Introduction 80211 Ac Technology and Testing

2012 Agilent Technologies
Wireless Communications
Greater insight. Greater confidence. Accelerate next-generation wireless.
Introduction to 802.11ac WLAN
Technology and Testing
Presented by: Mirin Lew, Agilent Technologies
Agenda
WLAN Market Update
IEEE 802.11 Standards Evolution
Overview of 802.11ac
Performance Goals and Timeline
Review of 802.11n
New Enhancements for 802.11ac
Design and Test Challenges
Transmitter Tests
Receiver Tests
Summary of Measurement Solutions
2
WLAN Market Update
WLAN retail and enterprise market growth rate for 2010 estimated at 12%
(IDC) to 23% (Infonetics). For first 3 quarters of 2011, IDC estimated
quarterly growth rates of 16% to > 20% year-over-year.
Growth drivers:
Integration of WLAN into more consumer products: smartphones,
digital cameras, e-readers, media players, gaming consoles, Blu-ray
players, HDTVs
Increasing adoption and use of WLAN in companies, small
office/home office, hospitals, etc. Enterprise market growing faster
than retail market.
Use of WLAN to offload data from cellular networks
New applications: health/fitness, medical, smart meters, home
automation
Multi-format chipsets are increasingly common, mostly WLAN + Bluetooth or
WLAN + Bluetooth + FM today, some include cellular, WiMAX, and/or GPS:
need to test multiple technologies/formats and avoid interference
3
New Applications for WLAN
Growth of high-definition video and desire for wireless connections is
driving need for higher data rates for applications such as:
Wireless display
Distribution of video/media content throughout the home or office
Rapid file upload/download (sync devices, movie kiosks)
Example data rates:
4
Application Data Rate (Mbps)
Interactive videoconferencing 0.38 to 0.5
Internet video streaming 2.5 to 8
HDTV 19.4 to 25
Blu-Ray 40
Uncompressed video, good quality
(8-bits/color, 1920x1080p, 24 fps, 4:2:2)
796
Uncompressed video, best quality
(10-bits/color, 1920x1080p, 60 fps, 4:4:4)
3730
IEEE 802.11 Standards Evolution
5
WLAN
802.11-
1997
2 Mbps,
DSSS, FHSS
802.11b
11 Mbps,
CCK, DSSS
802.11a
54 Mbps,
OFDM, 5 GHz
802.11g
54 Mbps,
OFDM, 2.4 GHz
802.11n
600 Mbps with
4x4 MIMO,
20/40 MHz BW,
2.4 or 5 GHz
802.11ac
802.11ad
802.11p
27 Mbps, 10 MHz
BW, 5.8 GHz
802.11af
TVWS
Wireless
Gigabit
(WiGig)
Very High Throughput, 60 GHz
Very High Throughput, <6 GHz
TV White
Spaces
Wireless Access
for Vehicular
Environment
(WAVE/DSRC)
DSRC = Dedicated Short-Range Communications
Introduction to 802.11ac Standard:
Enhancements for Very High Throughput (VHT)
Standard under development by IEEE 802.11ac Task Group (TGac)
- Draft 1.4 released in November 2011
- Standard completion planned for Dec. 2013
Minimum very high throughput goal of 1 Gbps
Wi-Fi Alliance task group defining market requirements for 802.11ac. Expects
certification to launch by late 2012, prior to standard being finalized
ABI Research (Sept. 2011):
- 802.11ac shipments will begin in 2012, becoming dominant Wi-Fi protocol by
2014
- Most products will be 802.11n/802.11ac dual-band chipsets
- 1x1 802.11ac chipsets will remain dominant until 2015 when they will be
surpassed by 2x2 and 3x3 chipsets
In-Stat (Jan. 2012): Expect nearly 500 million 802.11ac devices by 2015, including
184 million notebooks and 165 million smartphones
802.11ac products announced by Quantenna, Broadcom, Redpine, Trendnet.
Broadcom is marketing 802.11ac as 5G WiFi (www.5gwifi.org).
6
Review of 802.11n: Basis for 802.11ac
7
Feature Mandatory Optional
Transmission method OFDM
Channel bandwidth 20 MHz 40 MHz
FFT size 64 128
Data subcarriers / pilots 52 / 4 108 / 6
Subcarrier spacing 312.5 kHz
OFDM symbol duration 4 s (800 ns guard interval) 3.6 s (with 400 ns short guard
interval)
Modulation types BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
Forward error correction Binary convolutional coding (BCC) Low density parity check (LDPC)
Coding rates 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6
MCS supported 0 to 7, 0 to 15 for access points 8 to 76, 16 to 76 for APs
Spatial streams and MIMO 1, 2 for access points
direct mapping
3 or 4 streams
Tx beamforming, STBC
Operating mode / PPDU
format
Legacy/non-HT (802.11a/b/g)
Mixed/HT-mixed (802.11a/b/g/n)
Greenfield/HT-Greenfield
(802.11n only)
Changes and Enhancements for 802.11ac
Wider channels
Higher-order modulation
More spatial streams and antennas (up to 8)
Multi-user MIMO
8
Feature Mandatory Optional
Channel bandwidth 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz 160 MHz, 80+80 MHz
FFT size 64, 128, 256 512
Data subcarriers / pilots 52 / 4, 108 / 6, 234 / 8 468 / 16
Modulation types BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM 256QAM
MCS supported 0 to 7 8 and 9
Spatial streams and MIMO 1 2 to 8
Tx beamforming, STBC
Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO)
Operating mode / PPDU format Very high throughput / VHT
Data rates: 1.56 Gbps (80 MHz, 4 Tx, MCS9) reasonable case
6.93 Gbps (160 MHz, 8 Tx, MCS9, short GI) best case
802.11ac Channelization
Operates in 5-6 GHz band only, not in 2.4 GHz band
Mandatory support for 20, 40, and 80 MHz channels
40 MHz same as 802.11n. 80 MHz has more than 2x data subcarriers: 80 MHz has 234
data subcarriers + 8 pilots vs. 108 data subcarriers + 6 pilots for 40 MHz
Optional support for contiguous 160 MHz and non-contiguous 80+80 MHz transmission and
reception. 160 MHz tone allocation is the same as two 80 MHz channels.
U.S. region frequency allocation (shown below) includes 5710-5835 MHz channels not
available elsewhere. (Need to avoid weather radars in some areas)
These frequencies
are not available in
Europe, Japan and
other regions
Adapted from Specification Framework, IEEE 802.11-09/0992r15,
Updated based on 802.11ac/D1.0
245 MHz
Page 9
802.11ac VHT PPDU Format: New VHT Preamble
L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG:
Similar to same fields in 802.11a/b/g (clause 17 in 802.11 standard)
Transmitted first for backwards compatibility
Fields are duplicated over each 20 MHz sub-band with appropriate phase rotation (see 22.3.7 in
standard). Subcarriers are rotated by 90 or 180 degrees in certain sub-bands to reduce PAPR.
Cyclic shift delay applied to each transmit chain when applicable
VHT-SIG-A
1
st
symbol of VHT-SIG-A is BPSK, while 2
nd
symbol is BPSK with 90 degrees rotation (QBPSK) to
enable auto-detection of VHT
Contains info required to interpret VHT packets (BW, number of streams, STBC used, guard interval,
BCC or LDPC coding, MCS, beamforming)
L-STF L-LTF L-SIG VHT-SIG-A VHT-STF VHT-LTFs VHT Data
2 symbols 2 symbols 1 sym BPSK,
1 sym QBPSK
1 symbol,
BPSK
1 symbol
1 symb/LTF,
8 LTFs max
VHT-
SIG-B
1 symbol
802.11ac
VHT PPDU
L-STF L-LTF L-SIG HT-SIG HT-STF HT-LTFs HT Data
2 symbols 2 symbols 2 symbols,
QBPSK
1 symbol,
BPSK
1 symbol
1 symbol/LTF,
4 LTFs max
802.11n
PPDU
(Mixed Mode)
1 symbol = 4 s
PPDU = PLCP Protocol Data Unit
PLCP = Physical Layer Convergence Procedure
Page 10
October 2011
802.11ac VHT PPDU Format: New VHT Preamble
VHT Short Training Fields (VHT-STF):
Used to improve automatic gain control estimation in MIMO transmission
VHT Long Training Fields (VHT-LTF)
Long training fields: may include 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 VHT-LTFs.
Mapping matrix for 1, 2, or 4 VHT-LTFs (same as in 802.11n) or 6 or 8 VHT-LTFs (added for
802.11ac).
VHT-SIG-B:
Describes length of data and MCS for multi-user mode. Bits are repeated for each 20 MHz sub-
band.
L-STF L-LTF L-SIG VHT-SIG-A VHT-STF VHT-LTFs VHT Data
2 symbols 2 symbols 1 sym BPSK,
1 sym QBPSK
1 symbol,
BPSK
1 symbol
1 symb/LTF,
8 LTFs max
VHT-
SIG-B
1 symbol
802.11ac
VHT PPDU
L-STF L-LTF L-SIG HT-SIG HT-STF HT-LTFs HT Data
2 symbols 2 symbols 2 symbols,
QBPSK
1 symbol,
BPSK
1 symbol
1 symbol/LTF,
4 LTFs max
802.11n
PPDU
(Mixed Mode)
1 symbol = 4 s
Page 11
October 2011
Diversity
Improve robustness
Spatial Expansion
(Transmit Diversity)
Receive Diversity
Multiple Antenna Techniques in 802.11ac
Space-time block
coding (STBC)
X
1
, X
2
-X
2,
X
1
*
y
1
, y
2
Spatial division multiplexing
(direct mapping)
Multi-user MIMO
Transmit Beamforming
Spatial multiplexing
Improve user throughput
Multi-user
Increase system
efficiency
MIMO
MIMO (4x2)
Matrix
4 streams, 3 users
X
1
X
2
y
1
y
2
Downlink only
Up to 4 users
Up to 4 streams/user
Total 8 streams max
Transmitter Block Diagram, Single User
1 to 8 outputs
BCC or LDPC
used, not both
1 to 8 inputs
From Figure 22-6, IEEE P802.11ac/D1.4
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User 1 (Using LDPC)
User N (Using BCC)
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1 to 4 users,
Up to 4 streams per user
Maximum 8 streams total
From Figure 22-7, IEEE P802.11ac/D1.4
Design Challenges: 256QAM Modulation
256QAM requires better error vector magnitude (EVM) performance
Transmitter relative constellation error (EVM) spec for 256QAM is -32 dB
vs. -28 dB for 64QAM
Achieving better EVM requires better linearity and phase noise
Errors may be due to imperfections in IQ modulator, phase noise or error
in LO, or amplifier nonlinearity
Some phase noise can be removed by phase tracking in receiver, but
phase changes faster than a symbol period will not be tracked: will
impact EVM
Agilent design tools:
SystemVue W1917 WLAN Baseband Verification Library can
simulate effects of various errors to assist in optimizing design
89600 VSA software can help identify causes of EVM
Simulate Errors and Optimize System Design with
SystemVue W1917 WLAN Baseband Verification Library
16
2011.10 version includes signal processing blocks and
802.11ac reference designs for transmitter and receiver
Allows early system architecture simulation and analysis,
algorithm development, or troubleshooting
Go from design to test: generate I/Q waveform files for
download to signal generator, or analyze signals using
89600 VSA software
Supported features:
- All channel bandwidths, modulation types and MCS
including 256QAM
- BCC and LDPC coding, STBC
- 1-8 spatial streams, up to 8 Tx antennas
- Single-user and multi-user MIMO
- Spatial mapping: direct mapping, spatial expansion, or
user defined
- WLAN TGac channel model
- Receiver supports timing and frequency sync, channel
estimation and phase tracking, demapping and decoding
Option BHJ 802.11ac
Modulation Analysis supports
all bandwidths and modulation
types, up to 4x4 MIMO
89600 VSA software provides
flexible display for optimal
viewing of MIMO results:
Up to 20 simultaneous traces
and up to 20 markers per
trace
Arbitrary arrangement and
size of windows
Supports variety of hardware
configurations for the
performance, bandwidth, and
number of channels you need
802.11ac Signal Analysis with 89600 VSA
17
EVM vs. Symbol
EVM vs.
Subcarrier
Metrics per STS
Channel Matrix
Channel Frequency
Response
Example: Troubleshooting EVM with 89600 VSA
V shape of EVM vs.
carrier indicates
problem with IQ
timing skew
EVM improved from
-44.4 dB to -49.7 dB
after IQ skew
adjustment
OFDM Error
Summary display
shows IQ offset,
quadrature error,
gain imbalance, and
timing skew
Improving PA Linearity with Digital Predistortion
SystemVue W1716 DPD Builder
simplifies and automates digital
predistortion (DPD) design for power
amplifiers
DPD requires 3-5 times the signal BW
of the PA under test: need wideband
signal generation and analysis
1. Stimulus waveform downloaded to
wideband AWG, upconvert to RF
with MXG or ESG signal generator
2. PAs response captured using
M9392A and 89600 VSA software
3. W1716 compares PAs response vs.
desired signal and creates DPD
model
4. W1716 creates waveform with DPD
and downloads to AWG. PA
response measured to verify DPD.
Green = original signal
Blue = PA without DPD
Red = PA with DPD
Test Challenge:
Generating Wider Bandwidth Signals
802.11ac Waveform Creation Software
SystemVue W1917 WLAN Baseband Verification Library
2011.10 release includes 802.11ac reference designs for transmitter and
receiver
Supports BCC and LDPC coding, all channel bandwidths and MCS, SU-
MIMO and MU-MIMO with up to 8 spatial streams, channel model
N7617B Signal Studio for WLAN
Basic option for component test, advanced option for receiver test
Supports BCC and LDPC coding, all MCS, up to 4 spatial streams, and SU-
MIMO or MU-MIMO
Create 20, 40, and 80 MHz BW signals with N5182A MXG, E4438C ESG,
E8267D PSG, and N5106A PXB
Create 80+80 MHz signals with two ESGs or MXGs (RF summing)
20
Hardware for Generating 80 MHz Signals
Sampling rate limitations
Max sample rate for many RF signal generators cannot support 2x oversampling
for 80 MHz bandwidth signals
1x oversampling results in images at band edges from aliasing: need to use
fractional oversampling to allow filtering of images
Recommended HW: N5182A MXG (better EVM performance than E4438C ESG)
21
1x OSR Signal from N5182A MXG
with images at band edges
N7617B Signal Studio Waveform
from N5182A MXG: no images
Hardware for Generating 160 MHz Signals
Use wideband arbitrary waveform
generator (AWG) to create analog I/Q
signal, apply to external I/Q inputs in
RF signal generator
Need I/Q adjustments (example: IQ
skew, gain balance)
Recommended Agilent wideband AWGs:
81180A: 12 bits, up to 4.2 Gsa/s, 1
GHz BW/channel, 64MSa memory
M8190A: 12 or 14 bits, up to 12 Gsa/s,
5 GHz analog BW, 2GSa memory,
AXIe form factor
22
81180A M8190A
160 MHz signal from 81180A and N5182A MXG
Test Challenge:
Analyzing Wider Bandwidth Signals
Need to analyze 40, 80, and 160 MHz BW signals
Digital predistortion may require measuring 3 to 5 times the BW of
desired signal: up to 800 MHz for 160 MHz signal
Software: all channel BWs supported by 89600 VSA
Hardware for single-channel measurements:
N9030A PXA signal analyzer: up to 160 MHz demodulation BW,
best performance
N9020A MXA signal analyzer: up to 40 MHz demod BW
M9392A PXI Microwave VSA: up to 250 MHz BW
Infiniium or Infiniivision oscilloscopes: 1 GHz or wider BW
23
Test Challenge:
Analyzing Wider Bandwidth Signals (MIMO)
Hardware for MIMO measurements:
N7109A PXIe Multi-Channel Signal Analysis System: 2
or 4 channels, 40 MHz demodulation BW, 20 MHz to 6
GHz
M9392A PXI Microwave VSA: 2 channels, up to 250 MHz
BW
PXI MIMO System, includes M9362A-D01 Quad
Microwave Downconverter, M9202A digitizers, M9368C
attenuator, M9352A IF amp/attenuator, M9302A LO:
PXIe, 1 GHz BW, up to 4 channels
Infiniium or Infiniivision oscilloscopes: 1 GHz or wider BW,
4 channels
24
802.11ac Signal Analysis Solutions
89600 VSA
Software
N7109A Multi-Channel
Signal Analysis System
Infiniium
Oscilloscopes
PXA/MXA/EXA
Signal Analyzers
M9392A PXI Microwave
VSA (250 MHz BW)
PXI MIMO System
(800 MHz BW)
20 or 40
MHz BW
>40 MHz
BW
Single Channel 2x2 MIMO 3x3, 4x4 MIMO
PXA Signal Analyzer
(160 MHz BW)
N7109A Multi-Channel
Signal Analysis System
Infiniium
Oscilloscopes
Supports all 802.11ac
channel BWs
Up to 4x4 MIMO
MXA/EXA
(25 MHz BW)
Infiniium
Oscilloscopes
Page 25
M9392A PXI Microwave
VSA (250 MHz BW)
Infiniium
Oscilloscopes
PXI MIMOSystem
(800 MHz BW)
Transmitter Tests
Section 22.3.19 in 802.11ac Standard
Transmit spectrum mask
Spectral flatness
Transmit center frequency tolerance
Packet alignment
Symbol clock frequency tolerance
Modulation accuracy
Transmit center frequency leakage
Transmitter constellation error (EVM)
26
Most tests are similar to 802.11n; next slides will review
some differences and specification changes
Transmit Spectrum Mask
Spectral mask for 20 and 40 MHz are same as for 802.11n, except as shown in table
80 MHz spectral mask is an extension of 40 MHz mask
Measured with 100 kHz resolution bandwidth, 30 kHz video bandwidth
27
dBr = dB relative to maximum spectral density of the signal
Signal BW Offset Frequency 802.11n 802.11ac
20 MHz > 30 MHz Max of -45 dBr or -53 dBm/MHz Max of -40 dBr or -53 dBm/MHz
40 MHz > 60 MHz Max of -45 dBr or -56 dBm/MHz Max of -40 dBr or -56 dBm/MHz
80/160 MHz > 120/240 MHz Not applicable Max of -40 dBr or -59 dBm/MHz
40 MHz
Channel
80 MHz
Channel
Transmit Spectrum Mask for 160 and 80+80 MHz
160 MHz spectral mask is an extension of 40 and 80 MHz masks
For 80+80 MHz, mask is linear sum of the separate 80 MHz masks for values
from -20 dBr to -40 dBr. For values from 0 to -20 dBr, use higher value.
28
Example spectral mask for 80+80 MHz signals,
with center frequencies separated by 160 MHz
160 MHz
Channel
Spectral Flatness
Specified as deviation in power of each tested subcarrier from the average power
over a set of subcarriers with specified range of indices (same method as 802.11n)
Limits relaxed by 2 dB from the max/min values allowed for 802.11n: allows more
in-band filter ripple for better out-of-band rejection for transmitters
2 dB +2,
-4 dB
4 dB +4,
-6 dB
802.11ac 802.11a/n
middle ~70% of subcarriers
160 MHz
20,40,80 MHz
Page 29
October 2011
Transmitter Relative Constellation Error (RCE)
or Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)
Test method same as 802.11n:
Channel estimation (equalizer training) based on preamble only
Pilots used for phase tracking
Minimum 16 data symbols in frame, RMS average over at least 20 frames
30
Modulation Coding Rate 802.11n
RCE (dB)
802.11ac
RCE (dB)
BPSK 1/2 -5 -5
QPSK 1/2 -10 -10
QPSK 3/4 -13 -13
16QAM 1/2 -16 -16
16QAM 3/4 -19 -19
64QAM 2/3 -22 -22
64QAM 3/4 -25 -25
64QAM 5/6 -28 -27
256QAM 3/4 N/A -30
256QAM 5/6 N/A -32
Receiver Tests
Section 22.3.20 in 802.11ac Standard
Minimum input level sensitivity
Adjacent channel rejection
Nonadjacent channel rejection
Receiver maximum input level
Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) sensitivity
Again, most tests are similar to 802.11n; focus on key differences
31
Receiver Minimum Input Level Sensitivity
At input levels listed below, packet error rate shall be less than 10% for a PSDU
length of 4096 octets.
Applies to non-STBC modes, 800 ns guard interval, BCC coding.
Specs same as 802.11n, with additions for 802.11ac MCS and bandwidths.
32
Modulation Coding
Rate
Minimum Sensitivity Level (dBm)
20 MHz 40 MHz 80 MHz 160 or 80+80 MHz
BPSK 1/2 -82 -79 -76 -73
QPSK 1/2 -79 -76 -73 -70
QPSK 3/4 -77 -74 -71 -68
16QAM 1/2 -74 -71 -68 -65
16QAM 3/4 -70 -67 -64 -61
64QAM 2/3 -66 -63 -60 -57
64QAM 3/4 -65 -62 -59 -56
64QAM 5/6 -64 -61 -58 -55
256QAM 3/4 -59 -56 -53 -50
256QAM 5/6 -57 -54 -51 -48
Adjacent & Nonadjacent Channel Rejection
Test procedure:
Desired signal set to 3 dB above minimum sensitivity level.
Apply interfering signal of same BW in adjacent or nonadjacent channel.
Interferer is a conformant OFDM signal that is unsynchronized with desired
signal, with minimum duty cycle of 50%.
Interfering signal power increased until 10% PER occurs for PSDU length of
4096 octets.
Power difference between interfering and desired signal is the rejection.
For 80+80 MHz, test done for channel below lower 80 MHz segment and
channel above higher 80 MHz segment; use smaller rejection value.
33
Adjacent & Nonadjacent Channel Rejection
34
Modulation Coding Rate Adjacent Channel
Rejection (dB)
Nonadjacent Channel
Rejection (dB)
20/40/80/
160 MHz
80+80 MHz 20/40/80
/160 MHz
80+80 MHz
BPSK 1/2 16 13 32 29
QPSK 1/2 13 10 29 26
QPSK 3/4 11 8 27 24
16QAM 1/2 8 5 24 21
16QAM 3/4 4 1 20 17
64QAM 2/3 0 -3 16 13
64QAM 3/4 -1 -4 15 12
64QAM 5/6 -2 -5 14 11
256QAM 3/4 -7 -10 9 6
256QAM 5/6 -9 -12 7 4
Minimum Adjacent and Nonadjacent Channel Rejection Levels
Specs same as 802.11n, with additions for 802.11ac MCS and bandwidths.
Summary
802.11ac new PHY features will include:
Wider channel bandwidths: 40 and 80 MHz mandatory, 160 and 80+80
MHz optional
Higher order modulation: 256QAM
More spatial streams and antennas: up to 8
Multi-user MIMO on downlink: up to 4 users, up to 4 streams per user, 8
streams total
Design challenges to deal with wider BW signals that require better EVM to
support 256QAM
Transmitter and receiver tests mostly the same as 802.11n with additions
for new bandwidths and modulation/coding rates
Agilent tools are available to address challenges from system simulation
and design to test, covering all 802.11ac bandwidths including 160 MHz.
35
SystemVue
W1917 WLAN Library
W1716 DPD Builder
N5182A MXG
Signal Generator
Agilent 802.11ac Test Solutions
89600 VSA
Software
N7617B Signal Studio
E4438C ESG
Signal Generator
N7109A Multi-
Channel Signal
Analysis System
N5106A PXB Baseband
Generator and Channel
Emulator
Infiniium&
Infiniivision
Oscilloscopes
PXA/MXA/EXA
Signal Analyzers
81180A
Wideband AWG
M8190A
Wideband AWG
M9392A PXI
Microwave VSA
Signal Generation Signal Analysis
PXI MIMO System
For More Information
Agilent Resources
802.11ac application and product info: www.agilent.com/find/802.11ac
MIMO application and product info: www.agilent.com/find/mimo
89600 VSA product information: www.agilent.com/find/vsa
Additional Webcasts and events: www.agilent.com/find/events
IEEE 802.11ac Standard
Task group updates: http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/tgac_update.htm
802.11 working group project timelines:
http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/802.11_Timelines.htm
802.11ac working group documents:
https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/documents?is_group=00ac
37
Appendix:
Additional Product Information
38
SystemVue W1917 WLAN Baseband Verification
Library
39
2011.10 version includes signal processing blocks and
802.11ac reference designs for transmitter and receiver
Generate I/Q waveform files for download to instrument, or
analyze signals using 89600 VSA software
Supported features:
- 20, 40, 80, 80+80, and 160 MHz BW
- BCC and LDPC coding, STBC
- 1-8 spatial streams, up to 8 Tx antennas
- All modulation types and MCS including 256QAM
- Cyclic shift insertion
- Single-user and multi-user MIMO
- Spatial mapping: direct mapping, spatial expansion, or
user defined
- WLAN TGac channel model
- Receiver supports timing and frequency sync, channel
estimation and phase tracking, demapping and decoding
Price: SystemVue starts at $17,000 (U.S. list price). W1917 is
$15,600.
N5182A MXG and E4438C ESG
RF Vector Signal Generators
E4438C ESG
250 kHz to 6 GHz
64 MSa baseband memory
80 MHz modulation BW with
internal baseband generator
~200 MHz BW using external I/Q
inputs
N5182A MXG
100 kHz to 6 GHz
64 MSa baseband memory
100 MHz modulation BW with
internal baseband generator
~200 MHz BW using external I/Q
inputs
Opt. 012 provides LO in/out for
phase coherency for MIMO
40
81180A 12-bit Arbitrary Waveform Generator
41
Variable sample rate from 10 MSa/s to 4.2 GSa/s
1 or 2 channels, coupled and phase coherent or uncoupled
1 GHz modulation bandwidth per channel (2 GHz IQ
modulation)
1.5 GHz carrier frequency
Up to 64 MSa memory
Advanced sequencing capabilities
2 markers with adjustable width and levels
M8190A 12 GSa/s Arbitrary Waveform Generator
42
Precision AWG with two DAC settings
- 14-bit resolution up to 8 GSa/s
- 12-bit resolution up to 12 GSa/s
Variable sample rate from 125 MSa/s to 8 / 12 GSa/s
Spurious-free-dynamic range (SFDR) up to 80 dBc typical
Harmonic distortion (HD) up to-72 dBc typical
Up to 2 GSa arbitrary waveform memory per channel with
advanced sequencing
Analog bandwidth 5 GHz (direct DAC out)
AXIe modular form factor
M9330A and N8241A Arbitrary Waveform
Generators
M9330A: PXI, 15-bits, 1.25 GSa/s
N8241A: LXI module, 15-bits, 1.25 GSa/s or 625
MSa/s
Up to 500 MHz BW per channel for 1.25 Gsa/s, 250
MHz per channel for 625 Msa/s
< -65 dBc spurious-free dynamic range
8 or 16 Msamples waveform memory per channel
Supports sequencing
M9330A
N8241A
Note: These products are not recommended for
802.11ac due to lack of an adjustment for IQ skew,
resulting in poor EVM in the RF signal.
Agilent Wideband Arbitrary Waveform Generators
M8190A 81180A N8241A / M9330A
Max Sample Rate 8 GSa/s and 12 GSa/s
(variable)
4.2 GS/s (variable) 1.25 GS/s (fixed)
Resolution 14-bit 8 GSa/s, 12-bit 12 GSa/s 12 bit 4 Markers 15 bit 4 Markers
Sample Memory 128 MSa, 2 GSsa 16 / 64 MSa 8 / 16 MSa
Max. Bandwidth per
channel
5 GHz 1 GHz (1.5 GHz RF) 500 MHz
Spurious-free
Dynamic Range
<-80 dBc , (fout = 100 MHz,
measured DC to 1 GHz)
-68 dBc (fout = 10-3000 MHz)
< -50 dBc
(up to 500 MHz, with optional
reconstruction filter)
< -75 dBc (1 kHz - 500 MHz)
Harmonic Distortion <- 72 dBc (fout = 100 MHz, fs
= 7.2 GHz, 700 mVpp direct
DAC output)
< -58 dBc (SClk 4.2 GHz, 32 pt
sine waveform)
< -65 dBc (DC - 500 MHz)
Phase Noise / Floor - 90 dBc/Hz -90 dBc/Hz @10 kHz -115 dBc/Hz @10 kHz
Output
amplitude/Offset
DAC: 700 mVpp
DC: 1 Vpp, in 1 V to + 3 V
window
AC: + 10 dBm
500 mVpp; +/- 1.5 V Offset,
DC amp: 2 Vpp
500 mVpp; +/- 0.2 V Offset
Sequencing 256K segments, 4M loops
granularity: 48/64,
2 loop levels
16K Segments, 1M loops
16K Sequences,
1K Scenario Table
512K Segments, 1M loops
32K Sequences, Infinite
16K Scenarios Table
Form factor Modular, AXIe Stand-alone instrument Modular, PXI, LXI
Price range $76K (1ch, 128M, no SEQ,
AMP)
$148K (2ch fully loaded)
$46K (1ch, 16 MS memory)
$81K (2ch, 64 MS memory)
$40K (2 ch, 8M)
$68K (2 ch, 16M, Seq, DDS)
Agilent MIMO Transmitter Test Solutions
Key Specs Conditions N7109A Infiniium90000X Infiniium90000 MXA/EXA
Max Channels
4 Rx Channels
(phase coherent)
4 Rx Channels
(phase coherent)
4 Rx Channels
(phase coherent)
2 Rx channels
(with 2 MXA/EXA)
Frequency Range 20 MHz to 6 GHz DC to 16 GHz,32 GHz DC to 6 GHz,13 GHz
20 Hz to
3.6,8.4/7,13.6, 26.5 GHz
Typical EVM
(2GHz, 20 MHz BW)
802.11n, 2x2
802.16e, 2x2
LTE, 2x2
LTE, 4x4
-44 dB
-42 dB
-44 dB (0.6%)
-41 dB (0.9%)
-
-
-
-43 dB (0.7%)
-44 dB
-39 dB
-46 dB (0.5%)
-41 dB (0.9%)
-47 dB
-45 dB
-50 dB (0.3%)
N/A
Measurement Speed Sec/update 0.2 1.8 3 - 490 3 - 490 0.2 1.3
3
rd
Order Intercept 6 GHz +6 dBm TBD TBD +18/+17 dBm
Displayed Average
Noise Level
2 GHz -158 dBm/Hz TBD TBD
-151/-148 dBm
-166/-161 dBm (w/ preamp)
Phase Noise
1 GHz Carrier
Typical Offsets
10 kHz
100 kHz
1 MHz
-100 dBc/Hz
-99 dBc/Hz
-115 dBc/Hz
TBD TBD
-106/-102 dBc/Hz
-117/-114 dBc/Hz
-136/-135 dBc/Hz
Amplitude Accuracy
1 GHz
6 GHz
1 dB typical
2 dB typical
TBD TBD
0.23/0.27 dB
0.5 dB calculated
Analysis Bandwidth 40 MHz 16-32 GHz 6-13 GHz 25 MHz, 40 MHz Opt.
Preselected Tuner Yes No No No
Max Time Capture Msamples
64 Msa/ch (1 or 2-ch)
32 Msa/ch (4-ch)
2 GSa 1 GSa -
Pricing (Hardware)
2-ch
4-ch
$77K
$96K
$131K+ $67K+
$104K/$73K (2-ch only)
(8.4GHz,40MHz BW)
4-channel MIMO Rx
With M9202A, M9302A
and M9362A-D01
46
M9362A-D01
Downconvert
er
100 MHz Out1
100 MHz Out2
Video Trigger This
Channel
9 Slots for 4 Channels
16 Slots for 8 Channels
Notes:
With M9302A LO, minimum RF frequency
will be 2.25 GHz.
M9362A-D01 has maximum input level of
~ -5 dBmand 0 dB gain.
Input level to M9202A should be 2 dBm.
No gain control in M9362A-D01 or
M9202A

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