Local Taxation Part I Business and Other Taxes

On-Line Bar Reviewer
on Taxation
Reynaldo G. Geronimo
Partner
1
ChanRobles Internet Bar Review : ChanRobles Professional Review, Inc.
www.chanroblesbar.com : www.chanroblesbar.com.ph
Local Taxation
Part I Taxation of
business
2
What constitutional provision grants
taxing power of local governments?
Art. X, Sec. 5: Each local government unit
shall have the power to create its own
sources of revenues and to levy taxes,
fees and charges subject to such
guidelines and limitations as the Congress
may provide, consistent with the basic
policy of local autonomy. Such taxes,
fees, and charges shall accrue exclusively
to the local governments.
3
Compare local taxing power under
the current constitution with that
under the 1935 Const.?
Under the 1935 Constitution, local governments
had taxing power only on account of legislative
delegation. Hence, it was ruled that Congress
could revoke all the taxing powers of local
governments.
Under the current Constitution, taxing power is
directly vested on local governments. Thus,
Congress can only put limits, but not take away
local taxing power entirely.
4
What are the fundamental
principles of local taxation?
Taxation shall be uniform in each local
government unit.
Taxes, fees, charges and other
impositions shall:
Be equitable and based as far as practicable
on the taxpayers ability to pay.
5
Be levied and collected only for public
purposes;
Not unjust, excessive, oppressive, or
confiscatory;
Not be contrary to law, public policy, national
economic policy or in restraint of trade;
The collection of taxes, fees, charges and
other impositions shall not be let to any
private person;
6
The revenue collected pursuant to the
provisions of the LGC shall insure to the
benefit of, and be subject to the disposition
by, the local government unit levying the
tax, fee, charge or other imposition unless
otherwise specifically provided herein; and
Each local government shall, as far as
practicable, evolve a progressive system
of taxation
7
What are the common limitations
on local taxing power?
Local taxing power, as a generally rule,
cannot extend to:
1. Income tax, except on banks and other
financial institutions;
2. Documentary stamp tax;
3. Taxes on estate, inheritance, gifts, and
legacies and other acquisitions mortis
causa;
8
4. Customs duties, registration fees of
vessel and wharfage on wharves, tonnage
dues and all other kinds of customs fees,
charges, and dues except wharfage on
wharves constructed and maintained by
the local government;
5. Taxes, fees and charges and other
impositions upon goods carried into or out
of or passing through the territorial
jurisdictions of local government units
9
.in the guise of charges for wharfage,
tolls for bridges or otherwise, or other
taxes, fees or charges in any form
whatsoever upon goods or merchandise;
f. Taxes, fees or charges on agricultural
and aquatic products when sold by
marginal farmers or fishermen;
g. Taxes on business enterprises certified
by the BOI as pioneer or non-pioneer for a
period of six (6) and four (4) years
respectively from date of registration
10
h. Excise taxes on articles enumerated under
the NIRC, as amended, and taxes, fees, or
charges on petroleum products;
I. Percentage or VAT on sales, barters or
exchanges or similar transactions on goods or
services;
j. Taxes on gross receipts of transportation
contractors and persons engaged in the
transportation of passengers or freight by hire
and common carriers by law, land, or water;
11
k. Taxes on premiums paid by way of
reinsurance or retrocession;
l. Taxes, fees or charges for the
registration of motor vehicles and for the
issuance of all kinds of licenses or permits
for the driving thereof, except tricycles;
m. Taxes, fees or other charges on
Philippine products actually exported;
12
n. Taxes fees or charges on Countryside
and Barangay Business Enterprises and
cooperatives duly registered under R.A,
No. 6810 and R.A. No. 6938, otherwise
known as the Cooperatives Code of the
Philippines;
o. Taxes, fees, or charges of any kind on
the National Government, its agencies and
instrumentalities, and local government
units.
13
What taxes may a province impose?
A province may impose ONLY:
(a) Tax on transfer of real property
ownership;
(b) Tax on business of printing and publication;
(c) Franchise Tax;
(d) Tax on sand, gravel and other quarry
resources;
(e) Professional Tax;
(f) Amusement Tax;
(g) Annual Fixed Tax for delivery trucks or van
14
What taxes, fees and charges
may municipalities impose?
Municipalities may levy taxes, fees, and
charges not otherwise levied by
provinces, such as:
(a)Tax on business
(b)Tax for sealing and licensing of weights
(c)Fishery rentals, fees and charges
15
What is the scope of taxing
power of cities?
The city may levy the taxes, fees and
charges which the province or municipality
may impose.
In highly urbanized and independent
component cities shall accrue to them and
distributed according to the LGC.
The rates of city taxes may exceed the
maximum rates allowed for provinces or
municipalities by not more than 50%,
except the rates of professional and
amusement taxes.
16
What taxes, fees and charges
may be imposed by barangays?
Barangays may impose:
Taxes on stores and retailers with fixed
business establishments with low gross sales
Service fees or charges
Barangay clearance fees
Other fees and charges
17
What are the common revenue
raising powers of local govts?
All local governments may impose:
1. Service fees and charges for services
rendered;
2. Public utility charges;
3. Toll fees or charges.
18
What are the rules relating to the
collection of local taxes?
1. The tax period, unless otherwise fixed,
is the calendar.
2. The obligation accrues on the first (1
st
)
day of J anuary of each year;
3. But the tax may be paid in quarterly
installments, within the first 20 days of
J anuary or subsequent quarters
19
What are the penalties that may
be imposed for non-payment of
local taxes?
Surcharge of not more than 25%
Interest of not more than 2% per
month (but not more than 36 mos.)
20
What periods govern the
collection of local taxes?
Period of collection: within 5 years from
the date the taxes become due
In case of fraud or intent to avoid payment,
taxes may be collected within 10 years
from DISCOVERY;
Period of prescription suspended:
The treasurer is legal prevented
Taxpayer requests in writing for a
reinvestigation
Taxpayer abroad or cannot be located.
21
Thank You
Good Luck
22

Local Taxation Part I Business and Other Taxes

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