Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
November 2, 2009
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
2
Abstract
We begin by introducing the Chinese “One Child Policy” and giving the audience a broad
overview of the multifaceted benefits and global implications of China’s population control
mechanism. The “One Child Policy” directly affects many of the larger intercultural, social-
economic, macroeconomic, and hot-button geopolitical issues that we face in our global society
today. Later we will place China’s current population and consumption levels into perspective
by comparing and contrasting it quantitatively with that of the United States and several other
superpower nations. Our aim and objective in this paper is to show how population is correlated
and interrelated on many fundamental levels both large and small with every aspect of our lives
and also to demonstrate why China’s implementation of this policy has far-fetching
China's One Child Policy was originally established by former Chinese Premier Deng
Xiao Ping in 1979 to control the rapid growth and population overshoot of the nation. Known
natively as the ‘Family Planning Policy’, it was initially implemented as a "temporary measure" -
however it has shown to be so effective in controlling population that the policy continues to
today. Although the One Child Policy limits Chinese couples to one child per family, it is not a
blanket policy and has many built in measures and exemptions for certain circumstances. For
example: rural couples, ethnic minorities, and parents without any siblings themselves are
exempt from the policy restrictions; and China has also eliminated the one child policy for
parents affected by the unexpected death of a child. In addition, this policy does not actually
apply to many of the Special Administrative Regions of China - such as Macau, Hong Kong, and
the disputed region of Taiwan. In total, only about 40% of the Chinese Han Mandarin
population is currently subject to the latest iteration of the One Child Policy.
China’s “One Child Policy” directly affects many of the larger intercultural, social-
economic, macroeconomic, and hot-button geopolitical issues that we face in our global society
today. Because population is interrelated on many levels and with such multifaceted aspects of
also demonstrate why China’s implementation of this policy has far-fetching consequences that
Many of the problems that China and the rest of the world are facing today can be
this planet. While these problems are local, national, and global, they are all tied together by the
arithmetic of unchecked growth. Unfortunately the math tells us that our planetary population
overshoot has made each and every fundamental problem that much worse by exacerbating,
complicating, and compounding all situations with more and more numbers of people.
Peak Oil is the point in time when the rate of global oil and petroleum extraction has
reached a global peak and maximum, after which the world enters the stage of terminal decline
Peak Oil is based not only on the empirically observed production rates of individual oil
wells, but also on the totality of combined production rate of a field of related oil wells in
aggregate. While the United States entered terminal decline in the 1970's the world as a whole
Many petroleum, energy, and economic experts and advisors have predicted that our
civilization's high dependence and unhealthy reliance on modern industrial production, transport,
agricultural and food systems, and high technology systems all require the abundant availability
of cheap and energy density sources of power in order to be sustained. After post peak oil the
decline in total available net energy may signal the beginning of the end of our complex chain of
There is also a matter of EROEI (Energy Returned on Energy Invested). Many so-called
alternative sources of energy – even if they could be technologically achieved, and were
economically feasible, and were scaled and brought online in time – are not energy dense enough
to sustain the underlying foundations and fabric of modern civilization. As a result, the majority
of all alternative and renewable sources of energy actually rely on the existence of petroleum
power sources to be manufactured, installed, maintained, and decommissioned and all need
conventional sources of energy to bring them to fruit; they are essentially derivatives of
dependent on petroleum and its derivatives (such as coal, natural gas, etc.) as a necessary
prerequisite to its very existence. With China’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growing at a
geometric rate of 9% annually and its 1.3 billions citizens all aspiring to live the “Chinese
Dream”, it seems the East and West will be inevitably locked in a scramble to secure the last
remaining sizeable deposits of oil and other nonrenewable natural resources with whatever
means necessary. Historically, the underlying motive of all major wars are rooted in resource
acquisition, so it is not a stretch to predict this geopolitical tension and strife between
superpowers and hegemonies could eventually lead to a third world war or nuclear Armageddon.
Ever since the early 1950’s there has not been a positive correlation between net energy
inflow and energy outflow in modernized agriculture. Due to many combined factors such as soil
segregation and the loss of top soil and arable land, we have reached a point of diminishing
returns in farming. The agricultural green revolution refers to the extensive use of fertilizers,
pesticides, and technological farm equipment (all based on petroleum products or its many
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
6
derivatives) to allow global food production to keep pace with worldwide population growth and
exponential demand in rising standards of living. Thus like China's population control
mechanism, this Green Revolution also has had significant social, ecological, and
macroeconomic impacts. Quite literally, we are eating fossil fuels, and when petroleum runs out
we will face worldwide food shortages – this is true even if we don’t convert a single arable acre
of land to growing government subsidized corn/ethanol to power our SUVs. It has been
estimated that America would need as much new arable land as that of the size of the continent
of Africa to be able to grow enough corn to sustain our energy needs for transportation if we
were to switch entirely to ethanol. The implications are far fetching indeed, by not
understanding the second law of thermodynamics and going the ethanol (which is a net energy
sink) route, governments and supporting industries have inadvertently cannibalized global food
supplies by siphoning it away to use in a self-destructive manner and as a result priced out many
of the poorer nations by creating demand destruction on their food supplies and causing indirect
genocide of millions across the world. However if the hidden goal of the globalists in power is
actually an implicit population reduction, it could again be argued that they would be much more
effective at arriving at this objective by starting at the top, rather than the bottom, of the “food
chain”.
The entire globalized modern banking and financial systems also rely devastatingly on
the existence of cheap and abundant oil, petroleum, and other hydrocarbon sources of power in
order to be sustain. Today much of our economies are actually debt-based economies that
operate under a fiat currency, fractional reserve banking system where money equals debt and
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
7
both are created out of thin air by central banks solely on the demand of it alone. The US dollar -
the world’s current reserve currency – is pegged to barrels of oil (it has long since decoupled
from the Gold Standard) by sheer force of America’s imperialistic military might and the implicit
agreement of OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) to sell and export their oil
with condition of accepting exclusively US denominated dollars. When the US Federal Reserve
‘prints’ (a largely digital bookkeeping entry) monies to the tune of trillions to prop up America’s
debt happy tendencies, it is actually by and large the rest of the world – including major holders
of US debt, securities and treasures such as China, Japan and the European Union – that pay for
it through the devaluation of their dollar denominated assets. Essentially for the past 30 years
America has been raising the standard of living of its own citizens by inflating and diluting the
purchasing power and eroding the savings of the citizens of every other nation in the world; and
this in turn gives the United States an unfair advantage on the world stage, and allows it to
continue consuming disproportionate amounts of the world’s last sizeable deposits of oil and of
Our debt-based economies and global financial capitalistic markets are also based on the
expectation of perpetual growth. In fact our entire monetary system is one giant pyramid scheme
that by its very nature requires more and more able and willing participants to join in on the party
in order to starve off the inevitable implosion and collapse. In essence, as a society and a global
civilization we have always financed today’s expenses using the expectation of future
generation’s expanded growth as collateral to pay off current debt. America’s (and also to a
lesser extent the rest of the world’s) debt can only realistically ever hope to be paid off if and
only if it can continue to growth economically and expand in prosperity at a fast enough rate.
However, it is an inconvenient truth and a stark mathematically certainty that exponential and/or
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
8
perpetual growth in a finite environment is an utter and absurd notion, a total and absolute
impossibility. Many physical constraints such as resource depletion of energy and the laws of
entropy and thermodynamics explicitly prohibit the fallacy of perpetual never-ending growth of
any kind. With the limits of growth comes the collapse and demise of our modern capitalistic
society and the Ponzi pyramid schemes that underlie modern macroeconomics – as with any
other kind of scheme, when there is no more growth it simply collapses upon itself domino chain
But perhaps most disturbing of all is the rapid devaluation of the US dollar. This is in
large part caused by the US Treasury and Federal Reserve being reckless in their uncontrolled
creation of new money and America’s unsustainable ‘growth’ dynamic of borrowing more and
more with no indication of ever being solvent enough to pay anything back. Being the largest
holder of US debt, China now last little to no appetite to continue financing the never-ending
needs of the American people. Given that the dollar has already lost so much value when
compared alongside a basket of other foreign currencies, China in fact is at a strategic position to
for realignment of its wealth by converting its dollar assets into tangible commodities through its
global “shopping spree” process of acquiring petroleum, metals, commodities and other
resources throughout the world. While some have argued that China and America’s economies
are entangled and in lock-step, it is quite clear that with the growing aspirations of 1.3 billion
Chinese to live the new “Chinese Dream” China’s domestic and internal markets are now robust
enough to support its own continued growth and rising status without having to cater to a
dysfunctional and imbalanced trading reliance on the United States. With global resources
dwindling there can only be one remaining superpower, and it would not being in China’s best
national security interest to continue sponsoring the spending habits of the American people (by
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
9
propping up the petrodollar hegemony) at the expense of depriving their own citizen’s wellbeing
After nearly 30 years today millions of single children are coming of age in China and
transforming into the young adults of China's bright and prosperous future. The Central Chinese
Government has recently enacted several newer special provisions allowing millions of couples
to have two or more children legally and without penalty. Adults born and raised under the One
Child Policy can now have two children of their own, thus preventing too dramatic of a
population reduction and helping to alleviate the problem of China's aging population.
China’s “One Child Policy” is aligned with the nation’s objective of a peaceful rise to
power and beneficial towards the direction of one harmonious world. To put things into
perspective, China’s One Child Policy has overwhelming succeeded in helping to reduce the
burden of every other social-economic problem – a lesser overpopulated nation means less
pollution, less disease, less completion, consumption, less social unrest, and greater freedom of
wealth, prosperity, equality and equity for all to enjoy. A stable, healthy, prosperous and
sustainable China is good for the world and for China – a peaceful and happy China is a China
that is more empowered to lead the world and help achieve unity and one new world order in the
socially, there is no such thing as a “free lunch”. In everything we do there are always
opportunity costs and tradeoffs. As with money, there is a time-value of “freedom”. Our choice
to pursue prosperity and growth right now at the expense of sustainability and our environment
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
10
will produce orders of magnitude more pain, suffering, and personal sacrifices (including the loss
of freedom) required from future generations. China’s One Child Policy should be considered
by the Obama administration to be implemented in the United States - even though American’s
make up only 5% of world population, we consume more than 50% of the world’s resources,
thus per capita we are actually significantly more overpopulated than even China.
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
11
References
Fishman, T.C (2006). China, inc.: How the rise of the next superpower challenges America and
Greenhalgh, S. (2008). Just one child: Science and policy in Deng's china. "Los Angeles"
Fong, V. (2006). Only hope: Coming of age under china’s one-child policy. Stanford: Stanford
University Press.
Lan, R. (2009). A man-made disaster: A log of the birth control campaign in 1975 in china.
Frescata, C. (2007). Green china, 2007-2008 (english and chinese edition). Biosani.
Milwertz, C. (1996). Accepting population control: Urban chinese women and the one-child
Ruppert, M.C (2004). Crossing the rubicon: The decline of the american empire at the end of the
Deffeyes, K.S (2008). Hubbert's peak: The impending world oil shortage (new edition). "City:
Simmons, M.R (2006). Twilight in the desert: The coming saudi oil shock and the world
economy. Wiley.
Kunstler, J.H (2006). The long emergency: Surviving the end of oil, climate change, and other
Pfeiffer, D.A (2006). Eating fossil fuels: Oil, food and the coming crisis in agriculture. New
Society Publishers.
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
12
Chicago, F.R (1994). Modern money mechanics: A workbook on bank reserves and deposit
Brown, E.H (2007). Web of debt: The shocking truth about our money system -- the sleight of
hand that has trapped us in debt and how we can break free. "City: Missing." Third
Millennium Press.
Spiro, D.E (1999). The hidden hand of american hegemony: Petrodollar recycling and
University Press.
Clark, W.R (2005). Petrodollar warfare: Oil, iraq and the future of the dollar. "City: Missing."
Turk, J., & Rubino, J. (2008). The collapse of the dollar and how to profit from it: Make a
fortune by investing in gold and other hard assets. "City: Missing." Broadway Business.
Morris, C.R (2008). The trillion dollar meltdown: Easy money, high rollers, and the great credit
Savinar, M. (2006, April 13). Life after the oil crash. Retrieved from
http://lifeaftertheoilcrash.net/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_child_policy
world-factbook/geos/ch.html
EIA, E. (1, December 2008). Total primary energy consumption (quadrillion btu) . Retrieved
from http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/IEDIndex3.cfm?tid=44&pid=44&aid=2
Running head: CHINA’S ONE CHILD POLICY
13
http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/ene_oil_con-energy-oil-consumption
is-eroei/
Duncan, R. (2000, November 13). The Peak of world oil production and the road to the olduvai
Ruppert, M. (2004, January 14). Until You change the way money works…. Retrieved from
http://www.fromthewilderness.com/free/ww3/031406_money_works.shtml
Bartlett, A. (2006, March 24). Dr. albert bartlett: arithmetic, population and energy. Retrieved
from http://globalpublicmedia.com/transcripts/645