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Prof. Tapas Paul, Department of Economics, Independent University, Bangladesh

SQ3R Reading Method
SQ3R is a reading strategy formed from its letters:
Survey! Question! Read! Recite! Review!

SQ3R will help you build a framework to understand your reading assignment.

Before you read, Survey the chapter:
the title, headings, and subheadings
captions under pictures, charts, graphs or maps
review questions or teacher-made study guides
introductory and concluding paragraphs
summary
Question while you are surveying:
Turn the title, headings, and/or subheadings into questions
Read questions at the end of the chapters or after each subheading
Ask yourself,
"What did my instructor say about this chapter or subject
when it was assigned?"
Ask yourself,
"What do I already know about this subject?"
Note: If it is helpful to you, write out these questions for consideration.
This variation is called SQW3R
When you begin to Read:
Look for answers to the questions you first raised
Answer questions at the beginning or end of chapters or study guides
Reread captions under pictures, graphs, etc.
Note all the underlined, italicized, bold printed words or phrases
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Prof. Tapas Paul, Department of Economics, Independent University, Bangladesh
Study graphic aids
Reduce your speed for difficult passages
Stop and reread parts which are not clear
Read only a section at a time and recite after each section
Recite after you've read a section:
Orally ask yourself questions about what you have just read, or summarize, in your own
words, what you read
Take notes from the text but write the information in your own words
Underline or highlight important points you've just read
Reciting:
The more senses you use the more likely you are to remember what you read Triple strength
learning: Seeing, saying, hearing
Quadruple strength learning: Seeing , saying , hearing, writing!!!
Review: an ongoing process
Day One
After you have read and recited the entire chapter,
write questions in the margins for those points
you have highlighted or underlined.
If you took notes while reciting,
write questions for the notes you have taken
in the left hand margins of your notebook.
Complete the form for a critical reading review
Day Two
Page through the text and/or your notebook to re-acquaint yourself
with the important points.
Cover the right hand column of your text/note-book
and orally ask yourself the questions in the left hand margins.
Orally recite or write the answers from memory.
Develop mnemonic devices for material which need to be memorized.
Make flash cards for those questions which give you difficulty.
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Prof. Tapas Paul, Department of Economics, Independent University, Bangladesh
Days Three, Four and Five
Alternate between your flash cards and notes and test yourself
(orally or in writing) on the questions you formulated.
Make additional flash cards if necessary.
Weekend
Using the text and notebook, make a Table of Contents - list all the topics and sub-topics
you need to know from the chapter.
From the Table of Contents, make a Study Sheet/ Spatial Map.
Recite the information orally and in your own words as you put the Study Sheet/Map
together.
As you have consolidated all the information you need for this chapter, periodically review
the Sheet/Map so that at test time
you will not have to cram.


Courtesy: Based upon Robinson, Francis Pleasant. (1970) Effective study. New York: Harper & Row.
Source: http://www.studygs.net/texred2.htm











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Prof. Tapas Paul, Department of Economics, Independent University, Bangladesh
KWL Reading Method
KWL is intended to be an exercise for a study group or class that can guide you in reading and
understanding a text.
You can adapt it to working alone, but discussions definitely help.
It is composed of only three stages that reflect a worksheet of three columns with the three letters:
What we
Know
what we
Want to
know
what we
Learned


K stands for Know
This first stage may surprise you:
Think first about, then list, what you know about the topic before reading!
This advanced organizer provides you with a background to the new material,
building a scaffold to support it.
Think of it as a pre-reading inventory.
Brainstorm!
Before looking at the text, think of keywords, terms, or phrases about the topic, either in
your class or a study group.
Record these in the K column of your chart until you cannot think of more.
Engage your group in a discussion about what you wrote in the K column.
Organize the entries into general categories.
W stands for Will or Want
The second stage is to list a series of questions of what you want to know more of the subject, based
upon what you listed in K.
Preview the texts table of contents, headings, pictures, charts etc.
Discuss what you want to learn
List some thoughts on what you want, or expect to learn, generally or specifically.
Think in terms of what you will learn, or what do you want to learn about this.
Turn all sentences into questions before writing them down.
They will help you focus your attention during reading.
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Prof. Tapas Paul, Department of Economics, Independent University, Bangladesh
List the questions by importance.
L stands for Learned
The final stage is to answer your questions,
as well as to list what new information you have learned.
Either while reading or after you have finished.
List out what you learn as you read,
either by section, or after the whole work, whichever is comfortable for you.
Check it against the W column, what you wanted to learn
Create symbols to indicate main ideas, surprising ideas, questionable ideas, and those you
dont understand!
Expand this exercise beyond K W L:
Add an H!
Stands for HOW you can learn more.
Pose new questions about the topic
How can I learn more or answer questions not answered in my worksheet
These include other sources of information, including: organizations, experts, tutors,
websites, librarians, etc.
5 W's and an H
Another reading strategy is to answer the questions that form the basis of good journalism:
Who What When Where Why and How
Who are the main characters?
What does the author say happened?
Where did the action occur?
When did it happen or what is the span of time?
Why did this happen?
How did it happen?

Source: http://www.studygs.net/texred3.htm