Although recall bias is minimized in case-control studies that link to cell phone records, such studies face other problems. For example, it is impossible to know who is using the listed cell phone or whether that individual also places calls using other cell phones. To a lesser extent, it is not clear whether multiple users of a single phone will be represented on a single bill. The NIEHS, which is part of the National Institutes of Health, is carrying out a study of risks related to exposure to radiofrequency energy (the type used in cell phones) in highly specialized labs that can specify and control sources of radiation and measure their effects on rodents.
4. Do children have a higher risk of developing cancer due to cell phone use than adults? In theory, children have the potential to be at greater risk than adults for developing brain cancer from cell phones. Their nervous systems are still developing and therefore more vulnerable to factors that may cause cancer. Their heads are smaller than those of adults and therefore have a greater proportional exposure to the field of radiofrequency radiation that is emitted by cell phones. And children have the potential of accumulating more years of cell phone exposure than adults do. So far, the data from clinical studies in children do not support this theory. The first published analysis came from a large case-control study called CEFALO, which was conducted in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Switzerland. The study included children who were diagnosed with brain tumors between 2004 and 2008, when their ages ranged from 7 to 19. Researchers did not find an association between cell phone use and brain tumor risk in this group of children. However, they noted that their results did not rule out the possibility of a slight increase in brain cancer risk among children who use cell phones, and that data gathered through prospective studies and objective measurements, rather than participant surveys and recollections, will be key in clarifying whether there is an increased risk (18). Researchers from the Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology in Spain are conducting another international study Mobi-Kids to evaluate the risk associated with new communications technologies (including cell phones) and other environmental factors in young people ages 10 to 24.
HANDPHONES SHOULD BE BANNED IN MALAYSIANS SCHOOLS
Schools today face many new challenges in dealing with the emergence of technology. With every new gadget invented, a new set of rules must be created to coincide with current school policy. A great new topic of debate centers on the usage of cell phones in a school setting. One side contends that because cell phones are always in tow, they should also be allowed for use in schools because of emergency calls. The other side stands firm in the forbiddance of cell phones in school due to the obvious distractions they provide. Cell phones should be banned from use inside of a school setting. Only in the past decade have more American children been given a cell phone for personal use by their parents. Prior to this recent trend, children were expected to be where their parents left them whether it was at school, swim practice, or a friends house. It is fair to say that most parentss benefit from a family plan cell phone coverage and offer their children cell phones because they are available at little or no cost. Parents nowadays expect to contact their children by calling their cell phone at any time ensuring their childs safety and whereabouts. This new layer of protection is fine for personal use, but parents should trust the safety of a school setting and children should not be permitted to speak with anyone on a cell phone during school hours. The use of cell phones in school is distracting on many levels. Once at the high school level, children are very involved with their peers and staying in the know is often important. Cell phones create an instant portal for socialization whether it is through a conversation or a text message. If cell phones were allowed for use in school, the contact from student to student would be constant and very distracting from the learning process. Limiting cell phone use to certain times of the day is impractical because children are prone to breaking rules and the temptation is too great. If a student or parent needs to contact one another in an emergency, then they should do so via the main office of the school as has been common practice for decades. Simple rules of cell phone etiquette are a nice idea in theory. It would be great to publish a list of dos and donts and have a repercussion for said offenses but it is too impractical. There is no governing body to establish parameters on free speech and certainly big cell phone providers would never instruct their customers in ways not to use their product. Although many people exercise poor cell phone etiquette, they often know the appropriate times and places of usage, but ignore the unspoken rules. Hopefully, as technology evolves, people will be ever more respectful to traditional expectations of social interactions. For me, there are many important reasons why hand phones or cellular phones should not be allowed at the school premises. Although recent years have witnessed an "explosion" of hand phones in Malaysia, it would be a grave mistake to allow school students to bring them to school. Firstly, possession of hand phones distracts students from their studies. In fact, the main reason why the government has made it illegal for drivers to use hand phones while on the road is that it increases risks of accidents. Likewise, hand phone users at schools would be busy either sending short message texts (SMS) or calling their friends when they should be focusing on their studies. Next, hand phones are becoming cheaper to own. With the introduction of the prepaid system, many students even from poor backgrounds are able to own hand phones. Thus, I have personally witnessed how students compete to buy expensive handphones with the latest features. Video phones are the latest craze and there have been cases reported in the press whereby students have used the phones to film other students in compromising positions. They have in fact used the films to black mail the targeted student or sell them to VCD peddlers or even circulate them through the internet. Many kids these days have cell phones. You often see teenagers talking on their phones, or, just as often, texting. It has become a part of everyday life, and a part of our society. Many teenagers and pre-teens get cell phones as early as possible, sometimes younger than age 12. It is encouraged socially, especially among teenagers, to have a phone, and many teenagers get phones just because of peer pressure. Cell phones can be very useful, for communication between kids and parents (especially teenagers that cant drive), and can be very important in emergencies. But cell phones can also be used for less important reasons, such as excessive amounts of texting. One big issue concerning cell phones and teenagers is the use of cell phones in school. Many teenagers believe that cell phones should be allowed in school, during class. But cell phones should not be allowed during school, because they would provide distractions for students and teachers, allow for cheating on tests, and for other social reasons. If a students cell phone rang during class, it would obviously distract him from the class and whatever the teacher is teaching. If this continued, it could prove detrimental to that students education. It could also be distracting to other students, for if someone was talking on their phone while the teacher was talking, it would be difficult for the students to focus on the teacher. But what if two people answered there phone during class? Or three, or four? It would be quite distracting for those students, and for their classmates. Plus, it would certainly be distracting for the teacher-trying to talk over students who are talking when they are. One of the best ways to get in trouble during class is to talk when the teacher is talking, for it distracts the teacher, the student, and their classmates; if cell phone were allowed in school, they would increase the amount of time students are talking when they dont need to, making the class more difficult to teach, take longer, and be less educational. Cell phones could also provide a means of cheating on tests. Almost all cell phones have texting, and kids have become good at texting without getting caught. It would be easy for kids to text each other the answers to tests during testing sessions if everyone is allowed to use their phone during class. If teachers ask what students are doing, they can just say that they are texting their mom. Now, some might say that kids are more honest than that, but they are wrong. One teacher had a story about a class he used to teach in. Some of the kids began to learn sign language, just for fun. The teacher thought it was good that they were doing something new and different-until he found out that they were using sign language to cheat on tests. If kids can find a way to cheat on tests, they will. Allowing cell phones in school would condone cheating on tests, allowing for teens to get unfair test grades, and would only prove detrimental in preparation for college and life in the real world. Cell phones also can cause social problems, which would only increase if cell phones were allowed in school. First of all, cell phones are impersonal and rather anti- social. If a kid is using their phone to text during class all the time, they wouldnt need to be as good at actually talking to others, which would degenerate social skills, which are very important in life for jobs, creating good family relationships, and making and keeping friends. Another social problem that could occur is cyber-bullying. If cell phones were allowed to be used throughout the school day, it would be easier and there would be more time for students to use technology to bully other students (and without getting caught, unless the victim reports the bullying, which is quite rare). Another problem with cell phones is known as sexting, which is when students send nude pictures of themselves to other students. This is very inappropriate, and is illegal in some places. If students had access to their phones all day, chances are the amount of sexting would increase, because of more time available to do so. These all are known problems that cell phones cause or worsen, and these problems would very likely get more serious if cell phones were allowed in school. Despite what many teenagers argue, allowing cell phones during school would not be a good idea because of distractions to students and teachers, a new and easy way of cheating on tests, and enhanced social problems, including loss of social skills, sexting, and cyber-bullying. In a society where almost everyone over the age of thirteen carries a cell phone, pager, or both, many school systems have banned these items from school grounds. Why? Many say its due to the potential problems, such as texting during classes. Others say it is because they interrupt the learning environment. Whatever the reason the school boards give, should cell phones really be banned from school premises? In a day and age where everyone relies heavily upon modern technology for communication, cell phones are a good thing to have, especially for high school students. Many students have after-school activities, such as a sport or a club that they participate in after school hours, when most people, including the office staff, have already gone home for the day. The students need a way to contact their parents during and after these activities, and vice versa. If cell phones were banned from school grounds, even just during school hours, how would the kids contact their parents afterwards? With only one or two phones in the office or on a coach, having thirty or more students per activity coming in to use the phone one after the other is just ridiculous. It would take hours, something that would take minutes overall if the kids each had their own cell phone. Many adults are worried that during a crisis, students having cell phones is a safety hazard. How? If the board is worried that all of the students would be calling 911 at the same time and clogging up the line, what is the difference between a thousand kids and two thousand hysterical parents? If they are worrying about rumors getting out of control by way of texting or calling, why not just tell the kids whats going on rather than leave them in the dark to come up with their ridiculous theories? In my opinion, it actually provides a certain amount of safety. Parents may call their children and can know where they are, instead of them worrying whether the teen is at a friends house or out walking the streets with a gang after school. The board, principals, and teachers alike are concerned that if cell phones are allowed in school, there will be problems with texting in class. My solution to this is to make a rule that says cell phones have to be off and put away during school hours. If a student is caught texting in class, have the teacher take up the phone for the rest of the day, or maybe even until the next day. This seems like a reasonable compromise, because that way the kids are still able to contact whoever they need to after school, but are free from distractions during the day. As with the rule that bans the students from chewing gum in school, how is the school really supposed to enforce the banning of cell phones? Students will continue to bring phones to school regardless of whether or not its against the rules. Honestly, I think at least a few students bring their phones because its against the rules. The recent search at West High School, where over six hundred phones were taken up plus an unidentified number of iPods and the like despite the fact that electronic devices are banned from the grounds, only proves my point. Six hundred phones is over half the school. Cell phones, while they might seem like nothing but a distraction and a safety hazard for school across the country, are in actuality quite the opposite. Banning cell phones from the school premises will only ever have detrimental effects. As long as there is a sensible rule in place, such as Students are required to leave cell phones off and out of sight during school hours, there is no chance of distractions or of safety hazards because of them. After all, theres probably more of a chance a kid will trip and fall than the chance or a cell phone being a distraction when its turned off, isnt there? All in all, schools will be a better learning environment and better prepare students for life in the outside world if cell phones are continued to be banned during the school day.