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UNIT -1

MATRICES

PART –A

1 1 1
 2  ,
1. If A= 1 2 write down the sum of the eigen values of A and product of the
 1 2 3 
eigen values of A.
2. State Cayley-Hamilton theorem and give two uses of it.
1 2 3
4 6
3. Find the rank of the matrix 
5

7 8 9 
4 1
4. Given that A =  3 2 
, find the eigen values of A 3 .

2 5  1
0 2  .
5. Find the eigen value of A 1 , if the matrix A is  3
 0 0 4 
6. Find the index,signature and nature of the quadratic form x 1 2  2 x 2 2  3 x 3 2 .
7 4  4
4 8  1 
7. One of the eigen values of  is -9. Find the other two eigen values.
 4 1  8 
8. If the eigen values of the matrix A are 2,3 and 0, find the eigen values of 2A-I
and also find the eigen values of the inverse of (2A-I).
9. If the eigen values of the matrix A of the quadratic form are 0,1 &3, write
down the canonical form of this quadratic form and state its nature
a 4
10.Find the constants a & b such that the matrix 1 b 
has 3 & -2 as its eigen

value.
11.If A is an orthogonal matrix, show that A 1 is also orthogonal.
12.If 2,3 are eigen values of a square matrix A of order 2, express A 2 in terms of
A& I.
1 1 3
 
13. If X=   1 0 1
T
is the eigen vector of the matrix A=  1 5 1 , find the
3 1 1 

corresponding eigen value.
 6 2 2 
 2  1
14. The product of two eigen values of the matrix A= 
3 is 16. Find
 2 1 3 
the third eigen value.
15. If  1 ,  2 ...... n are the eigen values of an n*n matrix A, then show that
 1 3 ,  2 3 ,....... n 3 are the eigen values of A 3 .
1 0 0
3 2 0
16.Find the sum of squares of the eigen values of  .
0 6 3 
 8 6 2 
 6  4  , then find
17.If 3 & 5 are the two eigen values of 
7
 A.
 2 4 3 
2 2 0  1 0
2    
18. 6,3,1 are the eigen values of 5 0 . If  2  , 0  are the two eigen vectors
 
 0 0 3   0   1
   
then find the third eigen vector.
19. Write the matrix form of the quadratic form 2 x 2  8 z 2  4 xy  10 xz  2 yz .
1  2
20. Show that the matrix 2 1 
satisfies its own characteristic equation.

21.State Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
 1  2
22.Obtain the characteristic equation of  5 4 

23.Prove that the eigen values of  3 A 1 are the same as those of
1 2
A= 2 1 
.

24.If the sum of two eigen values and trace of 3*3 matrix A are equal,
find the value of | A | .
1 0 0
25.If A   1 0 1 , then show that A n  A n 2  A 2  I for n≥3 using
0 1 0 
CHT.
26. For what value of k, the vectors X=(1,2,3) Y=(2,-1,k) and Z=(1,0,-1)
are linearly dependent.
27. If the sum of two eigen values of a 3*3 matrix is equal to its trace.
Find its determinant value.
 3
28. If X   is the eigen vector of a matrix A,find the eigen vector
2
of A 1 .
29. Using Cayley-Hamilton theorem, is it possible to find the inverse of
all square matrices? Explain.
 3 1 1   1 
   
30. If one of the eigen vector of A   1 5  1  is 0  , then
 1 1 3    1 

find the corresponding eigen value.
31. If the eigen values of A are 2,3,4. Find the eigen values of Adj A.
32. If the product of the two eigen values of the matrix
1 0 0 
 
A  0 3  1  is 2 , find the third eigen value.
0 1 3 

33. True or false : “If A and B are two invertible matrices then AB and
BA have the same eigen values “.
34. If the sum of the eigen values of the matrix of the quadratic form
equal to zero then what will be the nature of the quadratic form .

35. A is a singular matrix of order three , 2 & 3 are the eigen values.
Find its third eigen value.
36. Find the eigen vector corresponding to the eigen value 1 of the matrix
2 2 1
A   1 3 1  .
 1 2 2 
37. Write down the matrix corresponding to the quadratic form
2 x 2  2 y 2  3 z 2  2 xy  4 xz  4 yz .
3 4 4
38. Find the sum and product of the eigen values of the matrix A   1 2 4  .
 1 1 3 

PART-B

 2 1 1 
  1
1. Verify CHT for A=   1 2 and hence find A 1 .
 1 1 2 
 3 1 1 
2. Reduce the matrix A   1 5  1 to a diagonal matrix by orthogonal
 
 1 1 3 
reduction.
3. Using CHT evaluate the matrix A8  5 A7  7 A6  3 A5  8 A4  5 A 3  8 A 2  2 A  I if
2 1 1
A  0 1 0  .
 1 1 2 
4. Reduce the quadratic form 6 x 2  3 y 2  3 z 2  4 xy  2 yz  4 zx to a canonical form
by orthogonal reduction.
5. Reduce the quadratic form x 2  3 y 2  3 z 2  2 yz to a canonical form.
2 1 1
0 0 
6. Find the characteristic equation of A= 
1 and hence express the matrix
 1 1 2 
A5in terms of A 2 , A & I .
7. Reduce 2 x1 x 2  2 x 2 x 3  2 x 3 x1 to a canonical form by orthogonal transformation.
2  1
8. Using CHT find A 1 and A 3  A6 if A= 5  2 
.

 1 2  2
 0  .
9. Verify CHT and hence find A 1 for A=   1 3
 0 2 1 
2 2 1
1 1 .
10.Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of 
3

 1 2 2 
11.Reduce the quadratic form below to its normal form by an orthogonal reduction
q= 3 x1 2  2 x 2 2  3 x 3 2  2 x1 x 2  2 x 2 x 3 .
4 1 1
1 1  .
12. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of  4
 1 1 4 
13. Find all the eigen values and eigen vectors of the matrix
 11 4 7
7 2  5 .
A=  
 10 4  6 
 7 2  2
 2 .
14. Using CHT find A 1 if A=   6 1

 6 2  1 
15. Reduce the quadratic form to canonical form by orthogonal
reduction 2 x1 2  6 x 2 2  2 x 3 2  8 x1 x 3 .
16. Reduce the quadratic form x 2  5 y 2  z 2  2 xy  6 zx  2 yz to
a canonical form by orthogonal transformation.
 13 3 5 
1  0 0  .
17. Using CHT find A if A=  4
  15 9  7 
 2 0 1
 
18.Diagonalise the matrix A= 0 3 0  through an orthogonal
 1 0 2 
transformation.
 2 1 2 
 1  1 .
19.Using CHT find A 4 and verify  2
 1 1 2 
20. If -1,1,4 are the eigen values of a matrix Aof order 3 and
 0 , 1 , 1 T ,  2 ,  1 , 1 T ,  1 , 1 ,  1 T are corresponding
eigen vectors, determine the matrix A.
21. Find the matrix Awhose eigen values are 3,6 and -9 and the
corresponding eigen vectors are
  2 , 2 , 1 T ,  2 , 1 , 2  T ,  1 , 2 ,  2  T respectively.
22. The eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are real numbers.
23. The eigen vectors corresponding to distinct eigen values of a real
symmetric matrix are orthogonal.
 4 6 6 
24.Two eigen values of A  1 3 2  are equal and they are
 
  1 5  2 
double the third. Find the eigen values of A 2
1 0 3 
25. Using CHT find A 1 if A=  2 1  1 .

 1 1 1 
1 0  1
26. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of A=  1 2 1 .

 2 2 3 
27.Reduce the quadratic form Q= 2 x1 x2  2 x1 x 3  2 x 2 x3 to a canonical form by an
orthogonal transformation.
 6 2 2 
28. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of A=   2 3  1 .

 2 1 3 
29. Reduce the quadratic form 2xy+2yz+2zx to a canonical form by an orthogonal
reduction. Find the rank, index, signature and the nature of the quadratic form.

****************
UNIT-3
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

PART-A

1. Find the radius of curvature at x=/2 on the curve y=4 sin x - sin
2x.
2. For the curve x 2  2c( y  c ) find the radius of curvature at (0,c).
3. For the curvature at (3,-4) to the curve x 2  y 2  25.
4. Find the curvature of x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  1  0..
5. For the curve y 2  ( a 3  x 3 ) / x find the radius of curvature at (a,0).
6. Find the curvature of the curve 2 x 2  2 y 2  5 x  2 y  1  0.
7. Find the envelope of family of straight lines y=mx + (a/m), where
m is a parameter.
8. Find the envelope of family of straight lines x cos +y sin =6,
where is a parameter.
9. Find the envelope of family of circles ( x   )2  y 2  4 ,  being the
parameter.
10. Define Evolutes.
11. Write any two properties of evolutes.
12. Find the envelope of family of straight lines x cos  +y sin 
= a sec  , where  is a parameter.
13. Find the envelope of y cot 2   x  a cos ec 2  0 , where  is a
parameter.
14. Find the radius of curvature at y=2a on the curve y 2  4 ax .
15. Define the curvature of a plane curve.
16. Find the radius of curvature of the curve y=c log (sec (x/c)).
17. Find the envelope of x 2  y 2  ax cos  by sin  0 , where  is a
parameter.
18. Find the radius of curvature of y  e x at x=0.
19. Find the radius of curvature of any point (x,y) on
 x
y   log sec  .
 
20. Find the envelope of the family given by x=my+(1/m),m being
the parameter.

21. Find the radius of curvature at x  2 on the curve y  4 sin x .
22. Find the co-ordinates of the centre of curvature of the curve
y  x2 at the point ( 1 ,1 ).
PART-B

1. Find the evolute of the parabola y 2  4 ax considering it as the


envelope of normals.
2. Find the equation of circle of curvature at (c,c) on xy  c 2 .
3. Find the radius of curvature at any point (x,y) on the curve
2 2 2
ax  2  3  x   y
y , show that         .
a x  a   y  x

4. Find the radius of curvature of the curve r  a( 1  cos ) at =/2.


5. Find the circle of curvature at (3,4) on xy=12.
6. Find the envelope of y cos -x sin =a cos 2, where is a
parameter.
2 2 2
7. Find the evolute of the four cusped hypocycloid x 3  y 3  a 3 .
8. Find the radius of curvature at (a,0) on the curve xy 2  a 3  x 3 .
2 2
9. Find the radius of curvature at (1,1) to the curve x 3  y 3  2.
10. P.T the envelope of family of straight lines y  mx  2am  am 3 is
y 2  4 ( x  2 a )3 .

11. Find the locus of centre of curvature of the parabola y 2  4 ax .


x y
12. P.T the envelope of a  b  1 where the parameters a and b are
connected by a+b =c is x +y =c.
13. Find the centre of curvature of the curve x +y =a at
(a/4 ,a/4 ).
14. Find the point on the parabola y 2  4 x , at which radius of curvature
is 4 2 .
x2 y2
15. Find the equation of the evolute of the ellipse   1.
a2 b2
3
16. Find the envelope of the the family of curves y  mx 
2m
, where
m is the parameter.
a a
17. Find the circle of curvature at ( , ) on
4 4
x  y  a.

18.

***********
UNIT-V
MULTIPLE INTEGRALS

PART A

1. Find the limits for the integral  R f ( x , y )dxdy over the region R bounded by
y 2  4 ax and x 2  4 ay .
a a2  x2
2. Evaluate   dydx .
0 0

3. Evaluate 
V
dxdydz ,
V is the volume of the tetrahedron, vertices are (0,0,0),
(0,1,0),(1,0,0),(0,0,1).

111
4. Evaluate    ( 4 x  y )dzdydx .
000
11
5. Change the order of integration in   dydx .
0 x
ab
6. Evaluate   ( x  y )dxdy .
00
a a2  x2
7. Evaluate   dxdy .
0 0
2x
8. Change the order of integration in   f ( x , y )dydx .
00
ab dxdy
9. Find the value of   xy .
11
2 x2
10. Evaluate   dxdy .
1 x
5
4
11. Evaluate   r sin drd .
00
12. Evaluate  dxdy over the region bounded by x=0, x=2, y=0, y=2.
1  2
13.Evaluate    ddzd .
 0 z   2  0
1 1 x
14. Evaluate   ydydx .
0 0
123
15. Evaluate    xyzdzdydx .
000
aa x2
16. Evaluate by changing to polar co-ordinates the integral   dxdy .
0y x2  y2
232
17. Evaluate    xy 2 zdzdydx .
011

18. Evaluate  xyzdxdydz taken throughout the volume for which
x , y , z  0 & x 2  y 2  z 2  9.

19. Find the area of the circle of radius ‘a’ by double integration.
12
20. Evaluate   x( x  y )dydx .
01
 2 sin 
21.Evaluate   rddv .
0 0
22. Using double integration find the area enclosed by y  2x2 , y2  4 x.

23. Using double integration find the area enclosed by y  x2 , y  x.


3 1 xy
24. Evaluate    xydzdydx .
11 x 0
0 a a2  y2
25. Evaluate by change the order of integration in f  xydxdy .
a a a2  y2
aa
26. Transform into polar coordinates the integral   f ( x , y )dxdy .
0 y
27. Why do we change the order of integration in multi integrals?
Justify your answer with example.
28. Sketch roughly the region of integration for the following double
a a2  x2
integral   f ( x , y )dxdy .
0 0
29. Express the volume bounded by x  0, y  0,z  0 and
x2  y2  z2  1 in triple integration.

PART B

2 4 x2
1. Change the order of integration and evaluate   ( x  y )dydx .
1 0
 e y
2. Change the order of integration and evaluate   y
dydx .
0 0
aa xdydx
3. Change the order of integration and evaluate   .
0 y x2  y2
4. Evaluate  xy( x  y )dxdy over the area between y=x, y  x2 .

5. Evaluate 
V
dxdydz ,
V is the volume enclosed by the cylinder x2  y2  1 and
the planes z = 0, z = 2- x.
x2
x
6. Change the order of integration and evaluate   xe
y
dydx .
00

a a2  x2 a2  y2  x2
7. Evaluate    xdxdydz , transforming the variable.
0 0 0
aa xdxdy
8. Evaluate   , by changing the order of integration.
0y x2  y2
1 2 x2 x
9. Change the order of integration and evaluate   dxdy .
0 x x  y2
2

10. Evaluate  xydxdy over the circle x2  y2  a2 .


 2  y2 
x  x2
11.Evaluate  e dxdy and hence evaluate e dx .
00 0
aa
12. Change the order of integration and evaluate   ( x 2  y 2 )dxdy .
0x
1 2 x
13. Change the order of integration and evaluate   xydxdy .
0 x2
1 2 y
14. Change the order of integration and evaluate   xydydx .
0 x

1 1 x 2 1 x 2  y 2
dxdydz
15. Evaluate    .
0 0 0 1  x2  y2  z2
4 2
2 2
16. Evaluate   ( x  y )dxdy changing the order of integration.
1 y

17. Evaluate  xdxdy over the positive quadrant of the circle x2  y2  a2 .


4 a 2 ax
18. Change the order of integration and evaluate   xydydx .
0 x 2 4a

11
19. Change the order of integration and evaluate   ( x 2  y 2 )dydx .
0x

20. Evaluate  x 2 ydxdy over the first quadrant x2  y2  1.



dxdy
21. By changing to polar co-ordinates, evaluate 
x  y 2  z 2 )2
2
.
00(

22.Find the area of the cardioid r  a ( 1  cos ).

x y z
23. Find the volume of the tetrahedron bounded by the plane   1 and the co-
a b c
ordinate plane.
24. Find the volume of the sphere x2  y2  z2  a2 using triple integrals.
2 a 2 ax  x 2
25. By changing to polar co-ordinates, evaluate   ( x 2  y 2 )dxdy .
0 0
1 2 x
26. Change the order of integration   f ( x , y )dydx .
0 x2

27. Using the transformation y 2  ux , x 2  vy , find the area of the region bounded by
the parabola y 2  ax , y 2  bx , x 2  cy , x 2  ey , a>b>0, c>e>0.

28. Evaluate  ( 1  xy )dxdy in the region bounded by the line y=x-1 and the
parabola y 2  2 x  6.
3
4 16  x 2
4
29. Change the order of integration in   xdydx and evaluate it.
0
0

30. Find the volume bounded by the cylinder x 2  y 2  4 , x  y  4 , z  0.

***************
UNIT-4

FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES

PART-A
du
1. Find , if u  x3 y2  x2 y3 , where x  at 2 , y  2 at , using partial derivatives.
dt
 ( u ,v , w )
2. If u= x-y, v =y-z , w =z-x , find .
( x , y , z )
( x , y )
3. If u= x+ y , y = uv find the Jacobian  ( u , v ) .
dy y
4. Find when f ( x , y )  log( x 2  y 2 )  tan 1 ( ).
dx x
dy
5. If e y  e x  xy  0 find .
dx
( x , y )
6. If x=rcos  , y  r sin , find  ( r , ) .
u  u  u
7. If u=F( x-y, y-z , z-x ) prove that    0.
x y z
8. Find the stationary points of the function f ( x , y )  x 3  y 3  12 xy .
 ( u ,v , w )
9. If u,v,w are functions of independent variables x,y,z and  ( x , y , z ) =4. Find the
 ( 2 u ,2 v ,2 w )
value of .
( x , y , z )
10. Find the stationary points of x 2  xy  y 2  2 x  y .
 ( u ,v )
11. Find  ( r , ) , if u  2 xy , v  x 2  y 2 , x  r cos , y  r sin .
12. State sufficient conditions for a function of two variables to have an extremum at a
point.
13. Define Jacobian in 2 dimension.
df
14. If f ( x , y )  x 2 log( xy ) & x 3  y 3  3 xy  1 , find .
dx
( x , y )
15. If v  2 xy , u  x 2  y 2 , then find the value of  ( u , v ) .
y2 x2 ( x , y )
16.If u
x
&v 
y
then find  ( u , v ) .
dy  y 2  xy log y
17.If xy  yx then prove that  .
dx xy log x  x 2
18.Find first and second derivatives of z  x 2  y 2  a 2 y .
19. If u  x 2  2 y ,v  x  y , then J=__________.
20. The f unctional determinant between Cartesian and cylindrical polar co-ordinates is
________.
21. Define Maxima and Minima of a function.
du x
22. Find given u  sin( x2 + y2 = a2.
y and
)
dx
( x , y , z )
23. For the relations x + y + z = u, y + z = uv and z = uvw, find  ( u , v , w ) .
du x
24. Find when u  sin( y ) , x = et , y = t2
dt
du x
25. Find if u  ( y ) , where x= et, y = log t
dt
2x  y y
26. Find out the Jacobian of the transformation u = ,v  .
2 2
y z u u u
27. If u =  , find the value of x  y z .
z x x y z
r
28. If x = r cos  , y = r sin  . Find interms of 
x
29. Find the stationary point of z = x2 – xy + y2 – 2x + y.
dz
30. If z = sin 1 ( x  y ), x  3 t , y  4 t 3 find
dt
31. Find the minimum value of F = x2 + y2 subject to the constraint x =1

32. Find the stationary points of f(x,y) = x3+3xy2-15x2-15y2+72x.


x x u u
33. If u  sin  1 ( )  tan  1 ( ), prove that x  y  0.
y y x y

PART-B

1. Find the minimum value of xy2z2 subject to x + y + z = 24.


dz
2. If z = x2  y2 and x3 + y3 + 3axy = 5a2, find the value of , when x = a and y =
dx
b.
3. Find the maximum and minimum values of x3 + y3 - 3x – 12y + 20.
4. Find the shortest distance from the origin to the hyperbola
x2 + 7y2 + 8xy =225, using the method of Lagrangian multiplier’s.
5. A rectangular box open at the top is to have a volume of 32 cc. find the dimensions
of the box that requires the least material for its construction.
6. Find the minimum values of x2yz3 subject to 2x + y + 3z = a.
7. Using the method of Lagrangian multiplier’s, Find the maximum capacity of a
rectangular tank, open at the top, if the surface area is 108 sq, m.
yz zx xy ( x , y , z )
8. If u  x , v  y , w  z , find  ( u , v , w ) .
x2  y2 u u
9. If u  sin  1 [ ] prove x  y  tan u .
x y x y
10. Investigate the maxima and minima, if any, of the function y2 + 4xy +
3x2 + x3.
11. Prove u = x + y + z, v = xy + yz + zx, w = x2 + y2 + z2 are
functionally dependent and find the functional relationship between
them.

12. The temperature at any point (x, y, z) in space is T = kxyz2 where k is


a constant. Find the highest temperature on the surface of the sphere
x2 + y2 + z2 = a2.
13. If z = f (x, y) and u, v are two variables such that u = lx + my,
v = ly–mx, prove that
2z 2z 2 2 2z 2z
+ 2 = (l + m ) [ + ].
x 2 y u 2 v 2

14. Find the extreme value of the function U = x2 + y2 + z2 subject to


the condition ax + by + cz = P.
15. Find the volume of the greatest rectangular parallelopiped inscribed
in the ellipsoid whose equation is ( x2 / a2 )+( y2 / b2)+ (z2 / c2 ) = 1.
16. If z = f ( x, y) and x = r cos  , y = r sin  Prove that
z 2 z 2 z 2 z 2
( ) ( ) ( )  1 / r2( )
x y r 
17. Examine the function f (x, y) = x3 y2 (12-x-y) for extreme values.
18. The temperature at any point u(x, y, z) in space is u = 400xyz2.
Find the highest temperature on the surface of the sphere
x2 + y2 + z2 =1.
19. A flat circular plate is heated so that the temperature at any point
(x, y) is u (x, y) = x2+ 2y2 -x.
20. Find the maximum and minimum values of x2 + y2 –xy -2x +y.
x4  y4  2u  2u 2
2  u
21. If u = tan -1
( x y ), find the value of x 2 x 2
 2 xy
xy
 y
y 2
.
22. If z = f ( u,v) and u = x2 – y2 , v = 2xy show that
2z 2z 2 2 2z 2z
  4 ( x  y )[  ]
 x 2 y 2 u 2 v 2
23. A rectangular box open at the top is to have a volume of 256cc.Find the
dimension of the box that requires the least material for its construction.
24. Find the extreme value of 2(x2 -y2) – x4 + y4
25. Find the maxima and minima of x4 + y4 - 2 x2 + 4xy – 2y2
du
26. If u = x2 + y2+z2 and x = et, y = et sint, z = et cost, find without
dt
actual substitution.
27. Show that the points on the surface x2yz = 1, nearest to the origin are at a
distance 23/4 from it.
28. Using Lagrange’s multiplier’s method, Show that the stationary value of
1 1 1
a3x2 + b3y2 +c3z2 when   1 is at ax = by = cz.
x y z
29. Investigate maximum and minimum value of 3(x2 – y2) – x3 + y3.
30. Show that if the perimeter of a triangle is a constant, the triangle has
maximum area when it is equilateral.
31. Find the Jacobian of y1, y2, y3 with respect to x1, x2, x3 if
x2 x3 x x x x
y1  , y2  3 1 , y3  1 2 .
x1 x2 x3
32. Show that the shortest distance from the origin to the curve
x2+ 8xy + 7y2 = 225 is 5.
 2u  2u  2u
33. If u = (x2 + y2 + z2) -1/2 prove that 
x 2 y 2
 2 0
z
34. Investigate maximum and minimum of z = xy( 3-x-y)
35. Find the minimum value of x2+ y2 + z2 with the constraint
xy + yz + zx =3a2.
x, y,z
36. If u = x + y + z, uv = y +z , uvw = z. find J(
u ,v , w
).

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