India

India

s Nuclear
s Nuclear
Programme
Programme
V Raghuraman
V Raghuraman
Confederation of Indian Industry
Confederation of Indian Industry
Confederation of Indian Industry
ENERGY SCENARIO
ENERGY SCENARIO
GENERATING CAPACITY 147458 MW
Power Infrastructure in India(end J an.09)
Source: CEA
(As on 31-01-09 )
FUEL MIX
RES** (MNRE)
, 13242.41, 9%
Hydro
(Renewable) ,
36762.76, 25%
Nuclear , 4120,
3%
Total Thermal ,
93332.64, 63%
Total Thermal Nuclear Hydro (Renewable) RES** (MNRE)
Electricity Requirement 2031
Electricity Requirement 2031
-
-
32
32
8% 9%
Total Energy Requirement 3880 4806
Energy Requirement at Bus Bar 3628 4493
592 733
778 960
Billion kWh
Projected Peak Demand (GW)
Installed Capacity Requirement (GW)
GDP Growth Rate
190
226
157
213
117
300
220
320
100
150
200
250
300
350
DESPITE THE ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN, DEMAND WILL DESPITE THE ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN, DEMAND WILL
BE HIGHER THAN CURRENT ESTIMATES BE HIGHER THAN CURRENT ESTIMATES
* Including captive demand
** See appendix for details on demand estimation approaches
Source: Central Electricity Authority (CEA); Global Insight (World Industry Monitor); Planning Commission; McKinsey analysis
Revised Likely range Revised Likely range
Peak demand estimates*
GW, 2007-2017
Adjusted comparable
economy approach**
Sectoral intensity
approach**
Integrated Energy Policy
CEA estimates
158
2012 2017 2007
Additional capacity
of ~240-265 GW
required
6
Expected Fuel Mix in Country (2031-32)
Source : Report on Integrated Energy Policy
With limited hydro capacity, generation from fossil
fuel and nuclear is bound to increase significantly.
Potential of Nuclear Power in India
Resource Potential (GWe-Yr)
Uranium (78,000 tonnes metal) In PHWRs 330
(about10,000 MWe PHWRs.)
&
In FBRs - 42,200
Thorium(518,000 tonnes metal)In Breeders150,000*
(*This is equivalent to Indias total electricity requirements for
Several Thousand Years considering current consumption levels.)
Nuclear Power Installed capacity
Nuclear Power Installed capacity
Potential (GW)
Potential (GW)
Year Uni t
Opti mi sti c* Pessi mi sti c
2010 Gwe 11 9
2020 Gwe 29 21
2030 Gwe 63 48
2040 Gwe 131 104
2050 Gwe 275 208
Source: DOAE
* It is assumed that India will be able to import 8000 MW of LWRs
with fuel over the next ten years.
Scenari o
Nuclear Energy in India
Nuclear Energy in India
7
NARORA
440 MWe ( 2x220)
17 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS UNITS IN OPERATION
RAWATBHATA
740 MWe
(1x100+1x200+2x220)
KAIGA
660 MWe (3x220)
KALPAKKAM
440 MWe (2x220)
KAKRAPAR
440 MWe (2X220)
TARAPUR
1400 MWe
(2x160 +2x540*)
Nuclear Energy in India
Nuclear Energy in India
Conti..
Conti..
15
6 NUCLEAR POWER UNITS UNDER CONSTRUCTION
RAWATBHATA
440MWe (2X220)
KUDANKULAM
2000 MWe (2x1000)
KAIGA
220 MWe(1x220)
KALPAKKAM
500 MWe (1x500)
Nuclear Energy in India
Nuclear Energy in India
Conti..
Conti..
28
Narora, UP
2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe)
IN OPERATION
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
LIKELY ADDITIONS
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS PLANNED
Rawatbhatajasthan
3 (640 MWe)
2(440 MWe)
2(1400MWe)
Kudankulam, TN
2 (2000 MWe)
4 (4000 MWe)
Kaiga,Karnataka
2 (440 MWe)
2 (440 MWe)
2 (1400 MWe)
Kalpakkam, TN
2 (440 MWe)
1 (500 MWe)
2 (1000 MWe)
Kakrapar, Gujarat
2 (440 MWe)
2 (1400 MWe)
Tarapur, Maharashtra
3 (860 MWe)
1(540 MWe)
3 (2300 MWe)
Jaitapur, Maharashtra
6 (6000-8000 MWe)
SITES ALREADY APPROVED FOR PRE-PROJECT ACTIVITIES
RAWATBHATA
1400 MWe
KUDANKULAM
2000 MWe
KAKRAPAR
1400 MWe
JAITAPUR
2000 MWe
Nuclear Energy in India
Nuclear Energy in India
Conti..
Conti..
29
Narora, UP
2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe)
IN OPERATION
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
LIKELY ADDITIONS
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS PLANNED
Rawatbhatajasthan
3 (640 MWe)
2(440 MWe)
2(1400MWe)
Kudankulam, TN
2 (2000 MWe)
4 (4000 MWe)
Kaiga,Karnataka
2 (440 MWe)
2 (440 MWe)
2 (1400 MWe)
Kalpakkam, TN
2 (440 MWe)
1 (500 MWe)
2 (1000 MWe)
Kakrapar, Gujarat
2 (440 MWe)
2 (1400 MWe)
Tarapur, Maharashtra
3 (860 MWe)
1(540 MWe)
3 (2300 MWe)
J aitapur, Maharashtra
6 (6000-8000 MWe)
BHIMAPUR
2800 MWe)
ADDITIONAL SITES UNDER CONSIDERATION
KUDANKULAM
2000 MWe
KAIGA
1400 MWe
KALPAKKAM
1000 MWe
TARAPUR
2300 MWe
J AITAPUR
4000-6000 MWe
KOVVADA
4000 MWe
NARORA
1400 MWe
Nuclear Energy in India
Nuclear Energy in India
6
Three Stage Nuclear Power Program
Ownership Models
All operating nuclear power plants owned & operated by NPCIL
FBR under construction is owned & will be operated by BHAVINI
Presently ownership is limited by law to
Government of India or,
A Government Company
NTPC as a Government Company proposes to participate in Nuclear
Power Generation
CurrentSituationinNuclearPowerGenerationinIndia
15
Project Execution Models
Indigenous nuclear power plants executed on multi-package model
Plants supplied by overseas entities executed on E & P or EPC basis
CurrentSituationinNuclearPowerGenerationinIndia
16
Prospective Ownership Models Prospective Ownership Models
Existing DAE Corporations Existing DAE Corporations
e.g., NPCIL, BHAVINI e.g., NPCIL, BHAVINI
New Government owned New Government owned SPVs SPVs created under DAE auspices created under DAE auspices
Non Non- -DAE Government Corporations DAE Government Corporations
e.g., NTPC e.g., NTPC
Public Public Private Partnerships (PPP) Private Partnerships (PPP)
Private Ownership Private Ownership
Domestic / Overseas / JV Domestic / Overseas / JV
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
17
Potential Opportunities for Overseas Potential Opportunities for Overseas Corporates Corporates
As E&P Contractor As E&P Contractor
Nuclear Island Nuclear Island
Power Island Power Island
Entire Power Plant Entire Power Plant
As EPC Contractor As EPC Contractor
Nuclear Island Nuclear Island
Power Island Power Island
Entire Power Plant Entire Power Plant
As JV Partner in Promoter Consortium As JV Partner in Promoter Consortium
As Principal Promoter As Principal Promoter
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
18
Issues requiring Discussion and Resolution Issues requiring Discussion and Resolution
Amendment to Atomic Energy Act Amendment to Atomic Energy Act
Public Liability Public Liability
Process for Promoter Selection Process for Promoter Selection
Pre Pre- -qualification Criteria qualification Criteria
Eligibility Criteria for Overseas Investors & Partners Eligibility Criteria for Overseas Investors & Partners
Bidding and Bid Evaluation Process Bidding and Bid Evaluation Process
Acceptable Technology Options Acceptable Technology Options
Nomination of Prospective Sites Nomination of Prospective Sites
Fuel Procurement & Supply and Pricing Fuel Procurement & Supply and Pricing
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
19
Issues requiring Discussion and Resolution ( contd Issues requiring Discussion and Resolution ( contd. ) . )
Spent Fuel Management Spent Fuel Management
Project Contracting & Execution Strategies Project Contracting & Execution Strategies
Fiscal Incentives Fiscal Incentives
AERB Approval Requirements and Processes AERB Approval Requirements and Processes
Uniform and Consistent Design Basis Criteria Uniform and Consistent Design Basis Criteria
Indigenous Content Maximization Indigenous Content Maximization
Protection against Terrorist Attacks Protection against Terrorist Attacks
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
20
Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government
Appointment of a Nodal Agency Appointment of a Nodal Agency
Nomination of Potential Sites Nomination of Potential Sites
Site Evaluation Studies Site Evaluation Studies
Land Availability Land Availability
Population & Environmental Impact Population & Environmental Impact
Geo Geo- -political & Strategic Aspects political & Strategic Aspects
Seismology Seismology
On On- -shore and Off shore and Off- -shore Geology shore Geology
Topography Topography
Bathymetry Bathymetry
Oceanography Oceanography
Meteorology Meteorology
Flood Level Data Flood Level Data
Fresh Water Availability Fresh Water Availability
Power Evacuation Power Evacuation
Transportation & Logistics Transportation & Logistics
AERB Approval AERB Approval
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
21
Formation of Shell Companies Formation of Shell Companies
Land Acquisition and Development Land Acquisition and Development
Development of Plant Design Bases Development of Plant Design Bases
Enunciation of Principles of PPA Enunciation of Principles of PPA
Development of Tendering Norms & Conditions and Bid Development of Tendering Norms & Conditions and Bid- -qualification & qualification &
Selection processes Selection processes
Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government
( contd. ) ( contd. )
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
22
Adaptation of Standard Designs to Indian Conditions Adaptation of Standard Designs to Indian Conditions
Evaluation of Indian Manufacturing and Construction Capabilities Evaluation of Indian Manufacturing and Construction Capabilities
& Capacities & Capacities
Firming up Scope and Details of Procurement of Equipment and Firming up Scope and Details of Procurement of Equipment and
Services from India Services from India
Basic Engineering for Site Dependent Basic Engineering for Site Dependent BoP BoP Facilities in respect of Facilities in respect of
Identified Sites Identified Sites
Suggested Initiatives for Overseas Suggested Initiatives for Overseas Corporates Corporates
Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
THANK YOU
THANK YOU