CW4

DRAFT SPECIFICATION FOR

POLYETHYLENE CLADDING ON STEEL PIPE
DECEMBER 1982
J009 ( Rev 03/99 )
CW4
J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - i -
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD iii
BRIEF HISTORY iv
1. SCOPE 1
2. REFERENCES 1
3. DEFINITIONS 2
4. MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS 2
4.1 Steel pipe 2
4.2 Mastic adhesive 2
4.3 Polyethylene 3
5. SURFACE PREPARATION OF STEEL PIPE 3
6. APPLICATION 3
6.1 General 3
6.2 Storage and application of the mastic 4
6.3 Polyethylene cladding 4
7. REQUIREMENTS OF CLADDING SYSTEM (polyethylene and mastic) 4
7.1 Colour and uniformity 4
7.2 Weathering 4
7.3 Dimensions 4
8. PERFORMANCE TESTING OF CLADDING SYSTEM (TYPE TESTS) 5
8.1 General 5
8.2 Physical/mechanical tests 5
8.3 Chemical/general tests 6
9. QUALITY CONTROL TESTS 6
9.1 Test frequency 6
9.2 Mastic adhesive 6
9.3 Polyethylene compound 6
9.4 Clad pipe 6
10. QUALITY SYSTEMS 7
11. COATING REPAIR 7
12. MARKING 8
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Page
12.1 General 8
12.2 Seamless tube complying with L1 8
12.3 Seamless tube complying with LX4 8
12.4 Welded tube complying with L2 (2 in OD and above) 8
12.5 Welded tube complying with L2 (less than 2 in OD) 9
12.6 Threaded end pipe complying with BS 1387 9
13. CORROSION PROTECTION OF PIPE ENDS 9
14. TRANSPORT AND STORAGE 9
15. TEST CONDITIONS 9
TABLES
1 Mastic properties 2
2 Polyethylene properties 3
3 Polyethylene cladding thickness 4
FIGURES
Peel creep test - pipe nominal sizes greater than 80 mm 11
APPENDICES
A TESTS FOR POLYETHYLENE CLADDING 10
B TESTS FOR MASTIC ADHESIVE 13
CW4
J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - iii -
FOREWORD
This DRAFT specification has been adopted by Transco and is an editorial revision of the former British
Gas TransCo specification PS/CW4. It reflects the identity and organizational structure of Transco - a part
of BG plc.
This DRAFT Transco specification has been approved for use throughout Transco.
Comments and queries regarding the technical content of this Transco specification should be directed to:
Lead Engineer
Transco
Norgas House
PO Box 1GB
Killingworth
Newcastle upon Tyne
NE99 1GB
Further copies of this Transco specification can be obtained from Dataform Print Management using the
print requisition form G004 quoting the Form Number of this Transco engineering document (not the
designation) and your cost code.
Transco engineering documents are revised, when necessary, by the issue of new editions. Users should
ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition by referring to the Transco Register of Engineering
Documents available on the Transco Information Library.
Compliance with this engineering document does not confer immunity from prosecution for breach of
statutory or other legal obligations.
Contractors and other users external to Transco should direct their requests for further copies of Transco
engineering documents to the department or group responsible for the initial issue of their contract
documentation.
DISCLAIMER
This engineering document is provided for use by Transco and such of its contractors as are obliged by the terms
of their contracts to comply with this engineering document. Where this engineering document is used by any
other party, it is the responsibility of that party to ensure that the engineering document is correctly applied.
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BRIEF HISTORY
Produced and held at draft December 1982
BG plc 1982
This Transco specification is copyright and must not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means
without the approval in writing of BG plc.
CW4
J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - 1 -
SPECIFICATION FOR
POLYETHYLENE CLADDING ON STEEL PIPE
1. SCOPE
This draft Transco specification applies to steel pipes (for the transmission and distribution of gas) up to and
including 450 mm nominal size, coated with the specified adhesive undercoat and clad with polyethylene
applied by a cross head die extrusion process. The requirements for material components, surface
preparation and application of the cladding system are included together with the requirements for
dimensions and the physical and chemical performance requirements of that system.
2. REFERENCES
This Transco specification makes reference to the documents listed below. Unless otherwise specified the
latest editions of the documents, including all addenda and revisions, shall apply.
British Standards
BS 1387 - Steel tubes and tubulars suitable for screwing to
BS 21 pipe threads
BS 2782 - Methods of testing plastics:
Part 3 - Mechanical properties
BS 3412 - Polyethylene materials for moulding and extrusion
BS 4800 - Specification for paint colours for building purposes
BS 5750 - Quality systems
International Organisation for Standardisation documents
ISO/DIS 3479 - Classification of polyethylene pipes according to density
American Society for Testing and Materials standard
ASTM D149 - Tests for dielectric breakdown voltage and dielectric strength of
insulating materials at commercial power frequencies
ASTM D570 - Test for water absorption of plastics
ASTM D1525 - Test for Vicat softening point of plastics
Transco Engineering Standards
CW1 - Specification for external wrap operations for steel line pipe (using
coal tar)
L1 - Technical specification for seamless line pipe 44mm to 100 mm
inclusive nominal size for operating pressures greater than 7 bar.
L2 - Technical specification for steel pipe 15 mm to 450 mm inclusive
nominal size for service at pressures up to 7 bar (supplementary and
amending specification to BS 3601: 1974)
CW4
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LX4 - Technical specification for seamless line pipe150 mm to 450 mm
nominal pipe size (supplementary and amending specification to API
specification 5LX)
PL2 - Technical specification for polyethylene pipes and fittings for natural
gas and suitable manufactured gas:
Part 1 - Pipes for use at pressures up to 5.5 bar.
3. DEFINITIONS
For the purposes of this Transco specification engineering standard the following definitions apply:
Transco: Transco - a part of BG plc.
Transco representative: the representative appointed from time to time by Transco and notified to the
Contractor to act as the Transco representative for the purposes of the contract.
Contractor: the person, firm or company with whom Transco enters into a contract to which this Transco
specification applies, including the Contractor's personal representatives, successors and permitted assigns.
4. MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Steel pipe
The steel pipe to be coated shall have met all the requirements of the appropriate specification for gas
piping.
4.2 Mastic adhesive
Mastic adhesive should be supplied in secure containers clearly marked with manufacturer's name, reference
to this specification, (CW4), and batch number.
The adhesive shall be a soft hot melt type capable of remaining tacky when covered by cladding. It shall
adhere to the surface of the steel pipe and polyethylene without any deleterious effects on either.
Reference shall also be made to 7.3.3 and clause 13 to ensure that the practical tests when carried out do not
leave the pipe ends vulnerable to corrosion.
The adhesive shall not contain volatile solvents, shall be water resistant and shall meet the requirements set
out in Table 1. It shall be uniformly distributed between the polyethylene cladding and pipe and have a
specified minimum thickness at any point, see 7.3.1.
TABLE 1 - Mastic properties
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J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - 3 -
4.3 Polyethylene
The polyethylene compound shall be from a source of supply acceptable to Transco and shall meet the
requirements set out in Table 2. The compound from which the cladding is produced shall comply with
BS 3412.
The base polymer shall conform to the density (R) classification of Type 2 (MDPE) or Type 3 (HDPE) of
ISO/DIS 3479. The reference density (R) relates to unpigmented polymer and shall be determined on
specimens prepared and tested according to BS 3412.
The polyethylene compound shall contain those additives and stabilisers needed to ensure adequate
performance with regard to the specification and as listed in Table 2. The Contractor shall provide evidence
of the presence of stabilisers whose content shall be sufficient for the polyethylene compound to meet the
requirements of this specification in respect of 7.2.
Pigment and stabilisers shall be evenly dispersed throughout the polyethylene cladding. Pigment dispersion
shall be demonstrated using the method given in Appendix B of PL2: Part 1. Demonstration of adequate
pigment dispersion in the compound will be accepted provided no further polymer or additives are
introduced.
TABLE 2 - Polyethylene properties
5. SURFACE PREPARATION OF STEEL PIPE
The external surface of the steel pipe to be coated shall be free from millscale, grease, oil, dirt and rust
(other than slight rust blooming).
Acceptable methods of pipe cleaning are as follows:
a) acid pickling,
b) blast cleaning,
both to a standard agreed with Transco. Where pipe has previously been cleaned as above, power wire
brushing may be allowed to restore pipe which has subsequently corroded.
6. APPLICATION
6.1 General
The pipe shall be dry and at a temperature sufficient to prevent chilling of the mastic prior to the application
of the polyethylene cladding.
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6.2 Storage and application of the mastic
The temperature/time of storage of the mastic shall be such that the mastic sampled from the point of
application shall meet the requirements of impact resistance and flow in Table 1.
The application shall be such as to meet the requirements of 7.3.1 and 8.2.4.
6.3 Polyethylene cladding
Immediately after the application of the mastic, the pipe shall be passed through a cross head extrusion die
and clad with a hot, continuous, seamless sheath of polyethylene as described in 4.3.
The cladding shall be firmly shrunk on to the steel pipe by an even and continuous application of cold
water.
7. REQUIREMENTS OF CLADDING SYSTEM (polyethylene and mastic)
7.1 Colour and uniformity
The cladding shall be homogeneous throughout, the surface shall be smooth, clean and free from bubbles,
wrinkles, cracks, grooving and any similar defects likely to cause long term failure. It shall be uniform in
colour and shall be in a shade between 10E 53 and 08E 51 of BS 4800.
7.2 Weathering
After weathering during outside storage for a period of one year, the cladding shall conform to all the
requirements of this specification. Some degree of colour fading will be accepted.
7.3 Dimensions
7.3.1 Thickness of mastic undercoat
The mastic undercoat shall have a minimum thickness of 0.15 mm, shall fill all surface imperfections in the
pipe and shall be uniformly distributed between pipe and cladding, see 9.4.5.
7.3.2 Polyethylene cladding thickness
The cladding thickness shall be in accordance with Table 3 and shall be checked at a frequency agreed with
Transco to ensure that tolerance dimensions are being maintained. Thickness tolerance shall be minus
12.5% of values specified in Table 3.
TABLE 3 - Polyethylene cladding thickness
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J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - 5 -
7.3.3 Cladding free zones
7.3.3.1 General
On all pipe other than gas service pipe to BS 1387 the polyethylene cladding shall be cut back from each
end after the coating operation in order to demonstrate that the mastic is firmly adhering to the pipe and
polyethylene, (See 4.2).
In the case of pipe to BS 1387, periodic checks shall be carried out at a frequency agreed with Transco.
7.3.3.2 Transmission pipe for welding
The minimum length of cut back at each end of the pipe shall be 150 mm but, to take into account the
possibility of subsequent movement of the cladding, the summation of cut back at both ends of a pipe shall
not exceed 400 mm.
7.3.3.3 Service pipe with threaded ends
Unless specifically requested otherwise by Transco, the threaded ends shall comply with the requirements of
clause 13.
8. PERFORMANCE TESTING OF CLADDING SYSTEM (TYPE TESTS)
8.1 General
8.1.1 Approvals procedure
Before the introduction of a new polyethylene compound, a new mastic or a changed process technique, the
Contractor shall seek approval from Transco. A written test programme will be agreed which may include
any or all of the tests in this specification to be carried out, and a requirement as to which, if any, of these
tests is to be witnessed by Transco. Following completion of these tests, the Contractor shall compile a data
folder which will Include all test results and other relevant information and, if applicable, the signature of
the Transco representative who witnessed the tests.
Three copies of the data shall be submitted to Transco. The proposed change shall not be implemented until
written approval is given by Transco.
8.1.2 Maintenance of approval
Every year, unless otherwise agreed with Transco, the Contractor shall carry out all tests specified in this
clause on at least two sizes including the extremes of the range but with a minimum of 20 mm nominal size.
8.2 Physical/mechanical tests
8.2.1 Penetration test
When tested in accordance with Appendix A.1, the penetration shall not exceed more than 50% of the
cladding thickness.
8.2.2 Test voltage
When tested in accordance with ASTM D149 the measured test voltage shall be a minimum of 20 kV.
8.2.3 Thermal stability
When the coating is tested in accordance with Appendix A.2, the yield shall not be reduced by more than
10% and the elongation shall be in excess of 350%. The frequency of testing shall be four times per annum.
8.2.4 Peel creep test
When tested at 15
0
C in accordance with Appendix A.3, the cladding shall not pull away over the marked
region in less than 12 s.
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8.3 Chemical/general tests
8.3.1 Cathodic disbonding test
When tested in accordance with Appendix E of CW1, disbonding shall not exceed 10 mm radius from the
damaged area after 56 days. This test shall normally be carried out annually.
8.3.2 Natural weathering tests
After weathering and other ageing tests during outside storage in accordance with Appendix A.4, for a
period of one year, the cladding system shall conform to all the requirements of this specification (an agreed
colour change shall be allowed). Production may continue during the weathering test only with the prior
agreement of Transco.
8.3.3 Holiday test
With the scanning electrode of a high voltage holiday detector operating at 10 000 V and in continuous
contact around the outside diameter of the clad pipe, there shall be no electrical discharge through the
cladding during the traverse of the detector.
For cladding thicknesses of less than 1 mm, the voltage shall be reduced proportionately.
The cladding of a pipe will be rejected if any defect is identified by a holiday detection test or if a visual
blemish larger than 2 mm exists.
However, a clad pipe will be accepted with one visible blemish provided it does not exceed 2 mm in size
and does not react to a holiday detection test.
9. QUALITY CONTROL TESTS
9.1 Test frequency
All tests will be carried out at a frequency agreed with Transco.
9.2 Mastic adhesive
The Contractor shall ensure that the adhesive compound satisfies the requirements of 4.2 as per suppliers
certificate and shall carry out the following tests on samples of the mastic adhesive taken at the flood box.
a) Flow test - Appendix B.1
b) Impact resistance - Appendix B.2
9.3 Polyethylene compound
The Contractor shall ensure and demonstrate to Transco that the polyethylene compound satisfies the
requirements of 4.3. Test certificates for every batch of polymer shall be available for inspection.
9.4 Clad pipe
9.4.1 Heat reversion test
After ageing the clad pipe for 3 days, samples of the polyethylene cladding shall be tested in accordance
with Appendix A.5 and the cladding shall not change dimensionally by more than 2%.
9.4.2 Peel creep test
When tested at 15
0
C in accordance with Appendix A.3, the cladding shall not pull away over the marked
region in less than 12 s.
9.4.3 Yield test
When tested in accordance with Appendix A.6, the yield strength of the polyethylene cladding shall be not
less than 15 N/mm
2
with a minimum elongation at break of 350%.
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J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - 7 -
9.4.4 Holiday test
With the scanning electrode of a high voltage holiday detector operating at 10 000 V and in continuous
contact around the outside diameter of the clad pipe, there shall be no electrical discharge through the
cladding during the traverse of the detector.
For cladding thicknesses of less than 1 mm, the voltage shall be reduced proportionately.
The cladding of a pipe will be rejected if any defect is identified by a holiday detection test or if a visual
blemish larger than 2 mm exists.
However, a clad pipe will be accepted with one visible blemish provided it does not exceed 2 mm in size
and does not react to a holiday detection test.
9.4.5 Mastic distribution and thickness
The system of application of the mastic adhesive shall be approved by Transco.
The Contractor shall ensure that the mastic undercoat is uniformly distributed beneath the polyethylene
cladding at the minimum specified thickness, (see 7.3.1).
Checks for mastic distribution shall be carried out to ensure continuity of application.
Any evidence of discontinuities in the mastic coating shall be cause for further investigation, including
previous production, to satisfy Transco as to the extent of defective coating.
Depending on the particular circumstances, repair work shall be agreed between Transco and the
Contractor.
10. QUALITY SYSTEMS
10.1 The Contractor shall set up and maintain such quality assurance and inspection systems as are
necessary to ensure that the goods or services supplied comply in all respects with the requirements of this
specification.
10.2 Transco will assess such systems against the recommendations of the applicable parts of BS 5750
and Transco shall have the right to undertake such surveys as are necessary to ensure that the quality
assurance and inspection systems are satisfactory.
10.3 Transco shall have the right to undertake inspection or testing of the goods or services during any
stage of manufacture at which the quality of the finished goods may be affected and to undertake inspection
or testing of raw materials or purchased components.
11. COATING REPAIR
Substandard cladding shall be repaired by either:
a) Removal of cladding followed by complete recoating,
or
b) at the discretion of the Transco representative in consultation with the Contractor (and if
necessary Transco) a further complete coating (including mastic undercoat) of the affected
clad pipe.
Only one additional layer of cladding is acceptable. All repaired coatings shall meet the requirements of this
specification.
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12. MARKING
12.1 General
All clad pipe shall be identified as specified in 12.2 to 12.6. Indelible, coloured marking shall be used. The
height of the characters shall be at least:
a) 3 mm for up to 90 mm nominal size pipes.
b) 5 mm for 125 mm nominal size pipes and above.
The method of identification shall not prevent the cladding from meeting the requirements of this
specifications. The marking shall remain legible under normal handling, storage and installation procedures.
12.2 Seamless tube complying with L1
At least the following marks and data shall be applied in the manner described;
a) Longitudinal hot foil marking on the PE cladding at 1 m intervals to include the following:
BSC - GAS - L1 - (month and year) - (outside diameter mm)
b) Paint stencilled at one end of the pipe on the plastics cladding the following:
1) (outside diameter in mm)
2) (pipe thickness in mm)
3) HFS.API 5L - GRADE B
4) (Pipe serial number)
5) (Pipe length in metres)
6) (Customer ref/order number)
12.3 Seamless tube complying with LX4
At least the following marks and data shall be applied in the manner described;
a) Longitudinal applied paint stencil led groups at intervals not exceeding 2 m including the
following:
BSC - GAS (month and year)
b) Paint stencilled on the polyethylene cladding at one end:
1) (outside diameter mm)
2) (pipe thickness in mm)
3) (Grade, e.g. X60) - S
4) (month and year)
5) (Customer ref/order number)
c) Hand painted in bore at other end of pipe:
1) (Pipe serial number)
2) (Pipe length in metres)
12.4 Welded tube complying with L2 (2 in OD and above)
At least the following marks and data shall be applied in the manner described:
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J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - 9 -
a) Longitudinal groups on the polyethylene cladding at not more than 2 m intervals, applied
preferably by hot foil marking or alternatively by paint stencil (subject to prior agreement
with Transco) as follows;
BSC - GAS - L2 - (month and year) - (outside diameter in mm)
b) Paint stencilled on the polyethylene cladding at one end of the pipe as follows;
1) (outside diameter mm)
2) (pipe thickness in mm)
3) BS 3601-410-EW
4) (Customer ref/order number)
c) Paint stencilled on the external surface or hand painted in the bore at the other end of the
pipe shall be:
1) (cast number) (Pipe serial number)
2) (Pipe length in metres).
12.5 Welded tube complying with L2 (less than 2 in OD)
The relevant data as identified in 12.4 shall be supplied, but may be contained on a durable label indelibly
marked and securely fastened to the pipe.
12.6 Threaded end pipe complying with BS 1387
Each bundle of pipe shall have a durable label attached which records the following:
a) Order number
b) Customer's address.
13. CORROSION PROTECTION OF PIPE ENDS
At all times and in particular as a result of the actions required by 4.2 and 7.3.3 any exposed metal such as
weld bevel or external threads shall be protected from corrosion. Unless otherwise specified by Transco ,
methods and materials used shall be of a type that can be readily removed by Transco personnel without
causing damage to the protected zones.
The requirement for a cladding free zone depends on the pipe end configuration but is not applicable to pipe
conforming to BS 1387. For such pipe the following requirements shall apply:
a) Screwed ends - adhesive tape directly applied to the threads with mastic and PE cladding
extruded over the tape.
b) Socket ends - mastic and polyethylene cladding cut back to permit the fitting of a socket
which can be left as natural finish.
c) Plain ends - adhesive tape directly applied to the ends with mastic and polyethylene cladding
extruded over the tape.
14. TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
The pipe shall be suitably supported and protected during transport and storage by the Contractor to ensure
the retention of quality of performance as laid down in this specification, and for ease of off-loading at site.
15. TEST CONDITIONS
Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be conducted in a normal laboratory environment at 20 2
0
C.
During type testing and in any case of disagreement between the Contractor and Transco, the specimens
shall be conditioned prior to test at 23 2
0
C for not less than 16 h, unless otherwise stated.
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APPENDIX A
TESTS FOR POLYETHYLENE CLADDING
A.1 PENETRATION TESTS
A.1.1 Penetration equipment shall be designed to simulate earth loading effects.
The equipment should consist essentially of a brass rod of known diameter, which bears on the coating
specimen. The rod should be weighted so as to exert a definite calculable pressure on the specimen.
The upper end of the weighted rod should pass through a brass collar screwed securely into a narrow upper
steel channel. The collar should have a hole sufficiently large to allow the rod to move freely and transmit
the full force to the surface of the specimen. It should be provided with a machined shoulder into which
seats the gauge (e.g. Mercer dial gauge) for reading penetration.
A.1.2 Specimens of the coating system should be applied to a brass plate, secured to a steel base channel
and the weighted brass rod rested on the specimen.
A.1.3 Provision should be made to immerse specimens in water at thermostatically controlled
temperatures.
A.1.4 Tests shall be carried out at 5
0
C and 50
0
C.
A.1.5 A load of 10.5 kg should be applied to the specimen through a flat headed circular indentor of
diameter 2.5 mm so as to yield a compressive stress of 21 N/mm
2
.
A.1.6 After fixing the test plates into the apparatus and loading with the required weight, after 5 min an
initial reading shall be taken from the penetration gauge.
A.1.7 Further readings from the penetration gauge shall be taken at suitable intervals.
The difference between readings in A.1.7 and the initial reading shall give the penetration at the time of
measurement.
A.1.8 The coating specimen thickness remaining beneath the rod at any given time shall be the
difference between the penetration at that time and the initial thickness of the specimen as measured with a
micrometer prior to the start of the test.
A.1.9 The coating specimen thickness shall be plotted against time to show rate of penetration.
Maximum penetration is reached when this curve becomes asymptotic with the axis.
A.1.10 Using the plotted results it must be demonstrated that the coating specimen will not be penetrated
more than 50% under a compressive stress of 21 N/mm
2
:
a) After 400 000 h at 5
0
C.
b) After 200 000 h at 50
0
C.
A.2 THERMAL STABILITY TESTS
A.2.1 Two sets of samples shall be taken comprising of four specimens selected from points on the pipe
circumference 90
0
apart.
In the case of the smaller sizes of pipe, the longitudinal position of the samples may be staggered in order to
meet the circumferential positions.
A.2.2 The first set of specimens shall be tested in accordance with A.6.
A.2.3 The second set of specimens shall be placed for 7 days in an air oven set at 80
0
C.
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J009 ( Rev 03/99 ) - 11 -
A.2.4 After removal from the oven and at 20 2
0
C for 24 h the specimens shall be tested in accordance
with A.6.
A.3 PEEL CREEP TEST
A.3.1 The specimen shall consist of a sample pipe with two circumferential cuts made in the cladding,
25 mm apart and at least 100 mm long.
A.3.2 A further longitudinal cut shall be made across the strip at one end and two lines marked at 25
mm and 50 mm away from and parallel to the longitudinal cut.
A.3.3 Prise up the edge of this 25 mm strip of cladding for 12 mm. For pipe size up to 80 mm a
tangential pull of 22.2 N shall be applied to the cladding strip. Rotate the pipe to ensure that the force
remains tangential. to the pipe.
For pipe sizes above 80 mm, fix the pipe in the position shown in Figure.
FIGURE - Peel creep test - pipe nominal sizes greater than 80 mm
A.3.4 The time taken for the cladding to pull completely away from the area bounded by the 25 mm and
50 mm marks shall not be less than 12 s.
A.4 EXPOSURE TEST
A.4.1 Specimens of clad pipe shall be exposed in a horizontal position to natural weathering conditions
from a southerly aspect for a period of 12 months.
A.4.2 After exposure as in A.4.1 , inspection of cladding shall reveal no reduction in the performance
properties when tested against this specification. Slight fading or whitening of the surface layers of
polyethylene shall be accepted assuming that cracking or crazing is not evident and other performance
properties are not impaired in any way.
A.4.3 It is recommended that specimen lengths from the extremes of the range (but with a minimum
size of 20 mm) should be selected for exposure test on a 12 monthly basis.
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A.5 HEAT REVERSION TEST
A.5.1 The specimen shall be a length of at least 0.6 m upon which marks shall be made around the pipe
250 mm apart. The marks shall not be less than 175 mm from each end of the pipe.
A.5.2 The specimen shall be immersed in water at a minimum temperature of 60
0
C for a minimum of
45 min.
A.5.3 After removal from the bath and cooling to ambient temperature the distance between the marks
shall be measured and the percentage change in length calculated.
A.6 YIELD AND ELONGATION TEST
A.6.1 Four specimens shall be taken from points on the pipe circumference 90
0
apart. The specimens
shall be cut longitudinally from cladding which has been stripped from the pipe and cleaned. The specimens
shall be to the profile shown in Figure 1 of BS 2782: Part 3, Methods 320A to 320F being smooth and free
from notches.
A.6.2 Reference lines shall be marked perpendicular to the axis of the test pieces 25 mm apart and
symmetrically placed. The elongation at break and yield shall be measured at a rate of traverse of
100 25 mm per min, or 50 10 mm per min.
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APPENDIX B
TESTS FOR MASTIC ADHESIVE
B.1 FLOW TEST
B.1.1 Two samples shall be prepared by casting adhesive into split brass moulds to produce specimens
10 mm diameter by 20 mm high. These specimens shall be allowed to cool at room temperature for 1 h prior
to being removed from the moulds.
B.1.2 Each specimen shall be placed in a trough of corrugated brass plate with the bottom of the
specimen placed on a line enscribed across the plate. The corrugations shall run lengthwise and shall be
5 mm deep and 10 mm pitch. The plate shall be supported with the axes of the corrugations set at 45
0
to the
horizontal.
B.1.3 One assembly shall be placed in an oven at 70 2
0
C for 1 h and the other assembly shall be kept
at a temperature of 23 2
0
C for 1 h.
B.1.4 The distance of flow after 1 h shall not exceed the values given in Table 1.
B.2 IMPACT RESISTANCE
The impact tester shall consist of a heavy, rigid, metal anvil set under a 1 kg steel plunger arranged to slide
freely in a vertical sleeve. The lower end of the plunger shall be spherical in shape with a radius of 13 mm.
A metal hammer of mass 2 kg shall be arranged so that it falls freely 140 mm between guides onto the top
of the plunger.
Four specimens from each sample of mastic shall be prepared and tested. Sufficient sample shall be taken to
allow for repeat testing if necessary.
The mastic shall be melted at the lowest possible temperature and poured into split amalgamated brass
moulds to produce disc shaped samples 45 mm diameter by 10 mm thick and the surface smoothed using a
hot knife if necessary. The specimens shall be cooled at room temperature for one hour and then put into a
refrigerator at -18 1
0
C and maintained at this temperature for at least 1 h. The specimens shall be struck
by the plunger either in the refrigerator or within eight seconds after removal from it. The specimens shall
then be examined for cracking, this may be determined by visual observations or by subjecting them to
slight bending. If more than one of the four specimens fail, four more moulds shall be poured from the
mastic sample and a further test series completed. On failure of more than one of the second series, the
sample shall be deemed to have failed.
B.3 THERMAL STABILITY
A set of containers 55 mm diameter by 35 mm high shall be filled with adhesive and placed in an oven at
160 1
0
C for a period of 168 h. The containers shall then be removed from the oven and allowed to cool at
room temperature for at least 1 h before testing as described In Appendix B.1 and B.2.