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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st
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Re: 1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by step explanation? 2. How do you
remove meta only for the root slice? remaining slices should run under meta? 3. what you would do if you want
to replace a slice using metareplace option? 4. what is the significance of 51% state database replicas in SVM?
5. what are the common errors you find in Solaris Volume manager? 6. You have a boot disk under svm, the
machine fails to boot and remains in ok prompt? what could be the possible reason? 7. metastat -p shows a
metavolume needs replacement. Metavolume is a single way mirror only. Actually you find disk and metavolumes
are ok and I/O is happening to the filesystems how will you remove the metareplace message that comes out
of metastat. 8. How to create a shared disk group in VxVM? 9. What is the difference between private and
public regions in Veritas Volume manager? 10. what would you do if the private region of a particular disk group
is full? What are the design considerations for the size of private region in Vxvm disk group? 11. How to replace
a corrupt private region? in vxvm 3.5 and greater versions 12. How would you convert a volume from gen to
fsgen? why should you do that? 13. How can you unencapsulate a boot disk in VxVM? 14. How to identify
multiple paths for a disk. 15. What is the difference between Vxdmp and EMC powerpath? 16. vxdisk -o alldgs
list o/p shows some disk groups in braces What does that signify? 17. what are the various layouts that are
available in VxVM? 18.What is a layered volume? how to create it using vxmake? 19.How to quickly mirror a
volume, if the volume is empty? 20. How to grow a volume? 21. What is the difference between failing and failed
disks? 22. How to replace a failed disk in Veritas? 23. Plex is in a disabled state. How will you recover? what
are the steps to follow? 24.what is the difference between detached and disassociate state of plexes? 25. Whats
the boot process of VxVM? 26. Whats the difference between SVM and VxVM? What would you recommend
to your clients? why? 27.What are the various clusters you have worked on? 28. Which cluster is better VCS or
Sun cluster? 29. Compare and contrast VCS and Sun Cluster. 30.how will you start VCS service? What are the
configuration files in VCS? 31. How would switch a service group? 32. How would you freeze a service group?
33. What is a Split brain scenario ?
Answer 1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under Meta in
#1
Solaris? Step by step explanation?

Kollu Swamy Naidu

Ans: 1) Checks the disks available: #metastat p

2) Detach the one with errors: #metadetach d1 d2
If you get error here : #metadetach -f d1 d2
3) Now check the status again: # metastat -p
.........................................................
2. How do you remove Meta only for the root slice?
Remaining slices should run under Meta?
Ans: ????????????
.........................................................

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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

3. What you would do if you want to replace a slice using

metareplace option?
Ans: We use metareplace usually when we have have faulty
submirrors and once replaced it resyncs with the failed
components.
1) Find the meta state databases on the slice
#metadb -i
2) If any meta state databases exist remove them
#metadb d c0t0d0sX where x is slice number
3) Once the meta state databases are removed we can use
cfgadm to unconfigure the device
#cfgadm -c unconfigure diskname
Once unconfigured replace the disk and configure it as
below
4)#cfgadm c configure diskname
5) Now copy the Volume Table Of Contents (VTOC) to the new
disk
#prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/devicename | fmthard -s /dev/rdsk/devicename
6) Once the VTOC is in place now use metareplace command to
replace the faulty meta devices
#metareplace -e d11 devicename ( Where d11 is the
meta device )
...........................................................
4. What is the significance of 51% state database replicas
in SVM?
Ans: A state database is the collections of multiple,
replicated database copies and each copy is considered as a
state database replica.
If the solaris box loses a state database replica, SVM
should figure out which state database replicas still
contain valid data and boot using the valid ones and this
is achieved by using majority consensus algorithm and
according to this algorithm we need half+1 number of state
database replicas before it finds for a valid data.
And for the above reason we need to recreate at least three
state database replicas when we setup a disk configuration.
If all the three database replicas are corrupted meaning we
lose all data stored on svm volumes.
Hence its good to create as many replicas on separate
drives across controllers.
..........................................................
5. What are the common errors you find in Solaris Volume
manager?
Ans: 1) Disks failures (Boot device failures) 2)
Insufficient state database replicas issues 3) Wrong
entries in /etc/vfstab file
..........................................................
6. You have a boot disk under svm, the machine fails to
boot and remains in ok prompt? what could be the possible
reason?
Ans: 1) May be issue with /etc/system file 2) Root file
system corrupted 3) Wrong entries in /etc/vfstab file
..........................................................
7. Metastat -p shows a metavolume needs replacement.
Metavolume is a single way mirror only. Actually you find
disk and metavolumes are ok and I/O is happening to the
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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

file systems how will you remove the metareplace message

that comes out of metastat.
Ans: Do a two way mirror and check the metastat p.
( If you still see that message detach and attach the disk
using metadetach )
..........................................................
8. How to create a shared disk group in VxVM?
Ans: Creating shared dg form the existing dgs
1) List all the dg available: #vxdg list
2) Find out the node that is master or slace using:
#vxdctl -c mode
3) Deport the disk groups to be shared: #vxdg deport
<dg name>
4) Import dgs to be shared: #vxdg -s import < dg
name> % Do this on master node
5) To check the shared disk groups: #vxdg list
...........................................................
9. What is the difference between private and public
regions in Veritas Volume manager?
Ans: Private Region: It has meta data regarding the disk. A
copy of the configuration database is copied to each
private region with the disk group. It keeps 5 copies of
the configuration database. It is configured as slice 3.
Once the private region is created it cannot be changed.
Public region: This is the area where all users data is
stored. Usually it is configured as slice 4.
...........................................................
10. What would you do if the private region of a
particular disk group is full? What are the design
considerations for the size of private region in Vxvm disk
group?
Ans: Reinitialize the disk with new private region length
#vxdisksetup -I c1t0d0 privlen=2048 %Default 1024
...........................................................
11. How to replace a corrupt private region? in vxvm 3.5
and greater versions
Ans: This link might give you some information
http://www.symantec.com/business/support/index?
page=content&id=TECH1197
...........................................................
12. How would you convert a volume from gen to fsgen? why
should you do that?
Ans: 1) #vxprint -g dgname -rhmvps filename >
filename.vxoutput
2) open the file simplevol.vxout using your fav editor and
change the use_type field alone from gen to fsgen.
3. Save the file. make sure you edit the use_type field
alone
4. Umount the filesystem; umount /simplevol
5. stop the volume ; vxvol -g dgname stop simplevol
6. remove the volume ; vxedit -g dgname -rf rm simplevol
7. using vxmake rebuild the volume from the saved file ;
vxmake -g dgname -d simplevol.vxout
8. check the vxprint out; vxprint -g dgname -hrt ; check
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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

for the usage type; it would be fsgen

9. start the volume; vxvol -g dgname start simplevol
10. do a fsck for the volume; fsck y /dev/vx/rdsk/dgname/simplevol
11. mount the filesystem ; mount /simplevol
gen assumes a volume does not contain filesystem and fsgen
assumes a volume contains a file system. Vxassist uses
fsgen as default type and vxmake uses gen as default type.
...........................................................
13. How can you unencapsulate a boot disk in VxVM?
Ans:
http://www.brandonhutchinson.com/Unencapsulating_a_root_disk
.html
...........................................................
14. How to identify multiple paths for a disk.
Ans: #vxdisk list <disk name>
...........................................................
15. What is the difference between Vxdmp and EMC powerpath?
Ans: vxdmp: The way the load balancing done is using round
robin approach
EMC Power path: It does it by knowing which path is
least loaded.
Powerpath will fail back a path once it becomes available.
The older version of DMP that we were using on Solaris you
had to manually bring back the other path. This could have
just been the limitations of Solaris as well. We ran Power
path on AIX and DMP on SUN.
...........................................................
16. vxdisk -o alldgs list o/p shows some disk groups in
braces What does that signify?
Ans: Those are shared disk groups.
...........................................................
17. What are the various layouts that are available in
VxVM?
Ans: 1) Mirroring (RAID-1)
2) Striping (RAID-0)
3) Concatenation and Spanning
4) Striping plus Mirroring (Mirrored-stripe or RAID
0+1)
5) Mirroring plus Striping (Striped mirror, RAID
1+0, OR RAID-10)
6) RAID-5 (Striping with parity).
............................................................
18. What is a layered volume? How to create it using
vxmake?
Ans: Using vxmake we need to build each object until we
create a volume and its very easy to use vxassist instead
vxmake.
1) Create subdisk ( # vxmake g dg dgname sd
sdname )
2) Create plex (#vxmake g dgname plex sd=sdname )
3) Create volume (#vxmake g dgname -U fsgen vol
plex=plexname )
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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

...........................................................
19. How to quickly mirror a volume, if the volume is empty?
Ans: With DRL : #vxassist g <diskgroup> make <vol name>
<length> layout=mirror, log <diskname> <diskname>
Without DRL : #vxassist g <diskgroup> make <volname>
<length> layout=mirror, nolog <diskname> <diskname>
...........................................................
20. How to grow a volume?
Ans: First check how much space you can increase using
#vxassist -g <diskgroup> maxgrow
After checking how much you can increase we can use the
below commands to increase volume
#vxassist -g <diskgroup> growby <volume> <len_to_grow_by>
or
#vxassist -g <diskgroup> growto <volume> <new_len>
...........................................................
21. What is the difference between failing and failed
disks?
Ans:
Failing disk
1) It shows read/write errors in /var/adm/messages.
2) As the time passes we can see increased number of hard
and transport error when checkd by iostat -En.
3)We can see the disk available when format is used
Failed disk
1)It shows disk not responding to selection message
2)It only shows the increased transport errors
3)Format command displays disk not available message
...........................................................
22. How to replace a failed disk in Veritas?
Ans: Can be removed using vxdiskadm and select option 5 (
To replace a failed disk)
23. Plex is in a disabled state. How will you recover? what
are the steps to follow?
Ans: 1) Place the plex in CLEAN state #vxmend -g dg
fix clean fix
2) To recover other plexes in a volume from CLEAN plex
#vxmend -g dg fix stale plex
3) Enable CLEAN plex # vxvol -g dg start volume
...........................................................
24. what is the difference between detached and
disassociate state of plexes?
Ans: Source: Symantec Docs
Detach State
Detaching a plex leaves the plex associated with its
volume, but prevents normal volume I/O from being directed
to the plex. This operation can be applied to plexes that
are enabled or disabled. The rules for performing the
detach depend upon the usage types of the volumes involved.
The operation does not apply to dissociated plexes.
Disassociate State
Dissociate each of the named plexes. Dissociating a plex
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breaks the link between the plex and its volume. A

dissociated plex is inaccessible until it is reassociated,
which can be done either with vxplex att or with vxmake.
Any checks and synchronizations that apply to the det
operation also apply to the dis operation.
Plex dissociation is the normal means of unmirroring a
volume, or reducing the mirror count for a volume. To
support this use, -o rm can be used to dissociate and
remove the plex (and its associated subdisks) in the same
operation. This makes the space used by those subdisks
usable for new allocations (such as with vxassist or with
vxmake).
Plex dissociation can also be used for file system backups
of volumes that are normally mirrored. Plex devices are not
directly mountable, so the backup method described for the
det operation will not work if the backup program requires
a mounted file system. To support such backup programs, a
plex can be dissociated and can then be allocated to a new
volume, such as with the command:
vxmake -U gen vol volume plex=plex
The created volume can then be started and mounted for use
by the backup program.
...........................................................
25. Whats the boot process of VxVM?
Ans: During the solaris boot process once it reads
the /etc/system file and is supposed to boot from veritas
volumes below are the two lines that need to be placed
in /etc/system file such that it boot using veritas root
device.
1. rootdev:/pseudo/vxio@0:0
2. set vxio:vol_rootdev_is_volume=1
...........................................................
26. Whats the difference between SVM and VxVM? What would
you recommend to your clients? why?
Ans:
SVM
1)Comes by default with Solaris 9/10
2)We cannot shrink volume in SVM
VxVM
1) Third party software where we need to install it
2) We can shrink volume in VxVM
............................................................
27. What are the various clusters you have worked on?
Ans: Never worked on all but can give below answer if you
have worked on any of them:
1) Sun Cluster
2) Veritas cluster
3) HACMP High Availability Cluster Multiprocesing
...........................................................
28. Which cluster is better VCS or Sun cluster?
Ans: Depends on the taste of the guy and budget they have
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1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

to implement the cluster.

............................................................
29. Compare and contrast VCS and Sun Cluster.
Ans: Source: azlabs blog
Sun Cluster
1) Kernel-based Fatser in failure detection
2) It runs only on Solaris systems ( Platform dependent)
Veritas Cluster
1)Software based
2)Works on multiple OS ( Platform independent)
...........................................................
30.how will you start VCS service????? What are the
configuration files in VCS?
Ans: To start an agent: #haagent - start agentname -sys
To start cluster : #hastart
Configuration file: /etc/VRTSvcs/conf/config/main.cf
...........................................................
31. How would switch a service group?
Ans: #hagrp switch <service group name> -to <system name>
............................................................
32. How would you freeze a service group?
Ans: #haconf -makerw
#hagrp -freeze <group name> -persistent
#haconf -dump -makero
...........................................................
33. What is a Split brain scenario ?
Ans: The situation when two or more clusters cannot
communicate with each other and each node thinks that it
owns the resources is said to be split brain scenario.
Is This Answer Correct ?

10 Yes

2 No

Re: 1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by step explanation? 2. How do you
remove meta only for the root slice? remaining slices should run under meta? 3. what you would do if you want
to replace a slice using metareplace option? 4. what is the significance of 51% state database replicas in SVM?
5. what are the common errors you find in Solaris Volume manager? 6. You have a boot disk under svm, the
machine fails to boot and remains in ok prompt? what could be the possible reason? 7. metastat -p shows a
metavolume needs replacement. Metavolume is a single way mirror only. Actually you find disk and metavolumes
are ok and I/O is happening to the filesystems how will you remove the metareplace message that comes out
of metastat. 8. How to create a shared disk group in VxVM? 9. What is the difference between private and
public regions in Veritas Volume manager? 10. what would you do if the private region of a particular disk group
is full? What are the design considerations for the size of private region in Vxvm disk group? 11. How to replace
a corrupt private region? in vxvm 3.5 and greater versions 12. How would you convert a volume from gen to
fsgen? why should you do that? 13. How can you unencapsulate a boot disk in VxVM? 14. How to identify
multiple paths for a disk. 15. What is the difference between Vxdmp and EMC powerpath? 16. vxdisk -o alldgs
list o/p shows some disk groups in braces What does that signify? 17. what are the various layouts that are
available in VxVM? 18.What is a layered volume? how to create it using vxmake? 19.How to quickly mirror a
volume, if the volume is empty? 20. How to grow a volume? 21. What is the difference between failing and failed
disks? 22. How to replace a failed disk in Veritas? 23. Plex is in a disabled state. How will you recover? what
are the steps to follow? 24.what is the difference between detached and disassociate state of plexes? 25. Whats
http://www.allinterview.com/showanswers/158823.html

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7/5/2014

1. How do you replace a failed boot disk under meta in solaris? Step by st

the boot process of VxVM? 26. Whats the difference between SVM and VxVM? What would you recommend
to your clients? why? 27.What are the various clusters you have worked on? 28. Which cluster is better VCS or
Sun cluster? 29. Compare and contrast VCS and Sun Cluster. 30.how will you start VCS service? What are the
configuration files in VCS? 31. How would switch a service group? 32. How would you freeze a service group?
33. What is a Split brain scenario ?
Answer naidu
0
Habibur R
#2
good information & I appreciate ur patience
Is This Answer Correct ?

7 Yes

0 No

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