THE NEW INTERPRETERS

DICTIONARY OF THE BIBLE: STYLE SHEET

The New Interpreters

Dictionary of the Bible

STYLESHEET FOR AUTHORS
SEPTEMBER 2008
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CONTENTS:
Audience 3
Range of Articles 3
NRSV 3
Word Studies and Semantics 3
Author's Own Work 3
Publication Format
!llustrations and !mages
Format of Articles "
Format for Articles on #iblical #ooks $
#ibliogra%h& $
Fonts and 'ransliteration (
Abbre)iations **
+ross References *
+a%itali,ation *
S%elling *"
-&%henation *.
!talics and +a%ital /etters *.
Scri%ture +itations *0
Primar& Source +itations *0
Archaegological Periods *(
N!1# Website2 3%loading Articles 4*
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Audience
'he N!1# audience is re%resented mainl& b& clerg&5 congregants5 and seminar& students6
'he %rimar& aim of this dictionar& is to %ro)ide aids for teaching and %reaching6 Where
%ossible5 an article should em%hasi,e the theological significance of a to%ic6
Range of Articles
'he article should co)er the full range of the to%ic from O' through N'5 including the
A%ocr&%ha6 References to non7canonical te8ts ma& be included where a%%ro%riate5 with
citation of %rimar& source6
New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
1iscussion should be based on NRSV occurrences of the assigned to%ic6 !f there are
se)eral different -ebrew and9or :reek terms re%resented b& the ;nglish word<s= used in
the NRSV translation5 discussion of the nuances is acce%table5 within the allotted word
count6
Word Studies and Semantics
'he challenge for the author of a #ible dictionar& article is to con)e& <within the allowed
word count= the di)erse semantic field of the gi)en to%ic while discussing )arious
inter%retations and theological nuances6
Authors Own Work
'he author should a)oid reusing his or her %re)iousl& %ublished work6 !f material has
a%%eared in %rint elsewhere5 the author ma& draw on the ideas and research but must
significantl& reword the writing for %ublication in the NIDB.
Authors should not merel& u%date and re)ise articles taken from other dictionaries5
whether it is their own work or not5 including the !1#6
!f reusing the author's own material is una)oidable2
> 'he author should remember that %ermission is sometimes needed to reuse or e)en to
re)ise his or her own work6 !f the author has alread& allowed a cha%ter or a significant
%art to a%%ear in %rint elsewhere?as a @ournal article5 for e8am%le?then written
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%ermission to re%rint it5 or u%date or re)ise it5 will need to be secured from the co%&right
owner of the other %ublication5 unless the author secured the right of reuse in the contract
with that earlier %ublisher6 'he law does not reAuire that the %rior %ublication be credited
in the new %ublication5 but it is common courtes& to gi)e credit B in a s%ecial list of
acknowledgements6C <Chicago Manual of Style 6.(=
Pulication !ormat
'he NIDB will a%%ear in two colors of ink5 with two columns of @ustified te8t on the
%age6 Articles should be submitted in single column and without font enhancements5
such as color5 borders5 or shading6 Please do not use an& other st&le e8ce%t DNormal5D as
the %ress will ha)e to reformat6
'he N!#1 will be %ublished in Weidemann #ook5 which most authors do not own5 so we
%refer 'imes New Roman for submissions6 'rim si,e and binding will imitate the N!#
+ommentar& set6 <For more information on Fonts5 see below6=
"llustrations and "mages
Line art illustrations ma& be submitted to accom%an& the Work as bm%5 tiff5 or @%eg files6
Do not include images or illustrations in your article. The web site will not upload
articles containing large graphic files. 'he Publisher ma& choose to recreate
the illustration to fit N!1# st&le6 /ine art illustrations are considered %art of the Work6

Photographs5 if submitted with the Work5 can be sent as %rints through %ostal mail <for
scanning=5 as high resolution files on disk <E!P5 +17R5 +17RW5 or 1V1=5 or can be
u%loaded to our F'P site66 !mages owned or shot b& the author to accom%an& the Work
must be warranted as >ro&alt& freeC and without an& other co%&right restrictions6 3se of
the %hotogra%hic image for %ublication in the N!1# would be non7e8clusi)e <%ermitting
the author to use it elsewhere=5 and final %ublication of the image <including ad@ustments
to si,e5 hue5 backlighting5 and other digital )ariables= is the decision of the Publisher6
!f &ou wish to include illustrations5 clearl& mark the location in the article where &ou
wish the illustration to a%%ear and %ro)ide the ca%tion and credits6 Please email -eather
FcFurra& hmcmurra&Gum%ublishing6org for instructions for using our F'P site6 !f &ou
do not own the illustration5 %lease %ro)ide credits and all %ermissions information in the
email6 We regret that we cannot %ublish all submissions5 due to s%ace and budget
limitations6
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!ormat of Articles
'he following structure indicates the %arts of a dictionar& article for the N!1#:
1. Title of article: ADAM <all ca%s=

2. Pronunciation of names or places2 Abingdon Press provide pronunciations.
3. iblical language e!ui"alent and transliteration2 Hmdf)f I )Ada/m J6
Please %ro)ide -ebrew < SP'iberian= and :reek <SP!onic= terms6 !f the -ebrew term
<with )owel %oints= for %ersons5 %laces5 or things occurs in the :reek in deutercanoncial
te8ts or the New 'estmanet5 %lease include the :reek term5 as well6
#. Transliteration: Use the SPAtlantis font and general-purpose transliteration
style from SBL Handbook of Style 5.1.2, 5.2, 5.3 [pp. 28-29].
For more details on transliteration, please see section on Fonts and Transliteration,
below.
;8am%le of main entr& line2
A$%&A$ uh7hi'@uh Hhyfxi)a 5 w%hyfxi)a I )Axia/ J6
;8%lanation2
ENTRY TITLE (Weidemann Medium font), pronunciation (press will supply
pronunciation from Harper's Pronunciation Guide), bracket, Hebrew font with
transliteration, semicolon, reek font with transliteration, bracket, period! "f there is
more than one example of a Hebrew or reek term, please separate with commas, as
in the example abo#e! $lease note that there is no punctuation between the ori%inal
lan%ua%e and transliteration6
5. Introduction: For long article, a compressed defnition in one paragraph or
sentence. For example: Old age in the #ible is a reward for the good life and a sign of
wisdom5 and the aged command res%ect6
6. Outline: For articles over 2000 words (shorter articles may also be outlined in
the body as subheads). For example:
A6 ;arliest 3ndis%uted Forms of the Al%habet
*6 North Semitic
a6 Phoenician
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b6 -ebrew
c6 Aramaic
46 :reek
36 South Semitic
a6 South Arabic
b6 North Arabic
#6 ;arliest Forms of Al%habetic Writing
+6 'he Order of the /etters and 'heir Names
16 'he Origin of the Al%habet
#ibliogra%h&
(. Main body of article6 'he dictionar& does not use footnote or endnote citations5 and
authors are to be discouraged from reciting the histor& of the academic literature6 Please
do not use direct Auotations6 Please do not use author7date7%age citations in the bod& of
the article6 'he audience assumes that the entr& summari,es known scholarshi%I
notations to indi)idual scholars and their work are unecessar& in the bod& of the article
and can be noted in the bibliogra%h&6
8. More than one subject under same topic. If you have been assigned a name that is
shared by more than one PERSON in the Bible, or a topic that is both a PERSON and a
PLACE, please write the article in list format, with the individuals in canonical order. A
prominent person can be given several paragraphs, while obscure persons might receive
only one line. Example:
A%&A$ uh7bi7K@uh Hhyf&bi)' J6 *6 A son of #echer5 and the grandson of #en@amin <* +hr
02$=6
46 'he daughter of Fachir <* +hr 424*= and wife of -e,ron5 a man from the tribe of Ludah6
After the death of -e,ron5 Abi@ah ga)e birth to Ashhur5 the father of 'ekoa <* +hr 424=6
36 'he second son of SAF3;/ <* Sam $24I * +hr .24$ H-eb6 .2*3J=6 When Samuel became
old5 he a%%ointed his two sons5 Abi@ah and his older brother Loel5 to ser)e as @udges in #;;RS-;#A6
-owe)er5 their corru%t beha)ior created much discontent among the %eo%le and led the elders of the
nation to demand a king to reign o)er !srael <* Sam $27"=6
6 A descendant of Aaron5 he was one of the leaders of the 4 courses or di)isions into which
the %riesthood was di)ided in the da&s of 1a)id <* +hr 42*MI see PR!;S'S AN1 /;V!';S=6
Eacharias5 the father of Lohn the #a%tist5 a %riest belonging to the di)ision of Abi@ah5 was ser)ing in the
tem%le when an angel of the /ord a%%eared to him </uke *2"=6
"6 A son of L;RO#OAF !5 and %robabl& the heir a%%arent of the first king of the Northern
Ningdom6 Abi@ah became gra)el& ill5 and Leroboam sent his wife in disguise to consult the %ro%het
A-!LA- of Shiloh concerning the healing of the child6 Ahi@ah announced the end of LeroboamOs
kingshi% and the com%lete e8termination of his d&nast&6 When LeroboamOs wife returned home5 Abi@ah
died <* Ngs *2*7*$=6
.6 'he second king of Ludah after the di)ision of the kingdom6 Abi@ah was the son of
R;-O#OAF5 and grandson of Solomon <* +hr 32*M=6 !n Nings he is called Abi@am <>F& Father is
PamC=5 a %ossible reference to Pam5 the West Semitic god of the sea <* Ngs *23*I *"2*7$=6 'he
1euteronomic -istorian also %ortra&s Abi@ah as an e)il king who did not follow in the wa&s of 1a)id
and whose reign was allowed because of :odOs %romise to 1a)id <* Ngs *"237"=6 According to the
+hronicler5 Abi@ah's )ictor& against Leroboam occurred because of his faithfulness to :od <4 +hr *3247
4*=6
Abi@ah was a%%ointed as the successor to the throne of Ludah during the lifetime of his father
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Rehoboam6 Rehoboam had man& children from his wi)es and concubines6 'hus5 Abi@ah was named the
successor in order to ensure a %eaceful transition to the throne6 Abi@ah became king in the eighteenth
&ear of Leroboam5 king of !srael5 and he reigned three &ears <4 +hr *42*.I *32*5 4=6 At the beginning of
his reign Abi@ah made an attem%t at bringing the ten tribes that com%osed the Northern Ningdom under
the control of Ludah <4 +hr *3237*(=6 !n the battle5 the arm& of Leroboam was twice the si,e of the arm&
of Abi@ah <* +hr *323=6 'he large numbers of soldiers in the two armies re%resent the +hroniclerOs )iew
that the )ictor& in the battle belongs to the /ord6
According to Abi@ah5 LeroboamOs war against Ludah was a war against >the kingdom of the
/ord in the hand of the sons of 1a)idC <4 +hr *32$=6 Abi@ah boldl& announced )ictor& because :od was
the one leading the arm& of Ludah <* +hr *32*4=6 While Abi@ah was s%eaking5 Leroboam attacked6
Abi@ah defeated Leroboam and took the cities of #ethel5 Leshanah5 and ;%hron6
06 'he wife of Ning A-AE of Ludah and the daughter of Eechariah5 Abi@ah was the mother of
Ning -;E;N!A- <4 +hr 4(2*=6 -er name a%%ears in 4 Ngs *$24 as Abi5 the abbre)iated form of the
name6
$6 One of the twent&7one %riests who affi8ed his signatures to the document made b&
Nehemiah in which the signatories %ledged to kee% the law <Neh *M20 H-eb6 *M2$J=6
(6 A %riest who returned from the #ab&lonian e8ile with Eerubbabel and Leshua the %riest
<Neh *42=6 Abi@ah was the father of Eichri5 who was one of the heads of the ancestral house of Abi@ah
in the da&s of LO!AN!F5 the high %riest at the time of ;,ra <Neh *42*0=6
). *ists
3se numbers in running te8t with single %arens2
'he word +hristian is found three times in the N'6 !n each instant5 it is used as a label for followers of +hrist
b& :entiles outside the mo)ement5 and ma& ha)e first been used in mocker& or ridicule6 !n Acts **24.5 /uke
notes that Dit was in Antioch that the disci%les were first called '+hristians6'D 'his suggests2 *= that the name
was first gi)en b& non7+hristians in a :entile milieuI 4= that b& the time Acts was written5 the name had
become more generall& usedI 3= that at that time5 +hristians more commonl& referred to themsel)es as
disci%les6
10. Cross references (as needed): See FISH; JOHN, GOSPEL OF; SHIPS AND SAILING
IN THE NT. The word "see" is in italics, the cross references are all caps and in
alphabetical order, separated by semi-colons. More information on cross references can
be found below. Please suggest cross references. The press will determine if an article
exists and add the cross reference.
11. Short Bibliography: Bibliographies are not required for articles under 500 words.
Cite only the most relevant or recent works. Bibliographic citations are included in the
word count (please see section on Bibliography below for more details).
11. Signature: Full name of author (Please verify spelling or change biography at
www.NewInterpreters.com, after logging in.)
Please double7check &our citations to biblical )erses before submitting the article6 ;rrors
in citation are b& far the leading cause of correction after %ublication6
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!ormat for Articles on #ilical #ooks
'he editorial board suggests that &our article contain the following seAuence while
commenting on a book of the #ible6 While we seek consistenc& for the articles in terms
of the %arts of this structure5 and we recogni,e that there ma& be o)erla% among the %arts
of the structure5 we assume that &ou will choose the methods and to%ics most a%%ro%riate
to &our a%%roach to &our book within Part !V <D1etailed Anal&sisD=6 Part V would be the
%lace to sum u% &our best @udgments about the theological or religious im%lications of the
book5 though &ou ma& also find it im%ortant to dis%erse some of this theological
comment in the other %arts of the article6

Name and o)er)iew of book
Outline of this article in the N!1#
1i)ision <structure of= the book
1etailed anal&sis2 including literar&5 cultural5 historical5 tradition7histor&5 and
other as%ects as a%%ro%riate
'heological and religious significance of the book
Short bibliogra%h& <to% commentariesI an occasional outstanding monogra%h=
#iliogra$h%
1. Articles of less than 500 words need not contain bibliography; we leave this to the
author's discretion.
2. Relevant and recent citations. In the interests of saving space, cite only the most
relevant and recent works. Avoid citing publications older than 1950, unless the work is
considered a classic in the feld. Include newer works that represent accumulated
scholarship and that will be helpful to an audience of generalists rather than specialists.
3. Word Count: Bibliographic citations are included in the total word count.
4. No dictionaries or encyclopedias. Please do not cite dictionaries or encyclopedias,
including the TDNT and TDOT.
5. Avoid foreign language publications. Monographs and articles not written in English
should be avoided, as our primary audience will not fnd them helpful.
6. Bibliographies containing more than one reference should be formatted as a
paragraph in alphabetical order by author's last name, but with frst name frst. Authors'
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names are listed fully each time they are used. Authors' name ends with period.
Separate entries with semicolons. Example:
(e#erly )oberts a#enta! The Acts of the Apostles! A*+, (-../)0
(e#erly )oberts a#enta! From Darkness to Light (1234)0 5uke +imothy
6ohnson! The Acts of the Apostles (122-)!
(. +o cities or publishing companies are listed5 in the interest of sa)ing s%ace6 Series
titles normall& are abbre)iated5 unless a standard abbre)iation is not known6
,. -eries. !nclude abbre)iations for commentar& series5 but not monogra%h series6
,ommentary series included7 8! 8! (ruce! Commentary on the
Book of the Acts *",*+ (1239)!
Fonogra%h series e8cluded2 6ohn ,arroll! !esponse to the "nd of
History#
"schatology and $ituation in Luke%Acts :(5;: 2- (1233)!
). .dited wor/s6 !nclude the editor's name of an edited collection6 ;8am%le2
#art 16 ;hrman6 D'e8tual +riticism in the New 'estament6D Hearing the New
Testament Strategies for Interpretation6 Loel #6 :reen5 ed6 <*(("= *40Q"6
10. &ournals. !nclude author5 article title5 abbre)iated @ournal title5 number5 &ear5 and
%ages6 <See S#/ -andbook $6 for abbre)iations of secondar& sources6= 1o not use a
comma or colon before the %age numbers6 ;8am%le2
,harles H! ,os%ro#e! <+he ;i#ine ;=" in 5uke>Acts!? &o'T -4
(123/) 143@2.!
11. .1amples of bibliographic format:
5o#eday Alexander! The Preface to Luke(s Gospel# Literary
Con'ention and $ocial Conte)t in Luke **%+ and Acts ** (122/)0
,! A! (arrett! A Critical and ")egetical Commentary on the Acts
of the Apostles ,%-,.! ",, (122B)0 ,! A! (arrett! A Critical and
")egetical Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles -.%--.,,,!
",, (1223)0 8! 8! (ruce! The Acts of the Apostles# The Greek Te)t
/ith ,ntroduction and Commentary /
rd
ed! (122.)0 8! 8! (ruce!
Commentary on the Book of the Acts# The "nglish Te)t /ith
,ntroduction0 ")position and &otes! *",*+ (1239)0 )ichard 6!
,assidy! $ociety and Politics in the Acts of the Apostles (1239)0
Hans ,onCelmann! Acts of the Apostles! Hermeneia (1239)0
,harles H! ,os%ro#e! <+he ;i#ine ;=" in 5uke>Acts!? &o'T -4
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(123/) 143@2.0 6oseph A! 8itCmyer! The Acts of the Apostles A(
/1 (1223)0 :usan arrett! The Demise of the De'il# 1agic and
the Demonic in Luke(s 2ritings (1232)! (e#erly )oberts a#enta!
The Acts of the Apostles! A*+, (-../)0 (e#erly )oberts a#enta!
From Darkness to Light7 Aspects of Con'ersion in the &e/
Testament (1234)0 5uke +imothy 6ohnson! The Acts of the
Apostles :$ 1 (122-)0 ail )! DE;ay! <Acts!? 2omen's Bi3le
Commentary! ,arol A! *ewsom and :haron H! )in%e, eds!
=xpanded ed! (1223) /2B@B.-0 "#oni )eimer )ichter! 2omen in
the Acts of the Apostles# A Feminist Li3eration Perspecti'e
(122F)0 (ruce Winter, ed! The Book of Acts in ,ts First Century
$etting (122/@24)!
!onts and &ransliteration
Please include the $ebrew and 2ree/ for e)er& entr&5 P/3S transliteration6 -ebrew
should include )owel %ointsI :reek should include accents and breath marks6 'he
following e8am%les are rendered in SP'iberia <-ebrew=5 SP!onic <:reek=5 and SPAtlantis
<transliteration=6 Please download these fonts from www6New!nter%reters6com6 A
ke&board diagram for these fonts is also %art of the download6 <S#/ is in the %rocess of
re%lacing these fonts6 We are not %lanning to change from the fonts we are currentl&
using6=
For e8am%le2 hyfxi)a 5 w%hyfxi)a I )Axia/ 6

Problem with using SP'iberian2 DSere6D A common %roblem is the inabilit& to make the
)owel Dsere6D 'o correct this %roblem5 go to the 'OO/S tab in Ficrosoft Word5 select
DAutocorrect5D then the last tab5 DAutoformat6D !n the middle of the menu5 find
DRe%lace5D and uncheck the bo8 that sa&s Dstraight Auotes with smart Auotes6D 'hen click
on the tab DAutoformat as &ou t&%e6D !n the middle of the menu5 find DRe%lace5D and
uncheck the bo8 that sa&s Dstraight Auotes with smart Auotes6D
'ransliteration will be in SPAtlantis font and will follow the :eneral7Pur%ose St&leR of
the SBL Han!"oo# of Style 5.1.2, 5.2, 5.3 [pp. 28-29]6 Some e8ce%tions ma& be
allowed in negotiation with the author5 and de%ending on im%ortance to the de%th of the
article6
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A//adian and $ittite can be transliterated using the :eneral Pur%ose st&le rules <see
SBL "6"5 %63M=6
NIDB editorial choices for issues left optional in SBL General Purpose Style:
Ale%h
A&in
S%irants2 transliterate the s%irant form
Va)2 w
Nhet2 kh
Vocal She)a2 e
#ecause diacritical marks sometimes bleed into %arentheses5 all %arentheses will be set in
roman font6
Areviations
1. iblical and +on3biblical citations: Follow SBL Han!"oo# of Style $63 <%%6 037$(=
for abbre)iating books of the #ible6 Note that %eriods are not used in these abbre)iations
<:en *2*Q4=6 Please follow S#/ $63 <%%6 037$(=5 A%%endi8 F <%%6 *0.7433= and
A%%endi8 - <%%6 43074.3= for non7biblical writings5 e8ce%t in the case of Rabbinic and
related writings <see S( below=5 for which we are using S#/ :eneral st&le6 See also SBL
$6 <%%6 $(7*"4= for a list of acron&ms for scholarl& works6
2. Masoretic Te1t2 When )erse numbers for the -ebrew <Fasoretic 'e8t= differ from
those in the ;nglish5 %lease list the ;nglish citation first and the -ebrew te8t following in
brackets5 with the abbre)iation D-eb6D Please use a %eriod after D-eb6D to distinguish it
from the #ook of -ebrews <-eb=5 abbre)iated without a %eriod6
Ps 32* H-eb6 324JI .3237 H-eb6 327"J
3. *442 Please use the abbre)iation /TT for references to the Se%tuagint6
#. 5T and +T. !n the te8t5 the words $l! Testament and New Testament are abbre)iated
<O' and N'=6 'hese5 howe)er are not abbre)iated in headings and subheadings6 All New
!nter%reter's brand %ublications use the words $l! Testament rather than He"rew Bi"le.
6. Dates: #+; and +; <set in small ca%s= instead of #6+6 and A616 <Note that NIDB st&le
does not include %eriods6= 'o create small ca%s5 highlight the letters to be changed5 then
go to FORFA' tab in Ficrosoft Word6 Select DFonts6D 3nder D;ffect5D check the bo8
DSmall +a%s6D
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D+entur&D is abbre)iated cent6 with numerals to indicate which centur&6 'hus2 *
st
cent6
+; or
th
cent6 #+;6 'o indicate a%%ro8imate dates5 %lease refrain from using the terms
DaroundD or Dabout5D and use instead Da%%ro8imatel&D or Dca6D for circa6 'hus2 ca6
th

cent6 #+;6
7. Distance: meter<s= U m and mile<s= U mi6
7. Abbreviations are acceptable in running text: i.e., etc., e.g., and the like. However,
avoid use of Cf. (Substitute with "compare.")
,. 1o not begin a sentence with an abbre)iation6
). Fishnah5 'almud5 and Related /iterature6 We are using abbre)iations that corres%ond
to the S#/ D:eneral Pur%ose St&leD of -ebrew6 Abbre)iations distinguish the )ersions of
the 'almudic tractates2 y. for Lerusalem and ". for #ab&lonian6 A %refi8ed t. denotes the
tractates of the 'osefta and an m. those of the Fishnah6 A %refi8ed "ar. denotes a baraita
<an authoritati)e 'annaitic rule e8ternal to the Fishnah=6
%"o!. &ar. %'o!ah &arah
%"ot %'ot
%ra#. %ra#hin
B. Bat. Ba'a Batra
B. Met(. Ba'a Met(ia
B. )am. Ba'a )amma
Be#. Be#horot
Ber. Bera#hot
Bet(ah Bet(ah *+ ,om To'-
Bi#. Bi##urim
Demai Demai
.ru'. .ru'in
.!. .!uyyot
/it. /ittin
Hag. Hagigah
Hal. Hallah
Hor. Horayot
Hul. Hullin
0elim 0elim
0er. 0eritot
0etu". 0etu""ot
0il. 0ilayim
Maas. S. Maaser Sheni
Maas. Maaserot
Ma#. Ma##ot
Ma#h. Ma#hshirin
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Meg. Megillah
Meil. Meilah
Menah. Menahot
Mi!. Mi!!ot
Mi#w. Mi#waot
Moe! Moe!
Moe! )at. Moe! )atan
Nash. Nashim
Na(. Na(ir
Ne!. Ne!arim
Neg. Negaim
Ne(. Ne(i1in
Ni!. Ni!!ah
$hal. $halot
$r. $rlah
Parah Parah
Peah Peah
Pesah. Pesahim
)innim )innim
)i!!. )i!!ushin
)o!. )o!ashim
2osh. Hash. 2osh HaShanah
Sanh. Sanhe!rin
Sha"". Sha""at
She'. She'iit
She'u. She'uot
Se!er Se!er
She1. She1alim
Sotah Sotah
Su##ah Su##ah
Taan. Taanit
Tami! Tami!
Tehar. Teharot
Tem. Temurah
Ter. Terumot
T. ,om Te'ul ,om
31. 31t(in
,a!. ,a!ayin
,e'. ,e'amot
,oma ,oma *+ 0ippurim-
&a"im &a"im
&e'ah. &e'ahim
&era. &eraim
'argumic 'e8ts
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Tg. $n1. Targum $n1elos
Tg. Ne". Targum of the Prophets
Tg. 0et. Targum of the 4ritings
5rg. Tg. 5ragmentary Targum
Sam. Tg. Samaritan Targum
Tg. Isa. Targum Isaiah
Tg. Neof. Targum Neofiti
Tg. Ps.67. Targum Pseu!o67onathan
Tg. ,er. Targum ,erushalmi
,em. Tg. ,emenite Targum
Tg. .sth. I8 II 5irst or Secon! Targum of .sther
Other Rabbinic Works
%'a!. %'a!im
%'ot. 2. Nat. %'ot of 2a""i Nathan
%g. Ber. %gga!at Bereshit
Ba". Ba"ylonian
Der. .r. 2a". Dere#h .ret( 2a""ah
Der. .r. &ut. Dere#h .ret( &uta
/em. /emara
/erim /erim
0allah 0allah
0allah 2a". 0allah 2a""ati
0utim 0utim
Mas. )et. Masse#htot )etannot
Me#. Me#ilta
Me(. Me(u(ah
Mi!r. Mi!rash
Pal. Palestinian
Pesi1. 2a". Pesi1ta 2a""ati
Pesi1. 2a" 0ah. Pesi1ta of 2a" 0ahana
Pir1e 2. .l. Pir1e 2a""i .lie(er
2a". 2a""ah
S. .li. 2a". Se!er .liyahu2a""ah
S. .li. &ut. Se!er .liyahu &uta
Sem. Semahot
Sef. Torah Sefer Torah
Sifra Sifra
Sifre Sifre
T(it. T(it(it
Sof. Soferim
S. $lam. 2a" Se!er $lam 2a""ah
Tanh. Tanhuma
Tef. Tefillin
,al. ,al1ut
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'ross References
-uggesting 8ross 9eferences: !f an authors wishes to use a cross reference but is not
sure the dictionar& will include the term5 the author should suggest the term5 and the %ress
will make the a%%ro%riate cross reference or e)aluate whether or not to add the term to
the dictionar&6 <We cannot guarantee that all suggested cross7references will be included6=
'a$itali(ation
!n titles of biblical writings5 the word "oo# is lowercased6 !n titles and headings5
ca%itali,e %re%ositions of " or more letters6
Follow SBL5 A%%endi8 A for ca%itali,ation5 but refer to this list below for some additional
terms or for instances where N!1# does not follow SBL6
annunciation
anti7Semitic
a%ocr&%hal
ark
ascension
atonement
#eatitudes5 the
#elo)ed 1isci%le
#ible
biblical
bread of hea)en
+hrist child
+hrist7e)ent
+hristendom
+hristian
christological
christolog&
church <uni)ersal=
+ommunion <eucharist=
communion <gathering=
the +reator
the cross
crucifi8ion
1a& of Atonement
1ead Sea Scrolls
1ecalogue <'en
+ommandments=
deuterocanonical
1euteronomistic -istor&
1euteronomistic -istorian
1ias%ora
the end time
eucharist
eucharistic
the e8ile
e8odus
book of ;8odus
the fall
Feast of 666
feminist theolog&
Festi)al of 666
the flood
Fourth :os%el
:odhead
godl&
the good news
the good Samaritan
the gos%el
:os%el of Fatthew
-ellenistic
high %riest
incarnation
incarnational theolog&
Lerusalem 'em%le
Ning of kings
kingdom of :od
the /amb of :od
last @udgment
last su%%er
law of Foses
the /aw <Pentateuch=
letter <not e%istle=
/etter to the Romans
liberation theolog&
/ogos <+hrist title=
/ordOs Su%%er
the Fessiah
messianic
midrashic
Fidrashim
Fishnah
non7+hristian
Northern Ningdom
<but the northern kingdom of
!srael=
Paraclete
the Parousia
the %assion
Pauline e%istle
Pastoral ;%istles
Pentateuch5 %entateuchal
%oste8ilic
%ostmodern
%ree8ilic
Priestl& tradition <P=
%rodigal son
Psalm 43
%salmist
%salter
the %salms
rabbinic
the Reformation
the Reformers
the resurrection
Sabbath
the Sanhedrin
Satan
satanic
Scri%ture
scri%tural
scrolls <as in 1ead Sea
scrolls=
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the Second +oming
Second 'em%le
Se%tuagint
Son of Fan
Southern Ningdom
S%irit <-ol&=
s%irit <human=
S&no%tic <noun=
s&no%tic <ad@6=
table
'almud
'anakh
the 'em%le in Lerusalem
the tem%le elsewhere <or used
as an ad@6=
tem%le ta8
trinitarian
'rinit&
unchristian
Wisdom <%ersonified=
wisdom literature
Word of :od
the Writings
Pahweh
S$elling
1. !n general8 NIDB st&le follows the s%elling con)entions of 4e"ster9s Collegiate
Dictionary8 ::
th
.!ition8 ;<<=. When more than one wa& of s%elling a word is %ossible5
the first choice in 4e"ster9s ::
th
is %referred6 Refer also to >+a%itali,ationC and
>-&%henationC abo)e6
2. 8ontractions. 1o not use contractions6
3. Preferred spellings of frequently used words.
descendant
frstborn
life-style
Lukan
Markan
twofold, threefold, etc.
unchristian
worldview
worshiped
worshiping
Yahweh*
*The term YHWH will be used only in discussions of the tetragrammaton.
)%$henation
*6 N!# %ublications %refer to de)iate from the SBL Han!"oo# on the names for deities6
.>. ;/ ;/PON +5T ;/7;/PON
2. Do not hyphenate adverbs ending in ~ly that are followed by an adjective, adverb, or
participle (ex., highly developed culture).
3. Most compounds that serve as adjectives modifying a noun are hyphenated.
Ex. historical-critical method biblical-theology movement
4. Compounds formed from unhyphenated proper nouns are not hyphenated.
Ex. Near Eastern countries Dead Sea Scrolls
ancient Near East African American history
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5. The NIDB prefers to hyphenate some of the words that Chicago says should be run
together. Words with the [prefxes] non-, pre-, and post- are hyphenated for clarity in
the NIDB.
Ex. anti-Semitic non-Christian
Christ-event
Christ-like
But: postexilic, preexilic
"talici(ation* 'a$ital +etters
Italics. Italics are used only for foreign words (excluding Greek, Hebrew, and other
Semitic languages), titles of publications, verse letters, and for words and terms when
they are used as examples in the text.
Example: fabula
</atin term=
;8am%le2 !n /OV;5 N' article2 D'he word lo'e is often used in the N'6D
<'he word lo'e is italici,ed because it refers to lo)e as a word6=
;8am%le2 :en 32*a
<)erse letters in italics=
.mphasis: 1o not use italic font5 bold font5 all ca%s5 underlining5 or other s%ecial font
effects for em%hasis6
8aps: ;ntr& titles and cross references are rendered in all ca%s6
Scri$ture ,uotations
:ormat:
Fatt *2*7*0 <use h&%hen to se%arate )erse numbers=6
Fatt *Q4 <use n7dash between cha%ters=
Fatt *2*0a <italici,e )erse letters=
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Follow SBL Handbook of Style 8.3 (pp. 73-89) for abbreviating books of the Bible. Note that periods
are not used in these abbreviations (Gen 1:12).
Translation:
The preferred translation is the NRSV. Authors occasionally use their own translations.
In such cases, NIDB style is to use the citation in parens, accompanied with the NRSV
translation (authors trans.; NRSV, Let God rise up).
Primar% Source 'itations
1. Ancient te1ts ;except +ag $ammadi< the Dead -ea -crolls< and rabbinic wor/s=.
3se the abbre)iations and citation st&le from SBL Han!"oo# of Style $63 <%%6 037$(= and
A%%endi8 - <%%6 4307.3= for Pseude%igra%ha5 Philo5 Lose%hus5 5 A%ostolic Fathers5 and
N' A%ocr&%ha5 with the e8ce%tion of 1ead Sea Scrolls5 Nag -ammadi te8ts5 and rabbinic
works6
2. +ag $ammadi. Refer to SBL Han!"oo# $636*4 <%%6 $47$3= for list of abbre)iations6
1o not use the code8 and treatise numbers listed in SBL6 3se the abbre)iation for the
codices followed b& a cha%ter and line number5 se%arated b& commas6
;8am%le2
+orrect2 %p. 7ohn 45 *M
!ncorrect2 %p. 7ohn !!5 :5 45 *M
3. Dead -ea -crolls: For scrolls that ha)e a number5 %lease use the number6 For scrolls
without a number5 %lease use the abbre)iation6 Please use the fragment <where
a%%ro%riate=5 column5 and line s&stem found in SBL Han!"oo# of Style $636"
+umberAbbre"iation +ame;s=
+1 +airo :eni,ah co%& of the Damascus Document
*Va% :en
ar
/enesis %pocryphon
*V-
a
Ho!ayot
a
or Than#sgi'ing Hymns
a
*V%-ab Pesher Ha"a##u#
*VF Milhamah or 4ar Scroll
*VS Sere# Hayaha! or 2ule of the Community
*V!sa
a
!saiah
a
*V!sa
b
!saiah
b
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*V4$a *VSa 2ule of the Congregation <A%%endi8 a to *VS=
*V4$b *VSb 2ule of the Blessings <A%%endi8

b to *VS=
3V*" Copper Scroll
V*0 V;8od7/e)
f
V44 V%aleo;8od
m
V$4 VT!!
g

V*4M V%a%/TT/e)
b
V*40 V%a%Para;8od gr Para.>o!us
V*0 VFlor <Fidr;schat
a
= 5lorilegium8 also Mi!rash on .schatology
a
V*0" V'est Testimonia
V*00 V+atena
a
<Fidr;schat
b
= Catena
a
8 also Mi!rash on .schatology
"
V*$M VAges+reat %ges of Creation
V*$4 V+atena
b
<Fidr;schatc= Catena
"
8 also Mi!rash on .schatology
c
V44 VPrNab ar Prayer of Na"oni!us
V4. Va%ocr1an ar %pocryphon of Daniel
V4"4 V+omm:en A Commentary on /enesis %8 formerl& Patriarchal
Blessings or Pesher /enesis
V4." VS1 Miscellaneous
V4.. V1
a
Damascus Document
a
V40 V'ohorot A Tohorot %
V4$" Sefer Hamilhamah
V4(( VF&sta Mysteries
a
V34M V+al1oc A Calen!rical Document %8 formerl& Mishmarot %
V3." VRP
c

s
2ewor#e! Pentateuch
c

V30$ Va%ocrLosh
a
%pocryphon of 7oshua
a
formerl& Psalms of 7oshua
a
V3( VFF'
a
Mi1sat Maase ha6Torah
a

VMM VShirShabb
a
Songs of the Sa""ath Sacrifice
a
V* VRitPur A 2itual Purity %8 formerl& Baptismal Liturgy
V*$ V!nstruction
a
Instruction
a
8 formerl& Sapiental 4or# %
a
V3 V#arki Nafshi
a
Bar#hiNafshi
a
V"M4 V%a%RitFar 2itual of Marriage
V"M3 V%a%PrVuot Pri?res 1uoti!iennes or Daily Prayers
V"M V1ib-am
a
Di"re Hame Oorot
a
or 4or!s of the Luminaries
a
V"M0 VPrFWtes
a
Pri?res pour les f@tes
a
or 5esti'al Prayers
a
V"*M VShir
a
Shirot
a
or Songs of the Sage
a
V"*4 V%a%RitPur # 2itual Purity B
V"4* VFessA% Messianic %pocalypse
V"4" V#eat Beatitu!es
**V" **VPs
a
Psalms Scroll
a
**V*M **VtgLob Targum of 7o"
**V** **VA%Ps %pocryphal Psalms
**V*3 **VFelch Melchi(e!e#
**V*$ **VNL ar New 7erusalem
**V*( **V'
a
Temple Scroll
a
Archaeological Periods
For the sake of consistenc&5 %lease conform to this guide when refering to archaeological
%eriods6
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A98$A.5*52%8A* P.9%5D DAT.-
/ower Paleolithic *5MM5MMMQ4"M5MMM #+;
Fiddle Paleolithic 4"M5MMMQ"5MMM #+;
3%%er Paleolithic "5MMMQ*$5MMM #+;
;%i%aleolithic <or Fesolithic= *$5MMMQ$53MM #+; <'he latter %art of this
%eriod5 from ca6 *45MMMQ(5.MM #+; 5 is often
called the >Natufian Period6C=
Pre7%otter& Neolithic <di)ided into Pre7
Potter& Neolithic AQ+=
$3MMQ""MM #+;
Potter& Neolithic <also with sub7%hases= ""MMQ"MM #+;
+halcolithic "MMQ33MM #+; <5MMMQ353MM also called the
>:hassulian PhaseC=
;arl& #ron,e Age ! A7# 33MMQ3MMM #+;
;arl& #ron,e Age !! 3MMMQ40MM #+;
;arl& #ron,e Age !!! 40MMQ44MM #+;
;arl& #ron,e Age !V <also called
>!ntermediate #ron,eC or >Fiddle #ron,e !C=
44MMQ4MMM #+;
Fiddle #ron,e Age ! 4MMMQ*0"M #+;
Fiddle #ron,e Age !! *0"MQ*."M #+;
Fiddle #ron,e Age !!! *."MQ*""M #+;
/ate #ron,e Age ! *""MQ*MM #+;
/ate #ron,e Age !! A *MMQ*3MM #+;
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A98$A.5*52%8A* P.9%5D DAT.-
/ate #ron,e Age !! # *3MMQ*4MM #+;
!ron Age ! A *4MMQ**"M #+;
!ron Age ! # **"MQ*MMM #+;
!ron Age !! A *MMMQ(MM #+;
!ron Age !! # (MMQ0MM #+;
!ron Age !! + 0MMQ"$. #+;
#ab&lonian and Persian Periods "$.Q334 #+;
-ellenistic Period 334Q.3 #+;
;arl& Roman Period .3 #+;Q*34 +;
/ate Roman Period *34Q34 +;
#&,antine Period and >/ateC sub7%eriods 34Q.3$ +;
;arl& !slamic <3ma&&ad and Abbasid= .3$Q*M(( +;
Fiddle !slamic <+rusader and A&&ubid= *M((Q*4(* +;
/ate !slamic <Fatimid and Famluk= *4(*Q*"*. +;
Ottoman Period *"*.Q*(*0 +;
Fodern Period %ost *(*0 +;
-$loading Articles to the N".# Wesite
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:o to www6newinter%reters6net and click Dlog inD at the to% right hand side of the %age6
3nder D'he New !nter%reter's 1ictionar& of the #ible5D select Dclick here6D
'he %age asks5 D!s this &our first )isitXD Select Dclick here5D or go ahead and log in6
!f this is &our first )isit5 enter &our email address5 and the website will send &ou &our
%assword6 <From the same log in %age5 &ou ma& download the fonts and st&le guide b&
selecting the a%%ro%riate items to Dclick6D=
When &ou ha)e recei)ed &our %assword5 log in with &our user name <email address= and
%assword6 Pou ma& change &our %assword5 if &ou so desire6
'he %age to which &ou are directed will gi)e &ou se)eral o%tions2 u%load an article5
download fonts5 etc6
'o u%load an article5 click beside D'o )iew and u%load manuscri%ts due from &ou5 click
here6D
Do not include images or illustrations in your article. The web site will not upload
articles containing large graphic files.
First5 make sure &our document is named correctl&5 in all ca%s2 A1AF6doc6 <Some
com%uters add a hidden e8tension to the name5 so that &our document has two D6docD
e8tensions on the end6 !f the article will not u%load5 the browser settings on &our
com%uter ma& ha)e to be changed to a)oid the addition of the hidden e8tension6=
Second5 close the document on &our com%uter6 'he website will not o%en a document that
is currentl& o%en6
+lick the D#rowseD button and locate &our document in &our files6 1ouble click on the
document name or click Do%en6D 'he document's location will a%%ear in the window
beside Dbrowse6D
+lick the Du%loadD button6 Pou will recei)e a message that the article was u%loaded
successfull&6
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