Maranao people

Maranao (Maranao: ['mranaw]; Filipino: Mranaw

[2]
), also spelled as Meranao and Meranau,
is the term used officially by the Philippine government in reference to the southern tribe who
are now the people of the lake called Ranao in the Iranaon language, a predominantly Muslim
region in the Philippines island of Mindanao. They are famous for their artwork, sophisticated
weaving, wood and metal crafts, and their epic literature, Darangen. The word Maranao, also
spelled Meranau is a misnomer as it does not have a sense in reference to nouns such as people,
place or thing. The prefix MA- means 'to be', i.e., Maranao means to be lake. The real term is
Iranon which when pronounced fluently is Iranon (also Iranun) meaning "People of the Lake,"
[3]

referring to the indigenous people who inhabited the lands around Lake Lanao whose principal
town is Marawi City. The Maranaos are part of the wider Moro ethnic group, who constitute the
sixth largest Moro ethnic group.
The life of the Maranaos is centered on Lake Lanao, the largest in Mindanao, and the second
largest and deepest lake in the Philippines. This breathtakingly beautiful lake is surrounded with
myths and legends, it is the main source of fisheries, and the main source of a hydroelectric plant
installed on it; and the Agus River system that generates 70% of the electricity used by the
people of Mindanao. A commanding view of the lake is offered by Marawi City, the provincial
capital.



Igorot People
Igorot (or the more accurate term Cordillerans) is the collective name of several Austronesian
ethnic groups of highlanders in The Philippines from the Cordillera Administrative Region of
Luzon. They inhabit the six provinces of Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Kalinga, Ifugao, and Mountain
Province, as well as Baguio City.

Etymology
The word "Igorot" is an exonym, derived from the archaic Tagalog term for "mountain people"
(formed from the prefix i-, "dweller of" and golot, "mountain range"). During the Spanish colonial era,
the term was variously recorded as Igolot, Ygolot, and Igorrote, compliant to Spanish orthography.
[2]

The endonyms Ifugao or Ipugao (also meaning "mountain people") are used more frequently within
the Igorots themselves, as igorotis viewed by some as slightly pejorative.
[3]
More recently, specially
after their separation as a distinct province, Ifugaos, despite the similarities in some cultural
traditions and practices, are considered to be a separate ethnic group with their own ethnolinguistic
characteristics and practices, preferring to be called and identified as ifugaos rather than as igorots



Ilongot people

The Ilongots (or Ibilao
[1]
) are a tribe who inhabit the southern Sierra Madre
(Philippines) and Caraballo Mountains, on the east side of Luzon Island in the Philippines, primarily
in the provinces of Nueva Vizcaya and Nueva Ecija and along the mountain border between the
provinces of Quirino and Aurora. An alternative name of this tribe and its language is
"Bugkalots".and the people live is
Presently, there are about 2,500 Ilongots. The Ilongots tend to inhabit areas close to rivers, as they
provide a foodsource and a means for transportation. Their language is the Ilongot language,
currently spoken by about 50,000 people.
Culture
In Michelle Rosaldos study in 1980 of the Ilongots , she described gender differences related to the
positive cultural value placed on adventure, travel, and knowledge of the external world. Ilongot
men, more often than women, visited distant places. They acquired knowledge of the outside world,
amassed experiences there, and returned in order to share their knowledge, adventures, and
feelings in a public oratory in order to pass on their knowledge to others. The Ilongot men received
acclaim as a result of their experiences. Because they lacked external experience on which to base
knowledge and expression, Ilongot women had inferior prestige.
On the basis of Michelle Rosaldos study and findings of other stateless societies, anthropologists
must distinguish between prestige systems and actual power within a society. Just because a male
has a high level of prestige, he may not own much economic or political power compared to others
that are less prestigious within the society.