Diesel cycle is a gas power cycle invented by Rudolph Diesel in the year 1897.

It is widely used in
diesel engines.
Diesel cycle is similar to Otto cycle except in the act that it has one constant pressure process
instead o a constant volume process !in Otto cycle".
Diesel cycle can be understood well i you reer its p#$ and %#s diagrams.
p#$ and %#s Diagrams o Diesel &ycle'
p#$ Diagram %#s Diagram
Diesel &ycle p#$ Diagram Diesel &ycle %#s Diagram
(rocesses in Diesel &ycle'
Diesel cycle has our processes. %hey are'
(rocess 1#)' Isentropic !Reversible adiabatic" &ompression
(rocess )#*' &onstant (ressure !Isobaric" +eat ,ddition
(rocess *#-' Isentropic .xpansion
(rocess -#1' &onstant $olume !Isochoric" +eat Re/ection
(rocess 1#)' Isentropic &ompression
In this process0 the piston moves rom 1ottom Dead &entre !1D&" to %op Dead &entre !%D&"
position. ,ir is compressed isentropically inside the cylinder. (ressure o air increases rom p1 to
p)0 temperature increases rom %1 to %)0 and volume decreases rom $1 to $). .ntropy remains
constant !i.e.0 s1 2 s)". 3or4 is done on the system in this process !denoted by 3in in the
diagrams above".
(rocess )#*' &onstant (ressure +eat ,ddition
In this process0 heat is added at constant pressure rom an external heat source. $olume
increases rom $) to $*0 temperature increases rom %) to %* and entropy increases rom s) to
s*.
+eat added in process )#* is given by
5in 2 m&p!%* 6 %)" 47 8888 !i"
where0
m 9 :ass o air in 4g
&p 9 ;peciic heat at constant pressure in 47<4g=
%) 9 %emperature at point ) in =
%* 9 %emperature at point * in =
(rocess *#-' Isentropic .xpansion
+ere the compressed and heated air is expanded isentropically inside the cylinder. %he piston is
orced rom %D& to 1D& in the cylinder. (ressure o air decreases rom p* to p-0 temperature
decreases rom %* to %-0 and volume increases rom $* to $-. .ntropy remains constant !i.e.0 s*
2 s-". 3or4 is done by the system in this process !denoted by 3out in the p#$ and %#s diagrams
above".
(rocess -#1' &onstant $olume +eat Re/ection
In this process0 heat is re/ected at constant volume !$- 2 $1". (ressure decreases rom (- to (10
temperature decreases rom %- to %1 and entropy decreases rom s- to s1.
+eat re/ected in process -#1 is given by
5out 2 m&v!%- 6 %1" 47 8888 !ii"
where0
m 9 :ass o air in 4g
&v 9 ;peciic heat at constant volume in 47<4g=
%) 9 %emperature at point ) in =
%* 9 %emperature at point * in =
>or a good understanding o every process0 reer the p#$ and %#s diagrams above '"
,ir#standard .iciency o Diesel &ycle'
,ir#standard eiciency !or thermal eiciency" o diesel cycle is given by'
?%h2?Diesel2+eat,dded6+eatRe/ected+eat,dded @1AAB
?Diesel25in65out5in@1AAB
>rom eCuations !i" and !ii"
?Diesel2m&p!%* D%)"Dm&$!%-D%1"m&p!%*D%)" @1AAB
?Diesel2!16m&$!%-6%1"m&p!%*6%)"" @1AAB
?Diesel2!16&$!%-6%1"&p!%*6%)"" @1AAB
?Diesel2!161E!%-6%1"!%*6%)"" @1AAB!;ince0&p&$2E &$&p21E"
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