PERCEPTION

WE DONT SEE THINGS AS THEY ARE, WE SEE THINGS AS WE

ARE.
Perception
The st!" o# perception is concerne! $ith i!enti#"in% the process
thro%h $hich $e interpret &n! or%&ni'e sensor" in#or(&tion to
pro!ce or conscios e)perience o# o*+ects &n! o*+ect re,&tionship.
Perception is the process o# recei-in% in#or(&tion &*ot &n! (&.in% sense o# the
$or,! &ron! s. It in-o,-es !eci!in% $hich in#or(&tion to notice, ho$ to c&te%ori'e
this in#or(&tion &n! ho$ to interpret it $ithin the #r&(e$or. o# e)istin%
.no$,e!%e.
A process *" $hich in!i-i!&,s or%&ni'e &n! interpret their sensor" i(pressions
in or!er to %i-e (e&nin% to their en-iron(ent.
The Percept&, Process
/. Sens&tion
An in!i-i!&,s &*i,it" to !etect sti(,i in the i((e!i&te en-iron(ent.
0. Se,ection
The process & person ses to e,i(in&te so(e o# the sti(,i th&t h&-e
*een sense! &n! to ret&in others #or #rther processin%.
1. Or%&ni'&tion
The process o# p,&cin% se,ecte! percept&, sti(,i into & #r&(e$or.
#or stor&%e.
2. Tr&ns,&tion
The st&%e o# the percept&, process &t $hich sti(,i &re interprete!
&n! %i-en (e&nin%.
3&ctors in#,encin% perception
A number of factors operate to shape and sometimes distort perception. These factors
can reside in the perceiver, in the object or target being perceived or in the context of the
situation in which the perception is made.
Perceptual organization
It is the process by which we group outside stimuli into recognizable and
identifiable patterns and whole objects.
ertain factors are considered to be important contributors on assembling,
organizing and categorizing information in the human brain. These are
! "igure ground
! Perceptual grouping
"igure!#round Illustration
"ield!ground differentiation
The tendency to distinguish
and focus on a stimulus that
is classified as figure as
opposed to bac$ground.
P%&%PT'A( #&)'PI*#
)ur tendency to group several individual stimuli into a meaningful and
recognizable pattern.
It is very basic in nature and largely it seems to be inborn.
+ome factors underlying grouping are
!continuity
!closure
!proximity
!similarity
+hortcuts in judging others
Contr&st E##ect 4
%valuation of a person,s characteristics that are effected by comparisons with other
people recently encountered who ran$ higher or lower on the same characteristics.
Pro+ection 4
Attributing one-s own characteristics to other people.
Stereot"pin% 4
.udging someone on the basis of one,s perception of the group to which that persons
belongs.