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in silicon solar
cell at 40, what is the voltage generated?
Solution:
V = ?
T = 313
k =
J
e =
Coulomb
V =
V =
V =
[12.737]
V = (
) (
)
V = 0.068 V
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Question 4 a
(a) Complete the table. Make conjecture regarding the relationship between
and V.
0 1 5 10 50 98 1 000 10 000 99 540
v
0 0.0185 0.048 0.064 0.105 0.123 0.185 0.246 0.308
Conjecture : When
, when
= 5
V =
0.048 =
(
0.048 =
(
=
(
0.0268 =
(
0.0268 (
4.31212 x
= 312.472
312
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
The value of
, when
= 1000
V =
0.185 =
(
0.185 =
(
=
(
0.0268 =
(
0.0268 (
4.31212 x
= 312.472
312
Since
=
= 10
Solution :
V =
V =
(
V =
(
V =
(
V = 0.064 V
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
When
= 10 000
Solution:
V =
V =
(
V =
(
V =
(
V = 0.246 V
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
(b) The values of
,
When V = 0.123
Answer:
V =
0.123 =
0.123 = (
) x (
4.5965 =
= 4.5965 x
= 1.996
x + 1 =
x + 1 = 99.0
x = 99 1
x = 98
= 98
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
When V = 0.308
V =
0.308 =
0.308 = (
) x (
11.5099 =
= 11.5099 x
= 4.9982
x + 1 =
x + 1 = 99 540.5
x = 99 540.5 - 1
x = 99 539.5
x 99 540
= 99 540
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Question 4 - b
(b) Based on the table, plot the curve of
=?
=2 000
=2 000 x (
=2 000 x ( 4.26 x
=8.52 x
(ii) The voltage generated when
= 200 000
Solution:
V = 0.3275 V
21
PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Graph of
against V
0 1 5 10 50 98
1000
10000
99540
180000
200000
-50000
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35
Y = ((1.38*10^(-23 ) )(312))/((1.609*10^(-19))) * log_10+1/
log_102.718 y
The value of V
when = 200
The value of
when V = 0.2 V
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Question 5 - a
(a) The variation of with respect to the
(i) Plot the curve of against the
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
February
March
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
April
May
25
PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
June
]
July
]
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
August
]
September
]
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
October
]
November
]
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
December
]
Tabulation for graph
Month Number of days
)
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Graph of against
(0.643)
= 49 59
= 49 59
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
(b) Obtain an equation that relates to on the 31
st
of August 2010.
When does the suns ray become parallel to the surface?
= + +
( ) + ( - )
0.7447 + (-0.6674)
0.7337 - 0.0941
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
The suns ray becomes parallel on:
Let = 90,
=
0.7337 - 0.0941
0.7337 - 0.0941
0.7337
=
= 0.1283
= 82 38
= (ST 12)15
82 38 = (ST 12)15
ST = 17.51 hour or 6.49 hour
35
PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
PART B
(a) What are the common renewably energy sources in Malaysia? Find out the
location of 3 renewable energy installations in Malaysia and how much
power each installation can generate? If an average family needs 3kW of
power, how many families can each renewable energy installation support?
Types of energy Location of installation Output current Number of families
Pulau Perhentian Kecil, Terengganu
650kW 650k 3k = 217
Hybrid Energy - - -
- - -
Temenggor, Perak
348 MW 348M 3k = 116 000
Hydroelectric Energy
Tenom Pangi, Sabah
66 MW 66M 3k = 22 000
Bakun Dam, Sarawak
2400 MW 2400M 3k = 800 0000
Bumibiopower Sdn Bhd, Perak
6 MW 6M 3k = 2 000
Biomass Energy
Recycle Energy Sdn Bhd, Selangor
9 MW 9M 3k = 3000
Naluri Ventures Sdn Bhd, Johor
12 MW 12M 3k = 4 000
(b) State at least 3 applications of solar energy in daily life.
Generates electricity for home (lights, refrigerator)
Solar hot water heaters
Swimming Pools with Solar Heat
Ventilation Using Solar Power
(c) Malaysia aims to reduce carbon emissions from 187 million tons in 2005
to 74.8 million tons in 2020. In your opinion, what are the steps to be
taken to achieve this goal in 2020?
According to my point of view, I think the increment in usage of renewable
energy could reduce the percentage of carbon emissions from 187 million tons
to 74.8 million tons by 2020. This can be proven when the transports which
releases ample amount of carbon monoxide, CO to the air can be overcome by
using palm oil as a form of Biomass energy. In fact, each house should fix a
solar panel in the future in order to reduce the carbon emissions as well as to
maintain a cost saving or budget daily life.
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Conclusion
As a conclusion of this project, I would like to say that this project helped me in
thinking using various ways. For an instance, the answers obtained by us (my friends
and I who chose the same task Task 1; Solar Energy) is almost the same with
different solutions or methods. From this, I also learnt to strengthen the topics I am
weak at such as logarithms and trigonometric.
Besides that, I have learnt a new lesson while completing my project which
was doing graph using Microsoft Excel efficiently. Using the Microsoft Word, I was
also able to interpret data neatly. In fact, doing graphs using Microsoft Excel is way
smarter than drawing it by hand. Undeniable, it helps us to find certain values
accurately as how the examiner wants.
Finally, I highly appreciate and am thankful to those who helped me to
complete my assignment in a short period of time including my Additional
Mathematics teacher Mrs. Tan Gien Pei, parents and also dearest friends.
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
Reference
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Malaysia#Hybrid_po
wer_stations (Power Stations in Malaysia)
2. http://www.pveducation.org/pvcdrom/introduction/solar-energy
(Introduction about Solar Energy)
3. http://www.bms.co.in/acknowledgement-sample-for-project-
reports/comment-page-1/ (Acknowledgement sample)
4. https://www.google.com.my/search?q=solar+energy&source=lnms&tbm=is
ch&sa=X&ei=x8DAU-
erDsuWuASEyIKQAg&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=624
(Solar Energy images)
5. https://www.google.com.my/search?q=wind+energy&source=lnms&tbm=is
ch&sa=X&ei=ZMLAU6mOEYS9uASQrIKIDg&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ&bi
w=1366&bih=624 (Wind Energy images)
6. https://www.google.com.my/search?q=wave+power+energy&tbm=isch&tbo
=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=OsLAU763N8KhugTVoICYDg&ved=0CCcQsAQ&
biw=1366&bih=624 (Wave power images )
7. https://www.google.com.my/search?q=hydropower+energy&tbm=isch&tbo
=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=8cHAU5SZKc6fugSnsYCAAg&sqi=2&ved=0CCY
QsAQ&biw=1366&bih=624 (Hydropower images)
8. https://www.google.com.my/search?q=geothermal+energy&source=lnms&t
bm=isch&sa=X&ei=wMHAU6SrB4qSuASc4YJg&sqi=2&ved=0CAYQ_AUoA
Q&biw=1366&bih=624 (Geothermal energy images)
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PRASANA A/P ARASU Additional Mathematics Project SPM 2014
ENCLOSURE