Application week 5

Run Descriptives to describe your sample. See the APA manual for the types of things you will
want to include here. The first 10 variables (excluding ID) of the data set are all eligible for use
here. Be sure to save syntax and output (and make sure you are getting the correct descriptive
information, for example a mean for gender does not make sense).

To study the relationship between several variables and the amount of time spent helping a
friend, total 537 individuals were surveyed. The demographic distribution of these respondents is
shown in table (1).
Table 1:
Distribution according to personal demographic characteristics

Characteristic n %
Gender


FEMALE 325 60.5

MALE 212 39.5
Helper Occupation


PROFESSIONAL 132 24.6

SERVICE/SUPPORT 118 22.0

BLUE COLLAR 19 3.5

UNEMPLOYED/RETIRED 43 8.0

STUDENT 200 37.2

DTS 25 4.7
Marital Status


MARRIED 156 29.1

SINGLE 372 69.3

DTS 9 1.7
Number of Years in School


1-8 YR 3 .6

9-11 YR 7 1.3

12 YR 47 8.8

13-14 YR 104 19.4

15-16 YR 200 37.2

17-18 YR 110 20.5

19 OR MORE YR 66 12.3
Ethnic


CAUCASIAN 293 54.6

BLACK 50 9.3

HISPANIC 80 14.9

ASIAN 70 13.0

OTHER/DTS 44 8.2
Income


<15,000 73 13.6

<25,000 51 9.5

<50,000 106 19.7

>50,000 159 29.6

DTS 148 27.6
Type of problem Experienced


GOAL DISRUPTIVE 229 42.6

RELATIONAL BREAK 209 38.9

ILLNESS 86 16.0
CATASTROPHIC 13 2.4

Table (2) shows the descriptive statistics for demographic characteristics of the respondents
included in the study. The average age of respondents is 31.34 (SD = 14.016, min = 17, max =
89). The average number of persons living in the household is 3.06 (SD = 1.801, min = 0, max =
6). The average number of children is 0.33 (SD = 0.769, min = 0, max = 6)
Table 2:
Descriptive Statistics
n Min Max M SD
Age 537 17 89 31.34 14.016
Number of persons living in this
household
537 1 9 3.06 1.801
Number of Children 537 0 6 .33 .769
1. Complete question #4 in the exercises at the end of Chapter 14. This is really a problem
about material covered in Chapter 13. Save your syntax to the syntax file for this week,
and make sure you add the output to your output file. Note that the sample output gives
you estimated marginal means, but the textbook is not clear in THIS chapter how to do
this, although you should recognize the procedure. While you are in OPTIONS clicking
effect size and Descriptives, highlight and click the groups you want means for (in the top
of the box). While the output in the course does not contain any graphs, you are
encouraged to try these and see how a visual display can help you understand your data.
Results:
Hypothesis:
Factor: Gender (A)
H0: There is no significant difference in the Mean of Helper / Recipient in Males and Females.
H1: There is significant difference in the Mean of Helper in Males and Females.

Factor: Type of Problem Experienced (B)
H0: There is no significant difference in the Mean of Helper / Recipient according to Type of
Problem Experienced.
H1: There is significant difference in the Mean of Helper / Recipient according to Type of
Problem Experienced.

Interaction Effect (A x B)
H0: There is no significant interaction of two factors.
H1: There is a significant interaction between two factors.


Table 1:
Descriptive Statistics for Mean of Helper / Recipient (thelplnz)

Gender Type of Problem Experienced M SD n
Female
Goal Disruptive -.1492 .92945 119
Relational Break .2747 .82542 148
Illness .3722 .80681 51
Catastrophic .4758 .67835 7
Total .1391 .88466 325
Male
Goal Disruptive -.4086 1.00696 110
Relational Break -.0739 .92631 61
Illness .1313 .90169 35
Catastrophic .0238 .99984 6
Total -.2109 .98453 212



Table 2:

ANOVA Results

Source SS df MS F P
2

gender 2.650 1 2.650 3.591 .059 .007
Problem 26.988 3 8.996 12.187 .000 .065
Gender * Problem 1.123 3 .374 .507 .677 .003
Error 389.738 528 .738



Figure 1: Gender-wise mean time spent helping a friend with a certain problems.
The dependent variable (thelplnz) addresses time spent helping a friend with a certain problem
and is measured proportionately with a z-score scale of -3 to +3. Independent variables are
gender and problems (goal disruptive, relational break, illness, or catastrophe) are compared
accordingly. A 2x4 factorial ANOVA was performed to measure the effects of gender and type
of problem as compared to helping time. Descriptive statistics are presented in Table 1, as well
as having relative plotting in Figure 1. Table 2 provides ANOVA information in the following
statements. Results of ANOVA indicated no significant main effect for gender (F (1, 528) =
3.591, p > .05, partial
2
= .007), a significant main effect for problem (F (3, 528) = 12.187, p <
.01, partial
2
= .065), and a non-significant interaction between gender and problem (F (3, 528)
= .374, p = .667). No simple effects analysis was performed and there was no significance of the
interaction (George & Mallery, 2012). Levenes test for homogeneity of variance indicated no
significant difference for groups (George & Mallery, 2012). Females had a higher mean score
for time spent helping (M = .1391, SD = .88) compared to males (M = -.2109, SD = .98).
Participants spent the highest average time helping friends who had an illness (M = .2742, SD =
.85). Second highest average time was for a catastrophic event (M = .267, SD = .838). Third
highest average time was for relational break-up (M = .173, SD = .87). Lastly, the lowest
average reported time is for disrupted goal (M = -.2738, SD = .974).