MAST cell degranulations: Cromolyn, Nedocromil(preventative)

Leukotriens: leukast (blocks LTP4) Zileutin (Lipoxygenase)

No problems
MAB is monoclonal antibodies (IgE antibody) omalozunab
Allergy reaction

Methylxanthines {Thiophylline}
Cardiotoxicity (arrthymia), neuro(seizures)
(cytochrome p450 metabolism) (increase cAMP) (any cardics/neuro)

B2 agonist Albuterol (short), Sal and For (Long)

Muscarinic Agonist (Ipratropium) M3-(Gq) coupled protein {Anti-DUMBBELSS}

Corticosteroids (-sone) (solone {IV})
Phospholipase A2 Inhibitor (COX2 inhibitor/aracdonic acid)
Inactives NF-kB (Inhibits TNF-alpha)
Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Candidiasis (Oral Thrush), Avascular
necrosis of Femur, Osteoporosis (long term use), Shuts down adrenal gland
(Addison dsx Low Na+, High K+, High H+)

Albuterol is a must in all asthma pts.

COPD is irreversible. Give albuterol for a quick effect
Chronic Bronchitis (Blue bloaters) (large lungs, smoking, cough for 3mo for
2yo straight
Emphysema (Pink puffers) Hyperinflation of lung alveoli,
H1 blocker in lungs
- 2
nd
generations do not cross CNS BBB (no sedation) (-adine except
cetirizine)
- Type 1 for Pilots, Cab drives due to sedations (anti-cholinergic side
effects) [en/ine or en/ate]
Guaifenesin
- Thins mucous
N-acetylcysteine
- Mucolytic (breaks down mucous)
- Acetaminophen toxicity
Dextromethorphan
- Codeine-like effects
- Naloxone (Over dose)
- NMDA receptors
Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine (D for decongetion) Claritine D
- Must be prescribed in States
- Common cold
- Hypertension (alpha-1-agonist)
GIT

H2 blockers (-dine)
- Histamine blockers (reversible)
- Acid reflex
- PUD, gastritis, GERD
- Cimetidine (cannot give any other drugs due to interactions w/ P450
{inhibition} will increase the drug in the blood) cause gynecomastia,
impotence
PPI (-prazole)
- H+/K+ATPase inhibits
- PUD, gastritis, GERD, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Bloody diarrhea due to C.Diff (Metronidazole/Vanco) infections
- (OAC Omeprazole, Amoxicillin(Metro), Calithromycin H.Pylori)
Bismuth, Sucralfate
- Increase Mucous (Bismuth)
- Makes a jell on ulcer base ( Sucralfate)
- Bismuth can be interchanged for omeprazole
Misoprostol
- PGE1 analog,
- Decrease acid, increase production and secretion of gastric mucous
barrier
- Contraindicated in pregnancy (causes abortion)
Octreotide
- Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea
MgOH
- cause Diarrhea
CaCO3
- Hypercalcemia
Aluminum causes Constipation

Osmotic Laxatives
- Draws the water out
- Diarrhea (S/E)
- Lactulose (tx: for hepatic encephalopathy due to increase ammonium)
Docusate
- Used as a stool softener
- Mostly used in hospitals
Influximab
- MAB (Monoclonal AB)
- Reactivates TB (must do ppd test)
- TNF-alpha inhibits (Eternacept)
- IBD, or Crohn or U.C
Sulfasalazine
- Sulfa allergies

Ondansetron (only chemo or post operative)
- 5HT antagonist, Antiemetic
- Prevents vomiting
- Use promethazine (non cancer pts)
Metoclopermide
- Dopamine-2 receptor antagonist
- Parkinson-like side effects
- Pro-motility
- USED for Diabetic gastroporesis (Bloating, diarrhea, constipation)
Antidiarrheal
- Opioid like symptoms (Loperamide)
- Never give to bloody diarrheal pt (C. DIFF)

Endocrine

Diabetes
- Type 1 insulin
o Lispro and aspart (Rapid acting)
o NPH and Glargine (intermediate)
- Type 2
o Metformin (not give renal failure)
o Sulfonylurea (not given in type 1, Increases release of insulin from
Beta cells)
1
st
generations (Tol and chlor) cause Disulfaram like rxn
Gives hangover
2
nd
generations (Glyburide, )
Hypoglycemia
o Glitazones
Pioglitazone, rosigliatazone
Bind to PPAR, nuclear transcription regulator increase
insulin sensitivity
Edema (weigth gain) no liver, heart, or obese pts
o Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
Brush border of intestine (inhibits it)
Causes diarrhea, flatulence, looks like lactose intolerance
o GLP-1 analog
Exentide
Increase insulin by decreasing glucagon
o DPP4 inhibtors
(-gliptin)
Dipeptidalpeptidase 4 inhibitors
Decreases glucagon
o Amylin analogs
Decreases gastric emptying, decrease glucagon
Thyroids
- Hypothyroidism (TSH increase, T3/T4 low)
o Levothyroxine (T4)
Tachycardia, heat intolerance, tremors
- Hyperthyroidism (T3/T4 high, TSH normal)
o Propylthiouracil (PTU) methimazole
Inhibiting thyroid peroxidase which decrease thyroid
hormone
PTU blocks Deiodinase (peripheral conversion of T4T3)
PTU given in pregnancy
Methimazole not given in pregnancy
Agranulocytosis Check WBC count before giving PTU
Hypothalamic/Pitutary drugs
- GH
o Hormone deficiency
- Somatostatin
o Any hormonal increase
- Oxytocin
o Stimulates labour, milk secretion,
- ADH (DDAVP)
o Central DI (Polydipsia, Polyuria)
Missing ADH receptors
Demeclocyclin
- Too much ADH
- SIADH
- Urine will be very concentrated