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Vertebrate Zoology Lab Week 5 Updated 9 February 2009

Class Amphibia: Frog isse!tio"
#$ %relimi"ary Work:

A$ &bser'e amphibia" display material$
##$ Lab Work
A$ (tudy the e)ter"al a"atomy o* a preser'ed *rog + see pp$ ,-+,. /29,+2990 i" lab book$
1$ (tudy the skeletal system o* the *rog + see pp$ ,9+92 /302+3030 a"d Figs$ 29+2 to 29+3 i" lab
book$
+ be able to ide"ti*y the *ollo4i"g parts o* the skeleto":
2$ A)ial skeleto":
a$ (kull:
/20 !ra"ium
/20 upper 5a4
/30 lo4er 5a4
b$ Vertebral !olum"
/20 atlas
/20 'ertebrae
/30 urostyle
!$ (ter"um
2$ Appe"di!ular skeleto":
a$ %e!toral girdle a"d *orelimbs:
/20 supras!apula
/20 s!apula
/30 !la'i!le
/60 !ora!oid
/50 humerus
/-0 radioul"a
/.0 !arpals
/,0 meta!arpals
/90 phala"ges
b$ %el'i! girdle a"d hi"d limbs:
/20 ilium
/20 is!hium
/30 pubis
/60 *emur
/50 tibio*ibula
/-0 tarsals Add these to Figure 29+37 p$ 92 /30307 i" lab ma"ual$
/.0 metatarsals
/,0 phala"ges
2
C$ isse!t a"d study the skeletal mus!les o* a preser'ed *rog + see pp$ 92+95 /303+30.0 a"d Figs$
29+6 a"d 29+5 i" lab book + be able to ide"ti*y the *ollo4i"g mus!les:
2$ Ve"tral tru"k mus!les:
a$ %e!toralis
b$ 8e!tus abdomi"is
!$ 9)ter"al obli:ue
d$ /Li"ea alba + !o""e!ti'e tissue0
2$ Ve"tral mus!les o* the thigh:
a$ (artorius
b$ Addu!tor mag"us
!$ ;ra!ilis ma5or
d$ ;ra!ilis mi"or
3$ orsal mus!les o* the thigh
a$ <ri!eps *emoris
20 Vastus i"ter"us
20 Vastus e)ter"us
30 <e"sor *as!ia lata /=re!tus *emoris0
b$ (emimembra"osus
6$ >us!les o* the sha"k
a$ ;astro!"emius
b$ /A!hilles te"do"0
$ isse!t a"d study the digesti'e7 respiratory7 a"d uroge"ital systems o* a preser'ed *rog +
see pp$ 9-+9, /30,+3200 i" lab book + also see Figs$ 29+- /k"o4 all labels7 e)!ept eusta!hia"
tube a"d ope"i"g to 'o!al sa!++ might be di**i!ult to see07 29+. /k"o4 all labels07 a"d 29+,
/k"o4 all labels e)!ept mesor!hium7 mesotubarium7 4ol**ia" du!t7 a"d o'isa!0 i" lab
book $
19 (U89 to obser'e both the male a"d *emale reprodu!ti'e systems$
9$ isse!t a"d study the !ir!ulatory system o* a preser'ed *rog + see pp$ 99+202 /322+323 a"d
Figs$ 29+9 a"d 29+20 i" lab book$ 1e able to ide"ti*y the *ollo4i"g parts o* the !ir!ulatory
system:
2$ ?eart:
a$ Ve"tri!le
b$ Le*t a"d right atria
!$ Co"us arteriosus
d$ <ru"!us arteriosus
2$ Ve"ous system:
a$ %re!a'a /a"terior 'e"a !a'a0
b$ %ost!a'a /posterior 'e"a !a'a0
!$ ?epati! portal 'ei"
d$ Ve"tral abdomi"al 'ei"
e$ 8e"al portal 'ei"
3$ Arterial system:
3
a$ <ru"!us arteriosus
b$ Carotid ar!h
!$ (ystemi! ar!h
d$ %ulmo!uta"eous ar!h
e$ orsal aorta
*$ Celia!omese"teri! artery
g$ Commo" ilia! arteries
F$ 9)ami"e diagrams o* the *rog "er'ous system + see Figs$ 29+22 a"d 29+22 i" lab book +
+ try to *i"d the brai" a"d spi"al !ord$
;$ 8e'ie4 histology + Frog ski": p$ 26 /500 i" lab book$
2$ (imple s:uamous epithelium: (tudy slide @2 /*rog ski"7 outer layer7 *lat mou"t0 + see
Fig$ 6+2A i" lab book$
&<?98 A&<9( F&8 CLA8#F#CA<#&A+ B"o4 these terms !ommo"ly used 4he" "ami"g mus!les:
- re!tus - (means "straight"), usually runs along the long axis of the body
- tra"s'ersus - runs "a!ross", often at right angles to rectus
- obli:ue - at an angle
- tri!eps - has 3 heads (3 tendons of origin)
- bi!eps - has 2 heads of origin
- lo"gus - long muscles
- bre'is - short muscles
- mag"us or ma5or - large muscles
+ sartorius - Latin for "tailor" - name of the human muscle that is used to sit cross-legged (like a tailor)
- li"ea alba - "white line"
Also know -
- tri!eps *emoris is in 3 !arts
") 'astus i"ter"us - #entral side
2) 'astus e)ter"us - dorsal side
3) te"sor *as!iae latae (in some animals also called re!tus *emoris) - is the lateral !ortion that
inserts on the other 2 abo#e
$emind %eacher to clarify the circulatory system by !utting the following on the board (and maybe drawing a
diagram)
- the tru"!us arteriosis gi'es rise to 3 bra"!hes:
20 !arotid ar!h
20 systemi! ar!h
30 pulmo!uta"eous ar!h