UNIT 37: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM SECTOR

The Travel and Tourism Sector A/601/1740

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LO1 Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector


Understand the history and structure of the travel and tourism sector History: pilgrimages, the
grand tours, post industrial revolution, post war, current; factors facilitating growth eg
technology, time, money, freedom of movement, infrastructure, social conditions; possible future
developments eg sustainability Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services;
conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation services; passenger transport;
relationships and links, levels of integration; Liepers tourist system, chain of distribution; private,
public and voluntary sectors


1.1 explain key historical developments in the travel and tourism sector


1.2 explain the structure of the travel and tourism sector

LO2 Understand the influence of local and national governments and international
agencies on the travel and tourism sector

Understand the influence of local and national governments and international agencies on the
travel and tourism sector Influence: direct, indirect; economic policy, political change, planning
to minimise negative effects of tourism Government: levels eg local, regional, national,
European Union; Government sponsored bodies, regional tourist boards; functions,
interrelationships International agencies: agencies eg United Nations, World Tourism
Organisation, World Travel and Tourism Council, International Civil Aviation Organisation,
International Air Transport Association; functions, interrelationships with governments


2.1 analyse the function of government, government sponsored bodies and international
agencies in travel and tourism

2.2 explain how local and national economic policy influences the success of the travel
and tourism sector


2.3 discuss the implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in
different countries



LO3 Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism sector

Understand the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism sector Demand:
demographics; technological; emerging economies; political stability; changing work patterns
and workforce; environmentalism; globalisation; macro-economics eg influence of currency
exchange rates, interest rates, inflation, level of disposable income Supply: provision eg
accommodation, tour operators, quality, service, types of products, seasonality, technology
intermediaries, sustainability


3.1 explain factors affecting tourism demand

3.2 explain how supply has changed to meet the effects of demand


LO4 Understand the impacts of tourism



Understand the impacts of tourism Positive: economic eg direct and indirect income, direct and
indirect employment, multiplier effects, contribution to gross national product, influence on the
growth of other sectors within the economy, generation of foreign exchange and government
revenues; environmental eg conservation and enhancement of natural areas, historic and
cultural sites, infrastructure improvement, increasing environmental awareness by tourists and
host communities; social eg conservation/preservation of cultural heritage, cross cultural
exchange and education Negative: economic eg leakage, inflation, seasonality,
overdependence; environmental eg pollution, damage to natural and built environment, wildlife,
water overuse, waste disposal; social eg loss of amenity to host community, overcrowding,
commercialisation of culture, reinforcement of stereotypes, loss of authenticity, rise in crime


4.1 evaluate the main positive and negative economic, environmental and social impacts
of tourism

4.2 explain strategies that can be used to minimise the negative impacts while
maximising the positive impacts



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