Source Specifications in MCNP Source Specifications in MCNP

Presented by:
Seyed Amir Hossein Feghhi
I t t O t t Fl Di Input to Output Flow Diagram:
S C d Source Commands :
Th f ibl t
SDEF Fixed (general source)
There are four possible source types:
KCODE
Needs KSRC,SDEF card or
Reactor
,
SRCTP file from SSW
card
SSW / SSR
MCNP generated surface
source
User subroutine
source
write your own
if SDEF SSR d KCODE if SDEF,SSR and KCODE are
all missing
G l C d General Cards :
These general cards can be sed ith an of These general cards can be used with any of
the above sources:
SI (source information),
SP (source probability), ( p y),
SB (source bias),
DS (dependent source)
MODE card implied the type of source
i l particle.
MODE d MODE card :
MCNP b i l diff t d MCNP can be run in several different modes:
N neutron transport only (default)
N P neutron and neutron-induced photon transport
P photon transport only P photon transport only
E electron transport only
P E photon and electron transport
N P E neutron, neutron-induced photon and electron transport
S S ifi ti Source Specifications :
A particle source has: A particle source has:
Intensity,
Energy,
Di i Direction,
Shape,
Temporal characteristics,
A position somewhere within the phase space of the problem
We are concerned here with fixed sources, or primary sources; not
secondary sources such as those generated by fission, neutron capture,
or electron recoil or electron recoil.
The source strength in represented in MCNP by the starting weight,
WGT, which is usually assigned to unity to represent a normalized
source.
Th f f f i l f i l ib i The frequency of occurrence of a particle of a particular attribute is
determined by the sources probability density function (pdf).
S S ifi ti Source Specifications :
The starting age TME in needed if a time dependent The starting age, TME, in needed if a time dependent
problem is to be solved
Time dependence is provided by keeping track of the
chronological age (distance of travel/velocity) of each
ti l particle.
If the source is not mono energetic, it has to be sampled
from a given, or designated energy spectrum, f(x). If the g , g gy p , ( )
spectrum source is biased according to an importance
function,g(x), the source energies are selected from the
distribution f(x)g(x) distribution f(x)g(x).
G l S C d (SDEF) General Source Card (SDEF) :
The SDEF command with its many variables is one of The SDEF command with its many variables is one of
the more complex MCNP commands and is capable of
producing an incredible variety of sources
The SDEF command has many variables or parameters
that are used to define all the characteristics of all
i th bl sources in the problem
The source and type of radiation particles for an e sou ce a d type o ad at o pa t c es o a
MCNP problem is defined by the SDEF command
Only one SDEF card is allowed in an input file Only one SDEF card is allowed in an input file
SDEF ri bl d th ir d f lt SDEF variables and their defaults :
SDEF ri bl SDEF variables:
SDEF ri bl SDEF variables:
Values of variables can be specified at three levels: Values of variables can be specified at three levels:
(1) explicitly (e.g., ERG=1.25),
(2) with a distribution number (e.g., ERG=d5),
(3) as a function of another variable (e.g., ERG=Fpos).
Specify variables at levels 2 and 3 requires the use of
four other source cards:
SI (source information),
SP (source probability),
SB (source bias), ( ),
DS (dependent source)
I p rt t P i t Important Point
When developing a new source definition, always check and
recheck that source particles are truly being generated where
hi k h h ld b l h d you think they should be. HINT: Always use the VOID card
and the PRINT 110 statement somewhere in data block of
h i fil Th PRINT 110 h i l i the input file. The PRINT 110 causes the starting locations.
directions, and energies of the first 50 particles to be printed
t th t t fil E i thi t t t bl t i to the output file. Examine this output table to convince
yourself that particles are being generated as you expect.
Sp ti l Di trib ti (Sh p ) Spatial Distribution (Shape):
I l SUR f f d CELL f l
Volume Sources :
SUR 0 (d f lt l )
In general, use SUR for a surface source and CELL for a volume source.
SUR=0 (default value).
Cartesian (These are specified with X, Y, and Z.)
P i X Y d Z ll Point: X, Y and Z are all constant.
Line: one variable, the others are constant,
Rectangular Plane: Fix one variable and vary the other Rectangular Plane: Fix one variable and vary the other
two.
Rectangular Polyhedron: vary the three variables.
Sp ti l Di trib ti (Sh p ) Spatial Distribution (Shape):
S h i l (Th ifi d b POS ( t f h ) Spherical (These are specified by POS (center of sphere)
and RAD (radius), do not specify XYZ and AXS.)
Point: RAD=0, or not specified at all. , p
Spherical shell: specify two radii for RAD on an SIn card.
Cylindrical (These are specified with POS (point on axis),
AXS (direction cosines of axis), RAD (radius of
li d ) d EXT (di t f POS) cylinder), and EXT (distance form POS).
Disk :set EXT=0, which provides a source with circular symmetry on a
plane.
Sp ti l Di trib ti (Sh p ) Spatial Distribution (Shape):
Warning about Volume Sources:
Never position any kind of volume distribution in p y
such a way that it lies on one of the defined
surfaces of the problem geometry. p g y
move to a position just a little way off of the
surface. It will not make any detectable surface. It will not make any detectable
difference in the answers, and it will prevent
particles from getting lost. particles from getting lost.
Sp ti l Di trib ti (Sh p ) Spatial Distribution (Shape):
Surface Sources: Surface Sources:
SUR 0, Sampled values of X Y and Z determine position
(make sure that the point is on surface). IF X Y Z are not
specified, the position is sampled from SUR
Plane
(SUR d fi f l POS b i l (SUR defines a name of a plane, POS must be a point on plane.
The position of sampled uniformly on the circle of radius
RAD centered around). )
Cylindrical
(This must be specified with as a volume source, specify two
l dii f A S d) equal radii for RAD on an SIn card).
Sp ti l Di trib ti (Sh p ) Spatial Distribution (Shape):
Spherical Spherical
(SUR is the name of a spherical surface. If AXS is not
specified, position is sampled uniformly on surface. p , p p y
If AXS is specified, EXT in used for the cosine of
the angle between the direction AXS and the vector
from the center of the sphere to the position point from the center of the sphere to the position point
(EXT can have a distribution).
Spheroidal Spheroidal
SUR is the name of ellipse revolved around one of its
axis. A spheroid must have its axis parallel to one of
the coordinate axis.
E r Sp tr Energy Spectrum:
ERG= starting energy (default 14 MeV):
Use an SP card to define a distribution from Built-In
Functions for Source Probability and Bias Specification
Dir ti l di trib ti Directional distribution:
The default is isotropic distribution.
VEC defines a reference vector (which can be itself a
distribution);
the default for a surface source is the normal to the source in a
direction defined by NRM.
DIR defines the cosine of the polar angle; DIR defines the cosine of the polar angle;
cosine distribution for a surface source is the default.
The azimuthal angle is sampled uniformly The azimuthal angle is sampled uniformly.
DIR=l gives a mono-directional source (beam) in the
,direction of VEC. ,direction of VEC.
DIR can be biased to a preferred direction,
T p r l di trib ti Temporal distribution:
TME = time (in units of shakes, default=O). TME time (in units of shakes, default O).
SP with f=-1 defines a Gaussian distribution
with time with time.
Alternatively, DS can be used to define a
discrete distribution. discrete distribution.
Bi i Biasing:
It allows the production of more source It allows the production of more source
particle, with suitably reduced weights, in
the more important regimes of each the more important regimes of each
variables. Source biasing is the only
i d ti ll d ith F8 t lli variance reduction allowed with F8 tallies
having energy bins.
Oth r Others:
See manual for : See manual for :
Repeated source structure
S f it (SSW d) Surface source write (SSW card).
Surface source read (SSR card)
Criticality source (KCODE and KSRC cards).
User supplied source (Subroutines SOURCE User supplied source (Subroutines SOURCE
and SRCDX).
E pl Examples :
Point Isotropic Sources
Isotropic Volumetric Sources
Line and Area Sources
Monodirectional and Collimated Sources
E pl Examples (Point Isotropic Sources):
Two Point Isotropic Sources at Different Positions
SDEF ERG=E PAR=n POS=d5 $ energy particle type location SDEF ERG=E PAR=n POS=d5 $ energy, particle type, location
SI5 L x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 $ (x,y,z) coords of the two pt sources
SP5 p1 p2 $ relative strengths of each source
E pl Examples (Point Isotropic Sources):
Point Isotropic Source with Discrete Energy Photons
SDEF POS X0 Y0 Z0 PAR=n ERG=d1 SDEF POS X0 Y0 Z0 PAR=n ERG=d1
SI1 L E1 E2 E3 E4 $ the 4 discrete energies (MeV)
SP1 f1 f2 f3 f4 $ frequency of each energy
E pl Examples (Point Isotropic Sources):
Point isotropic with a Histogram of energies
SDEF POS X0 Y0 Z0 PAR ERG d1 $ iti ti l t SDEF POS X0 Y0 Z0 PAR=n ERG=d1 $ position, particle type, energy
SI1 H E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 $ histogram boundaries (MeV)
SP1 D p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 $ probabilities for each bin
E pl Examples (Point Isotropic Sources):
Point Isotropic Source with a Continuum of Energies
SDEF POS X0 Y0 Z0 PAR=n ERG=d1 $ position, particle type, energy
SP1 F a b $ Function No. and input parameters S $ p p
E pl Examples (Point Isotropic Sources):
Two Point Sources with Different Energy Distributions
src 1 (4-bins) & src 2 (4 discrete Ei)
SDEF PAR=2 POS=d1 ERG FPOS d2 SDEF PAR=2 POS=d1 ERG FPOS d2
SI1 L -10 0 0 10 0 0 $ coords of srcs on x-axis
SP1 .4 .6 $ rel strengths of sources
DS2 S 3 4 $ energy distributions
SI3 H .1 .3 .5 1. 2.5 $ E bin limits src 1
SP3 D 0 .2 .4 .3 .2 $ bin prob for src 1
SI4 L .3 .5 .9 1.25 $ discrete Ei for src 2
SP4 .20 .10 .30 .40 $ rel freq for src 2
E pl Examples (Isotropic Volumetric Sources):
Rectangular Parallelepiped Parallel to Axes :
SDEF X=d1 Y=d2 Z=d3 ERG=E PAR=n
SI1 X +X $ x-range limits for source volume S $ g
SP1 0 1 $ uniform probability over x-range
SI2 Y +Y $ y-range limits for source volume
SP2 0 1 $ niform probabilit o er range SP2 0 1 $ uniform probability over y-range
SI3 Z +Z $ z-range limits for source volume
SP3 0 1 $ uniform probability over z-range
E pl Examples (Isotropic Volumetric Sources):
Source in a Complex Cell: Enclosing Cube Rejection Method :
SDEF X=d1 Y=d2 Z=d3 ERG=E PAR=n CEL=8
SI1 X +X $ x-range limits for source volume S $ g
SP1 0 1 $ uniform probability over x-range
SI2 Y +Y $ y-range limits for source volume
SP2 0 1 $ niform probabilit o er range SP2 0 1 $ uniform probability over y-range
SI3 Z +Z $ z-range limits for source volume
SP3 0 1 $ uniform probability over z-range
E pl Examples (Isotropic Volumetric Sources):
Source in a Complex Cell: Enclosing Sphere Rejection Method :
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 RAD=d1 CEL=8
SI1 R1 R2 $ radial sampling range SI1 R1 R2 $ radial sampling range
SP1 -21 a $ weighting for radial sampling
E pl Examples (Line and Area Sources):
Line Source:
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 X=d1 Y=Y0 Z=Z0 PAR=n ERG=E
SI1 X +X $ Xmin to Xmax for line source SI1 -X +X $ Xmin to Xmax for line source
SP1 -21 a $ sampling weighting (a=0 for uniform sampling)
E pl Examples (Line and Area Sources):
Disk Source:
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 AXS=i j k EXT=0 RAD=d1 PAR=n ERG=E
SI1 R1 R2 $ radial sampling range (for example 0 to Rmax) SI1 R1 R2 $ radial sampling range (for example 0 to Rmax)
SP1 -21 a $ radial sampling weighting (a=1 for disk source)
E pl Examples (Line and Area Sources):
Plane Source:
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 X=d1 Y=d2 Z=0 PAR=n ERG=E
SI1 -X X $ sampling range Xmin to Xmax S $ p g g
SP1 0 1 $ weighting for x sampling: here constant
SI2 -Y Y $ sampling range Ymin to Ymax
SP2 0 1 $ eighting for sampling: here constant SP2 0 1 $ weighting for y sampling: here constant
E pl Examples (Line and Area Sources):
Line Source:
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 AXS=i j k EXT=d1 RAD=0 PAR=n ERG=E
SI1 X +X $ axial sampling range: X to X SI1 -X +X $ axial sampling range: -X to X
SP1 -21 a $ weighting for axial sampling (a=0 for uniform sampling)
E pl Examples (Monodirectional and Collimated Sources):
Monodirectional Disk Source:
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 AXS=i j k EXT=0 RAD=d1 PAR=n ERG=E
VEC=i j k DIR=1 VEC=i j k DIR=1
SI1 R1 R2 $ radial sampling range
SP1 -21 a $ radial sampling weighting (a=1 for disk source)
E pl Examples (Monodirectional and Collimated Sources):
Point Source Collimated into a Cone of Directions:
SDEF POS=X0 Y0 Z0 ERG=E PAR=n VEC=i j k DIR=d1
SI1 c1 c2 c3 $ histogram for cosine bin limits
SP1 p1 p2 p3 $ fraction. solid angle for each bin
With this conical source, tally normalization is per source particle in 4 steradians.
Examples (M l i l V l i S ) Examples (Multiple Volumetric Sources):
Two Cylindrical Volumetric Sources y
2 volumetric sources uniformly distributed in cells 8 & 9:
SDEF ERG=E CEL d1 AXS=0 0 1 POS 0 0 0 RAD d2 EXT d5
SI1 L 8 9 $ source cells: src 1 =cell 8, src 2 =cell 9
SP1 0.8 0.2 $ 80% from src 1; 20% from src 2
SI2 0 50 $ radius of cyl. containing cells 8 & 9 SI2 0 50 $ radius of cyl. containing cells 8 & 9
SI5 -30 30 $ axial range of cyl. containing src cells